This document discusses PLC basics including ABB's AC 500 PLC system, the IEC 61131-3 programming standard, data types in CoDeSys software, and CoDeSys editor features like ladder logic and visualization. It describes the Boolean and integer data types available in CoDeSys, provides the value ranges for data types like BYTE, WORD, REAL, and LREAL. It also gives an overview of the CoDeSys visualization editor and common elements that can be used to create graphical interfaces connected to PLC variables.

1. ABB – PLC Basics
Arumugam J
Industrial Automation Group

2. ABB (ASEA Brown Boveri) - AC 500
 AC 500 Controllers ( CPU )
PM 571,PM 581,PM 582,PM 591 &PM 592
 Control Builder - CoDeSys V 2.3 ( Software )
CoDeSys is a complete development environment for your
ABB - PLC (AC 500).
(CoDeSys stands for Controlled Development System).
CoDeSys puts a simple approach to the powerful
IEC-61131-3 language at the disposal of the PLC programmer.
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3. IEC 61131
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 IEC 61131-1 : General information
 IEC 61131-2 : Equipment requirements and tests
 IEC 61131-3 : Programming Languages
 IEC 61131-4 : User Guidelines
 IEC 61131-5 : Messaging service specification
 IEC 61131-6 : Functional Safety
 IEC 61131-7 : Fuzzy control programming
 IEC 61131-8 : Guidelines for the application and implementation of
programming languages
 IEC 61131-9 Single-drop digital communication interface for small sensors
and actuators (SDCI)
A further part is currently being worked on:
 IEC 61131-10 XML exchange formats for programs according to IEC 61131-3

4. IEC 61131-3
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5. Boolean Data Type
BOOL type variables may be given the values
TRUE and FALSE.
 8 bits of memory space will be reserved.
Data Type Values Memory
BOOL TRUE (1), FALSE (0) 8 bit
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6. CODESYS - Integer Data Types
BYTE, WORD, DWORD, SINT, USINT, INT, UINT,
DINT, and UDINT are all integer data types
Each of the different number types covers a
different range of values.
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7. Data Type Lower Limit Upper Limit Memory
BYTE 0 255 8 bit
WORD 0 65535 16 bit
DWORD 0 4294967295 32 bit
LWORD 0 264-1 64 bit
SINT -128 127 8 bit
USINT 0 255 8 bit
INT -32768 32767 16 bit
UINT 0 65535 16 bit
DINT -2147483648 2147483647 32 bit
UDINT 0 4294967295 32 bit
LINT -263 263-1 64 bit
ULINT 0 264-1 64 bit
CODESYS - Integer data types Ranges
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8. CODESYS - REAL / LREAL
 REAL and LREAL are so-called Floating-point types.
They are required to represent rational numbers.
 32 bits of memory space is reserved for REAL and
64 bits for LREAL.
Data Type Lower Limit Upper Limit Memory
REAL -3.402823e+38 3.402823e+38 32 Bit
LREAL -1.7976931348623158 e+308 1.7976931348623158 e+308 64 Bit
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CoDeSys Editor (Ladder)

10. CoDeSys - Visualization
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11. Visualization Overview
 A visualization is a graphical representation of the project
variables which allows inputs to the PLC program in online
mode via mouse and keypad.
 The CoDeSys visualization editor, which is part of the
programming system provides graphic elements which can be
arranged as desired and can be connected with project
variables.
 Thereupon in online mode the look of the graphical elements
will change depending on the variables values.
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12. Visualization Elements
Rectangle
Rounded Rectangle
Ellipse
Polygon
Pie
Bitmap
Button
Table
Meter
Bar Display
Alarm Table
Visualization
Trend
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Assignment
(with CodeSys visualization)
1) Write the truth table for the following GATEs and check the output using LADDER
program
a) NAND b) NOR c) XOR
2) Write the output table for the following circuit and verify the output using LADDER
program.
OR
OR
AND
A
B
C
D
E