This document provides an overview of Java keywords, primitive data types, wrapper classes, variables, expressions, comments, casting, and overflow. It discusses the 50 Java keywords like abstract and boolean. It describes the 8 primitive types (boolean, char, byte, short, int, long, float, double), their ranges, and literals. It introduces the wrapper classes that correspond to each primitive type, like Integer for int. It also covers variables, expressions, single-line and multi-line comments, identity/widening/narrowing conversions during casting, and how overflow is handled for integer vs floating-point values.
This document provides an overview of various Java language concepts including enums, final, static, variable arguments, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, interfaces, and abstract classes. It defines each concept and provides examples to illustrate how they work in Java code. The document is presented as part of a multi-part series on the Java language and object-oriented programming.
This document provides an agenda and overview of topics related to Java language and object-oriented programming (OOP). The topics covered include string package, date package, math package, exceptions (basic, try-catch, throw), collections, input/output, and files. For each topic, key concepts and examples are briefly explained in 1-3 sentences.
This document provides an overview of classes, objects, constructors, methods, and other fundamental concepts in Java. It discusses:
1) The definition of a class and rules for declaring classes in source code files.
2) How to create and declare a class, as well as an object which is an instance of a class.
3) What a constructor is and how it initializes a new object. Constructors can be overloaded.
4) The basics of methods including passing parameters by value and reference, and overloading methods.
5) Other concepts like return statements, packages, imports, and access modifiers.
This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts like classes, objects, inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism. It compares procedural programming to OOP and contrasts the languages C and Java. Key differences between C and Java include Java's use of classes, objects, garbage collection, and platform independence. The document also demonstrates how to define classes and create objects in Java, including using constructors, getters, setters, inheritance, and polymorphism.
This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts in C#, including classes, objects, inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism. It defines key terms like class and object, and explains how C# supports OOP principles such as defining classes with methods and properties, extending classes through inheritance, hiding implementation through encapsulation, and allowing polymorphic behavior through function overloading and overriding. Abstract classes and sealed modifiers are also covered. The document is intended to help explain basic OOP concepts in C# to readers.
The document provides an agenda and overview of key concepts in object-oriented programming with Java including:
1. Class syntax such as access modifiers, static members, constructors, initializers, and the 'this' keyword.
2. Inheritance concepts like subclasses, superclasses, overriding methods, and the 'super' keyword.
3. Interfaces as contracts that can be implemented by classes to define common behaviors without implementation.
4. Nested classes including static nested classes and inner classes, as well as anonymous classes defined without a class name.
5. Enums, constructors, and initializers are also covered but examples are not shown.
This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming concepts using C++. It discusses key OOP concepts like objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and dynamic binding. It also covers C++ specific topics like functions, arrays, strings, modular programming, and classes and objects in C++. The document is intended to introduce the reader to the fundamentals of OOP using C++.
This document provides an overview of various Java language concepts including enums, final, static, variable arguments, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, interfaces, and abstract classes. It defines each concept and provides examples to illustrate how they work in Java code. The document is presented as part of a multi-part series on the Java language and object-oriented programming.
This document provides an agenda and overview of topics related to Java language and object-oriented programming (OOP). The topics covered include string package, date package, math package, exceptions (basic, try-catch, throw), collections, input/output, and files. For each topic, key concepts and examples are briefly explained in 1-3 sentences.
This document provides an overview of classes, objects, constructors, methods, and other fundamental concepts in Java. It discusses:
1) The definition of a class and rules for declaring classes in source code files.
2) How to create and declare a class, as well as an object which is an instance of a class.
3) What a constructor is and how it initializes a new object. Constructors can be overloaded.
4) The basics of methods including passing parameters by value and reference, and overloading methods.
5) Other concepts like return statements, packages, imports, and access modifiers.
This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts like classes, objects, inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism. It compares procedural programming to OOP and contrasts the languages C and Java. Key differences between C and Java include Java's use of classes, objects, garbage collection, and platform independence. The document also demonstrates how to define classes and create objects in Java, including using constructors, getters, setters, inheritance, and polymorphism.
This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts in C#, including classes, objects, inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism. It defines key terms like class and object, and explains how C# supports OOP principles such as defining classes with methods and properties, extending classes through inheritance, hiding implementation through encapsulation, and allowing polymorphic behavior through function overloading and overriding. Abstract classes and sealed modifiers are also covered. The document is intended to help explain basic OOP concepts in C# to readers.
The document provides an agenda and overview of key concepts in object-oriented programming with Java including:
1. Class syntax such as access modifiers, static members, constructors, initializers, and the 'this' keyword.
2. Inheritance concepts like subclasses, superclasses, overriding methods, and the 'super' keyword.
3. Interfaces as contracts that can be implemented by classes to define common behaviors without implementation.
4. Nested classes including static nested classes and inner classes, as well as anonymous classes defined without a class name.
5. Enums, constructors, and initializers are also covered but examples are not shown.
This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming concepts using C++. It discusses key OOP concepts like objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and dynamic binding. It also covers C++ specific topics like functions, arrays, strings, modular programming, and classes and objects in C++. The document is intended to introduce the reader to the fundamentals of OOP using C++.
Java is an object-oriented programming language and platform. It uses a virtual machine (JVM) to run bytecode, making Java programs platform independent. The JVM handles memory management through garbage collection. Java uses classes and objects to implement OOP concepts. Variables are declared with a specific primitive data type or class type. Java supports control flow statements like if/else and loops. Arrays allow storing multiple values of the same type. Methods define reusable blocks of code that can operate on objects.
The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in Java, including classes, objects, inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism. It provides examples and definitions of key OOP concepts like class, object, inheritance, abstraction, encapsulation, polymorphism, and the SOLID principles (single responsibility, open/closed, Liskov substitution, interface segregation, and dependency inversion). It also covers Java specifics like access modifiers, variables, and how to create objects in Java.
Java tutorial for Beginners and Entry LevelRamrao Desai
This document provides an overview of key Java concepts including classes, objects, inheritance, interfaces, exceptions, and more. It begins with a roadmap and definitions of object-oriented concepts like class and object. It then covers class variables and methods, visibility, static vs non-static, constructors, and the this keyword. The document also discusses inheritance, polymorphism, interfaces, exceptions, and error handling in Java.
The wrapper classes in Java are used to convert primitive data types like int and float into objects. There are eight wrapper classes that correspond to the eight primitive types. Wrapper classes allow primitive types to be used in contexts that require objects, like collections. They provide methods to convert between primitive types and their corresponding wrapper class objects.
The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts like classes, objects, inheritance, encapsulation, and composition. It provides examples of how these concepts can be implemented in Java. It explains that a class defines common attributes and behaviors of objects, while an object is an instance of a class. Inheritance allows classes to extend and override methods of parent classes. Encapsulation involves making attributes private and accessing them via getter/setter methods. Composition refers to objects having other objects as members.
Wrapper classes allow primitive data types to be used as objects. The eight primitive types (boolean, byte, char, short, int, long, float, double) each have a corresponding wrapper class (Boolean, Byte, Character, Short, Integer, Long, Float, Double). Wrapper classes make primitive types act like objects and allow them to be stored in collections. Common methods include parse, valueOf, toString.
This document discusses Java data types and variables. It begins by defining data types as sets of values with predefined characteristics. It then lists the default Java primitive data types (boolean, char, byte, short, int, long, float, double) along with their default sizes and values. Examples are provided to demonstrate the double and char data types. The document then discusses variables, describing how to declare them and the three types: local, instance, and static variables. It also covers dynamic initialization, default values, and visibility/scope. Finally, the document discusses type conversion and casting between incompatible types in Java.
The document provides an overview of key Java concepts including classes, objects, methods, constructors, inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction, and encapsulation. It defines classes like Circle and Shape that demonstrate these concepts. Circles have fields like radius and methods like area() and circumference(). The Shape class is abstract with abstract area() and circumference() methods that concrete subclasses like Circle must implement. Access modifiers like public, private, and protected are used to control access to class members.
The document discusses various topics in Objective-C including variables, data types, categories, protocols, and composite objects. It provides code examples to illustrate initializing objects, variable scope, enumerated data types, typedefs, data type conversion, categories, class extensions, protocols, delegates, and composite objects in Objective-C and compares some of these concepts to Java.
Wrapper classes allow primitives to be used as objects by encapsulating primitive values within objects. For each primitive type (e.g. int, double), there is a corresponding wrapper class (e.g. Integer, Double). Wrapper classes can be created using the new operator or static valueOf() methods. They allow primitives to be added to collections and returned from methods as objects. Autoboxing further automates the wrapping of primitives into objects.
The document discusses concurrency and threads in Java. It covers:
1. Concurrency allows running programs or parts of programs in parallel to improve throughput and interactivity. Modern computers have multiple CPU cores that can be leveraged.
2. A thread is a lightweight process that can access shared data in the same process. Java applications run in one process but use multiple threads for parallel processing.
3. Using threads introduces concurrency issues like visibility and access problems that can lead to failures if not handled properly.
This document outlines the course content for a Programming in C++ course, including 12 topics that will be covered: 1) principles of object oriented programming, 2) beginning with C++, 3) tokens, expressions, and control structures, 4) functions in C++, 5) classes and objects, 6) constructors and destructors, 7) operator overloading and type conversions, 8) inheritance, 9) pointers, virtual functions and polymorphism, 10) managing console I/O operations, 11) working with files, and 12) templates and exception handling. Students will write programs based on the curriculum and six reference books are provided.
Object Oriented Programming (OOP) allows developers to organize complex programs using classes and objects. OOP uses concepts like encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism to keep data and functionality together in objects. The basic building blocks in OOP are classes, which define the properties and methods of an object, and objects, which are instances of classes. Classes can inherit properties and methods from parent classes, and objects can be identified and compared using operators like instanceof. Magic methods allow objects to override default behavior for operations like property access, method calling and object destruction.
Java is an object-oriented programming language. It has keywords, primitive data types like int and double, and variables that are declared with a type. Variables can be initialized statically at declaration or dynamically later. Constants are declared with final and can't be changed.
Here is a Python class with the specifications provided in the question:
class PICTURE:
def __init__(self, pno, category, location):
self.pno = pno
self.category = category
self.location = location
def FixLocation(self, new_location):
self.location = new_location
This defines a PICTURE class with three instance attributes - pno, category and location as specified in the question. It also defines a FixLocation method to assign a new location as required.
This document provides an introduction to object oriented programming concepts in Java for absolute beginners. It covers key concepts like classes, objects, abstraction, inheritance, interfaces, polymorphism, overriding, overloading and encapsulation. It includes examples and exercises to demonstrate each concept. The exercises involve creating classes for vehicles like Ferrari and Audi, making them inherit from an abstract Vehicle class, implementing interfaces, overriding and overloading methods. The goal is to help readers understand and apply OOP concepts in Java.
The document discusses key concepts in C++ classes including encapsulation, information hiding, access specifiers, and constructors. It defines a class as a way to combine attributes and behaviors of real-world objects into a single unit. A class uses encapsulation to associate code and data, and information hiding to secure data from direct access. Access specifiers like public, private, and protected determine member visibility. Constructors are special member functions that initialize objects upon instantiation.
Primitive data types in Objective-C include int, float, double, and char. Loops like for, while, and do-while are used to repeatedly execute code. Decision making statements include if-else, if-else if-else, switch, and the conditional operator. The document discusses these programming concepts and provides examples of defining and using variables of different data types, loops, and conditional statements in Objective-C code.
The document discusses various Java programming concepts including comments, identifiers, keywords, primitive data types, variables, objects, and access modifiers. It provides examples and definitions for each concept. The key points covered are the eight primitive data types in Java (boolean, char, byte, short, int, long, float, double), how to declare and initialize variables, how to construct objects using the new keyword, and the differences between public, private, protected, default, final, and abstract access modifiers.
Java is an object-oriented programming language and platform. It uses a virtual machine (JVM) to run bytecode, making Java programs platform independent. The JVM handles memory management through garbage collection. Java uses classes and objects to implement OOP concepts. Variables are declared with a specific primitive data type or class type. Java supports control flow statements like if/else and loops. Arrays allow storing multiple values of the same type. Methods define reusable blocks of code that can operate on objects.
The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in Java, including classes, objects, inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism. It provides examples and definitions of key OOP concepts like class, object, inheritance, abstraction, encapsulation, polymorphism, and the SOLID principles (single responsibility, open/closed, Liskov substitution, interface segregation, and dependency inversion). It also covers Java specifics like access modifiers, variables, and how to create objects in Java.
Java tutorial for Beginners and Entry LevelRamrao Desai
This document provides an overview of key Java concepts including classes, objects, inheritance, interfaces, exceptions, and more. It begins with a roadmap and definitions of object-oriented concepts like class and object. It then covers class variables and methods, visibility, static vs non-static, constructors, and the this keyword. The document also discusses inheritance, polymorphism, interfaces, exceptions, and error handling in Java.
The wrapper classes in Java are used to convert primitive data types like int and float into objects. There are eight wrapper classes that correspond to the eight primitive types. Wrapper classes allow primitive types to be used in contexts that require objects, like collections. They provide methods to convert between primitive types and their corresponding wrapper class objects.
The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts like classes, objects, inheritance, encapsulation, and composition. It provides examples of how these concepts can be implemented in Java. It explains that a class defines common attributes and behaviors of objects, while an object is an instance of a class. Inheritance allows classes to extend and override methods of parent classes. Encapsulation involves making attributes private and accessing them via getter/setter methods. Composition refers to objects having other objects as members.
Wrapper classes allow primitive data types to be used as objects. The eight primitive types (boolean, byte, char, short, int, long, float, double) each have a corresponding wrapper class (Boolean, Byte, Character, Short, Integer, Long, Float, Double). Wrapper classes make primitive types act like objects and allow them to be stored in collections. Common methods include parse, valueOf, toString.
This document discusses Java data types and variables. It begins by defining data types as sets of values with predefined characteristics. It then lists the default Java primitive data types (boolean, char, byte, short, int, long, float, double) along with their default sizes and values. Examples are provided to demonstrate the double and char data types. The document then discusses variables, describing how to declare them and the three types: local, instance, and static variables. It also covers dynamic initialization, default values, and visibility/scope. Finally, the document discusses type conversion and casting between incompatible types in Java.
The document provides an overview of key Java concepts including classes, objects, methods, constructors, inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction, and encapsulation. It defines classes like Circle and Shape that demonstrate these concepts. Circles have fields like radius and methods like area() and circumference(). The Shape class is abstract with abstract area() and circumference() methods that concrete subclasses like Circle must implement. Access modifiers like public, private, and protected are used to control access to class members.
The document discusses various topics in Objective-C including variables, data types, categories, protocols, and composite objects. It provides code examples to illustrate initializing objects, variable scope, enumerated data types, typedefs, data type conversion, categories, class extensions, protocols, delegates, and composite objects in Objective-C and compares some of these concepts to Java.
Wrapper classes allow primitives to be used as objects by encapsulating primitive values within objects. For each primitive type (e.g. int, double), there is a corresponding wrapper class (e.g. Integer, Double). Wrapper classes can be created using the new operator or static valueOf() methods. They allow primitives to be added to collections and returned from methods as objects. Autoboxing further automates the wrapping of primitives into objects.
The document discusses concurrency and threads in Java. It covers:
1. Concurrency allows running programs or parts of programs in parallel to improve throughput and interactivity. Modern computers have multiple CPU cores that can be leveraged.
2. A thread is a lightweight process that can access shared data in the same process. Java applications run in one process but use multiple threads for parallel processing.
3. Using threads introduces concurrency issues like visibility and access problems that can lead to failures if not handled properly.
This document outlines the course content for a Programming in C++ course, including 12 topics that will be covered: 1) principles of object oriented programming, 2) beginning with C++, 3) tokens, expressions, and control structures, 4) functions in C++, 5) classes and objects, 6) constructors and destructors, 7) operator overloading and type conversions, 8) inheritance, 9) pointers, virtual functions and polymorphism, 10) managing console I/O operations, 11) working with files, and 12) templates and exception handling. Students will write programs based on the curriculum and six reference books are provided.
Object Oriented Programming (OOP) allows developers to organize complex programs using classes and objects. OOP uses concepts like encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism to keep data and functionality together in objects. The basic building blocks in OOP are classes, which define the properties and methods of an object, and objects, which are instances of classes. Classes can inherit properties and methods from parent classes, and objects can be identified and compared using operators like instanceof. Magic methods allow objects to override default behavior for operations like property access, method calling and object destruction.
Java is an object-oriented programming language. It has keywords, primitive data types like int and double, and variables that are declared with a type. Variables can be initialized statically at declaration or dynamically later. Constants are declared with final and can't be changed.
Here is a Python class with the specifications provided in the question:
class PICTURE:
def __init__(self, pno, category, location):
self.pno = pno
self.category = category
self.location = location
def FixLocation(self, new_location):
self.location = new_location
This defines a PICTURE class with three instance attributes - pno, category and location as specified in the question. It also defines a FixLocation method to assign a new location as required.
This document provides an introduction to object oriented programming concepts in Java for absolute beginners. It covers key concepts like classes, objects, abstraction, inheritance, interfaces, polymorphism, overriding, overloading and encapsulation. It includes examples and exercises to demonstrate each concept. The exercises involve creating classes for vehicles like Ferrari and Audi, making them inherit from an abstract Vehicle class, implementing interfaces, overriding and overloading methods. The goal is to help readers understand and apply OOP concepts in Java.
The document discusses key concepts in C++ classes including encapsulation, information hiding, access specifiers, and constructors. It defines a class as a way to combine attributes and behaviors of real-world objects into a single unit. A class uses encapsulation to associate code and data, and information hiding to secure data from direct access. Access specifiers like public, private, and protected determine member visibility. Constructors are special member functions that initialize objects upon instantiation.
Primitive data types in Objective-C include int, float, double, and char. Loops like for, while, and do-while are used to repeatedly execute code. Decision making statements include if-else, if-else if-else, switch, and the conditional operator. The document discusses these programming concepts and provides examples of defining and using variables of different data types, loops, and conditional statements in Objective-C code.
The document discusses various Java programming concepts including comments, identifiers, keywords, primitive data types, variables, objects, and access modifiers. It provides examples and definitions for each concept. The key points covered are the eight primitive data types in Java (boolean, char, byte, short, int, long, float, double), how to declare and initialize variables, how to construct objects using the new keyword, and the differences between public, private, protected, default, final, and abstract access modifiers.
This document discusses Java data types and variables. It defines variables as containers that hold data values and notes there are three types: local, instance, and static. Local variables are declared within methods while instance variables are declared in a class but outside methods. Static variables can be accessed by the class name. The document also outlines Java's primitive data types like int and double, and non-primitive types like Strings and Arrays. It explains type casting between primitive types and differences between primitive and non-primitive data types.
This document discusses key concepts in C programming including variables, data types, constants, keywords, comments, and rules for writing C programs. It defines variables as containers for storing data in memory locations. It describes predefined data types like char, int, float, and double as well as derived and user-defined data types. It also covers identifiers, declarations, initialization, keywords, constants, comments, and general rules for writing C programs.
This document discusses Java variables, data types, and operators. It covers the basics of declaring variables in Java, including primitive and non-primitive data types. It also describes different types of variables, literals, casting, and operators such as arithmetic, assignment, comparison, and logical operators. Examples are provided to demonstrate variable declaration and usage of various operators.
This document provides an introduction to basic Java programming concepts including variables, data types, identifiers, keywords, comments, and outputting variable values. It discusses the different primitive data types in Java like int, double, char, etc. and how to declare and initialize variables of these types. The document also covers Java naming conventions for classes, methods and variables. It explains how to write single line, multi-line and javadoc comments. Finally, it demonstrates how to use System.out.println() and System.out.print() to output the values of variables.
The document provides an overview of key concepts in C# programming including:
1) It describes the basic parts of a C# program including the class name, main method, and statements like Console.WriteLine.
2) It explains data types in C# like integer, floating point, decimal, and character types along with their sizes in memory.
3) It discusses literals, variables, identifiers, keywords, and implicit/explicit casting between data types.
The document provides an overview of key concepts in C# programming including:
1) It describes the basic parts of a C# program including the class name, main method, and statements like Console.WriteLine.
2) It explains data types in C# like integer, floating point, decimal, and character types along with their sizes in memory.
3) It discusses literals, variables, identifiers, keywords, and implicit/explicit casting between data types.
The document provides an introduction to Python programming. It discusses that Python is a high-level, interpreted, object-oriented, and general purpose programming language. It can be used for web development, scientific computing, desktop applications, and more. The document then covers Python basics like data types, variables, literals, operators, control flow statements, functions, modules and packages. It also discusses installing Python on Windows and writing the first Python program.
demo1 java of demo 1 java with demo 1 java.pptFerdieBalang
This document provides an introduction to the structure and key concepts of Java programming. It covers topics such as the structure of Java programs, keywords and identifiers, primitive data types, variables, expressions and statements, conditional and loop statements, and using the Java API. The document also discusses how Java programs are written by defining classes with a main method, compiling the source code, and running the compiled code.
This Presentation is the intro. to java programming.
This presentation contain the basics of Java with example in simple language.
This presentation clear your all concept about programming in java and then you can easily make programs in java.
its all about java variable.....you may also learn about various data type by this slide. freshers become helpful to read out this.this slides also may helpful in your varsity java course class .in this slide there is vast discussion about java variable
The document provides an introduction to the Python programming language. It discusses that Python was created by Guido Van Rossum in 1991 and was named after the Monty Python comedy troupe. Python is an open source, interpreted language that can be used for both procedural and object-oriented programming. It has a simple syntax and supports features like graphical user interfaces, integration with other languages, and is used widely in applications like web development, artificial intelligence, and data science. The document also covers Python concepts like variables, data types, operators, input/output and comments.
This document provides an overview of the C programming language development process. It discusses the different phases a C program goes through from editing the source code to execution. It describes the preprocessor, compiler, linker, and loader and their roles. It also covers C program structures like comments, header files, and the main function. Finally, it discusses some C fundamentals like data types, variables, literals, and variable scope.
- A Java program is a collection of classes, with each class containing declarations and methods. The smallest units in a program are tokens like keywords, identifiers, literals, operators, and separators.
- There are two main data types in Java: primitive types (like int, double, boolean) and reference types (like classes). Primitive types include numeric, character, and boolean types.
- Arrays are objects that hold a fixed number of values of a single type and are commonly used to store collections of data. Array variables are declared with a type followed by square brackets, and must be initialized before use.
Python is an open source programming language created by Guido van Rossum in 1991. It is named after the comedy group Monty Python and is based on the ABC language. Python supports both procedural and object-oriented programming and can be used for web development, data analysis, artificial intelligence, and more. It has a simple syntax and large standard library that make it easy to learn and use for various applications.
The document discusses various C++ data types including built-in, derived, and user-defined data types. It describes the different built-in data types like int, char, float, double, void and their properties. It also discusses derived data types like arrays, functions, pointers, references, and constant. The document further explains user-defined data types like structures, unions and classes/objects in C++.
The document provides an introduction to Python programming including its features, uses, history, and installation process. Some key points covered include:
- Python is an interpreted, object-oriented programming language that is used for web development, scientific computing, and desktop applications.
- It was created by Guido van Rossum in 1991 and named after the Monty Python comedy group.
- To install Python on Windows, users download the latest version from python.org and run the installer, which also installs the IDLE development environment.
- The document then covers basic Python concepts like variables, data types, operators, and input/output functions.
The document discusses various data types in Python including float, complex, bool, and str (string) types. It provides details on how each data type stores and represents values. For float, it notes they have a precision of 16 digits and can be represented exponentially. Complex numbers are written as x + yj. Bool only allows True or False values. Strings use Unicode encoding and can be delimited by either single or double quotes, using escape characters when needed. It also discusses accessing individual characters within a string using indexes.
Data types in C include integer, long, short, char, and double. Integer types can be signed or unsigned and their range depends on whether the compiler is 16-bit or 32-bit. Char requires 1 byte and represents a character with a range of -128 to 127. Double occupies 8 bytes with a range of -1.7e308 to +1.7e308 and is used to store floating point numbers. The document also provides examples of declaring different data types and their format specifiers used in scanf and printf statements.
Hari is applying for a position posted on jobsdb.com. He has strong technical experience from various roles as a developer and project manager. His skills include programming, problem solving, software testing, and project management. He has a Master's degree in Computer Science and experience with technologies like Java, SQL, and software development processes.
This document contains the agenda and code snippets for 13 Java programming labs covering Java keywords, primitive data types, wrapper classes, variables, expressions, comments, casting, and overflow. The labs introduce fundamental Java concepts like declaring and assigning variables of different primitive types, using arithmetic and relational operators in expressions, single-line and multi-line comments, widening and narrowing casts between data types, and the Integer wrapper class for boxing primitive values. The final lab demonstrates integer overflow by exceeding the maximum and minimum integer values.
This document outlines an agenda for a Java Language and OOP Part II lab covering operators, selection statements, and looping statements in Java. The lab includes 19 exercises to demonstrate the use of arithmetic, relational, assignment, ternary, bitwise, and logical operators as well as if/else, switch, for, while, do-while loops, and the continue and break statements in Java code examples.
This document provides an overview of SQL and database concepts. It introduces SQL commands like SELECT, WHERE, ORDER BY, and aggregate functions. It explains how to retrieve, filter, sort and summarize data stored in database tables. Examples are provided for each concept to illustrate how to write SQL queries to interact with sample database tables containing employee, product and student data.
This document provides an overview of operators, selection statements, and looping statements in Java. It begins with a breakdown of the different types of operators in Java including assignment, relational, arithmetic, conditional, bitwise, and logical operators. It then covers selection statements such as if-else statements and switch statements. Finally, it discusses looping statements including for, while, do-while loops as well as the continue and break statements. It also includes brief sections on arrays and arrays of arrays in Java.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang penerapan metode Six Sigma untuk menyelesaikan masalah kesenjangan pada as roda belakang yang dihasilkan oleh supplier untuk General Motors. Metode DMAIC digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab masalah dan merancang solusi berupa penyesuaian tekanan selama proses pemanasan cat pada oven.
Need for Speed: Removing speed bumps from your Symfony projects ⚡️Łukasz Chruściel
No one wants their application to drag like a car stuck in the slow lane! Yet it’s all too common to encounter bumpy, pothole-filled solutions that slow the speed of any application. Symfony apps are not an exception.
In this talk, I will take you for a spin around the performance racetrack. We’ll explore common pitfalls - those hidden potholes on your application that can cause unexpected slowdowns. Learn how to spot these performance bumps early, and more importantly, how to navigate around them to keep your application running at top speed.
We will focus in particular on tuning your engine at the application level, making the right adjustments to ensure that your system responds like a well-oiled, high-performance race car.
8 Best Automated Android App Testing Tool and Framework in 2024.pdfkalichargn70th171
Regarding mobile operating systems, two major players dominate our thoughts: Android and iPhone. With Android leading the market, software development companies are focused on delivering apps compatible with this OS. Ensuring an app's functionality across various Android devices, OS versions, and hardware specifications is critical, making Android app testing essential.
What is Augmented Reality Image Trackingpavan998932
Augmented Reality (AR) Image Tracking is a technology that enables AR applications to recognize and track images in the real world, overlaying digital content onto them. This enhances the user's interaction with their environment by providing additional information and interactive elements directly tied to physical images.
Artificia Intellicence and XPath Extension FunctionsOctavian Nadolu
The purpose of this presentation is to provide an overview of how you can use AI from XSLT, XQuery, Schematron, or XML Refactoring operations, the potential benefits of using AI, and some of the challenges we face.
Flutter is a popular open source, cross-platform framework developed by Google. In this webinar we'll explore Flutter and its architecture, delve into the Flutter Embedder and Flutter’s Dart language, discover how to leverage Flutter for embedded device development, learn about Automotive Grade Linux (AGL) and its consortium and understand the rationale behind AGL's choice of Flutter for next-gen IVI systems. Don’t miss this opportunity to discover whether Flutter is right for your project.
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2. Agenda
• 01 Java Keyword
• 02 Primitive Data Type
• 03 Wrapper Class
• 04 Variabel or Identifier
• 05 Expression Statement
• 06 Comment in Java
• 07 Comment Single Line
• 08 Comment Multiple Line
• 09 Casting
• 10 Overflow
3. Keywords
• Keywords are reserved words, which means
they cannot be used as identifiers. Java now has
50 keywords ("enum" became a keyword in JDK
1.5)
4. Keywords
• abstract continue for new switch
• assert default goto package synchronized
• boolean do if private this
• break double implements protected throw
• byte else import public throws
5. Keywords
• case enum instanceof return transient
• catch extends int short try
• char final interface static void
• class finally long strictfp volatile
• const float native super while
6. Primitive Data Type
• There are eight built-in, non-object types in
Java, known as primitive types. Every piece of
data in a class is ultimately represented in terms
of these primitive types. The eight primitive types
are:
– boolean (for true/false values)
– char (for character data, ultimately to be input or
printed)
– int, long, byte, short (for arithmetic on whole numbers)
– double, float (for arithmetic on the real numbers)
7. Primitive Data Type - Literal
• As we mention each of the eight primitive types,
we'll show a typical declaration; say what range
of values it can hold; and also describe the literal
values for the type.
• A "literal" is a value provided at compile time.
Just write down the value that you mean, and
that's the literal.
8. Primitive Data Type - Literal
• Example:
int i = 2; // 2 is a literal
double d = 3.14; // 3.14 is a literal
if ( c == 'j' ) // 'j' is a literal
9. Primitive Data Type - Literal
• Every literal has a type, just like every variable
has a type.
• The literal written as 2 has type int.
• The literal written as 3.14 belongs to the type
double.
• For booleans, the literals are the words false
and true.
10. Primitive Data Type - Literal
• It is not valid to directly assign a literal of one
type to a variable of another. In other words, this
code is invalid:
int i = 3.14; // type mismatch! BAD CODE
11. Primitive Data Type – The Eigth
Data Type Size Min Max
byte 8 bit -128 127
short 16 bit -32.768 32.767
int 32 bit -2.147.483.648 2.147.483.647
long 64 bit -9.223.372.036.854.775.808 9.223.372.036.854.775.807
float 32 bit -3.4E38 3.4E38
double 64 bit -1.7E308 1.7E308
boolean - - -
char 16 bit 'u0000' atau 0 'uffff‘ atau 65535
12. Primitive Data Type - byte
• Example declaration:
byte aByte;
• Range of values: –128 to 127
• Literals: There are no byte literals. You can use,
without a cast, int literals provided their values fit
in 8 bits. You can use char, long, and floating-
point literals if you cast them
13. Primitive Data Type - byte
• You always have to cast a (non-literal) value of a
larger type if you want to put it into a variable of
a smaller type
• Since arithmetic is always performed at least at
32-bit precision, this means that assignments to
a byte variable must always be cast into the
result if they involve any arithmetic, like this:
byte b1=1, b2=2;
byte b3 = b2 + b1; // NO! compilation error
byte b3 = (byte) (b2 + b1); // correct, uses a cast
14. Primitive Data Type - short
• Example declaration:
short aShort;
• Range of values: –32,768 to 32,767
• Literals: There are no short literals. You can use,
without a cast, int literals provided their values
will fit in 16 bits. You can use char, long, and
floating-point literals if you cast them
15. Primitive Data Type - int
• Example declaration:
int i;
• Range of values: –2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647
• Literals:
– A decimal literal, e.g., 10 or –256
– With a leading zero, meaning an octal literal, e.g.,
077777
– With a leading 0x, meaning a hexadecimal literal,
e.g., 0xA5 or 0Xa5
16. Primitive Data Type - long
• Example declaration:
long debt;
• Range of values: –9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807
• Literals: (always put L)
– A decimal literal, e.g., 2047L or –10L
– An octal literal, e.g., 0777777L
– A hexadecimal literal, e.g., 0xA5L or
OxABadBabbeL
17. Primitive Data Type - float
• Example declaration:
float total;
• Range of values: –3.4E38 to 3.4E38
• Literals: (always put f)
1e1f 2.f .3f 3.14f 6.02e+23f
18. Primitive Data Type - double
• Example declaration:
double salary;
• Range of values: –1.7E308 to +1.7E308
• Literals: (optionally put d)
1e1 2. .3 3.14 6.02e+23d
19. Primitive Data Type - boolean
• Example declaration:
boolean b;
• Range of values: false, true
• Literals: false true
20. Primitive Data Type - char
• Example declaration:
char grade;
• Range of values: a value in the Unicode code set 0 to 65,535
• Literals: Char literals are always between single
quotes. String literals are always between
double quotes, so you can tell apart a one-
character String from a char
21. Primitive Data Type - char
• Here are the four ways you can write a char literal:
– A single character in single quotes, char tShirtSize = 'L';
– A character escape sequence
– An octal escape sequence
– A Unicode escape sequence
Character Description
‘n’ Linefeed
‘r’ Carriage Return
‘’f’ Formfeed
‘b’ Backspace
Character Description
‘t’ Tab
‘’ Backslash
‘’”’ Double Quote
‘’’ Single Quote
22. Wrapper Class
• Each of the eight primitive types we have just
seen has a corresponding class type, predefined
in the Java library
• For example, there is a class java.lang.Integer
that corresponds to primitive type int
• These class types accompanying the primitive
types are known as object wrappers
23. Wrapper Class
• Wrapper Class serve several purposes:
– The class is a convenient place to store constants like
the biggest and smallest values the primitive type can
store
– The class also has methods that can convert both
ways between primitive values of each type and
printable Strings. Some wrapper classes have
additional utility methods
– Some data structure library classes only operate on
objects, not primitive variables. The object wrappers
provide a convenient way to convert a primitive into
the equivalent object, so it can be processed by these
data structure classes
24. Wrapper Class – The Eight
Primitive Type Wrapper Class
byte java.lang.Byte
short java.lang.Short
int java.lang.Integer
long java.lang.Long
float java.lang.Float
double java.lang.Double
boolean java.lang.Boolean
char java.lang.Character
25. Wrapper Class
• Example:
int i = 15;
Integer myInt = new Integer(i); //wrap an int in a object
// get the printable representation of an Integer
String s = myInt.toString();
// gets the Integer as a printable hex string
String s = myInt.toHexString(15); // s is now "f"
// reads a string, and gives you back an
int i = myInt.parseInt( "2047" );
// reads a string, and gives you back an Integer object
myInt = myInt.valueOf( "2047" );
26. Identifier
• Identifiers are the names provided by the
programmer, and can be ANY LENGTH in Java
• Identifiers must start with a LETTER,
UNDERSCORE, or DOLAR SIGN, and in
subsequent positions can also contain digits.
• Letter with unicode character also valid
28. Identifier – Forward Reference
public class Identifier {
public int calculate() {
// not yet declared
print(“METHOD FORWARD REFERENCE”);
return total;
}
public void print(String aString) {
System.out.println(aString);
}
int total;
}
29. Expression Statement
• Example:
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a = b; // assignment
int number = 5; // assignment
w.setSize(200,100); // method invocation
new WarningWindow(f); // Instance creation
Person p = new Person(); // Instance creation
++i; // pre-increment
}
30. Expression Statement
• Example:
public static void main(String[] args) {
int i = 4;
int j = 6;
int x = i++ + ++i - --j + ++j + j++;
System.out.println(“x = “ + x);
System.out.println(“i = “ + i);
System.out.println(“j = “ + j);
}
31. Expression
Expression in Java
A literal 245
This object reference this
A field access now.hh
A method call now.fillTimes()
An object creation new Timestamp(12, 0, 0)
An array creation new int[27]
An array access myArray[i][j]
Any expression with operator now.mins / 60
Any Expression in parens (now.millisecs * 1000)
32. Comment in Java
• Comment is used to make a description of a
program
• Comment can be used to make a program
readable
• Comment is ignored by compiler
34. Comment Multiple Line
• Use /* */
• Example:
/*
This is a multiple line comment
Use this if we want to make multiple line of comment
Just remember the format:
/* = to open the comment
*/ = to close the comment
*/
35. Comment Multiple Line
• Use /** */
• Example:
/**
This is a multiple line comment for Java Documentation
Use this if we want to make multiple line of comment
And also want to publish to Java Documentation
We can also use HTML tag like this <br/>
Just remember the format:
/** = to open the comment
*/ = to close the comment
*/
36. Casting
• When you assign an expression to a variable, a
conversion must be done.
• Conversions among the primitive types are
either identity, widening, or narrowing
conversions.
37. Casting - Identity
• Identity conversions are an assignment between
two identical types, like an int to int assignment.
• The conversion is trivial: just copy the bits
unchanged.
39. Casting - Widening
• Widening conversions occur when you assign
from a less capacious type (such as a short) to a
more capacious one (such as a long). You may
lose some digits of precision when you convert
either way between an integer type and a
floating point type. An example of this appeared
in the previous section with a long-to-float
assignment. Widening conversions preserve the
approximate magnitude of the result, even if it
cannot be represented exactly in the new type.
41. Casting - Narrowing
• Narrowing conversions are the remaining
conversions. These are assignments from one
type to a different type with a smaller range.
They may lose the magnitude information.
Magnitude means the largeness of a number, as
in the phrase "order of magnitude." So a
conversion from a long to a byte will lose
information about the millions and billions, but
will preserve the least significant digits.
43. Overflow
• When a result is too big for the type intended to
hold it because of a cast, an implicit type
conversion, or the evaluation of an expression,
something has to give!
• What happens depends on whether the result
type is integer or floating point.
44. Overflow
• When an integer-valued expression is too big for
its type, only the low end (least significant) bits
get stored
• Because of the way two's-complement numbers
are stored, adding one to the highest positive
integer value gives a result of the highest
negative integer value. Watch out for this (it's
true for all languages that use standard
arithmetic, not just Java)
45. Overflow
• There is only one case in which integer
calculation ceases and overflow is reported to
the programmer: division by zero (using / or %)
will throw an exception
46. Overflow
• Example:
int min = Integer.MIN_VALUE; // -2147483648
int max = Integer.MAX_VALUE; // 2147483647
int num1 = 2147483648; // The result is ?
int num2 = max + 1; // The result is ?
int num3 = min - 1; // The result is ?
int num4 = 5 / 0; // The result is ?