2. Lesson 1 Objectives
Recognize the importance of
computer literacy
Distinguish between system software
and application software
Define the term, computer
Describe th categories of computers
D
ib the t
i
f
t
Identify the components
of a computer
Discuss the advantages and
disadvantages of using computers
Identify the elements of
y
an information system
Describe the various types
yp
of computer users
Recognize the purpose of a network
Discuss the uses of the Internet and
World Wide Web
Discuss various computer
applications in society
3. A World of Computers
What is computer literacy?
Knowledge and understanding
K
l d
d d t di
of computers and their uses
Computers are everywhere
4. What Is a Computer?
How is a computer defined?
Electronic device
El t i d i operating under the control of
ti
d th
t l f
instructions stored in its own memory
Accepts data
Raw facts, figures, and
symbols
Processes data into
information
Data that is organized,
meaningful, and useful
Produces and stores results
5. What Is a Computer?
What is the information processing cycle?
Input
I
t
Process
Output
O t t
Storage
Communication
6. The Components of a Computer
What is an input device?
Hardware used
H d
d
to enter data
and instructions
7. The Components of a Computer
What is an output device?
Hardware th t
H d
that
conveys
information
to one or more
people
8. The Components of a Computer
What is the system unit?
Case
C
containing
electronic
components
p
used to process
data
9. The Components of a Computer
What are two main components on the motherboard?
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Also called a processor
The electronic component that interprets and carries
out the basic instructions that operate the computer
t th b i i t ti
th t
t th
t
Memory
Consists of electronic components that store
p
instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by
those instructions
10. The Components of a Computer
What is storage?
Holds d t i t ti
H ld data, instructions, and information
di f
ti
for future use
Storage media
Physical material on which data, instructions
data instructions,
and information are stored
Storage device
Records and retrieves items to and from
a storage medium
11. The Components of a Computer
What is storage media?
Digital
cameras
Portable, thin
memory cards
used in:
Handheld
computers
12. The Components of a Computer
What is a floppy disk?
Thin, i l
Thi circular,
flexible disk
enclosed in rigid
plastic shell
13. The Components of a Computer
What is a USB flash drive?
Provides
P id much
h
greater storage
capacity than a
floppy disk or
Zip® disk
Small and
lightweight enough
g
g
g
to be transported
on a keychain or
in a pocket
14. The Components of a Computer
What is a hard disk?
Provides
P id greater storage
t
t
capacity than a
floppy disk Zip disk, or
disk,
disk
USB flash drive
Most are housed inside
of the system unit
y
15. The Components of a Computer
What is a compact disc?
Flat,
Fl t round, portable metal disc
d
t bl
t l di
CD-ROM
DVD-ROM
16. The Components of a Computer
What is a communications device?
Hardware component that
p
enables a computer to
send and receive data, instructions,
and i f
d information
i
Occurs over cables telephone
cables,
lines, cellular radio networks,
satellites, and other
,
transmission media
17. Advantages and Disadvantages
of Using Computers
What are the advantages of using computers?
Speed
Reliability
Storage
St
Consistency
Communications
C
i ti
18. Advantages and Disadvantages
of Using Computers
What are the disadvantages of using computers?
Violation of
Privacy
Impact on
Labor Force
Health Risks
Impact on
Environment
19. Networks and the Internet
What is a network?
Collection f
C ll ti of computers and devices connected together
t
dd i
t d t th
Communications
Device
Enables a
connection
ti
between
computers
Transmission
Media
Satellites
Cables
Telephone
lines
One type is
a modem
Cellular
radio
20. Networks and the Internet
What are the reasons to network?
To share
Resources
Hardware
d
devices
Software
programs
To
T save
Data
time
Information
and
money
21. Networks and the Internet
What is a server?
A server manages
the resources on a
network
Clients access
the resources
on the server
22. Networks and the Internet
What is the Internet?
Worldwide ll ti
W ld id collection of networks that connects
f t
k th t
t
millions of businesses, government agencies,
educational institutions, and individuals
institutions
23. Networks and the Internet
Why do users access the Internet?
1. Communications
2. Information
3. Shopping
3 Sh
i
4. Banking and Investing
5. Classes
6. Entertainment
24. Networks and the Internet
What is the Web?
Billions of documents, called W b pages, available to
Billi
fd
t
ll d Web
il bl t
anyone connected to the Internet
A Web site is
a collection of
ll i
f
related Web pages
A Web page contains
text,
t t graphics, sound,
hi
d
video, and links to
other Web pages
You can share
information by
creating Web pages
g
p g
or posting photos on
a photo sharing
community
25. Computer Software
What is software?
Consists of a series
of instructions that
fi
i
h
tells the computer
what to do
Also ll d
Al called a
program
26. Computer Software
What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?
Allows you to
All
t
interact with the
software using
graphics and icons
Controls how you
enter data and how
t e sc ee d sp ays
the screen displays
information
27. Computer Software
What is system software?
Programs that control or maintain the operations of
P
th t
t l
i t i th
ti
f
the computer and its devices
Operating System (OS)
is a set of programs
that coordinates all
activities among
g
computer hardware
devices and allows
users to run
application software
Utility Programs allow the user to
perform maintenance-type tasks
usually related to managing a
computer, its devices or its programs
28. Computer Software
What is application software?
Programs that perform
P
th t
f
specific tasks for users
Word
Processing
g
Spreadsheet
Database
Presentation
Graphics
31. Computer Software
Who is a programmer?
Someone who d l
S
h develops
application or system
software
Programmer writes
instructions to
direct computer to
di
process data into
information
Resulting Internet application
Javascript program
32. Categories of Computers
What are the categories of computers?
Personal Computers
(
(desktop)
p)
Mobile Computers and
Mobile Devices
Midrange Servers
Mainframes
Supercomputers
Embedded Computers
33. Personal Computers
What are the two most popular series of personal
computers?
t ?
PC and compatibles
use the Windows
operating system
Apple Macintosh
uses the Macintosh
operating system
(Mac OS)
34. Personal Computers
What is a desktop computer?
Designed so all of the components fit entirely on
D i
d
ll f th
t
ti l
or under a desk or table
35. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
What is a notebook computer?
Portable,
P t bl small enough
ll
h
to fit on your lap
Also called a laptop
computer
Generally more
expensive than a desktop
computer
36. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
What is a Tablet PC?
Resembles a l tt
R
bl
letter-sized slate
i d l t
Allows you to write on the
screen using a digital pen
Especially useful for taking
notes
37. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
What are mobile devices?
Small
S ll enough t carry i a
h to
in
pocket
Internet-enabled
telephone is a “smart
p
phone”
38. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
What is a handheld computer?
Small
enough to fit
in one
hand
Used
by mobile
employees such as
meter readers and
delivery people
39. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
What is a personal digital assistant (PDA)?
Provides
P id personal organizer functions
l
i
f
ti
Calendar
Appointment b k
A
i
book
Address book
Calculator
Notepad
40. Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
What are smart phones and smart watches?
A smart phone is
an Internet-enabled
telephone that usually
provides PDA capabilities
A smart watch is
an Internet-enabled
watch th t automatically
t h that t
ti ll
adjusts to time zone changes
and stores personal
information
41. Servers
What types of servers are there?
Midrange server Powerful, large
computer that supports up to a few
thousand computers
Mainframe Very powerful,
expensive computer that supports
thousands of computers
Supercomputer The fastest, most
powerful, most expensive
computer.
computer Used for applications
requiring complex mathematical
calculations
p. 23 Figs. 1-23–1-25
42. Embedded Computers
What is an embedded computer?
A special-purpose computer th t f
i l
t that functions as a
ti
component in a larger product
43. Elements of an Information System
What are information system elements?
Hardware
H d
Software
Data
People
Procedures
45. Examples of Computer Usage
What software is available for a small
office/home office (SOHO) user?
Productivity
software
soft are
Specialty
software
Web usage
E-mail
46. Examples of Computer Usage
What is available for
a mobile user?
bil
?
Hardware
Notebook computers
PDAs
Smart phones
Software
Word
W d processing
i
Spreadsheet
Presentation graphics
software
47. Examples of Computer Usage
What are the needs of a power user?
Speed d large amounts of storage
S d and l
t f t
Types of power users
Engineers
Scientists
Architects
Desktop publishers
Graphic artists
49. Computer Applications in Society
What are some examples
of computer applications
f
t
li ti
in society?
Education
Ed
ti
Finance
Government
Healthcare
Science
Publishing
Travel
Industry
50. Summary of Introduction to Computers
The importance of computer literacy
The term, computer
System software and
S t
ft
d
application software
Categories of computers
C t
i
f
t
The components of a computer
The advantages and disadvantages
of using computers
Elements of an information system
Types of computer users
The purpose of a network
The uses of the Internet
and World Wide Web
Computer applications in society
