2. DOORS
The doors play a very important role while designing an interior. It adds to the aesthetic view of the house
and provides lighting and ventilation to various rooms in the house. It also acts as noise barrier when there
are chances of too much noise outside of the house. The doors are used to manage the physical
atmosphere inside a room, so that heating or cooling of interiors may become more effective.
In any interior, the doors play an important role:
• They make it possible to separate the rooms from each other;
• Have an influence on the overall impression of the living and other space.
A door is an element regulating something which is essential to
architecture and interiors, the transition, the movement from one space
to an other.
As such it deserves attention.
3. INSTALLING DOOR FRAMES
Frames which are improperly built-in can cause problems later, when the plastering is done or the
doors are hung. Therefore we must give special attention to setting the frames properly . A door
frame should be fixed in such a way that the door can open flat to the wall. Otherwise, the door will
form a lever to the frame, and the hinges will be forced out when the door swings wide open
suddenly. Door frames can be fixed in position either during themasonry construction or after the
walling has been completed.
4. CLASSIFICATION OF DOORS:
CONSIDERING MATERIALS USED
WOODEN DOORS
ALUMINIUM DOORS
UPVC DOORS
COMPOSITE DOORS
CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM
AND USAGE
SLIDING DOORS
SWINGING DOORS
REVOLVING DOORS
FOLDING DOORS
SHUTTER DOORS
HINGED DOORS
5. Advantages of Wooden Doors:
Wood is a material that is easy to
work.
Solid wooden panel PVC glass
is eco-friendly, soundproof,
waterproof (suitable for coastal
areas).
We can use it as a security door,
entry door or a revolving door.
A wooden door has simple
installation, smooth surface,
sculpture, and durability.
Disadvantages of Wooden Doors:
However, the wooden door has some
disadvantages too. These are :
It needs care and maintenance to keep
performing at its peak.
A wooden door should be polished
before installation, otherwise, it might
absorb moisture.
A wooden door may expand or contract
with change in climate.
CONSIDERING MATERIALS USED:
WOODEN DOORS
7. Advantages of Aluminium Doors:
Easy installation.
Having windstorm resistant
component, it can be as
as a wooden door.
It is sturdy with various designs
patterns
Chemical resistant.
Using paints, it can last for a
time.
Disadvantages of Aluminium Doors:
Aluminium doors will oxidate. This
oxidation will appear as a white residue
and pitting (cavity).
Aluminium can be water stained easily.
It can corrode quickly if suitable
precautions against electrolysis are not
taken.
Welding of aluminium requires specialised
equipment and training compared to
standard welding of steel.
CONSIDERING MATERIALS USED:
ALUMINIUM DOORS
8. PRICE:
SINGLE LEAF: 180 RS/SQ FT
SLIDING: 400 RS/SQ FT
USE:
OFFICE,WASHROOM
FINISHING:
POWDER COATING,WOODEN FINISH,MATT, GLOSS.
CONSIDERING MATERIALS USED:
ALUMINIUM DOORS
9. Advantages of UPVC Doors
It keeps a home safe and secure
multipoint locking.
Guarantees never to warp, rot or
discolor.
The UPVC door looks good
because of its different color and
sizes.
It is durable and water resistant.
Strong and affordable at the same
time.
It is long lasting and maintenance
free.
It is made of lightweight material.
Disadvantages of UPVC Doors
It is not suitable for front door due to its
lightweight.
They are not weather proof enough like
wooden or aluminium doors.
It doesn’t appear to be attractive due to
its simple plastic look. However they are
available in wide range of colours.
CONSIDERING MATERIALS USED:
UPVC DOORS
11. Advantages of composite doors
Low maintenance
Extremely tough
Looks like wood
Long lifespan
More secure
Disadvantages of UPVC Doors
More costly than some doors
Although they mimic wood, they still not
boast of the natural wood texture.
CONSIDERING MATERIALS USED:
COMPOSITE DOORS
PRICE:
VARIES WITH THE TYPE OF
MATERIALS USED
USE:
EXTERIOR DOORS
FINISHES:
HUGE VARIETY OF COLOUR FINISHES
FROM, WOODGRAIN EFFECT
ROSEWOOD, GOLDEN OAK AND
MAHOGANY AS WELL AS A WIDE
SELECTION OF CONTEMPORARY SOLID
COLOURS SUCH AS CLASSIC WHITE, GREY,
RED AND BLACK.
13. CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM AND USAGE
FOLDING DOORS SHUTTER DOORS HINGED DOORS
ROLLING SHUTTER DOOR
COLLAPSIBLE SHUTTER DOOR
14. WINDOWS
A WINDOW is also a vented barrier secured in a wall opening. The function of the window is to admit
light and air to the building and to give a view to the outside.
15. INSTALLING WINDOW FRAMES
Installing window frames is similar to installing doorframes (see Door Frames section). A
window frame should be fixed in such a way that the casement can open flat to the wall,
otherwise the casement will form a lever with the edge of the wall. This can cause the hinges
to be forced out when the window is blown open by the wind . Window frames can be
installed either during the construction of the walls, or after the walling has been completed.
16. CLASSIFICATION OF WINDOWS:
CONSIDERING MATERIALS
USED:
UPVC Windows
Aluminium Windows
Wooden Windows
CONSIDERING MECHANISM
AND USAGE:
Fixed windows
Sliding windows
Double hung windows
Louvered windows
Casement windows
Hopper windows
Bay windows
Bow windows
Dormer windows
Clerestory windows
Ventilators
Skylights
Awning windows
Transoms
17. PRU PRICE :
FIXED - 300- 350 RS/SQ FT
CASEMENT: SINGLE OPENING + FIX - 400 RS/SQ FT
SINGLE OPENING - 650-700 RS/SQ FT
SLIDING : 2 TRACK - 500 RS/SQ FT
3 TRACK - 650 RS/SQ FT
FINISH : IVORY, WOODEN TEXTURE( UPTO 73 TEXTURES
AVAIBLE)
LIFE :30 YEARS
FEATURES OF UPVC : Rigid and durable; does not flex; fire-resistant;
recyclable
CONSIDERING MATERIAL USED:
UPVC WINDOWS
19. CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM AND USAGE
FIXED WINDOW
Pros:
• Affordable.
• Low Maintenance.
• Easy Installation.
• The most energy-efficient type of window.
• No curtains and blinds required for a majestic outside view.
Cons:
• No ventilation
20. CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM AND USAGE
SLIDING WINDOWS
Pros:
• Affordable.
• Easy to install.
• Low-maintenance.
• Suitable for narrow outside spaces.
• Complements classic and modern architectures.
• Energy-efficient.
• Durable and long-lasting.
Cons:
• Since these windows, does not swivel inwards or outwards,
cleaning the outside part (especially in upper floors) can be
challenging).
21. CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM AND USAGE
DOUBLE HUNG WINDOWS
Pros:
• Very easy to own and comes in many designs and built
which matches every architectural design.
• Easy maintenance since both the upper and lower stashes
can be manipulated to allow ventilation inside.
• Like the single hung window type, it is perfect for narrow
outside spaces.
• Affordable.
• Energy-efficient
Cons:
• Limited ventilation.
• Depending on the materials and functionality, this type of
window is not as airtight as other window types in the
market.
22. CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM AND USAGE
LOUVERED WINDOWS
Pros
• Provides proper ventilation
• Has a complimentary design
• Can maintain airflow during storms and rains with its slanted
design.
Con: Not as secure as other window types.
23. CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM AND USAGE
CASEMENT WINDOWS
Pros:
• Excellent for ventilation.
• Easy and low maintenance.
• Good quality insulation.
• Comes in variety of designs, sizes, and materials.
Cons:
• Difficult to use with window screens since it usually cranks
outwards.
• Not very secure.
• Size limitations.
24. CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM AND USAGE
HOPPER WINDOWS
Pros:
• Easy to access and operate.
• Energy-efficient.
• Excellent insulation
• Great for narrow outside spaces since it opens inward the
house.
• Easy and low maintenance.
Cons:
• Tends to limit room space (opens inwards).
• Possibility of water entry.
• limits privacy.
25. CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM AND USAGE
BAY WINDOWS
Pros:
• Adds space and aesthetic touch to your room.
• Gives an enhanced panoramic view of the outside.
• Can instantly transform the look of your house by adding an
elegant touch.
Cons:
• Can possibly block narrow outside space.
• Replacement and maintenance is costly.
26. CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM AND USAGE
BOW WINDOWS
Pros:
• Most elegant window design.
• Gives a panoramic view.
• Adds space to the interior.
Cons:
• Costly.
• Difficult to clean.
• Not for people who don't want "extra light and heat" inside
the room.
27. CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM AND USAGE
DORMER WINDOWS
Pros:
• increase the head height space in the uppermost levels of a
structure.
• These windows allow ample natural light and air to filter into
the room resulting in improved ventilation.
• The windows enhance both the internal and external
character of your home
Cons:
• The complexity involved in construction of the windows
discourages some from installation
• Installation of rooftop windows is quite costly due to the high
level of technical knowledge involved.
• If neglected, they can easily develop damages and other
structural problems. Air leakage and infiltration of moisture
will result.
28. CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM AND USAGE
CLERESTORY WINDOWS
If the rooms in a building are of different ceiling heights,
clerestory windows are provided for the room which has
greater ceiling height than the other rooms. The shutters
able to swing with the help of cord over pulleys. These
also enhances the beauty of building.
29. CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM AND USAGE
VENTILATORS
Ventilators are provided for the purpose of ventilation in the
room. They are provided at greater height than windows nearer
to roof level. It is in very small size. Horizontally pivoted shutters
are provided for ventilators. Sometimes shutter is replaced by
wired mesh, in this case sunshade is provided to prevent
against rain water.
30. CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM AND USAGE
SKYLIGHT
Pros
• Brightens dark areas with natural sunlight
• Provides indirect solar light
• Aesthetically pleasing and compliments well with any interior
Cons
• Expensive to install and maintain
• Can sometimes cause roof leaks
• Can potentially dame roof structurally
31. CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM AND USAGE
AWNING WINDOWS
Pros:
• Saves energy.
• Provides good insulation.
• Prevents snow and rain from entering the room.
Cons:
• Difficult to clean the outer portion of the window pane.
32. CONSIDERING THE MECHANISM AND USAGE
TRANSOMS
Pros:
• Great for beautifying your home while allowing natural light
to enter.
• Provides good ventilation and insulation.
Cons:
• Difficult to clean.
