Windows and Doors

1. Windows and Doors
Group 3
Dinco, Gamaliel John
Dumlao, Hannah
Esguerra, Trina Leigh
Galo, Shayne
Geda, Jamila
Geron, Kristel
Guardian, Olivia Marie
Gulfan, Kimberly
Luzano, Aubrey

2. Windows
Sizes and Details

3. General Design Requirements
Room Window Area (in m²) Percentage
Room in dwellings 11 16
Ancillary rooms and
corridors
7 10
Offices and Workshops 15 25
Exhibition Halls 25 35
Conference Halls and
Lecture Rooms
20 25
Store rooms 10 12

4. Criteria for Designing Windows
 Must afford the occupant adequate natural lighting
 Must afford adequate visibility to the exterior
 Quality and profile of the components must afford
satisfactory protection
 Must offer protection against burglary and intrusion of human
beings and animals
 Operation of moving parts must not endanger the safety of
users

5.  Must promote hygienic conditions
 Must provide acoustic and thermal insulation (depends on
special climatic condition
 Must facilitate the replacement of parts
 General maintenance must not be expensive

6. Structural Components of Window
a. Cover Fillet
b. Lintel
c. Head of Frame
d. Frame
e. Light
f. Sash
g. Bottom rail
h. Transom
i. Mullion
j. Jamb of aperture
k. Sill
l. Window board
m. Top rail of sash
n. Light
o. Glazing bar
p. Dividing member
q. Stile
r. Sash
s. Bead
t. Weather moulding
u. Flashing
v. Condensation gutter
w. apron

7. Methods of Window Openings
 Class I
(a)Fixed Windows
used in rooms with airconditioning

8.  Class II
(a) Single-action Windows

9.  Class III
(a) Bascule Window
(i) Center-hung (fig. 90)
(ii) High-hung (fig. 91)
(iii) Low-hung (fig. 92)

10. (b) Pivoting Windows
(i) Center-hung (fig. 93)
(ii) Offset- hung (fig. 94)

11.  Class IV
Horizontally Sliding Windows
 Class V
Vertically Sliding Windows
 Composite-action Windows
(a) Sliding-axis horizontally hinged casement window, top-hung (fig. 95)
(b) Sliding-axis vertically hinged casement window, bottom-hung (fig. 96)

12. Window Types

13. Doors
Sizes and Details

14. Width Measurements
The width of the door must be related to the functions for
which the door has to perform.
 Standard width for interior doors for low-cost housing: 70 cm
 Service door: 75 cm
 Front Door: 80-90 cm
 Bathroom Door: 60-65 cm

15. Height Measurements
 Height of door is related to normal human height
 Standard Height for normal human height: 170 cm (+20 cm
for taller people)
 Standard height of internal doors for low-cost housing: 190-
210 cm
 Entrance Door: 200- 220 cm

16. Representation of Doors
 Elevation with nominal measurements and specifitcation of
type
 Indication of heaight from floor to lintel
 Direction of operation
 Type of fittings

17. Specification of Doors Types
Type Height (cm) Width (cm) Characteristics
A 225 90 Glazed
B 225 80 Part-glazed
C 210 70 Flush
D 210 65 Flush with Ventilation

18. Types of Doors
(a) Flush Door
A. Solid Flush Door
B. Flush Door with small light
(height smaller than width)
C. Flush door with large light
(height larger than width)

19. (b) Panelled Door
A, B, C. Panels of equal sizes
D, E. Panels of diferrent sizes

20. Bi-fold Doors
Offers a small
concertina-like
effect

21. French Doors
Has an ability
to‘open up’
a space and
create big entry
or exit.

22. Stable Doors
For controlling
pets or children,
for instance.

23. Sliding Doors
Makes excellent
use of space.

24. Tilt Doors
Usually used
for garage
or sheds.

25. Roller Doors
Generally takes
up less space
than tilt doors.

26. Security Screen Doors
Offers extra layer of
protection, ventilation,
and sunlight if
needed.

27. Functional Aspects of Doors
and Windows

28. Things to consider
 Designer must know the atmospheric condition
 Designer must simplify manufacturing operations
 Designer must give the design of doors and windows showing
height, shape, and openings
 Must made a simple design that would not consume so much
time making
 Design must give exact definitions

29. Reference
 The Pre-fabricatiom of Wooden woods and Windows, Dept. of Ecomnomic and
social Affairs; New York 1973
 Building Construction Illustrated Secon Edition, Francis D.K. Ching, Cassandra
Adams
 Build (Australia); Types of Doors