concept of jaina darshana is explained here. detail description of jaina darshana.

1. DAARSHANIKA SIDDHANTA
Concepts in Jaina Darshan
PRESENTER
Dr. Shruthi Panambur
Final year PG scholar
Dept of PG studies in Ayurveda
Samhita and Siddhanta
Sri Sri College of Ayurvedic
Science & Research hospital
GUIDED BY
Dr. Sri Nagesh K.A
Professor & HOD
Dept Of PG Studies In Ayurveda Samhita And
Siddhanta
Sri Sri College Of Ayurvedic Science & Research
Hospital
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2. CONTENT
• Introduction
• Review on literature
• Discussion
• Conclusion
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3. Introduction
• Darshanas are the part of Indian philosophy, evaluated along with creation and
developed during the period of Upanishads.
• Darshana include all science, physical, mental, intellectual and spiritual.
• Darshanas means is to see or look at and it is the collections of thoughts and doctrines
propounded by the different school of thoughts about the creation of universe.
• Among darshanas jaina darshana is one and it is one among aasthika naasthika darshana.
It accepts the existence of aatma and purvajanma but does not accept the authenticity of
vedas. Jaina darshana propagates ahimsa
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4. Jaina Darshana
• Nirukti
• जैन- जज- जये+नक
्
“ रागद्वेषाजिमनोजिकाराञ्जयतीजत जजनः, जजन एि उपास्य िेिताऽस्येजत जैनः” (bharateeya darshana)
the person who try to win over the worldly bondage(raaga dwesha) and
renunciate the worldly enjoyment , the group that is followed is known as “jain”.
It is also called aarhata darshana
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5. Arhat and Teerthankara
• अर्हत्
• सिहज्ञो जजतरागाजििोषस्त्रैलोक्यपूजजतः।
यथास्थथताथहिाजि च िेिोऽर्हत् प्रमेश्वरः॥(sarva darshana Sangraha)
those who knows everything and has control over raga, dvesha, krodha etc. who
are worshipped by all in the universe are called Arhat / parameshwara.
• तीथहङ्कर
• तरजत संसारमर्ार्हिं येन तत्तीथहम्, तं करोतीजत तीथहङ्करः||(bhaarateeya darshana)
Those who have control over raagadi Shareera shatru and travelled all over the life.
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6. 24 Teerthankara
1. Rishabhanaath
2. Ajitanaath
3. Sambhavanaatha
4. Abhinandana
5. Sumatinaatha
6. Padmaprabha
7. Supaarshvanaatha
8. Chandraprabha
9. Suvidhinaatha
10. Sheetalanaatha
11. Shreyaamsanaatha
12. Vaayupoojya
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13.Vimalanaatha
14.Anantanaatha
15.Dharmanaatha
16.Shaantinaatha
17.Kunthunaatha
18.Aranaatha
19.Mallinaatha
20.Munisavrata
21.Naabhinaatha
22.Neminaatha
23.Paarshvanaatha
24.Vardhamaana mahaaveera

7. Types
• भुङ्क
् ते न क
े िली न स्त्री मोक्षमेजत जिगम्बरः॥
प्राहुरेषामयं भेिो मर्ान् श्वेताम्बरैः सर् ॥(sarvadharshana sangeaha)
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श्वेताम्बर:- who knows everything and has food, and believes
even stree gets moksha, wears white cloths
जिगम्बरः- who does not eat, knows everything and believes
stree will not attain moksha, will not wear cloths.

8. Jnaana
• Knowing about chetana is jnaana according to jaina darshana. It is obtained
naturally when the chetana is vishaya mukta. But due to saamsarika bandana the
jnaana will not establish.
• परोक्ष प्रत्यक्ष
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• अिजि
• मनः पयाहय
• क
े िल
• मजत
• श्रुजत
• स्मृजत
• प्रत्यजभज्ञा
• तक
ह
• अनुमान
• आगम

9. Syaat vaada or Anekaanta vaada or Sapta bhangi naya
• एको भािः सिहथा येन दृष्टः सिे भािाः सिहथा तेन दृष्टाः।
सिे भािाः सिहथा येन दृष्टा एको भािः सिहथा तेन दृष्टः॥(shad darshana samucchaya)
सप्तभंगी नय
1. स्यात् अस्ि
2. स्यान्नास्ि
3. स्यािस्ि नास्ि
4. स्यािितव्यो
5. स्यािस्ि चाितव्य
6. स्यान्नास्ि चाितव्य
7. स्यािस्ि च नास्ि चाितव्य
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10. Sapta padaartha/sapta tatva
• जीि- living creature
• अजीि- non living creature
• आस्रि तत्व - influx of matter into aatma(the activities of the creatures that attracts)
by the yoga of tana, mana, vachana.
• बन्ध तत्व - attachment or bondage to aatma – prakruthi bandha, sthiti bandha,
anubhava bandha, pravesha bandha
• संिरतत्व-prevention of influx. Control over raga, dwesha, moha etc.
• जनजहरा तत्व- separation of the bondage
• मोक्ष तत्व- complete liberation of aatma. Also it is called nirvaana
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11. Dravya
• Dravya has उत्पजत्त स्थथजत जिनष्ट.
• It is of two types jeeva and ajeeva
• jeeva-
dvirindriya, tririndriya, chaturindriyapanchendriya
naaraka, maanushya, tiryancha (pashu pakshi), deva(tatvaarthadhigama
sootra)
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12. Dravya
Ajeeva- pudgala, dharma, adharma, aakaasha, kaala
Pudgala(anu, sangaata)- things which is continuously changing by the process of
supplementation or disintegration.
It is formed from paramaanu, so it is divided into dvayanuka, trayanuka etc.
Combination are called sangaata or sknadha- ati sthoola(stones, mountains),
sthoola(jala, taila, ghrita), sthoola sookshma(prakaash, andhakaara,chaaya),
sookshma sthoola(varna, roopa, rasa, gandha, sparsha), sookshma(dvayanuka).
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13. Aachaara
• रत्न त्रय-
सम्यक
् िर्हन- the right faith/shraddha
सम्यक
् ज्ञान- right knowledge
सम्यक
् चररत्र- right conduct are done by panmahaa vrata, samiti, gupti, dharma,
anupreksha, parishahajaya, charitra
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14. Pancha maha vrata
• अजर्ंस - not to hurt any living being by action or thoughts
• सत्य- not to lie or speak what is not commendable
• अिेय- not to take anything if not given
• ब्रह्मचयह- celibacy in action, words and thought
• अपररग्रर्- detachment from material property
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15. Pancha samiti
• Samiti means living by exercising a restraint or discipline over actions that are
essential to lead our lives
• ईयाह सजमजत- limit in movement
• भाषा सजमजत- limit in speech
• एषर् सजमजत- limit of articles
• आिानजनक्षेप सजमजत- limit in respect of receiving and keeping the necessary things
• उत्सगह सजमजत – limit in respect of throwing away articles.
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16. Tri gupti
• Gupti – restraining or concealing
• काय गुस्प्त- restraint of the body
• िाग्गुस्प्त -restraint of the speech
• मनोगुस्प्त- restraint of the mind
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17. Dasha dharma lakshana
• Kshama
• Maardava
• Aarjava
• Shaucha
• Samyama
• Satya
• Tapa
• Tyaaga
• Akinchana
• Brahmacharya
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18. Pareeshaya jaya
• There are 22 factors which all should over win they are
• Hunger, thirst, sheeta, taapa, damshamashaka, nagnata, arati, stree, charya,
nishadha, shipya, aakrosha, vadha, begging, alaabha, roga, trunasarsha, mala,
satkaara, pragna, ajnaana, adarshana. (tatvaarthaadigama sootra)
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19. Guna - sthaana
• The stages from the false belief to pure knowledge, which will lead to enlightened
stage(siddhi) that is spiritual development are called guna sthaana.
• It is of 14 stages-
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• Mithyaatva/viveka heenata
• Granthi bheda- knows difference between
sat and asat
• Mishri – in between true and false
knowledge
• Avirata – continuous effort to know the
true knowledge
• Desha virata- the stage of partial self
control
• Pramatta – slightly imperfect vows
• Apramatta – perfect vows
• Apoorva karana-new thought activity
• Anivrutti karana- advanced thought
activity
• Sookshma saamparaaya-slightest delusion
• Upashaanta moha- subsided delusion
• Ksheena moha- destroyed delusion
• Samyoga kevali – omniscience with
vibration
• Ayoga kevali- the stage of omniscience
without any activity.

20. Siddhaatma
• Those who are enlightened are called siddhaatma, who are considered as the
guide.
• They are five –
1. Teerthankara
2. Arhat
3. Aachaarya
4. Upaadhyaaya
5. Saadhuvarga
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21. Discussion
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22. Sapta padaartha/sapta tatva
• जीि, अजीि, आस्रि तत्व, बन्ध तत्व, संिरतत्व, जनजहरा तत्व, मोक्ष तत्व
• Here dravya are classified into jeeva and ajeeva
• Here the knowledge of sapta padartha is essential for the liberation of aatma
(moksha).
• The kaarana for janma, not getting moksha are aasrava and banda
• The kaarana for moksha are samvara and nirjara
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23. Siddhanta
• Namakarana Siddhanta –
Nirukti of jaina, pudgala, arhat, teerthankara, ratna traya
• Kaarya – kaarana siddhanta
Karma is kaarana for birth(kaarya)
Karma vimukti from vishaya is kaarana for moksha(kaarya)
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24. Pramaana
• Jaina darshana believes that obtaining the jnaana without the help of external
vishaya is prathyaksha.
• Because they believe that getting the aatma jnaana for the purpose of moksha is
prathyaksha. Other than that all are paroksha jnaana.
• That is the application of the jnaana obtained by the scriptures or aagama is done
because the karma is responsible for punarjanma.
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25. Vaada
• Syaat vaada/ anekanta vaada
They believe jnaana is of two types, one is to know about the thing as it is and other
is to see the thing in a different angles to understand that in proper and detail way
and to get the true knowledge.
• Parinaama vaada
Parinaama takes place in pudgala, dravya has utpatti, stiti and naasha.
Anu and sanghata form of pudgala is due to parinaama
Kaala is always a kaarana for parinaama
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26. Vishesha parakarana
• Shrishti utpatti according to jaina darshana is unknown antiquity. They believe
that there will be no destruction of sat and from asat nothing will produce and here
eeshwara is asat which is not responsible for shrishti utpatti which is a kaarya.
• Jaina darshana believe teerthankaras as eeshwara who guides them the path for
moksha. Who is in siddhi avastha(enlightened stage)
Ahimsa is the main for moksha.
• Pudgala can be considered as maha bhuta that is vaayu, agni, jala, prithvi.
Aakaasha is mentioned separately.
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27. Vishesha parakarana
• Mainly believing, attaining knowledge and following it properly is reason for
moksha.
• Restraining the bad activities and doing good activities which is related to vaak,
kaaya, mana explained.
• The 14 stages of guna sthaana refers to the stages of manas from tamasika dosha
heading towards saatvika guna which will lead to moksha.
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28. Similarities between Jaina darshana and Ayurveda
• Apthopadesha, prathyaksha, anumana are accepted
• Sadvritha explained in ayurveda and following aachara by jaina has similarities.
That is control over vaak, kaaya mana is mainly mentioned in both
• Both believes aatma and paramaatma
• Ultimate aim of janma is moksha
• Paramaanu is accepted by both
• Karma and karma phala are belived
• Believes in punarjanma
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29. Disimilarities between Jaina darshana and Ayurveda
Jaina darshana
Naastika darshana
Believe in theerthankara as god
Saptha padaartha
Three ratna for moksha
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Ayurveda
Aastika darshana
Believe in paramaatma as god
Shad padhaartha
To attain moksha the charyas are
explained in charaka Shareera sthaana

30. Conclusion
• Jaina darshana, main aim is moksha praapti is attained by understanding sapta padaartha.
Restraining from bad activities and following good things, vaachika, kaayika, maanasika
is the method similar to sadvritha explained in ayurveda.
• Kaarya kaarana Siddhanta is explained by anekanta vaada which gives the liberty to look
into the matter in all accepts, that is well applied in ayurveda in the explaining shrishti
uppatti, vikalpa samprati, many nidaana to produce vyaadhi, yukti pramana.
• By naming the word pudgala and its anu and sanghata form explains the parinaaama
vaada.
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31. Conclusion
• Importance of namakarana Siddhanta is seen in jaina, ratna traya, arhat,
teerthankara
• Pramaana are explained for aatma jnaana. The knowledge that is obtained by
baahya indriya are called paroksha and without baahya indrya the knowledge is
called prathyaksha.
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