An object is placed at the focal point of a converging lens- In a sepa.docx

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An object is placed at the focal point of a converging lens. In a separate system, an object is placed at the focal point of a diverging lens. Which of the following statements are true? For the converging lens, an upright image will appear at the focal point of the lens on the opposite side. For the converging lens, an inverted image will appear at the focal point of the lens on the opposite side. For the converging lens, no image will appear as the rays leaving the lens will be parallel to each other. For the diverging lens, an upright image will appear on the same side of the lens as the object. For the diverging lens, an upright image will appear on the opposite side of the lens as the object. For the diverging lens, no image will appear as the rays leaving the lens will be parallel to each other. Solution For the converging lens ,no image will appear as the rays leaving the lens will be parallel to each other . For the diverging lens,an upright image will appear on the same side of the lens as object. .

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Microscopes and telescopes both consist of two converging lenses contained in a tube. What is the difference in set-up of the two lenses between a microscope and a telescope? The rearview mirror on a truck warns the user that objects may be closer than they appear. What kind of mirror is being used, and why was that type selected? Why does a clear stream always appear to be shallower than it actually is? Discuss the type of aberration involved in each of the following situations. (i) The edges of the image appear reddish. (ii) The image cannot be clearly focused. A baby fish has his eyesight tested and is found to be myopic. His father wants to make a set of glasses to correct for this problem. Since fish live under water, the father fish will make the glasses out of a very thin clear plastic bag which is filled with air (n = 1.000). What type of lens does the fish need to make? What shape should the lens be? What is the wavelength of yellow light? Solution In refracting telescopes, there are typically two convex lenses. One lens acts as the objective lens: this lens gathers light from faraway objects and forms a real, inverted image of the object at its focal point. A second lens, called the eyepiece, is positioned such that the image formed by the objective lens is at its focal point. When an observer looks through the eyepiece with a relaxed eye, they are able to see an object of the image, formed at infinity. Microscopes are used to look at magnified images of small objects. A simple microscope (a “magnifying glass”) consists of a single convex lens. The lens is held close to the object so that the object is between the lens and its focal point. When viewed from the other side of the lens, a magnified, virtual, upright image is seen. The compound microscope is the most common type of microscope used in laboratories. With these microscopes, an objective lens is used to create an inverted, real image of the object. Using the eyepiece, the image is magnified. In this sense, its operating principles are similar to that of a refracting telescope. The rear view mirror is a convex mirror which forms a virtual and erect image of the object which is smaller in length than the object. Because the image formed is smaller in length, it appears to be farther away and hence, the warning written on it. This is because of the phenomenon of refraction of light as it crosses the medium of water(refractive index greater than that of air). As the light ray travels from water(denser medium) to air(rarer medium), the light ray bends away from the normal and the image of the bottom of the stream seems to be raised and hence, the stream appears to be shallower. a) In optics, chromatic aberration (CA, also called chromatic distortion, and spherochromatism) is an effect resulting from dispersion in which there is a failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same convergence point. It occurs because lenses have different refractive indices for differentwavelength.

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An IP datagram has arrived with the following information in the header(hex): 45000054 00030000 2006... A.) What is the header size? B.) Are there any options in the packet? C.)What is the size of the data? D.)Is the packet fragmented? E.)How many more routers can the packet travel to? F.)What is the protocol number of the payload being carried by the packet? Solution Answer: We have given IP datagram derived with the information in Hex : 45000054 00030000 2006 Now , here we divide this information as the following : A) Size of the header = 5 x 4 bytes = 20 Bytes B) No, As you can see above C) Length of the data = Total Length - HLEN = 84 - 20 = 64 Bytes D) Yes E) 32 Hops , so 32 routers . The last router will discard the datagram. .

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An Institutional Review Board (IRB) is concerned with how human participants in an evaluation are treated and how the collected data is analyzed and stored. Not every country has IRBs. Provide your opinion on how studies conducted in countries with no IRBs should be perceived. Suggest whether or not data collected during those studies would be reliable. Justify your response. (250+ words) Solution Biomedical research has made remarkable advances over the past century; as a result, ethics in clinical research is of more concern than ever before. There was little public dispute over the ethics of biomedical research until the 1960s, when scandals appeared to erupt worldwide and were opened to the public . There have been many responses to these scandals including recognition of the need for standards and guidelines in the ethics of clinical research. The growing necessity for ethics in clinical research has raised concerns related to controversial issues in the processing of the formal mechanism known as the IRB. There exist various perspectives in special topics with or without consensus. This paper first introduces historically evoked scandals and responses, and then identifies key ethical issues and insights, with topics limited by space constraint. Selected debates are intended as a guide to the ethical issues confronted by physicians and researchers. Research ethics is an essential part of good research practice to protect participants in clinical studies. It is our optimistic belief that these challenging issues will be resolved through a consensus in the future. It is also my hope that this review provides an idea of the ethical framework to those investigators and anesthesiologists who will need to meet the challenges of changing patterns of research circumstances. Potential failures of the system: Problems with collaborative research at Harvard School of Public Health: Problems with collaborative research at UCLA: .

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An economy is characterized by the following behavioral equations: C = 100 + .8 Y D I = 100 G = 200 T = .25 Y Solve for each of the following. Show your calculations. Equilibrium GDP ( Y ) Disposable income ( Y D ) Consumption spending ( C ) Private saving Public saving Suppose government spending increases by 10 (?G=10). By how much will GDP change? (?Y=?) Solution C = 100 + .8 Y D I = 100 G = 200 T = .25 Y At equilibrium: Y=C+I+G Y=100+0.8(Y-T)+100+200 Y=100+0.8(Y-.25Y)+300 Y=400+0.6Y 0.4Y=400 Y=1000 Yd=Y-T Yd=1000-0.25 x 1000 Yd=750 C=100+0.8Yd C=100+0.8x 750 C=700 In equilibrium I+G=S+T 100+200=S+250 S=50 Public savings: S=T-G S=250-200 S=50 Private saving= Y-T-C 1000-250-700 =50 If G increases by 10, then G=210. Y=410+0.4Y Y=1025 GDP will increase by 25. Hence a 10 increase in government spending will increase GDP by 25. Government expenditure Multiplier= 25/10=0.25 .

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