This document describes an Arduino-based automatic irrigation system that uses soil moisture sensors and a GSM module to control watering and send alerts. The system measures soil moisture levels and turns a water pump on or off to efficiently deliver water. It displays status on an LCD and sends text messages to notify the user when watering starts or stops. This helps reduce water waste and increase crop productivity for Indian agriculture, which is an important economic sector.

1. Arduino Based Automatic Irrigation
System With Message Alert
Submitted to :
Mr. Rajesh Bathija
Submitted By :
1.Rahul Kayamkhani
2.Shubham Jain
3.Rahul Suthar
4.Mukul Swami
Project mentor:
Mrs. Ritu Vyas

2. Contents
• Why?
• Introduction
• Required components
• Working explanation
• Block diagram
• Circuit diagram
• Conclusion

3. WHY?
• India is mainly an agricultural country.
• Agriculture plays vital role in the development contributes about
16% of total GDP and 10% of total exports.
• According to UN Food and Agriculture organization 60 percent of
water pumped for irrigation is wasted.
• In regard to save water and time we have proposed project titled
Arduino based automatic irrigation system.
• By using Internet technology and sensor network technology we
can control water wastage.
• It can greatly improve the utilization of water and can increase
water productivity.

4. INTRODUCTION
• We have created a system using Arduino to measure the moisture
level of plant and to efficiently deliver water to it.
• In this proposed system, we are using soil moisture sensor that
sense the parameters of the soil.
• Based on soil moisture value land is automatically irrigated by
ON/OFF of the motor.
• These sensed parameters and motor status will be displayed on
user android application.
• Arduino is used for controlling the whole process and GSM module
is used for sending alert messages to user on his Cellphone.

5. REQUIRED COMPONENTS
• Arduino Uno
• Soil Moisture Sensor
• GSM Module
• Relay 12v
• 16x2 LCD
• Transistor BC547 (2)
• Connecting wires
• Water cooler pump
• Resistors (1k, 10k)
• Voltage Regulator IC LM317
• Power supply 12v 1A

6. ARDUINO
• Arduino is used for controlling
whole the process of
this Automatic Plant Watering
System.
• The output of soil sensor
circuit is directly connected to
digital pin D7 of Arduino.
• A LED is used at the sensor
circuit, this LED’s ON state
indicates the presence of
moisture in the soil and OFF
state indicates the absence of
moisture in the soil.

7. MOISTURE SENSOR
• Uses two probes to pass current
through the soil and then reads
the resistance to get the
moisture level.
• Power: 3.3 V or 5 V
• Output voltage signal: 0-4.2 V
• Current: 35 mA

8. GSM MODULE
• Here we have used TTL SIM800 GSM
module.
• The SIM800 is a complete Quad-band
GSM/GPRS Module which can be
embedded easily by customer or
hobbyist.
• The design of this SIM800 GSM Module
is slim and compact.

9. RELAY
• A 12V Relay is used to control the
220VAC small water pump.
• The relay is driven by a BC547
Transistor which is further
connected to digital pin 11 of
Arduino.
• An optional LCD is also used for
displaying status and messages.

10. LCD
• Stands for “Liquid Crystal Display”
• A 16x2 LCD means it can display
16 characters per line and there
are 2 such lines.
• In 16x2 LCD each character
is displayed in a 5×7 pixel matrix.
• works on the principle of
blocking light rather than emitting light.

11. WORKING EXPLANATION
• First of all, it is a Completely Automated System . Arduino is used
for controlling the whole process and GSM module is used for
sending alert messages to user on his Cellphone
• If moisture is present in soil then there is conduction between the
two probes of Soil Moisture sensor and due to this conduction,
transistor Q2 remains in triggered/on state and Arduino Pin D7
remains Low. When Arduino reads LOW signal at D7, then it sends
SMS to user about “Soil Moisture is Normal. Motor turned OFF” and
water pump remains in Off state.
• Now if there is no Moisture in soil then Transistor Q2 becomes Off
and Pin D7 becomes High. Then Arduino reads the Pin D7 and turns
On the water motor and also sends message to user about “Low
Soil Moisture detected. Motor turned ON”. Motor will
automatically turn off when there is sufficient moisture in the soil.

12. BLOCK DIAGRAM

13. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

14. Conclusion
• So with this Automatic Irrigation System, you
don’t need to worry about your plants when
you are away from your home. It can be further
enhanced to be operated and monitored over
the internet.