OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) is reference model for how applications can communicate over a network. A reference model is a conceptual framework for understanding relationships.In the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) communications model, the Network layer knows the address of the neighboring nodes in the network, packages output with the correct network address information, selects routes and quality of service, and recognizes and forwards to the Transport layer incoming messages for local host domains.It is the third layer, situated in detween transport layerand data-link layer.The network layer is the third level of the Open Systems Interconnection Model (OSI Model) and the layer that provides data routing paths for network communication. Data is transferred in the form of packets via logical network paths in an ordered format controlled by the network layer. The main aim of this layer is to deliver packets from source to destination across multiple links (networks). If two computers (system) are connected on the same link then there is no need for a network layer. It routes the signal through different channels to the other end and acts as a network controller.It also divides the outgoing messages into packets and to assemble incoming packets into messages for higher levels.The Network Layer is responsible for end-to-end (source to destination) packet delivery including routing through intermediate hosts, whereas the Data Link Layer is responsible for node-to-node (hop-to-hop) frame delivery on the same link. Internet Protocol, or IP, is the method that governs how computers share data across the Internet. When one computer sends data, such as an email or a web form, its message gets parsed into small packets that contain the sending computer\'s Internet address, the receiving computer\'s address, and part of the message. Internet Protocol serves several basic functions. The Internet Protocol (IP) is the method or protocol by which data is sent from one computer to another on the Internet. Each computer (known as a host) on the Internet has at least one IP address that uniquely identifies it from all other computers on the Internet. .IP packet headers contain addresses that identify the sending computer and the receiving computer. Routers use this information to guide each packet across communication networks and connect the sending and receiving computers.TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. It is the communication protocol used for Internet and similar networks such as Internet and Extranet. It controls and manages the data transmission over the Internet. It also defines a mechanism through which every computer on the Internet is identified separately. Every computer on the Internet must have this protocol. Solution OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) is reference model for how applications can communicate over a network. A reference model is a conceptual framework for understanding relationships.I.

1. OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) is reference model for how applications can communicate
over a network. A reference model is a conceptual framework for understanding relationships.In
the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) communications model, the Network layer knows the
address of the neighboring nodes in the network, packages output with the correct network
address information, selects routes and quality of service, and recognizes and forwards to the
Transport layer incoming messages for local host domains.It is the third layer, situated in
detween transport layerand data-link layer.The network layer is the third level of the Open
Systems Interconnection Model (OSI Model) and the layer that provides data routing paths for
network communication. Data is transferred in the form of packets via logical network paths in
an ordered format controlled by the network layer. The main aim of this layer is to deliver
packets from source to destination across multiple links (networks). If two computers (system)
are connected on the same link then there is no need for a network layer. It routes the signal
through different channels to the other end and acts as a network controller.It also divides the
outgoing messages into packets and to assemble incoming packets into messages for higher
levels.The Network Layer is responsible for end-to-end (source to destination) packet delivery
including routing through intermediate hosts, whereas the Data Link Layer is responsible for
node-to-node (hop-to-hop) frame delivery on the same link.
Internet Protocol, or IP, is the method that governs how computers share data across the Internet.
When one computer sends data, such as an email or a web form, its message gets parsed into
small packets that contain the sending computer's Internet address, the receiving computer's
address, and part of the message. Internet Protocol serves several basic functions. The Internet
Protocol (IP) is the method or protocol by which data is sent from one computer to another on
the Internet. Each computer (known as a host) on the Internet has at least one IP address that
uniquely identifies it from all other computers on the Internet. .IP packet headers contain
addresses that identify the sending computer and the receiving computer. Routers use this
information to guide each packet across communication networks and connect the sending and
receiving computers.TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. It is
the communication protocol used for Internet and similar networks such as Internet and Extranet.
It controls and manages the data transmission over the Internet. It also defines a mechanism
through which every computer on the Internet is identified separately. Every computer on the
Internet must have this protocol.
Solution
OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) is reference model for how applications can communicate

2. over a network. A reference model is a conceptual framework for understanding relationships.In
the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) communications model, the Network layer knows the
address of the neighboring nodes in the network, packages output with the correct network
address information, selects routes and quality of service, and recognizes and forwards to the
Transport layer incoming messages for local host domains.It is the third layer, situated in
detween transport layerand data-link layer.The network layer is the third level of the Open
Systems Interconnection Model (OSI Model) and the layer that provides data routing paths for
network communication. Data is transferred in the form of packets via logical network paths in
an ordered format controlled by the network layer. The main aim of this layer is to deliver
packets from source to destination across multiple links (networks). If two computers (system)
are connected on the same link then there is no need for a network layer. It routes the signal
through different channels to the other end and acts as a network controller.It also divides the
outgoing messages into packets and to assemble incoming packets into messages for higher
levels.The Network Layer is responsible for end-to-end (source to destination) packet delivery
including routing through intermediate hosts, whereas the Data Link Layer is responsible for
node-to-node (hop-to-hop) frame delivery on the same link.
Internet Protocol, or IP, is the method that governs how computers share data across the Internet.
When one computer sends data, such as an email or a web form, its message gets parsed into
small packets that contain the sending computer's Internet address, the receiving computer's
address, and part of the message. Internet Protocol serves several basic functions. The Internet
Protocol (IP) is the method or protocol by which data is sent from one computer to another on
the Internet. Each computer (known as a host) on the Internet has at least one IP address that
uniquely identifies it from all other computers on the Internet. .IP packet headers contain
addresses that identify the sending computer and the receiving computer. Routers use this
information to guide each packet across communication networks and connect the sending and
receiving computers.TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. It is
the communication protocol used for Internet and similar networks such as Internet and Extranet.
It controls and manages the data transmission over the Internet. It also defines a mechanism
through which every computer on the Internet is identified separately. Every computer on the
Internet must have this protocol.