Integumentary System: PPT + Notes

1. © bluedoor, LLC

2. © bluedoor, LLC

3. LLC
Layers
Skin
bluedoor, of
the
Skin
and
Hypodermis
is
divided
into
two
layers:
-­‐
superficial
epidermis
-­‐
deeper
dermis
-­‐
hypodermis
and/or
subcutaneous
is
deep
in
the
dermis
-­‐
con>nuous
layer
of
adipose
>ssue
that
separates
the
skin
from
deeper
>ssue
©

4. LLC
Layers
Epidermis
bluedoor, of
the
Epidermis
consists
of
four
or
five
(depending
on
body
loca>on)
dis>nct
layers.
-­‐
Kera>nocytes
=
primary
cell
-­‐
func>on
is
to
produce
kera>n
-­‐
con>nually
produced
in
the
deepest
layer,
the
stratum
basale
(only
living
layer)
(avascular)
© -­‐
migrate
toward
the
surface
layer,
the
stratum
corneum
-­‐
Internal
cell
organelles
process
is
when
cells
move
through
each
layer,
die
and
become
kera>nized
-­‐
Old
surface
cells
con>nually
shed
and
make
up
the
majority
of
household
dust
-­‐
Epidermis
is
an
efficient
two-­‐way
barrier,
keeping
out
pathogens
and
preven>ng
loss
of
water
and
vital
body
substances

5. LLC
Structure
Dermis
bluedoor, of
the
Dermis
(called
invagina>on)
-­‐
thickest
layer
of
the
skin
-­‐
consists
of
a
superficial
papillary
layer
-­‐
deep
re>cular
layer
-­‐
composed
of
connec>ve
>ssue
-­‐
rich
in
collagen
-­‐
elas>c
fibers
-­‐
layer
gives
the
skin
strength
and
flexibility
© -­‐
it
has
a
rich
blood
supply
and
is
the
loca>on
of
most
of
the
skin’s
accessory
organs:
hair,
glands,
and
sensory
receptors

6. LLC
Glands
Two
bluedoor, different
types
of
skin
glands:
1. sudoriferous
glands,
which
produce
sweat,
perspira>on
-­‐
Merocrine
(eccrine)
=
water
secre>on
consists
of
salt
and
waste
products
-­‐
cooling
the
body
by
evapora>on
-­‐
Apocrine
sweat
glands
© -­‐
promotes
bacterial
growth
-­‐
responsible
for
body
order
2. sebaceous
glands
that
secrete
an
oil
called
sebum
-­‐
lubricates
the
skin
-­‐
able
to
resist
bacterial
growth

7. LLC
Sensory
bluedoor, Receptors
of
the
Skin
-­‐
dendrites
of
the
sensory
neurons
-­‐
carry
informa>on
to
the
brain
-­‐
Exteroceptors
-­‐
located
in
the
dermis
and
deep
levels
of
epidermis
-­‐
monitor
and
respond
to
s>muli
from
the
external
environment
© -­‐
includes
touch,
pressure,
temperature
for
the
skin
• Interoceptors
-­‐
monitor
internal
body
condi>ons
-­‐
classified
by
structure

8. LLC
Structure
of
the
Hair
-­‐
bluedoor, located
on
most
body
surface
areas
-­‐
epidermis,
melanin
gives
hair
color
©

9. LLC
Structure
of
the
Nail
-­‐
bluedoor, composed
of
dead,
kera>nized
cells
-­‐
hard
-­‐
flat
-­‐
protects
ends
of
fingers
and
toes
©