Solar System and Planets, Astronomy Lesson PowerPoint

1. • order. Mercury Venus Earth Mars Asteroid Belt Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

4. -Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics -Don’t skip pages -Make visuals clear and well drawn.

5. • RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. • BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described and answer required questions neatly. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

10. “I’m so happy to deliver these nachos to you.”

31. • Activity! Drag the planet. – On the next slide teacher to minimize out of slideshow and call upon students and assist them in moving the planets to the correct order.

34. Answer:

35. Mercury

36. • order. Mercury Venus

37. • order. Mercury Venus Earth

38. • order. Mercury Venus Earth Mars

39. • order. Mercury Venus Earth Mars

40. • order. Mercury Venus Earth Mars Asteroid Belt

41. • order. Mercury Venus Earth Mars Asteroid Belt Jupiter

42. • order. Mercury Venus Earth Mars Asteroid Belt Jupiter Saturn

43. • order. Mercury Venus Earth Mars Asteroid Belt Jupiter Saturn Uranus

44. • order. Mercury Venus Earth Mars Asteroid Belt Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

45. • Video Link! The Planets Song – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mnTaAoWs- Mo – (Optional) Each table gets assigned a planet and waves / dance when they hear their name. – One person can be Pluto and acts sad when mentioned.

49. • Everyone hold your pencil / pen at arms length from yourself.

50. • Everyone hold your pencil / pen at arms length from yourself. “Look at the pencil with your right eye and then your left?” “Keep switching.” “What happens?”

51. • Stellar parallax: The apparent movement against the background of more distant stars as the Earth revolves around the Sun.

54. • Stellar parallax: The apparent movement against the background of more distant stars as the Earth revolves around the Sun. The Earth revolves around the Sun Instruments can observe the stellar parallax

55. • Galileo Galilei (1564 -1642) – Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher. – Played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. – His achievements include improvements to the telescope, astronomical observations, and support for Copernicanism.

56. • Galileo Galilei (1564 -1642) – Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher. – Played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. – His achievements include improvements to the telescope, astronomical observations, and support for Copernicanism.

57. • Reproduction of Galileo’s telescope next to a modern day one.

58. • During the time of Galileo the Roman Inquistion believed the Sun and planets revolved around the Earth.

59. • During the time of Galileo the Roman Inquistion believed the Sun and planets revolved around the Earth. – Galileo championed the idea of heliocentrism that the planets evolved around a stationary sun.

60. • During the time of Galileo the Roman Inquistion believed the Sun and planets revolved around the Earth. – Galileo championed the idea of heliocentrism that the planets evolved around a stationary sun. – He was forced to recant his beliefs and spent the rest of his life under house arrest.

61. • During the time of Galileo the Roman Inquistion believed the Sun and planets revolved around the Earth. – Galileo championed the idea of heliocentrism that the planets evolved around a stationary sun. – He was forced to recant his beliefs and spent the rest of his life under house arrest.

62. • During the time of Galileo the Roman Inquistion believed the Sun and planets revolved around the Earth. – Galileo championed the idea of heliocentrism that the planets evolved around a stationary sun. – He was forced to recant his beliefs and spent the rest of his life under house arrest. Recant: To make a formal retraction of a statement or belief to which one has previously committed.

63. • Learn more about the incredibly interesting and important life of Galileo Galilei. – Reading Link: http://www.biography.com/people/galileo- 9305220?page=1 – Video Links: – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rejbk1oJ2xg – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K6AHDhmJXK o

64. • Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543)

65. • Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543) – Copernicus had correctly placed the sun at the center of the solar system but believed the orbits of the planets to be perfect circles.

66. • Johannes Kepler (1571 – 1630)

67. • Johannes Kepler (1571 – 1630) – Johannes Kepler described that the orbits of the planets were not the perfect circles described by Copernicus but were flattened circles we call ellipses.

68. • Who was correct?

69. • Who was correct? • Johannes Kepler

70. • Who was correct? • Johannes Kepler Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo… learn more at… http://www.fsmitha.com/h3/copernicus.htm

71. • Kepler's three laws of planetary motion can be described as follows:

72. • Kepler's three laws of planetary motion can be described as follows: – The path of the planets about the sun is elliptical in shape, with the center of the sun being located at one focus. (The Law of Ellipses) – An imaginary line drawn from the center of the sun to the center of the planet will sweep out equal areas in equal intervals of time. • (The Law of Equal Areas) – The ratio of the squares of the periods of any two planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their average distances from the sun. • (The Law of Harmonies)

73. • Activity / Demonstration of the Law of Ellipses. – The path of the planets about the sun is elliptical in shape, with the center of the sun being located at one focus. – Place a piece of white paper on a something that can be tacked. – Place two tacks near each other (Sun and Earth) – Loop a string around the two and use a pencil to trace the path of the earth around the sun.

74. • Activity / Demonstration of the Law of Ellipses. – The path of the planets about the sun is elliptical in shape, with the center of the sun being located at one focus. (Tug of war b/t earth and sun) – Place a piece of white paper on a something that can be tacked. – Place two tacks near each other – Loop a string around the two and use a pencil to trace the path of the earth around the sun.

76. • Activity / Demonstration of the Law of Ellipses. – The path of the planets about the sun is elliptical in shape, with the center of the sun being located at one focus. – Place a piece of white paper on a something that can be tacked. – Place two tacks near each other (Sun and Earth) – Loop a string around the two and use a pencil to trace the path of the earth around the sun. The aphelion is the point in the orbit of a planet or comet where it is farthest from the Sun The point in orbit where a planet or comet is nearest to the sun is called the perihelion

82. • Kepler's three laws of planetary motion can be described as follows: – An imaginary line drawn from the center of the sun to the center of the planet will sweep out equal areas in equal intervals of time. • (The Law of Equal Areas) – The ratio of the squares of the periods of any two planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their average distances from the sun. – The path of the planets about the sun is elliptical in shape, with the center of the sun being located at one focus. (The Law of Ellipses) • (The Law of Harmonies)

89. • Kepler's three laws of planetary motion can be described as follows: – An imaginary line drawn from the center of the sun to the center of the planet will sweep out equal areas in equal intervals of time. • (The Law of Equal Areas) – The ratio of the squares of the periods of any two planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their average distances from the sun. – The path of the planets about the sun is elliptical in shape, with the center of the sun being located at one focus. (The Law of Ellipses) • (The Law of Harmonies)Learn more… http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/circles/u6l4a.cfm

90. • Kepler's three laws of planetary motion can be described as follows: – An imaginary line drawn from the center of the sun to the center of the planet will sweep out equal areas in equal intervals of time. • (The Law of Equal Areas) – The path of the planets about the sun is elliptical in shape, with the center of the sun being located at one focus. (The Law of Ellipses) – The ratio of the squares of the periods of any two planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their average distances from the sun. • (The Law of Harmonies) The time required for a planet to orbit the sun, called its period, is proportional to half the long axis of the ellipse raised to the 3/2 power. The constant of proportionality is the same for all the planets. It is often called the Law of Harmony because it shows a harmonic relation between distances and periods.

91. • Activity Possibility or Demonstration. – Cut out one large circle from posterboard (Sun) – One smaller circle (Earth) – One very small circle (Moon) • Use brass fasteners and two long rectangles of posterboard. Not to scale

92. • Activity Possibility or Demonstration. – Cut out one large circle from posterboard (Sun) – One smaller circle (Earth) – One very small circle (Moon) • Use brass fasteners and two long rectangles of posterboard. Under view

106. The rotational period was not accurate, but the concept was clear that the earth orbits around the sun. While at the same time the moon orbits around the earth. While it’s orbiting the sun.

109. The rotational period was not accurate, but the concept was clear that the earth orbits around the sun. While at the same time the moon orbits around the earth. While it’s orbiting around the sun.

110. The rotational period was not accurate, but the concept was clear that the earth orbits around the sun. While at the same time the moon orbits around the earth. While it’s orbiting around the sun.

115. • SAFETY NOTICE! -The following activity must be done in slow motion. -If you feel dizzy or tired please sit down. -Make sure all tripping hazards are removed. Be Safe!

116. • Quietly and safely, please orbit around your table as if it’s a star. – Can you do it rotating like a planet still in orbit ? – Some planets orbit slowly, some orbit quickly – Can someone be a moon orbiting around a planet orbiting around the sun, both rotating. – Some moons orbit quickly, some orbit slowly – Some have a wobble. – Our moon rotates in perfect unison with our planet.

119. • Quietly and safely, please orbit around your table as if it’s a star. – Can you do it rotating like a planet still in orbit ? – Some planets orbit slowly, some orbit quickly – Can someone be a moon orbiting around a planet orbiting around the Sun, both rotating. – Some moons orbit quickly, some orbit slowly – Some have a wobble. – Our moon rotates in perfect unison with our planet.

122. • Quietly and safely, please orbit around your table as if it’s a star. – Can you do it rotating like a planet still in orbit ? – Some planets orbit slowly, some orbit quickly – Can someone be a moon orbiting around a planet orbiting around the Sun, both rotating. – Some moons orbit quickly, some orbit slowly – Some have a wobble. – Our Moon rotates in perfect unison with our planet.

124. • What planets orbit the sun fast, and which orbit the sun slowly?

126. A year on Neptune is about 165 Earth years.

145. • Can you name the three below?

153. • Astronomical Unit = Distance from the sun to Earth. – 1 Astronomical Unit = 149,598,000 kilometers

154. • Our Solar System

158. • Planet Field Trip Walk – Use a large tape measure to walk the astronomical units (AU) of the planets. – Each AU – 1 meter. – Can use the materials for the planets although the scale will be slightly larger. (meter to cm) – Graph / Scale provided on the next slide.

159. Planet Distance (AU) Object Sun 0 AU / 0 meters Fitness Ball Mercury .39 AU / meters Pin Venus .72 AU / m BB Earth 1 AU / m BB Mars 1.53 AU / m Pin Jupiter 5.20 AU / m Marble Saturn 9.54 AU / m Sm Marble Uranus 19.3 AU / m Sm Marble Neptune 30.1 AU / m Sm Marble

160. • If we wanted to scale the size to our closest star Alpha Centauri it would be a very long walk.

161. • If we wanted to scale the size to our closest star Alpha Centauri it would be a very long walk. • 271,000 astronomical units (AU) • 271,000 meters = 168.392 miles

162. • If we wanted to scale the size to our closest star Alpha Centauri it would be a very long walk. • 271,000 astronomical units (AU) • 271,000 meters = 168.392 miles Distances to stars. Learn more at… http://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/cos mosnotes/distance.htm

170. • Help me recreate our solar system . . . . . . .

171. . . . . . . . . Mercury

172. . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus

173. . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth s

174. . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss

175. . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss

176. . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Jupiterr

177. . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Jupiterr Saturn

178. . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Jupiterr Saturn Uranus

179. . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Jupiterr Saturn Uranus Neptune

185. . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Saturn Uranus Neptune

186. . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Saturn Uranus Neptune Jupiter

190. Again!

191. • Help me recreate our solar system . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Jupiterr Saturn Uranus Neptune

200. Switch- a-roo!

201. • Which two are switched? . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Jupiter r Saturn Uranus Neptune

204. • Help me recreate our solar system . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

205. Switch- a-roo 2!

206. • Which two are switched? . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Jupiterr Saturn Uranus Neptune

207. • Which two are switched? . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Saturn Uranus Jupiter Neptune

210. • Which two are switched? . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Saturn UranusJupiter Neptune

211. Switch- a-roo on you!

212. • Which one is spelled incorrectly? . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Jupiterr Saturn Uranus Neptune

213. • Which one is spelled incorrectly? . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Jupiterr Saturn Urinus Neptune

214. • Which one is spelled incorrectly? . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Jupiterr Saturn Urinus Neptune

215. • Which one is spelled incorrectly? . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Jupiterr Saturn Uranus Neptune

216. • Which two are in the incorrect order? . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Jupiterr Saturn Uranus Neptune

217. • Which one is incorrect? . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Jupiterr Saturn Uranus Neptune

218. • Answer: . . . . . . . . Mercury Venus Earth Marss Jupiterr Saturn Uranus Neptune

219. • This Dwarf Planet is no longer considered a planet? 5

220. • This Dwarf Planet is no longer considered a planet? Answer: Pluto 5

221. • This Dwarf Planet is no longer considered a planet? Answer: Pluto 5Planet time challenge game: http://www.purposegames.com/game/161

222. • You can now complete this question.

223. • You can now complete this question.

258. “Who is missing?”

260. • Solar System and Sun Review Game I

261. • “AYE” Advance Your Exploration ELA and Literacy Opportunity Worksheet – Visit some of the many provided links or.. – Articles can be found at (w/ membership to NABT and NSTA) • http://www.nabt.org/websites/institution/index.php?p= 1 • http://learningcenter.nsta.org/browse_journals.aspx?j ournal=tst Please visit at least one of the “learn more” educational links provided in this unit and complete this worksheet

262. • “AYE” Advance Your Exploration ELA and Literacy Opportunity Worksheet – Visit some of the many provided links or.. – Articles can be found at (w/ membership to and NSTA) • http://www.scientificamerican.com/space • http://learningcenter.nsta.org/browse_journals.aspx?jo urnal=tst

263. http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Website Link:

264. • This Solar System Basics and the Sun lesson is just one small part of my Astronomy Topics Unit. This unit includes • A five part 2,800 Slide PowerPoint Presentation / unit roadmap full of activities, review questions, games, video links, materials list, and much more. • A 13 bundled homework package, modified version, 7 pages of unit notes, 4 PowerPoint Review Games of 100+ slides each, videos, rubrics, and much more that all chronologically follow the unit slideshow. • This is a fantastic unit for any Earth Science Class. • http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Astronomy_Unit.html

266. Areas of Focus in the Astronomy Topics Unit: The Solar System and the Sun, Order of the Planets, Our Sun, Life Cycle of a Star, Size of Stars, Solar Eclipse, Lunar Eclipse, The Inner Planets, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Moon, Craters, Tides, Phases of the Moon, Mars and Moons, Rocketry, Asteroid Belt, NEO’s, The Torino Scale, The Outer Planets and Gas Giants, Jupiter / Moons, Saturn / Moons, Uranus / Moons, Neptune / Moons, Pluto's Demotion, The Kuiper Belt, Oort Cloud, Comets / Other, Beyond the Solar System, Types of Galaxies, Black holes, Extrasolar Planets, The Big Bang, Dark Matter, Dark Energy, The Special Theory of Relativity, Hubble Space Telescope, Constellations, Age of the Earth, Time, Earth events in a 12 hour day, Principle of Superposition, Geologic Timescale, Extinction Events, Dinosaurs, and much more. Full Unit found at... http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Astronomy_Unit.html

267. • This was a very brief 5 mb tour. Please visit the links below to learn more about each of the units in this curriculum package. – These units take me about four years to complete with my students in grades 5-10. Earth Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide Geology Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Geology_Unit.html Astronomy Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Astronomy_Unit.html Weather and Climate Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Weather_Climate_Unit.html Soil Science, Weathering, More http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html Water Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Water_Molecule_Unit.html Rivers Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/River_and_Water_Quality_Unit.html = Easier = More Difficult = Most Difficult 5th – 7th grade 6th – 8th grade 8th – 10th grade

268. Physical Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide Science Skills Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Science_Introduction_Lab_Safety_Metric_Methods. html Motion and Machines Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Newtons_Laws_Motion_Machines_Unit.html Matter, Energy, Envs. Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html Atoms and Periodic Table Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Atoms_Periodic_Table_of_Elements_Unit.html Life Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide Human Body / Health Topics http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Human_Body_Systems_and_Health_Topics_Unit.html DNA and Genetics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/DNA_Genetics_Unit.html Cell Biology Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Cellular_Biology_Unit.html Infectious Diseases Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Infectious_Diseases_Unit.html Taxonomy and Classification Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Taxonomy_Classification_Unit.html Evolution / Natural Selection Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Evolution_Natural_Selection_Unit.html Botany Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Plant_Botany_Unit.html Ecology Feeding Levels Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Feeding_Levels_Unit.htm Ecology Interactions Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Interactions_Unit.html Ecology Abiotic Factors Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Abiotic_Factors_Unit.html

269. • More Units Available at… Earth Science: The Soil Science and Glaciers Unit, The Geology Topics Unit, The Astronomy Topics Unit, The Weather and Climate Unit, and The Rivers and Water Quality Unit, The Water Molecule Unit. Physical Science: The Laws of Motion and Machines Unit, The Atoms and Periodic Table Unit, The Energy and the Environment Unit, and Science Skills Unit. Life Science: The Diseases and Cells Unit, The DNA and Genetics Unit, The Life Topics Unit, The Plant Unit, The Taxonomy and Classification Unit, Ecology: Feeding Levels Unit, Ecology: Interactions Unit, Ecology: Abiotic Factors, The Evolution and Natural Selection Unit and The Human Body Systems and Health Topics Unit Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

270. • The entire four year curriculum can be found at... http://sciencepowerpoint.com/ Please feel free to contact me with any questions you may have. Thank you for your interest in this curriculum. Sincerely, Ryan Murphy M.Ed www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com

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Solar System and Planets, Astronomy Lesson PowerPoint