This document outlines a policy for radio frequency spectrum allocation and pricing in Nepal. The key points are: 1) It establishes principles for an open, efficient and transparent process for spectrum allocation and pricing to maximize use of the limited national resource. 2) Spectrum will be allocated through an auction process to determine market prices and promote competition. 3) The policy aims to facilitate development in Nepal's telecom sector by timely introduction of new technologies through spectrum allocation.

1. 1
b"/;~rf/ ;]jfsf] /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L -af“8kmf“8 tyf d"No_ ;DaGwL gLlt, @)^(
b"/;~rf/ P]g, @)%# sf] bkmf $( n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L gLlt lgwf{/0f
;ldltn] b]xfosf] b"/;~rf/ ;]jfsf] /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L -afF8kmFf8 tyf d"No_ gLlt, @)^( agfPsf] 5 .
of] gLlt ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t ePsf] ldlt @)^(.&.!( b]lv nfu" x'g]5 .
v08–s
gLltsf] p2]Zo tyf l;4fGtx?
!= k[i7e"ld
/]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L k|of]u x'g] ;fj{hlgs b"/;~rf/ ;]jfsf] ;~rfng k|f/De x'gf;fy} g]kfndf klg
o;sf] ljt/0f x'Fb} cfPsf] xf] tyflk o;sf] ljt/0f ;DaGwL sfg'gL / gLltut Joj:yf eg]
;do ;fk]If cBfjlws x'g ;s]sf] lyPg . b"/;~rf/ P]g, @)%# sfof{Gjogdf cfP kl5
b"/;~rf/ ;]jfdf lk|mSj]G;L ljt/0f ;DaGwdf cnu Joj:yf ul/Psf] eP klg cGo ;]jfsf]
lk|mSj]G;L ;DaGwdf xfn klg /]l8of] P]g, @)!$ / ;f] cGtu{tsf] /]l8of] ;+rf/ -nfO;]G;_
lgodfjnL, @)$( g} o; ;DaGwL lgods sfg'g x'g . b"/;~rf/ P]g, @)%# df ePsf]
lk|mSj]G;L ljt/0f k|lqmof klg ;do ;fk]If / ablnFbf] k|ljlwsf] dfunfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ckof{Kt
e};s]sf] dxz'; ug{ yflnPsf] 5 .
xfn;Dd /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;Lsf] d"No lgwf{/0f b"/;~rf/ ;]jfsf] xsdf b"/;~rf/ P]g, @)%#
adf]lhd ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqLsf] cWoIftfdf u7g x'g] /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L gLlt lgwf{/0f
;ldltsf] lg0f{o adf]lhd / cGo ;]jfsf] nflu /]l8of] ;~rf/ -nfO;]G;_ lgodfjnL, @)$(
adf]lhd x'g] u/]sf] 5 . /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L / vf;u/L b"/;~rf/ ;]jfdf k|of]u x'g] /]l8of]
lk|mSj]G;L ;Lldt / pRr dxTjsf] k|fs[lts ;|f]t ePsf]n] a9fa9sf] dfWodaf6 d"No lgwf{/0f
ug]{ k|lqmof g} ljZjJofkL ?kdf cjnDag ul/Psf] pRrtd cEof; xf] . t/ g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df
xfn;Dd To:tf] Joj:yf nfu" ul/Psf] 5}g . o;} ;Gbe{df /]l8of] lk|mj]G;L gLlt lgwf{/0f
;ldltsf] rf}wf}+ j}7saf6 b"/;~rf/ ;]jfsf] /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L -afF8kmfF8 / d"No ;DaGwL_ gLlt,
@)^* kfl/t u/L @)^* >fj0f ! ut] b]lv nfu" ul/Psf] lyof] . ;f] gLltaf6 GSM1
900 ,
GSM 1800, CDMA2
800, CDMA 1900 MHz band sf Cellular lk|mSj]G;L k|of]u u/L ;]jf
;~rfng ug]{ laleGg b"/;~rf/ ;]jfx?sf] nflu cfjZos Go"gtd lk|mj]G;L Aof08ljy tf]Sg'sf
;fy} o:tf] lk|mj]G;L k|of]u afktsf] b:t'/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ ;DaGwdf gofF ;'q nfu" u/L tTsfn
k|rngdf /x]sf] ;'q vf/]h u/]sf] lyof] . xfn;Dd ;f]xL gLlt nfu" e}/x]sf] cj:yf 5 .
1
Global System for Mobile Communication
2
Code Division Multiple Access

2. 2
@= gLltsf] cfjZostf
b"/;~rf/ ;]jfsf] lk|mSj]G;Laf6 /fHon] jf:tljs d"No k|fKt ug]{ cj:yf ;'lglZrt ug{
k|lt:kwf{Tds ?kdf lk|mSj]G;L ljt/0f ug]{ Joj:yf ug{ cfjZos ePsf] / 3G, 4G nufotsf
gofF b"/;~rf/ ;]jfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ lk|mSj]G;Lx?sf] d"No lgwf{/0f ug{ cfjZos ePs}
cj:yfdf tTsflng Joj:yflksf ;+;bsf] ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltn] b"/;~rf/ ;]jfsf] lk|mSj]G;L
ljt/0f ;DaGwdf u/]sf] cWoog k|ltj]bgdf tTsfn sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf] b"/;~rf/ ;]jfsf]
/]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L -afF8kmfF8 / d"No ;DaGwL_ gLlt, @)^* vf/]h ug{ / cfjZos lk|mSj]G;L gLlt
Pj+ sfg"g agfpg ;'emfj lbPsf]n] tTsfn gofF lk|mSj]G;L gLlt agfpg cfjZos ePsf] 5 .
o;afx]s g]kfn ;/sf/n] @)^(.@.! df v'Nnf u/]sf] æcfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfÆ nufot ca
pk|fGt v'Nnf ul/g] gofF ;]jfsf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu lk|mSj]G;L afF8kmfF8 / z'Ns lgwf{/0f
nufotsf ljifodf Joj:yf ug{ ;d]t ;du|df gofF gLlt aGg' cfjZos 5 .
#= gLltsf] p2]Zo
b"/;~rf/ If]qnfO{ d'n'ssf] ;du| cfly{s ljsf;df dxTjk"0f{ ;xof]uLsf] ?kdf :yflkt ug]{ u/L
;Lldt /fli6«o ;Dkbfsf] ?kdf /x]sf] /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L ljt/0f k|lqmofnfO{ cg'dltkq k|bfg ug]{
k|lqmof;Fu cGt/;DalGwt u/L s'zn, k|efjsf/L / kf/bzL{ lk|mSj]G;L ljt/0f tyf d"No lgwf{/0f
k|lqmof :yflkt ug'{ k|:t't gLltsf] d'Vo p2]Zo /x]sf] 5 .
$= /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L Joa:yfkg ;DaGwdf cjnDag ul/g] l;4fGtx?
/]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L ljt/0f, Joj:yfkg tyf d"No lgwf{/0f ubf{ b]xfosf l;4fGtx? cjnDag
ul/g]5 / oL l;4fGtx?sf] sfof{Gjog o; gLltsf o;kl5sf bkmfx?df pNn]v ePsf] lk|mSj]G;L
ljt/0f tyf d"No lgwf{/0f k|lqmofsf] cfwf/df ul/g]5M–
!= s'g} klg gofF Aof08df gofF ;]jf jf k|lalwsf nflu 5'6ofOg] /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;Lsf]
ljt/0f tyf d"No lgwf{/0f ahf/n] g} To;sf] d"No lgwf{/0f ug]{ u/L lnnfd a9fa9sf]
-auction_ k|lqmofaf6 ul/g]5 .
@= lk|mSj]G;Lsf] clwstd pkof]u xf]; eGg] p2]Zon] a9fa9sf] k|lqmofaf6 ljt/0f ul/g]
lk|mSj]G;Lsf] xsdf cGt/f{li6«o / If]qLo k|rng / dfkb08 sfod /fVb} To;sf] k|of]udf
k|ljlw t6:y -Technology Neutral_ gLlt canDag ul/g] 5 .
#= g]kfnsf] b"/;~rf/ If]qsf] ahf/ c´} klg k"0f{ k|lt:kwL{ kl/kSj ge} ;s]sf] ca:yfnfO{
dWogh/ ub}{ xfnnfO{ lk|mSj]G;Lsf] Jofkf/ (Spectrum Trading) ug{ lbOg] 5}g .
$= If]qLo / cGt/fli6«o ?kdf /x]sf pQd k|rngsf (Best Practices) ;fy} tT;DaGwL
cGt/fli6«o sfg'gsf] cwLgdf /xL ahf/df sd d"No jf dxTj ePsf] lk|mSj]G;L
Aof08nfO{ ahf/df a9L d"No jf dxTj ePsf] /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L Jof08df ;fg]{ / xfn

3. 3
ljt/0f ePsf] lk|mSj]G;Lsf] cem a9L pkof]u x'g] u/L lk|mSj]G;L :yfgfGt/0f tyf x]/km]/
-Spectrum Refarming_ ul/g]5 . o;f] ubf{ xfn ;j{;fwf/0fn] pkef]u ul//x]sf] ;]jf
tyf ;f] sf] u'0f:t/df c;/ kg{ lbOg]5}g .
%= ;'/Iff, gful/s p88og h:tf sfddf /fHon] k|of]u ug]{ /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L lgjf{w ?kdf
k|of]u x'g ;Sg] cj:yf ;'lglZrt ul/g]5 .
^= xfn lat/0fdf /x]sf] /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L :k]S6«dsf] k|efjsf/L / s'zn k|of]usf af/]df
k|efjsf/L cg'udg Joj:yf :yflkt ul/g]5 .
&= /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;Lsf] d"No, ljt/0f ug]{ k|s[of Pj+ b"/;~rf/ If]qdf b]vfk/]sf gofF
k|ljlwsf] ;Gbe{df lgoldt ?kdf cWoog cg';Gwfg ul/g]5 .
*= cgfjZos ?kdf lk|mSj]G;L cf]u6g] k|j[lQnfO{ lg?T;flxt ul/g]5 . o;sf nflu s'g}
klg ;]jf ;~rfngsf nflu Go'gtd ?kdf cfjZos kg]{ / clwstd ?kdf k|of]u ug{
kfOg] lk|mSj]G;Lsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f (Capping) ul/g]5 . lk|mSj]G;Lsf] d"No lgwf{/0f ubf{
;f]xL adf]lhd Go'gtd eGbf a9L cf]ul6Psf] lk|mSj]G;Lsf] a9L d"No lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .
cfjZostf eGbf a9L cf]ul6Psf] lk|mSj]G;L lkmtf{ lnOg]5 .
(= xfn laleGg 5 j6f 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf k|bfosx?sf] cg'dltkqsf] lsl;d / zt{x? leGg
leGg /x]sf] / tL dWo] s]xLn] lnld6]8 df]laln6L ;]jfsf] cg'dltkq k|fKt u/] klg tL
;a}n] xfn GSM/CDMA k|0ffnLsf] lk|mSj]G;L k|fKt u/L k|fljlws ?kdf ;]n'n/
df]afOn ;]af ;~rfng ul//x]sf 5g . tL ^ j6} ;]jf k|bfosx?nfO{ Pp6} zt{ tf]sL
;dfg w/ftndf Nofpg] p2]Zo /fvL g]kfn ;/sf/n] @)^(.@.! df /fhkqdf ;"rgf
k|sfzg u/L v'Nnf u/]sf] gofF “cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf” sf] cg'dltkq lng] ;a} ;]jf
k|bfosx?nfO{ lk|mSj]G;L k|bfg ug]{ ;Gbe{df ;a} ;]jf k|bfosx? ;/x ;dfg dfkb08
canDag ul/g]5 .
!)= b"/;~rf/ If]qdf lasf; x'g] gofF k|lalwnfO{ g]kfndf ;dod} leqofpg ;lsg] u/L
lk|mSj]G;L lgwf{/0f / lat/0f ul/g]5 .
!!= cfslZds ;~rf/ Joj:yf -Emergency Telecommunication Management_ sf nflu
lk|mSj]G;L tf]lsg]5 .
!@= g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;g @)!& ;Dddf 6]lnlehg k|;f/0fnfO{ l8lh6n k|ljlwdf n}hfg]
lg0f{o ul/;s]sf] ;Gbe{df To;/L l8lh6n k|ljlwdf ?kfGtl/t ubf{ k|fKt x'g] yk
lk|mSj]G;L -Digital Dividend Band_ nfO{ tT;DaGwL :yflkt cGt/f{li6«o k|rng tyf
cGt/fli6«o ;F:yfx?n] -cfO6Lo', PkL6L_ tf]s]sf] dfkb08 ;d]tsf] cfwf/df clws
dxTjk"0f{ / /fHonfO{ a9L k|ltkmn k|fKt x'g] df]afOn a|f]8Jof08sf ;]jfsf nflu 5'6ofO
a9fa9sf] cfwf/df ljt/0f ul/g]5 .

4. 4
%= b"/;~rf/ ;DaGwL sfg'g
tTsflng Joj:yflksf ;+;bsf] ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltn] lk|mSj]G;L ljt/0f ;DaGwL gofF
sfg'gsf] lgdf{0f ug{ l;kmfl/z u/]sf] lyof] . lk|mSj]G;L ljt/0f / ;f] sf] d"No lgwf{/0fnfO{
jf:tljs ?kdf k|lt:kwL{ agfpg xfnsf] cg'dltkq a9fa9sf] k|lqmofsf] ;66f d"ne"t ?kdf
lk|mSj]G;L a9fa9sf] dfWodaf6 cg'dltkq hf/L ug]{ k|lqmof cjnDag ug{ h?/L 5 . o;afx]s
klg k|ljlwdf cfPsf] Jofks kl/jt{g cfTd;fy ug{ klg tbg'?ksf] sfg'gL Joj:yf ug'{
cfjZos ePsf] 5 . o;sf nflu k|rlnt b"/;~rf/ P]g, @)%# d} ;+zf]wgsf] cfjZostf
b]lvPsf] 5 . ;f] cg'?k b"/;~rf/sf] cg'dltkq k|bfg ug]{ k|lqmof, lk|mSj]G;L ljt/0f tyf ;f]
sf] d"No lgwf{/0f, k|ljlwdf cfPsf] kl/jt{g adf]lhd o; If]qsf] lgodgdf ug'{kg]{ ;'wf/
nufotsf ljifodf l5d]sL d'n's nufot cGt/f{li6«o cEof; / cg'ej ;d]tsf] cWoog u/L
o; gLltdf plNnlvt Joj:yfx?nfO{ :yflkt ug{ ;d]t sfg'gdf cfjZos ;+zf]wg ul/g]5 .
v08–v
p2]Zo tyf l;4fGt sfof{Gjogsf] lgldQ ckgfOg] sfo{gLlt
^= b"/;~rf/ ;]jfdf k|of]u x'g] /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;Lsf] juL{s/0f
;j{;fwf/0fn] pkef]u ul//x]sf] ;]jf tyf ;f] sf] u'0f:t/df c;/ gkg]{ u/L lk|mSj]G;LnfO{
pknAwtfsf] t'ngfdf cTolws dfu ePsf / /fHonfO{ pRr cfly{s k|ltkmn lbg ;Sg] gofF
k|lalwdf cfwfl/t ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ cfjZos lk|mSj]G;L / pknAwtfsf] t'ngfdf cTolws dfu
g/x]sf / pRr Jofj;flos d"No g/x]sf lk|mSj]G;L u/L b'O{ efudf juL{s/0f ul/g]5 .
To;dWo] Cellular Mobile Frequency h:tf lk|mSj]G;LnfO{ klxnf] k|sf/sf] lk|mSj]G;Ldf /fvL
tL lk|mSj]G;LnfO{ k|lt:kwf{Tds jf a9fa9sf] cfwf/df / Microwave or Point to Point
Frequency h:tf Link Frequency / VSAT frequency h:tf lk|mSj]G;LnfO{ bf];|f] k|sf/sf]
lk|mSj]G;Ldf /fvL To;nfO{ k|zf;lgs d"No nufpg] l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df d"No sfod u/L ljt/0f
ul/g]5 .
&= xfn laleGg Jof08df pknAw /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L / af“8kmf“8sf] cj:yf
xfn laleGg Jof08df pknAw lk|mSj]G;Lsf] cj:yf b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf] 5 . ;f] adf]lhd xfn
s]xL lk|mSj]G;Lsf] afF8kmfF8 e};s]sf]n] s'g} ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ yk ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf
5}g . s]xL lk|mSj]G;L yk ug{ ;lsg] b]lvG5 eg] s'g} lk|mSj]G;L xfn;Dd afF8kmfF8 gePsf] jf
s'g ;]jfdf k|of]u ug]{ egL lgwf{/0f gePsf] cj:yf 5 .

5. 5
S. No. Frequency Band Bandwidth Technology
1 800 MHz 824-841.25 MHz paired with 869-
886.25 MHz (2x17.25 MHz)
CDMA
2 900 MHz 887.6-915 MHz paired with 932.6-
960 MHz (2x27.4 MHz)
GSM
3 1800 MHz 1710-1755 MHz paired with 1805-
1850 MHz (2x45 MHz)
GSM
4 2100 MHz 1960-1980 MHz paired with 2150-
2170 MHz (2x20 MHz)
IMT-2000
5 2300 MHz 2300 MHz- 2400 MHz (100 MHz) IMT Advanced
6 2600 MHz 2500 MHz- 2690 MHz (190 MHz) IMT Advanced
7 1900 MHz 1850-1880 MHz paired with 1930-
1960 MHz (2x30 MHz)
CDMA
*= lk|mSj]G;L :yfgfGt/0f jf x]/km]/ (Frequency Refarming)
xfn ljt/0f ePsf] jf pknAw lk|mSj]G;LnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd :yfgfGt/0f jf x]/km]/ ul/g]5M–
s= 1900 MHz Band df ;~rfng ul/Psf] CDMA k|ljlwnfO{ la:yflkt ul/g]5 . o;/L
lj:yflkt ul/P kl5 GSM 1800 MHz df 2x30 MHz lk|mSj]G;L yk pknAw x'g]5 /
2100 MHz Band (WCDMA3
-3G) df yk 2x40 MHz lk|mSj]G;L pknAw x'g]5 .
v= xfn CDMA 800 MHz df pknAw /x]sf] 4.25 MHz lk|mSj]G;L GSM 900 df k|of]u
x'g ;Sg] ePsf]n] GSM ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ pknAw u/fOg]5 .
u= o;/L lk|mSj]G;L :yfgfGt/0f jf x]/k]m/ ubf{ xfn ;j{;fwf/0fn] k|of]u ul//x]sf] ;]jf tyf
To;sf] u'0f:t/df k|lts"n c;/ kg{ lbOg] 5}g .
(= ;]jf cg';f/ /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L lgwf{/0f
bkmf * adf]lhdsf] :yfgfGt/0f jf x]/km]/ ePkl5 b"/;~rf/ ;]jfsf] b]xfosf] lk|mSj]G;L pknAw
eO{ ;f] lk|mSj]G;L b]xfosf] ;]jfdf k|of]u ul/g]5M–
Cellular Mobile Frequency Band Plan after re-farming of 1900 MHz and 800 MHz
and 900 MHz Bands
S. No. Frequency Band Frequency Range Bandwidth
MHz
1 800 MHz 824-834 MHz paired with 869-879 MHz 2x10
2 900 MHz 880-915 MHz paired with 925-960 MHz 2x35
3
Wide-band CDMA

6. 6
3 1800 MHz 1710-1785 MHz paired with 1805-1880 MHz 2x75
4 2100 MHz 1920-1980 MHz paired with 2110-2170 MHz 2x60
5 2300 MHz 2300 MHz- 2400 MHz 100
6 2600 MHz 2500 MHz- 2690 MHz 190
!)= lk|mSj]G;Lsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f
GSM df]afOn ;]jf k|bfossf] lgldQ lk|mSj]G;L ljt/0fsf b[li6n] Go'gtd lk|mSj]G;L, yk
lk|mSj]G;L / clwstd lk|mSj]G;L u/L tLg txdf laefhg ul/g]5 / d"No lgwf{/0f klg ;f]xL
adf]lhd ul/g]5 .
s= Go'gtd lk|mSj]G;L
!= GSM df]afOn ;]jfsf] nflu klxnf] k6s k|lt:kwf{af6 5flgPsf] ;]jf
k|bfosnfO{ GSM 900 df 2x6 MHz lk|mSj]G;L pknAw u/fpg] u/L af]nsaf]n
ul/Psf]n] df]afOn ;]jfsf] nflu ;f] 2x6 MHz lk|mSj]G;LnfO{ g} cfwf/e"t
6]lnkmf]g ;]jf k|bfosx?nfO{ k|bfg ul/g] Go'gtd lk|mSj]G;L sfod ul/g]5 .
@= GSM 900 df eGbf GSM 1800 df k"jf{wf/df a9L nufgL ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n]
GSM 900 eGbf GSM 1800 df !=% u'0ff lk|mSj]G;L cyf{t 2x9 MHz
lk|mSj]G;LnfO{ Go'gtd lk|mSj]G;L sfod ul/g]5 . GSM 900 MHz df cfjZos
lk|mSj]G;L pknAw geO{ s'g} ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ b'a} Jof08df lk|mSj]G;L lbg' k/]df
;f]xL cf};t b/df -!M!=%_ lk|mSj]G;L lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .
v= yk lk|mSj]G;L
dfly v08 -s_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] GSM 900 MHz band df Go'gtd 2x6
MHz eGbf cltl/Qm 2x2 MHz;Dd / GSM 1800 MHz band df 2x9 MHz eGbf
cltl/Qm 2x3 MHz;Ddsf] lk|mSj]G;LnfO{ yk lk|mSj]G;L dflgg]5 .
u= clwstd lk|mSj]G;L
b]xfosf] Jof08df b]xfosf] lk|mSj]G;LnfO{ clwstd lk|mSj]G;L Jof08ljy ;Ldf tf]lsPsf]
5 . ;f] eGbf a9L lk|mSj]G;L s'g} klg ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ k|bfg ul/g] 5}g / s;}n] /fVg
jf k|of]u ug{ kfpg] 5}g . clwstd lk|mSj]G;L eGbf a9L lk|mSj]G;L cf]u6]/ a;]sf ;]jf
k|bfosaf6 # dlxgfleqdf ;f] clwstd ;Ldf eGbf a9L ePsf] lk|mSj]G;L g]kfn
b"/;~rf/ k|flws/0fn] lkmtf{ lng]5 .
S. No. Frequency Band/Possible Technology Maximum Bandwidth
1. 800 MHz/CDMA 2x5 MHz
2. 900 MHz/GSM 2x9.6 MHz

7. 7
3. 1800 MHz/GSM 2x15 MHz
4. 2100 MHz/WCDMA(3G or IMT 2000) 2x10 MHz
5. 2300 MHz/BWA/IMT Advanced 30 MHz
6. 2600 MHz/BWA/IMT Advanced To be decided4
7. 3300 MHz/BWA/WiMax/IMT Advanced To be decided
8. 700 MHz/IMT Advanced/LTE To be Decided
!!= /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;Lsf] d"No lgwf{/0f ljlw
bkmf ^ df pNn]v ePsf ln+s lk|mSj]G;L jf VSAT h:tf lk|mSj]G;L afx]s cGo lk|mSj]G;Lsf]
d"No lgwf{/0f d'Votof a9fa9sf] k|lqmofaf6 ul/g]5 t/ s]xL lk|mSj]G;L Jof08x?df (GSM 900
MHz band / GSM 1800 MHz band) pknAw ePsf] lk|mSj]G;L ljt/0f e};s]sf]n] a9fa9 ug{ ;+ej
x'g] 5}g . of] gLlt nfu" x'g' cl3 g} ljt/0f u/L ;lsPsf] (2100 MHz/WCDMA) lk|mSj]G;Lsf]
d"No lgwf{/0f ug{ ;f]xL Jof08sf] ;f]xL kl/df0fsf] Jof08ljy a/fa/sf] lk|mSj]G;LnfO{ a9fa9
ul/g]5 / ;f] a9fa9af6 sfod ePsf] d"NonfO{ of] gLlt nfu" x'g' cl3 ;f] lk|mSj]G;L k|of]u
u/]sf ;]jf k|bfosx?sf] lgldQ klg d"No sfod u/L ;f] lk|mSj]G;L pknAw u/fOPsf] ldltb]lv
g} c;"n pk/ ul/g]5 . xfn ljt/0f ePsf b]xfosf lk|mSj]G;L Jof08sf] d"No b]xfo adf]lhd
lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .
s= GSM df]afOn ;]jfsf] lgldQ 5'6ofOPsf] Go'gtd lk|mSj]G;Lsf] b:t"/ Psd'i6 ?kdf ;f]
;]jf k|bfossf] jflif{s s"n cfDbfgLsf] )=$ k|ltzt /sd sfod ul/g]5 .
v= s'g} ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ GSM 900 / GSM 1800 b'a} u/L Go'gtd lk|mSj]G;L Jof08
pknAw u/fOPsf] eP s"n lk|mSj]G;Lsf] b:t"/ klg ;f]xL adf]lhd s"n cfDbfgLsf] )=$
k|ltzt sfod ul/g]5 .
u= yk lk|mSj]G;Lsf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf] aflif{s lk|mSj]G;L b:t"/ sfod u/L c;"n pk/
ul/g]5 .
S.N. Frequency Band
Band dependent Multiplier
for Frequency Fee
Price Per Mega Hertz
(Unpaired) in NRs. Millions
1 800/900 MHz 1.5 6
2 1800 MHz 1 4
3= clwstd lk|mSj]G;Lsf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf] jflif{s lk|mSj]G;L b:t"/ sfod u/L c;"n
pk/ ul/g]5 .
4
o;df Go'gtd / clwstd Jof08sf] lgwf{/0f bkmf !@ adf]lhd a9fa9sf] lgldQ k]z x'Fbfsf avt to ul/g]5 .

8. 8
S.N. Frequency Band
Band dependent Multiplier
for Frequency Fee
Price Per Mega Hertz
(Unpaired) in NRs. Millions
1 800/900 MHz 1.5 12
2 1800 MHz 1 8
ª= b]xfosf lk|mSj]G;Lx?sf] d"No o; gLltdf tf]lsP adf]lhd a9fa9af6 to ul/g]5 .
S.No. Frequency Band
1 2100 (3G) MHz
2 2300MHz
3 2600 MHz
3 3300 MHz
4 700 MHz
r= xfn WCDMA @!)) MHz Jof08df g]kfn 6]lnsd / Pg;]nnfO{ pknAw u/fOPsf]
10x2 MHz 3G lk|mSj]G;L jfkt bkmf !@ adf]lhd a9fa9af6 sfod x'g] b:t"/ ;f]
lk|mSj]G;L k|fKt u/]sf] ldltb]lv g} e'Qmfg ug'{kg]{ u/L xfnnfO{ To;/L a9fa9sf] lgldQ
tf]lsPsf] Go'gtd b:t"/ a/fa/sf] /sd jflif{s ?kdf e'Qmfg ug'{kg]{5 .
5= b]zsf ;a} e"efudf b"/;~rf/ ;]jf ;'ne ?kdf pknAw u/fpg ;3fp k'/ofpg u|fdL0f
If]qdf b"/;~rf/sf] kx'Frsf nflu k|of]u x'g] VSAT sf] lk|mSj]G;L b:t'/ k|lt 6ld{gn
k|lta{if ?= !)). -?= Ps ;o_ / cGo ?kdf k|of]u x'g] VSAT sf] xsdf ?= !))).–
sfod ul/g]5 . VSAT sf] b:t"/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf cfufdL cfly{s jif{b]lv nfu" x'g]5 .
h= xfn ;~rfngdf /x]sf lnld6]8 df]laln6L ;]jf k|bfos / cfwf/e"t b"/;~rf/ ;]jf
k|bfosx?n] xfn k|of]u u/]sf] lk|mSj]G;L jfkt dfly pkv08 -u_ df tf]lsPsf] yk
lk|mSj]G;L b:t"/sf] b/n] lk|mSj]G;L b:t"/ a'emfpg' kg]{5 .
!@= /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L a9fa9 ;DaGwL Joj:yf
b]xfosf] lk|mSj]G;L b]xfo adf]lhd a9fa9 ul/g]5–
s= 3G ;]jfsf] bkmf & adf]lhd x]/km]/ tyf :yfgfGt/0f kl5 pknAw x'g] lk|mSj]G;L b]xfo
adf]lhd a9fa9 ul/g]5M–
!= cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf] sDtLdf b'O{j6f cg'dltkq hf/L ePsf] tLg
dlxgfb]lv 5 dlxgfleqdf 3G sf] lk|mSj]G;L a9fa9 k|lqmof ;DkGg ul/g]5 .
@= a9fa9sf] lgldQ 3G df pknAw 2x40 MHz -xfn ljt/0f ePsf] 2x20 MHz
s6fO{_ lk|mSj]G;LnfO{ 10-10 MHz sf b/n] a9Ldf $ j6f yk ;]jf k|bfosnfO{
pknAw u/fpg ;lsg]5 .

9. 9
#= ;f] a9fa9df tTsfn sfod /x]sf cfwf/e"n 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf cg'dltkq k|fKt
sDkgLx?n] efu lng kfpg]5g . of] gLlt k|f/De x'Fbf 3G (2100 MHZ) sf]
lk|mSj]G;L k|fKt ul/;s]sf ;]jf k|bfosn] of] a9fa9df efu lng kfpg] 5}gg .
$= a9fa9sf] lgldQ Go'gtd d"No k|lt MHz (Unpaired) ?= ! s/f]8 @) nfv
sfod ul/Psf] 5 .
%= To;/L a9fa9 ubf{ clwstd sa'n ePsf] d"NonfO{ 3G sf] lk|mSj]G;L d"No
sfod ul/g]5 .
^= o;/L sfod ePsf] d"No e'Qmfg ug{ d~h"/ u/L klxnf] jif{sf] lgldQ ;f] d"No
a9fa9 :jLs[t ePsf] tL; lbgleq e'Qmfg ug]{ a9fa9df efu lng] ;]jf
k|bfosnfO{ ;f] lk|mSj]G;L pknAw u/fOg]5 . ;f] a9fa9af6 d"No sfod ePsf]
tL; lbgleq ;f] e'Qmfg gug]{ ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ ;f] lk|mSj]G;L pknAw u/fOg]
5}g .
&= of] gLlt k|f/De x'Fbf 3G (2100 MHZ) sf] lk|mSj]G;L k|fKt ul/;s]sf ;]jf
k|bfosn] klg dfly pkv08 -^_ adf]lhd a9fa9 :jLs[t ePsf] tL; lbgleq
dfly pkv08 -%_ adf]lhd sfod ePsf] d"No e'Qmfg ug'{kg]{5 . ;f] cjlwleq
e'Qmfg gu/]df pknAw u/fOPsf] lk|mSj]G;L lkmtf{ lnOg]5 .
*= pkv08 -^_ adf]lhd lk|mSj]G;L k|fKt gug]{ ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ o; v08 adf]lhd
a9fa9 ;DkGg ePsf] !@ dlxgfkl5 3G lk|mSj]G;L pknAw ePdf dfly pkv08
-%_ adf]lhd sfod ePsf] d"No lnO{ 3G lk|mSj]G;L pknAw u/fOg]5 . t/
a9fa9df efu lnO{ dfly pkv08 -^_ adf]lhd tL; lbgleq /sd e'Qmfg gug]{
;]jf k|bfosnfO{ 3G sf] lk|mSj]G;L pknAw u/fOg] 5}g .
(= tTsfn pknAw k|ljlw adf]lhd 800 MHZ, 900 MHZ / 1800 MHz band df 3G
jf cGo s'g} gofF ;]jf ;~rfng x'g ;Sg] ePdf ;f] sf] lgldQ o; gLlt
adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] b:t"/sf] 1.5 u'0ff b:t"/ c;"n u/L To:tf] ;]jf ;~rfng
ug{ lbOg]5 .
!)= of] gLlt nfu" ePsf] Psjif{ leqdf o; pkv08 -s_ sf] -!_ adf]lhd cfwf/e"t
6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf] b'O{j6f cg'dltkq hf/L x'g g;sL a9fa9 x'g g;s]df tTsfn
sfod /x]sf df]afOn ;]jf / cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ o;
pkv08sf] -$_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] b:t"/ lnO{ 3G lk|mSj]G;L pknAw u/fOg]5 .
v= BWA 2300 sf] lk|mSj]G;L ljt/0f ;DaGwdf b]xfosf] k|lqmof ckgfOg]5M–
!= o;df k|ljlw t6:y gLlt ckgfOg]5 / of] Jof08sf] d"No a9fa9sf] dfWodaf6
sfod ul/g]5 . of] Jof08df tTsfn pknAw k|ljlw cg'?ksf ;a} ;]jf
;~rfng ug{ lbOg]5 .

10. 10
@= ;f] Jof08df pknAw ePsf] s"n 100 MHz lk|mSj]G;L Jof08nfO{ #)–#) MHz
sf tLg j6f v08df laefhg u/L ljt/0f ul/g]5 . Pp6f v08 g]kfn
b"/;~rf/ sDkgL lnld6]8nfO{ k|bfg ul/;lsPsf] 5 . afFsL b'O{ v08 dWo]
Pp6f tTsfn sfod /x]sf cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf k|bfos jf df]afO{n
-Voice_ ;]jf k|bfosx? dWo] k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ / csf]{ O06/g]6 ;]jf
k|bfosx?aLr a9fa9 u/fO{ ljt/0f ul/g]5 . xfn g]kfn 6]lnsdn] k|fKt u/]sf]
#) MHz sf] d"No 6]lnkmf]g jf df]afOn ;]jf k|bfos dWo] ;a}eGbf a9L /sd
sa'n ug]{ ;]jf k|bfosn] sa'n u/]sf] d"NonfO{ sfod ul/g]5 . g]kfn 6]lnsdn]
;f] d"No ;f] lk|mSj]G;L k|fKt u/]sf] ldltb]lv g} # dlxgfleq e'Qmfg ug'{kg]{5 .
;dod} b:t"/ e'Qmfg gu/]df ;f] lk|mSj]G;L tTsfn lkmtf{ ul/g]5 .
u= BWA/IMT-Advanced, 4G (2600 MHz/700MHZ, 3300 MHz) sf] lk|mSj]G;L b]xfo
adf]lhd a9fa9 ul/g]5M–
!= of] gLlt k|f/De ePkl5 oyf;L3| 4G sf] lk|mSj]G;L a9fa9 k|lqmof k|f/De
ul/g]5 .
@= 4G sf] lk|mSj]G;L a9fa9 e}/x]sf ;]jf k|bfos nufot gofF ;]jf k|bfos
-lgj]bs_ ;d]t 5gf}6 x'g ;Sg] u/L ul/g]5 .
#= 4G df k|ljlw t6:y gLlt ckgfOg] ePsf]n] o;sf] ;]jf k|bfossf] 5gf}6
d"ntM lk|mSj]G;L a9fa9sf] dfWodaf6 ul/g]5 / of] Jof08df tTsfn pknAw
k|ljlw cg'?ksf ;a} ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ lbOg]5 .
$= 4G sf] ;]jfsf] lgldQ 5'6ofOg] lk|mSj]G;L Jof08ljy, k|To]s ;]jf k|bfosnfO{
pknAw x'g] lk|mSj]G;L, To;sf] Go'gtd d"No, a9fa9sf] k|lqmof ;DaGwdf ;"rgf
tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnon] l5d]sL d'n'sx?sf] Joj:yfsf] ;d]t cWoog u/L of]
gLlt k|f/De ePsf] ^ dlxgfleq ;ldlt ;dIf :ki6 k|:tfj k]z ug]{5 .
3= lk|mSj]G;L a9fa9 ;DaGwdf b]xfosf] sfo{ljlw cjnDag ul/g]5M–
!= lk|mSj]G;L a9fa9sf] sfd of] gLlt tyf /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L gLlt lgwf{/0f ;ldltn]
tf]s]sf s'/fx?sf] clwgdf /xL g]kfn b"/;~rf/ k|flws/0fn] ug]{5 .
@= lk|mSj]G;Lsf] a9fa9 ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fx? pNn]v u/L sDtLdf #% -k}FtL;_
lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ /fli6«o:t/sf kqklqsf tyf cGo ;~rf/ dfWodx?af6 @
-b'O{_ k6s ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg ul/g]5 .
s= a9fa9 ul/g] lk|mSj]G;Lsf] /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L :k]S6«ddf /x]sf] cjl:ylt
a'lemg] u/L lk|mSj]G;L Aof08sf] laj/0f .
v= a9fa9 ul/g] lk|mSj]G;L Jof08 jf Jof08x?sf] ;+Vof .

11. 11
u= lk|mSj]G;L Jof08sf] k|of]u ug{ lbO{g] ;dofjlw .
3= a9fa9 k|lqmofdf efu lng rflxg] Go"gtd of]Uotf .
ª= a9fa9 k|lqmofdf k|of]u ul/g] Go"gtd d"No .
r= a9fa9 ;DaGwdf ckgfO{g] ljlw, h:t} Ps r/0fdf ;DkGge x'g]
af]nsaf]n jf l;naGbL a9fa9 k|lqmof cyjf r/0fa4 ?kdf x'g] eP s]
slt r/0fdf ;DkGg x'g] xf] ;f] v'nfO{Psf] af]nsaf]n jf l;naGbL
k|lqmof, jf oL k|lqmof dWo] Ps jf a9L ;dfa]z ePsf] k|lqmof jf cGo
s'g} k|lqmof ckgfOPsf] eP ;f] k|lqmof .
5= cGo cfjZos s'/fx? .
#= a9fa9sf] lgldQ Go"gtd d"No -Base Price or Reserve Price_ to ubf{
;ldltn] s'g} c+s tf]s]sf] eP ;f]xL c+s tf]lsg] 5 / To;/L gtf]lsPsf]df
a9fa9 ul/g] lk|mSj]G;L v08 jf ;f] ;Fu bfFHg nfos lk|mSj]G;L v08sf
;DaGwdf g]kfnsf] ahf/ / ;f] lk|mSj]G;Lsf] pkof]lutfsf] :t/sf] cfwf/df
g]kfn b"/;~rf/ k|flws/0fn] Go'gtd d"No sfod ug]{5 .
!#= lnld6]8 df]laln6L tyf cfwf/e"t b"/;~rf/ ;]jfsf]5
lgldQ /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L ljt/0f
s= xfn ;~rfngdf /x]sf lnld6]8 df]laln6L ;]jf jf u|fdL0f b"/;~rf/ ;]jf jf cfwf/e"t
b"/;~rf/ ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ u|fxs ;+Vofsf]6
cfwf/df tn lbOPsf] tflnsf adf]lhd
lk|mSj]G;L pknAw u/fOg]5 . o;/L k|bfg ul/g] lk|mSj]G;Lsf] clwstd ;Ldf eg]
df]afOn jf cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf ;~rfngsf nflu sfod ul/Psf] Go'gtd
lk|mSj]G;L cyf{t GSM 900 MHz band df 2x6 MHz jf GSM 1800 MHz band df
2x9 MHz jf CDMA 800 MHz band df 2x2.5MHz sfod ul/Psf] 5 . To:tf ;]jf
k|bfosx?nfO{ gofF Jof08df s'g} klg lk|mSj]G;L pknAw u/fOg] 5}g . s;}nfO{ ;f] eGbf
a9L lk|mSj]G;L pknAw u/fOPsf] eP cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf] klxnf] cg'dltkq hf/L
ePsf] Ps dlxgfleq lkmtf{ ul/g]5 .
SN. BW (MHz)
(Sum of low and high frequencies)
Subscribers '000
Total Incremental
Subscribers per Mhz(paired)
1 2x1 -
2 2x2 50 25
5 g]kfn /fhkq, efu %, v08 %&, ;+Vof @), ldlt @)^$.%.!) df k|sflzt ;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf] ;]jf .
6 u|fxs ;+Vofsf] u0fgf ubf{ Visitor Location Register (VLR) df u0fgf ug'{eGbf rf}aL; 306f cl3sf] cjlwdf /]s8{ ePsf] ;+Vof / To:tf] ;+Vof
pknAw geP Ps dlxgfleqdf Billing System af6 k|fKt x'g] u|fxssf] ;+VofnfO{ cfwf/ dflgg]5 .

12. 12
3 2x3 200 150
4 2x4 400 200
5 2x5 600 200
6 2x6 900 300
(ख) CDMA 2G Subscriber Linked Bandwidth
Carriers BW (MHz)
(Sum of low and high frequencies)
Subscribers '000
Total Incremental Subs
Per Mhz (Paired)
1 2x1.25 250 250
2 2x2.5 500 250
3 2x3.75 2,000 1,500
4 2x5 4,000 2,000
!$= cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf] lgldQ lk|mSj]G;L ljt/0f
cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf] lgldQ lk|mSj]G;Lsf] ljt/0f b]xfo adf]lhd ul/g]5M–
s= cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf] cg'dltkq k|fKt ug]{ ;]jf k|bfosaf6 cg'dltkq gjLs/0f
b:t"/ c;"n pk/ x'g] s'/fsf] ;'lglZrtf ug{ To:tf ;]jf k|bfosaf6 cg'dltkq k|fKt
u/]sf] z'? jif{ b]lv g} ;f] /sd k|fKt x'g] u/L o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] ljz]if Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
u= cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf] cg'dltkqsf] lgldQ lgj]bg lbg] JolQmn] gjLs/0f b:t"/
jfktsf] /sd b]xfo adf]lhd e'Qmfg ug'{kg]{ zt{ :jLsf/ u/]sf] cj:yfdf dfq
cg'dltkq k|bfg ul/g] 5 . of] Joj:yf cg'dltkqsf] clgjfo{ zt{sf] ?kdf /flvPsf]
5M–
!= cg'dltkq k|fKt u/]sf] bz jif{sf] lgldQ cg'dltkq k|fKt u/]sf] jif{b]lv g}
k|To]s jif{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] /sd e'Qmfg ug]{M–
jif{ /sd
klxnf] jif{ kfFr s/f]8
bf];|f] jif{ kfFr s/f]8
t];|f] jif{ bz s/f]8
rf}yf] jif{ aL; s/f]8
kfFrf} jif{ k}+tL; s/f]8
5}7f}+ jif{ krf; s/f]8
;ftf}+ jif{ Ps ca{

13. 13
cf7f}+ jif{ Ps ca{ kRrL; s/f]8
gjf}+ jif{ Ps ca{ krf; s/f]8
bzf}+ jif{ b'O{ ca{
@= cg'dltkq k|fKt u/]sf] bz jif{ e'Qmfg u/]kl5 gjLs/0f b:t"/ jfktsf] s"n ?=
@) ca{ !# s/f]8 dWo] dflysf] pkv08 -!_ adf]lhd e'Qmfg u/]sf] /sd s6fO{
afFsL /x]sf] /sd e'Qmfg u/]kl5 dfq cg'dltkq gjLs/0f x'g]5 .
u= u|fdL0f b"/;~rf/ ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ z'?df lk|mSj]G;L tf]Sbf *) xhf/ u|fxs ;+Vof
k'/ofPkl5 yk lk|mSj]G;L pknAw u/fpg] u/L GSM 900 df 2.4 MHz lk|mSj]G;L
pknAw u/fOPsf]n] ;f] zt{ oyfjt sfod ul/g]5 / ;f]xL adf]lhd cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g
;]jfsf] cg'dltkq k|fKt JolQmn] ;f] cg'dltkq k|fKt u/]sf] 5 dlxgfleq sDtLdf *)
xhf/ u|fxs ;+Vof k'/ofP kl5 bkmf !) adf]lhdsf] Go'gtd lk|mSj]G;L / tTsfn
lk|mSj]G;Lsf] pknAwtfsf] cfwf/df yk lk|mSj]G;L pknAw u/fOg]5 . t/ To:tf] ;]jf
k|bfosn] cg'dltkq lnPsf] @ jif{leqdf sDtLdf b'O{ nfv u|fxs ;+Vof k'/ofpg
g;s]df o; adf]lhd pknAw u/fOPsf] lk|mSj]G;L lkmtf{ lnO{ ;flassf] @=$ MHz
lk|mSj]G;L dfq sfod /flvg]5 .
ª= cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g ;]jfsf] lgldQ cfj]bg ug{ of]Uo ;]jf k|bfosn] of] gLlt k|f/De
ePsf] Psjif{ leq cfj]bg gu/]df ;f] sf] lgldQ 5'6ofOPsf] Go'gtd lk|mSj]G;L pknAw
gx'g ;Sg]5 . To:tf] lk|mSj]G;L cGo ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ pknAw u/fpg ;lsg]5 .
!%= /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L k|of]usf] cg'udg Joj:yf
/]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L k|of]usf] cg'udgsf] lgldQ b]xfosf] Joj:yf ul/g]5M–
s= /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;Lsf] k|of]usf] cg'udg ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno / g]kfn b"/;~rf/
k|flws/0fn] ug]{5g .
v= cg'udg sfo{df ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnodf /x]sf] k"jf{wf/ jf ef}lts ;fwgsf]
;d]t k|of]u ul/g]5 . cg'udg sfo{df ;+nUg k"jf{wf/x?sf] dd{t ;+ef/, :t/pGglt
tyf hgzlQmnfO{ cfjZos tflnd nufotsf] sfdsf] nflu g]kfn b"/;~rf/
k|flws/0fsf] ljQLo ;|f]tsf] ;d]t k|of]u ul/g]5 .
u= /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;Lsf] k|of]usf] If]qdf ljsl;t ePsf gjLgtd k|ljlw tyf cEof;x?sf]
af/]df lgoldt cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg ug]{ sfo{nfO{ nflu g]kfn b"/;~rf/
k|flws/0fsf] jflif{s sfo{s|ddf lgoldt ?kdf ;+nUg ul/g]5 .
3= g]kfn b"/;~rf/ k|flws/0fn] cGt/f{li6«o k|rng ;d]tsf] cfwf/df cfktsflng
Joj:yfkgsf] nflu lglZrt /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L tf]sL ;a} ;]jf k|bfosx?af6 ;f] adf]lhd
cfktsflng b"/;~rf/ ;]jf ;~rfng x'g] Joj:yf sfod ul/g]5 .

14. 14
!^= lk|mSj]G;L b:t"/ e'QmfgL k|lqmof
b"/;~rf/ lgodfjnL, @)%$ sf] lgod #! adf]lhd /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L jfktsf] b:t"/ k|To]s
cfly{s jif{df lgoldt ?kdf cg'dltkq k|fKt JolQmaf6 g]kfn b"/;~rf/ k|flws/0fn] c;"n
pk/ u/L ;]jf k|bfos cg';f/ ljt/0f ePsf] lk|mSj]G;L, c;"n ePsf] lk|mSj]G;L, aSof}tfsf]
cj:yf ;d]tsf] ljj/0f ;+nUg u/L g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{5 . lk|mSj]G;L b:t"/ e'QmfgL
b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5M–
s= k|To]s ;]jf k|bfosn] Microwave Frequency / Go'gtd lk|mSj]G;Lsf] b:t"/ k|To]s jif{
cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] ^ -5_ dlxgfleq e'Qmfg ug'{kg]{5 .
v= Go'gtd lk|mSj]G;L afx]s yk lk|mSj]G;L, clwstd lk|mSj]G;L / VSAT sf] b:t"/ k|To]s
cfly{s jif{sf] lgldQ ;f] cfly{s jif{ z'? ePsf] # -tLg_ dlxgfleq clu|d e'Qmfg
ug'{kg]{5 .
u= dfly v08 -s_ / -v_ sf] cjlwleq b:t"/ e'Qmfg gu/]df e'Qmfg ug{ afFsL b:t"/sf]
k|To]s dlxgf b'O{ k|ltztsf b/n] yk b:t"/ ;d]t nfUg]5 .
3= dfly v08 -u_ adf]lhd yk b:t"/ nfUg z'? ePsf] 5 dlxgf;Dddf klg lk|mSj]G;L
b:t"/ e'Qmfg gu/]df To:tf] ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ lbOPsf] lk|mSj]G;L cg'dlt vf/]h u/L ;f]
lk|mSj]G;L lkmtf{ lnOg]5 . e'Qmfg ug{ afFsL lk|mSj]G;L b:t"/ ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x c;'n
pk/ ul/g]5 .
!^= vf/]hL
s= o; /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L gLlt lgwf{/0f ;ldltsf] rf}wf}+ j}7saf6 :jLs[t æb"/;~rf/ ;]jfsf]
/]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L -afF8kmfF8 / d"No ;DaGwL_ gLlt, @)^*Æ vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .
v= o; gLltdf pNn]v ePsf afx]s /]l8of] lk|mSj]G;L gLlt lgwf{/0f ;ldltaf6 ;do
;dodf tf]lsPsf cGo lk|mSj]G;Lsf] b:t"/ ;f]xL adf]lhd x'g]5 .