.

1. 1
CMBUkTICMBUkTI 22 ³³
RbePTTinñn½y/RbePTTinñn½y/
GBaØatGBaØat nignig ArraysArrays1>
RbePTTinñn½yTMrg;gay
(Simple Types)
RbePTTinñn½yTMrg;gayRbePTTinñn½yTMrg;gay
mancMnYnmancMnYn 88³³ bytebyte,, shortshort,, intint,, longlong,,
charchar,, floatfloat,, doubledouble nignig booleanboolean..

2. 2
-- Floating-point numbersFloating-point numbers :: manman floatfloat nignig
doubledouble
EdltageGaycMnYnTsPaK.EdltageGaycMnYnTsPaK.
-- CharactersCharacters :: manEtmanEt charchar
EdltageGaynimitþsBaØaEdltageGaynimitþsBaØa
enAkñúgGkSr dUcCaenAkñúgGkSr dUcCa
tYGkSr nigelxCaedIm .tYGkSr nigelxCaedIm .
-- BooleanBoolean :: manEtmanEt booleanboolean

3. 3
eQµaHeQµaH TMhMTMhM bitbit
tMélEdnkMnttMélEdnkMnt;;
longlong 6464 −−9,223,372,036,854,775,8089,223,372,036,854,775,808 dl;dl;
9,223,372,036,854,775,8079,223,372,036,854,775,807
intint 3232 −−2,147,483,6482,147,483,648 dl;dl;
2,147,483,6472,147,483,647
shortshort 1616 −−32,76832,768 dl;dl; 32,76732,767
bytebyte 88 −−128128 dl;dl; 127127
doubledouble 6464 ±1.79769313486231570E+308±1.79769313486231570E+308

4. 4
]]TahrNTahrN__TTI 1 ³I 1 ³
eKcg;KNnacMnYneKcg;KNnacMnYn milesmiles
EdlBnøWeFVIdMeNIrEdlBnøWeFVIdMeNIr
kñúgry³eBlkMnt;mYy.kñúgry³eBlkMnt;mYy.
]]TahrNTahrN__TITI 2 ³2 ³
eKcg;KNnaRkLaépÞrgVg;eKcg;KNnaRkLaépÞrgVg;
..
-- rIÉrIÉ charchar
PP
PP

5. 5
]]TahrNTahrN__TTI 1 ³I 1 ³
bgðajBIkareRbITinñn½yRbgðajBIkareRbITinñn½yR
bePTbePT charchar..
]]TahrNTahrN__TTI 2 ³I 2 ³
kareFVIRbmaNviFIbUkCakareFVIRbmaNviFIbUkCa
mYynwgTinñn½yRbePTmYynwgTinñn½yRbePT
charchar )an.)an.
- cMeBaH RbePTTinñn½ycMeBaH RbePTTinñn½y
PP
PP
PP

6. 6
2>2> kareRbIBakükareRbIBakü ((Lexical IssuesLexical Issues))
2>12>1 tMNktMNkXøaXøa (Whitespace)(Whitespace)
JavaJava CaPasamanTMrg;esrI. )CaPasamanTMrg;esrI. )
ann½yfaeKmincaM)ac;ann½yfaeKmincaM)ac;
GnuelamtameKalkarN_énkardkXøaGnuelamtameKalkarN_énkardkXøa
cuHedImbnÞat;Biess NamYyeLIy.cuHedImbnÞat;Biess NamYyeLIy.
tMNkXøaKWCakardkXøamYytMNkXøaKWCakardkXøamYy spacespace//
mYymYy tabtab nigmYybnÞat;.nigmYybnÞat;.

7. 7
2>22>2 GMBIGMBI IdentifiersIdentifiers
IdentifiersIdentifiers RtUv)aneRbIcMeBaHeQµaHRtUv)aneRbIcMeBaHeQµaH classclass/ eQµaH/ eQµaH methodmethod
nigeQµaHGBaØat.nigeQµaHGBaØat. IdentifierIdentifier mYyGaceRbICa GkSrtUcFMmYyGaceRbICa GkSrtUcFM
Caelx b¤CatYGkSrsBaØaCaelx b¤CatYGkSrsBaØa underscoreunderscore nigsBaØanigsBaØa $$..
vaminRtUvcab;epþImedayelxeTvaminRtUvcab;epþImedayelxeT
eRBaHvaGacRcLMnwgcMnYn elx. ]TahrN_eRBaHvaGacRcLMnwgcMnYn elx. ]TahrN_ identifiersidentifiers
EdlmanlkçN³RtwmRtUv³EdlmanlkçN³RtwmRtUv³
AvgTemp count a4 $test this_is_okAvgTemp count a4 $test this_is_ok
eQµaHGBaØatmanlkçN³minRtwmRtUv dUcCa³eQµaHGBaØatmanlkçN³minRtwmRtUv dUcCa³
2count high-temp Not/ok2count high-temp Not/ok

8. 8
2>32>3 kk,Ü,ÜnsMenrnsMenr (Literals)(Literals)
tMélefrmYyenAkñúgPasatMélefrmYyenAkñúgPasa JavaJava
RtUv)anbegáIteLIgRtUv)anbegáIteLIg
edayeRbItMNagBakümYytamkedayeRbItMNagBakümYytamk
,ÜnsMenr eGaytMélenaH. ],ÜnsMenr eGaytMélenaH. ]
TahrN_xageRkamenHCakartaTahrN_xageRkamenHCakarta
gBaküsMenrmYycMnYneGay)gBaküsMenrmYycMnYneGay)
anRtwmRtUv³anRtwmRtUv³
100 98.6100 98.6 'X''X' "This is a test""This is a test"

9. 9
-- RbePTcMnYnKt;RbePTcMnYnKt; ³ eKGacsMKal;tMél³ eKGacsMKal;tMél OctalOctal edayeRbIelxedayeRbIelx
sUnüdak;BImux.sUnüdak;BImux. tMélrbs;tMélrbs; OctalOctal cenøaHBIcenøaHBI 00 eTAeTA 77. tMél. tMél HexadecimalHexadecimal
sMKal;)anedaysMKal;)aneday 0x0x b¤b¤ OXOX enABImux. tMélelxrbs;enABImux. tMélelxrbs; HexadecimalHexadecimal cenøaHBIcenøaHBI 00
eTAeTA 1515 dUecñH eKeRbIdUecñH eKeRbI AA dl;dl; FF ¬b¤¬b¤ aa dl;dl; ff¦ CMnYselxBI¦ CMnYselxBI 1010 dl;dl; 1515..
cMnYnKt;RbePTcMnYnKt;RbePT longlong Edl)anpÞúktMélFMenaHRtUvbBa¢ak;enAEdl)anpÞúktMélFMenaHRtUvbBa¢ak;enA
xageRkayelxnUvGkSrxageRkayelxnUvGkSr LL ¬¬ll b¤b¤ LL¦ dUcCa¦ dUcCa 0x70x7ffffffffffffffLffffffffffffffL b¤b¤
92233720368547758079223372036854775807LL..

10. 10
-- RbePTcMnYnTsPaKRbePTcMnYnTsPaK ³ tamlkçN³³ tamlkçN³ standard notationstandard notation dUcCadUcCa 2.0, 3.141592.0, 3.14159 nignig
lkçN³lkçN³ scientific notationscientific notation dUcCadUcCa 6.022E23, 314159E6.022E23, 314159E−−0505 nignig 2e+1002e+100. eK. eK
RtUvEtdak;GkSrRtUvEtdak;GkSr FF b¤b¤ ff enABIeRkayelxTsPaKedIm,IbBa¢ak;enABIeRkayelxTsPaKedIm,IbBa¢ak;
nUvRbePTnUvRbePT floatfloat. RbePT. RbePT doubledouble eKGacdak;b¤mindak; GkSreKGacdak;b¤mindak; GkSr DD b¤b¤ dd ..
- RbePTRbePT booleanboolean ³ vamanEtBIrtMélKW³ vamanEtBIrtMélKW truetrue nignig falsefalse..

11. 11
- RbePTRbePT charchar ³ cMeBaHtYGkSr³ cMeBaHtYGkSr ASCIIASCII
dUcCadUcCa 'a', 'z''a', 'z' nignig ''@@''..
eRkABIenHenAmantYGkSrEdleReRkABIenHenAmantYGkSrEdleR
bICamYysBaØabICamYysBaØa ''''..
dddddd Octal character (ddd)Octal character (ddd)
uxxxxuxxxx Hexadecimal UNICODE character (xxxx)Hexadecimal UNICODE character (xxxx)
’’ Single quoteSingle quote
”” Double quoteDouble quote
BackslashBackslash
rr Carriage returnCarriage return
nn New line (also known as line feed)New line (also known as line feed)
ff Form feedForm feed
tt TabTab
bb BackspaceBackspace

12. 12
- RbePTRbePT stringstring ³ k,ÜnsMenrGkSrRbePT³ k,ÜnsMenrGkSrRbePT stringstring KWGkSrRtUvKWGkSrRtUv
sresrdak;kñúgcenøaHsBaØasresrdak;kñúgcenøaHsBaØa "…""…"..
]]TahrNTahrN_ ³_ ³ "Hello, world""Hello, world"
"twonlines""twonlines"
""This is in quotes""""This is in quotes""
KYrcgcaMfaKYrcgcaMfa stringstring rbs;rbs; JavaJava RtUvEtcab;epþImnigbBa©b;RtUvEtcab;epþImnigbBa©b;
enAelIbnÞat;EtmYy eRBaHvaBMumansBaØaenAelIbnÞat;EtmYy eRBaHvaBMumansBaØa
b¤GkSrsMrab;P¢ab;b¤GkSrsMrab;P¢ab; stringstring
enAelIbnÞat;BIrepSgKñadUcPasaepSgeLIy.enAelIbnÞat;BIrepSgKñadUcPasaepSgeLIy.

13. 13
-- kareRbIkareRbI commentscomments :: vamanbIRbePTEdl)aneRbIkñúg PasavamanbIRbePTEdl)aneRbIkñúg Pasa JavaJava..
 eRbIsBaØaeRbIsBaØa //……//…… sMrab;karBnül;elImYybnÞat;sMrab;karBnül;elImYybnÞat;
 eRbIsBaØaeRbIsBaØa /* …… *//* …… */ sMrab;karBnül;maneRcInbnÞat;sMrab;karBnül;maneRcInbnÞat;
 eRbIsBaØaeRbIsBaØa /** …… *//** …… */ CamYyÉksarCamYyÉksar HTMLHTML sMrab; kMNt;RtaÉksarsMrab; kMNt;RtaÉksar
((documentation commentdocumentation comment))..

14. 14
-- BakBaküüsMxan;sMxan;²²rbs;rbs; JavaJava ::
(The Java Reserved Keywords)(The Java Reserved Keywords)
abstractabstract continuecontinue finallyfinally interfaceinterface
booleanboolean defaultdefault floatfloat longlong
breakbreak dodo forfor nativenative
bytebyte doubledouble ifif newnew
casecase elseelse implementsimplements nullnull
catchcatch extendsextends importimport packagepackage
charchar falsefalse instanceofinstanceof privateprivate
classclass finalfinal intint protectedprotected

15. 15
The Java Reserved Keywords (cont.)The Java Reserved Keywords (cont.)
publicpublic thisthis
returnreturn throwthrow
shortshort throwsthrows
staticstatic transienttransient
strictfpstrictfp truetrue
supersuper trytry
switchswitch voidvoid
synchronizedsynchronized volatilevolatile
whilewhile
byvaluebyvalue
castcast
constconst
futurefuture
genericgeneric
gotogoto
innerinner
operatoroperator
outerouter
restrest
varvar

16. 16
- ssBaØBaØax½ax½NÐNÐbMEbkbMEbk (Separators)(Separators)
::PasaPasa JavaJava mantYGkSrmYymantYGkSrmYy
cMnYntUcEdleRbICasBaØaxcMnYntUcEdleRbICasBaØax
½NÐbMEbk.½NÐbMEbk.
sBaØax½NÐbMEbkEdlsBaØax½NÐbMEbkEdl
eKeRbIjwkjab;CageKkñúgPaseKeRbIjwkjab;CageKkñúgPas
aa JavaJava enaHKWsBaØacucek,ósenaHKWsBaØacucek,ós
(( ;; )). sBaØa. sBaØa ;;

17. 17
3>3> GGBaØBaØaatt (Variables)(Variables)
TMrg;énkarRbkasGBaØatTMrg;énkarRbkasGBaØat
mandUcxageRkamenH ³mandUcxageRkamenH ³
type identifiertype identifier [=[= valuevalue][,][, identifieridentifier [=[= valuevalue ]…];]…];
]]TahrNTahrN_ ³_ ³ int a, b, c;int a, b, c;
int d = 3, e, f = 5;int d = 3, e, f = 5;
byte z = 22;byte z = 22;
double pi = 3.14159;double pi = 3.14159;

18. 18
kmµviFIxageRkamenHCakmµviFIxageRkamenHCa
kmµviFItUcmYyKNnaRbEkmµviFItUcmYyKNnaRbE
vgvg
GIub:UetnusénRtIekaNEkGIub:UetnusénRtIekaNEk
gkalNaeKsÁal;RbEvgRCugkalNaeKsÁal;RbEvgRCu
gBIr epSgeTot.gBIr epSgeTot.
JavaJava
GaceGayGBaØatRbkasenGaceGayGBaØatRbkasen
PP
PP

19. 19
4>4>
karbMElgkarbMElgRbRbePTTePTTinñinñn½yn½y
nigkarkMNt;bnigkarkMNt;bBa¢Ba¢ak;ak;
RbRbePTTiePTTinñnñn½yn½y (Type conversion(Type conversion
and Casting)and Casting)
--
cMeBaHRbePTTinñn½ybcMeBaHRbePTTinñn½yb
MElgedaysV½yRbvtþ ³MElgedaysV½yRbvtþ ³
int y = 10;int y = 10;
PP

20. 20
5>5> GMBIGMBI ArrayArray
ArrayArray
KWCasMNMuGBaØatEdlKWCasMNMuGBaØatEdl
manRbePTTinñn½ydUcKñmanRbePTTinñn½ydUcKñ
a eRkameQµaHrYmmYya eRkameQµaHrYmmYy
RKan;EtxusKñaedayelxRKan;EtxusKñaedayelx
indexindex..
-- cMeBaHcMeBaH arrayarray
mYyvimaRt ³mYyvimaRt ³
PP

21. 21
eKGacRbkaseKGacRbkas arrayarray
edaykMNt;tMél ³edaykMNt;tMél ³
int nums[]= {12, 23, 34, 45, 56};int nums[]= {12, 23, 34, 45, 56};
- cMeBaH- cMeBaH arrayarray
eRcInvimaRt ³eRcInvimaRt ³
TMrg;TUeTAénkarRbkasTMrg;TUeTAénkarRbkas
arrayarray BIrvimaRt KW ³BIrvimaRt KW ³
typetype array_vararray_var [ ][ ][ ][ ] = new= new type[size][size];type[size][size];
PP
PP
PP
PP

22. 22
eKGackMnt;vimaRténeKGackMnt;vimaRtén arrayarray
EdlmanTMhMmindUcKñaEdlmanTMhMmindUcKña
EteKRtUv bBa¢ak;TMhMEteKRtUv bBa¢ak;TMhM
memorymemory sMrab; vimaRtTImYysMrab; vimaRtTImYy
¬enAxageqVg eKbg¥s;¦.¬enAxageqVg eKbg¥s;¦.
rYcehIyrYcehIy
eKkMnt;vimaRtEdlenAsl;eKkMnt;vimaRtEdlenAsl;
edayELk BIKñaCaeRkay.edayELk BIKñaCaeRkay.
PP

23. 23
6>6> TMrg;TMrg;RbRbkaskas ArrayArray
mmYyEbbeYyEbbeToTott
karRbkasGBaØatTaMgBIrkarRbkasGBaØatTaMgBIr
enAxageRkamenHKWsmenAxageRkamenHKWsm
mUlKña ³mUlKña ³
int a1[] = new int[3];int a1[] = new int[3];
int[] a2 = new int[3];int[] a2 = new int[3];

24. 24
1 -1 - etIenAkñúgPasaetIenAkñúgPasa JavaJava
manRbePTTinñn½yTMrg;manRbePTTinñn½yTMrg;
gayGVIxøH?gayGVIxøH?
2 -2 -
cUrsresrkmµviFImYyEdlGcUrsresrkmµviFImYyEdlG
aceGayeKKNnaplbUksV‘ÍtaceGayeKKNnaplbUksV‘Ít
sMNYrsMNYr
niglMhat;niglMhat;

25. 25
4 -4 - cUrsresrcUrsresr codecode
edIm,IRbkasedIm,IRbkas arrayarray
mYyEdleGayeKmYyEdleGayeK
GacpÞúktMélCaGacpÞúktMélCa charchar
tamTMrg;xageRkam ³tamTMrg;xageRkam ³
5 -5 -
1.1 1.2 1.3
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4
3.1 3.2
H E L L O
M Y D A R L I N G