Estriol is one of three estrogen Hormones. Estriol level rise throughout pregnancy helping to keep you uterus and unborn healthy. High level of Estriol leads to Down syndrome, SLOS syndrome and labor induction. Low level of Estriol cause premature birth.
2. Department of Zoology
Presented By : Neha Mubeen
Reg No : 20M- UOC / ZOOL – 45
Bs Zoology
Session 2020-2024
Subject : Endocrinology
Submitted To: Dr Syeda Nadia Ahmad
Topic: Disorders of Estriol
3. Estriol
•One of the estrogen Hormone.
•Estriol levels increase throughout
pregnancy, helping to keep the Ut-
-erus and fetus healthy.
•Highest level just before delivery.
•They help your body prepare for
•labor and birth.
Figure 1.1:structure of Estriol
(https://images.app.goo.gl
Figure 1.1:Structure of
Estriol
(https://image.app.goo.gl)
5. Functions
•Helps your uterus develop as the fetus grows.
•Makes your body more sensitive to other pregnancy hormones.
•Prepares your body for labor , birth and breastfeeding.
•Estriol levels begin to increase around the week 8 of pregnancy.
•They continue to increase throughout
pregnancy(OSTERGARD,1973).
8. • It is a genetic disorder in
which a person born with
an extra copy of chromos-
-ome 21.
It cause mild to serious py-
-sical and developement pr-
-oblems.(Newby, 2000)
Figure 1.4: Down Syndrome
( https:image.app.goo.gl)
Down syndrome
9. Symptoms
•Eyes that slant up at the outer corner
•Small ears
•Flat noses
•Protruding tongue
•Tiny white spots in the colored part of the eyes
•Short neck
•Small hands and feet
•Short stature
12. SLOS syndrome
•Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is genetic disorder in
which the body’s ability to produce cholesterol is impaired due
to a deficiency in the enzyme 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase.
•The cause is a mutations in the DHCR7 gene. Cholesterol is
essential for the cell structure and is necessary for the normal
development of the baby.
•For this reason babies with SLOS often have birth
defects(Gulec, 2022).
13. Symptoms
•Common features of SLOS include slow growth, a small head
(microcephaly) and mild to severe intellectual disability.
•Birth defects such as extra fingers and toes (polydactyly) are
also very common.
• SLOS is a real condition. Some individuals with SLOS have
normal development and only minor features(Gulec, 2022).
14. Treatment
•There is no cure for SLOS, but some symptoms can be treated.
The main treatment is to supplement the patient’s diet with large
amounts of cholesterol, either as purified cholesterol or in the
form of food such as egg yolks and cream. It has been shown to
improve symptoms(Gulec, 2022).
15. Labor Induction
•People who have low estriol levels just before giving birth may
not be able to have children on their own.
• Healthcare providers will use labor induction to artificially
induce labor(Konopka, 2013)
16. High Estriol Level
Premature Birth
•A sudden increase in estriol levels before the 37th week of
pregnancy can leads to the risk of premature birth.
•Healthcare providers don not test estriol levels for this reason .
•The third trimester estriol levels are associated with preterm
birth(Khandre, 2022)
17. Reference
•Antonarakis, S. E., Skotko, B. G., Rafii, M. S., Strydom, A.,
Pape, S. E., Bianchi, D. W., … & Reeves, R. H. (2020).
Down syndrome. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 6(1), 9.
•Khandre, V., Potdar, J., Keerti, A., & Khandre Jr, V. (2022).
Preterm birth: an overview. Cureus, 14(12).
•Gulec, E. Y., Gezdirici, A., Akif, A. Y. A. Z., Ozturk, F. N., &
Polat, I. (2022). How to Manage Low Estriol Levels in
Pregnancies, One Center Experience. Medeniyet Medical
Journal, 37(1), 62.
