3. Presentation Topic: China as a Strategic partner or an emerging economic threat to
Pakistan
Presented To: Muhammad Qadeer
Presented By: Group no 01
Group Members: Rana Muneeb Ur Rehman
Sarmad Sajjid
Muhammad Imran
Salal Saleem
Jawad Ali
4. Contents:
1. Pak-China Realationship Background
2. Diplomatic, Economic & Military
relations
3. Chinese role in Pakistan Nuclear
Program
4. What is CPEC
5. Catalysing Growth with CPEC
a) Benefits to Pakistan
b) Benefits to China
c) Benefits to region
5. Sino-Pak Relation:
• Pakistan has a long and symbiotic relationship with
China. which is based on mutual support
• Pakistan And China Relationship Began In 1950 as
Pakistan is the First Muslim Country To Establish
Relations With China
• PAKISTAN helped china to build a relation with the
Muslim world
• Due to Pakistan , china became a member of UN
• The two countries had regularly exchanged high-
level visits resulting in a variety of agreements
6. DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS:
• Diplomatic relations between Pakistan and China were
established on 21 May 1951
• In Sino-Indian war 1962, China and Pakistan joined hands
against India
• One year after Sino- India war, Pakistan built the Karakoram
Highway to China to improve diplomatic relations
• AS, Pakistan opened a gate for China to the West ,that made
possible Nixon US president visit to China in 1972. China in
turn provided extensive economic aid and political support
towards Pakistan
• after 9/11, Pakistan has increased the scope of Chinese influence
and support by agreeing to a number of military projects,
combined with extensive economic support and investment from
the Chinese
• China supports Pakistan on Kashmir while Pakistan supports
China on the issues of Xinjiang ,Tibet, and Taiwan
7. ECONOMIC RELATIONS:
• Economic Co-operation Began In 1979
• Economic trade between Pakistan and China is increased in
recent years. China greatly increases its investments in Pakistan
• China is helping to develop Pakistan's infrastructure through
the construction of power plants, roads and communication
nodes
• Zong (1st3G and 4G mobile network operator in Pakistan) is the
first overseas setup and it relates to china
• China sponsored a wide variety of
a) Saindak Copper project in Baluchistan.
b) The machine tool factory of Karachi.
c) Dawood wind power project at Sindh.
d) Coal fired power plant(GW), Karachi Sahiwal and Jhelum.
8. Military relations:
• China enjoys strong defense ties with Pakistan
• China provided a lot of military equipment's to the Pakistan Army,
helping in establishment of factories, providing technological facilities.
as well as financial support
1) Heavy mechanical complex
2) Aeronautical complex (kamra)
• The armies had also scheduled a joint military exercises
• china helped Pakistan when there is no hope of external support E.g.
in 1965,1971 wars.
• Some joint ventures of Sino-Pak.
9. CHINA'S ROLE IN PAKISTAN'S
NUCLEAR POWER
•
•
•
China helped Pakistan in developing its
nuclear power plants .
China gave technical and material
support in completing Chashma nuclear
power plant I, II, III ,IV V. That played a
major role in uranium production.
Chinese helped in building the Khushab
reactor, which is playing a key role in
Pakistan's production of plutonium.
10. Contents:
5.Catalysing Growth with CPEC
a)Benefits to Pakistan
b)Benefits to China
c)Benefits to region
1. Sino-Pak relationship Background
2. Diplomatic, Economic & Military relations
3. Chinese role in Pakistan Nuclear Program
4. What is CPEC
11. What is CPEC:
•The China Pakistan economic corridor (CPEC)
is being developed as part of strategic
partnership between the Governments of
Pakistan and China. CPEC was announced
during the visit of Pakistani premier to China in
July 2013. China Pakistan economic (CPEC)
corridor is a long term plan having a time frame
of 2014 – 2030. Total Investment of China on
CPEC is about $ 46 billion.
12. CPEC via Gawadar Port will act as a funnel for Western China, Northern India, CentralAsia andAfghanistan
South Asia remains one of the least integrated regions in the world
17. Page 28
Short Distance and Low Cost
•Europe to Western China Route
–
–
–
Distance will be reduced by 50%
Cost of transportation will be lowered by 50-65%
Time cut by 50%
•Middle East to Western China Route
– Distance will be reduced by over 80%
– Cost of transportation will be lowered over 75%
– Time cut by over 85%
Safer Route
– 60 percent of China’s imported oil comes from the Middle East, 80 percent of that is transported to
China through the Strait of Malaaca
– CPEC will allow China an alternative route, to move energy and goods to inland China without going
through the Strait of Malacca (bypassing an entire region influenced by the US and India)
Benefit to China
18. OPPORTUNITIES FOR INDIA
•Gravity Model suggests a potential increase of 10-15 times of the
current trade with central Asia if routed through Pakistan & Afghanistan.
• CPEC will double the Indian trade with china.
•After improvement in bilateral relations, India can secure 2.6 billion
USD trade in addition to the current 3 billion USD with Pakistan.
•Pakistani Ports will be the convenient transit for North western India as
compared to Mumbai and Calcutta.
• Central Asian fuel will cater growing Indian energy needs.
19.
20. OPPORTUNITIES FOR CENTRALASIA
• Gwadar will be a gateway for Central Asia.
• Central Asia can be connected to CPEC via Tirmiz, the southern city
of Uzbekistan.
•CPEC and its related future projects can cater both Turkmenistan and
Uzbekistan’s liquid cargo through pipelines and Kazakhstan and
Kyrgyzstan’s dry cargo via road.
• Can increase energy market share in Western China and India. .
•For Landlocked countries, distance coefficient of gravity model is
5.5% (every 1% decrease in distance from port increases the trade by 5.5% and CPEC will decrease
this distance by 22%.)
21. OPPORTUNITIES FOR AFGHANISTAN
Afghanistan can be connected to western alignment of CPEC from
Chaman and eastern alignment with Peshawar from Jalalabad.
•CPEC will provide shortest and most cost effective route for landlocked
Afghanistan to China, India and Indian ocean.
• Approx. 600km less as compared to the other nearest port of
Chabahar.
•CPEC will also help in making Afghanistan a transit route for energy
rich Central Asia and energy starved South Asia.
• Improve Geo-Political scenario for early completion of CASA 1000
and TAPI
22. CONCLUSION
(Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan,Kazakhstan,Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Russia) would also get
CPEC is a game changer for the region not only Pakistan and
China will getbenefits but all other countries will also
be benefited as well. Definitely the companies of other
countries which export goods and services to China would
like to use the proposed route because of less shipping cost
and transit time. Land locked central Asian countries
benefits of shortest way to sea port of Gwadar which is
only at a distance of 2500 km as compared to Iran (4500
km) and Turkey (5000 km)
This route not only serves China but also European countries,
Middle Eastern countries and land locked central
Asian countries.
23. THREATS TO PAKISTAN ECNOMY BY
CHINA
Why china want to friendship with Pakistan ?
Due to gawadar port can easily enter into indian
ocean dilvery become fast and transport becomes fast .80
percent trade is by indian ocean .
Silk Road
Chinese culture will transfer its customs.
Pakistani market
Mobile and household products.
24. •CEPEC has become 8 years the first phase must
completed into 2022 but 22 energy projects 14
completed 24 transportataion projects 6 completed
14 gawadar projects 4 completed 27 social
development projects 5 completed.
Corruption
• Offical expect that 80 percent of investment on
CEPEC is lost to corruption by lt.General asim
saleem bajwa.
25. POLITICAL INSTABILITY
Political instability is linked with likelihood of having
demonstrations ,strikes and various forms of violence ,crimes
regime reversals and government collapse Energy projects
• Energy Projects
China is investing only on energy projects through energy projects
electricity produce .
ML –I PROJECT which include of upgrading 1872km railway
track from pesahwar to Karachi
26. Debt
Pakistan will have pay back 100 billion dollars to china by 2024.Pakistan is among eight
countries with worrying level of debt .
Unemploynment
High unemployment In GAWADAR due to illegal trallers local peoples are deprived
hunting Majority of occupation is fishing .Most probably china bringing 7 billion workers
and 400,000 will work in GILGIT BALTISTAN .Moreover government has also cancelled
the licens for local miners and mining is handed to chines .
BALOCHISTAN AND CEPEC
BALOCHISTAN AND CEPEC IN Gwadar shortage of water .71 percent poverty
.Mentally upset to illegal policies of PAK ARMY .On the other hand BALOCHISTAN
LIBERATION ARMY and TTP against Of CEPEC PROJECT .number of chines has been
killing in PAKISTAN .And CHINA is providing no more budget .
27. • ENVIRONMEMTAL
ISSUES
Chines are known for implementing on projects without
caring environmental issues 70, 000 trucks will pass through
the region daily basis emitting carbon large amount of
carbon .The government also lay railway tracks in mountain
areas by building a number of tunnels in mountains.
• Climate change
Climate change Galaceries are melting fastly when melt
cause flood and affected the neighbouring villages.
