Biomechanics and Pathomechanics of Thoracic Spine.

1. BIOMECHANICS OF
THORACIC SPINE
Submitted By: Sakshi Upadhyay
MPT Sports

2. Anatomy of Spine
• The human spine is made up of 33 spinal bones, called vertebrae.
• Commonly known as Spine, Spinal
Column and Backbone.
7 CERVICAL
12 THORACIC
5 LUMBAR
5 SACRAL
4 COCCYGEAL

3. • Vertebral Column Located just below the occipital bone and extends
up to the tip of the coccyx (tailbone).
Parts of the Vertebral Column
• Spinous processes
• Transverse processes
• Pedicles
• Lamina
• Articular processes

4. • There are 12 medium-sized thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12) in the spine,
with thicker intervertebral discs than cervical ones.
• The size of the individual vertebra increases gradually down the spine.
• Their function is to articulate with the bony ribs, forming the rib cage
or thoracic cage.

5. STRUCTURE OF A TYPICAL VERTEBRAE

6. THORACIC SPINE

7. • FACETS
• They are located on the sides of each vertebral body.
• Consist of cartilage lined depression, articulate with head of the ribs.
• JOINTS
SUPERIOR FACET :
articulate with head of
adjacent ribs.
INFERIOR FACET : articulate
with the head of the rib
below.
COSTOVERTEBRAL JOINT : Head of rib
articulate with
• Superior costal facet of corresponding
vertebrae.
• Inferior costal facet of the superior
vertebrae.
• Intervertebral disc
COSTOTRANSVERSE JOINT
Articulation of transverse process of a thoracic
vertebrae and the tubercle of the adjacent ribs.
Present in all vertebrae except T11 and T12

8. LIGAMENTS

9. MUSCLES

13. REFERENCES
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4534848/
• JOINT STRUCTURE and FUNCTION by Cynthia Norkins