Microscopia del Clinker

1. Microscopy
2
3. How YOU can optimize clinker production3. How YOU can optimize clinker production
Reflected
light
microscope
Etched,
polished,
section
Helps when you can see the clinker minerals

2. 3
Evaluation of Clinker Manufacturing Process
Silent witnesses never lie.
YOU
4
Clinker to the Microscope

3. 5
Appearance of Clinker Minerals: Alite (Idiomorphic)
10 µm
Alite
6
Alite and Belite Microstructure, well formed angular alite

4. 7
Electronic Microscopy
9-4
8
Appearance of Clinker Minerals: Belite (Lamellar Structure)
20 µm
Belite
Belite
Alite
(α β)
(α α)

5. 9
Appearance of Clinker Minerals: Belite (Finger Structure)
50 µm
Belite
Belite
Alite
(Finger)
(Finger)
α
10
Appearance of Clinker Minerals: Belite (Secondary)
20 µm
Primary
Belite
Secondary
Belite
Alite

6. 11
Appearance of Clinker Minerals: Aluminate (Cubic)
10 µmCubic Aluminate
Alite
Belite
Ferrite
12
Appearance of Clinker Minerals: Aluminate (Alkali)
10 µm
Alite
Alkali Aluminate

7. 13
Appearance of Clinker Minerals: Free CaO
50 µmFree CaO
Alite
Pore
14
Perfect Raw Meal Mixing
(Homogeneous clinker texture)
150 µmPore
Alite
Belite
Liquid
Phase

8. 15
Inadequate Raw Meal Mixing
(Inhomogeneous clinker texture)
200 µmBelite
Alite
Free
CaO
16
Ineffective Raw Meal Grinding
(Oversize quartz grains)
30 µm
Pore
Free CaO
Belite Nest (ex Oversize Quartz)
Alite

9. 17
Inadequate Raw Meal Grinding
(Oversize free CaO grains)
50 µm
Pore
Alite
Free CaO Nest (ex Oversize Calcite)
Belite
18
Incorrect Clinker Burning
(Overheating)
75 µm
Large
alite with
internal
cracking

10. 19
Very Rapid Clinker Cooling
(Aluminate and ferrite finely mixed)
15 µmHomogeneous
Liquid Phase
Pore
Alite
Belite
20
Normal Clinker Cooling: (Aluminate and ferrite crystallize
separately, alite only very slightly decomposed)
10 µmAluminate
Ferrite
Slight alite
decomposition

11. 21
Insufficient Clinker Cooling
(Moderate alite decomposition)
10 µmAlite decomposition rim
22
Wholly Insufficient Clinker Cooling
(Advanced alite decomposition)
15 µmAlite decomposition rim