The document discusses brain development from conception through adulthood. It notes that the brain begins developing shortly after conception and continues throughout life. During early childhood, the brain undergoes rapid changes in size and myelination as plasticity allows it to learn and adapt. Neglect or abuse can impair proper frontal lobe development. During adolescence, pruning and myelination increase efficiency as the brain matures into adulthood. Both genetics and the environment influence how genes express themselves in the developing brain.
2. Brain Development
• It begins shortly after conception and
continuous through the life span
• Maybe affected through sensing pathways by
sound, touch, vision, smell, and thoughts.
• The important aspects of brain is the ability to
change during young age.
7. The Human Brain
• Frontal lobe –
voluntary
movement,thinking,
and personality
• Parietal lobe - speech,
language, attention,
sensation, motor
control
• Occipital Lobe- Vision
• Temporal Lobe -
hearing, language and
memory processing
8. Early Childhood
Rapid change of brain
Process of myelination continue and brain size
increase
Brain Plasticity
Flexible and prepared to learn
Blooming and Pruning
9. Early Childhood
3 years – Most rapid changes due to
bombardment of experiences
- Brain is ¾ of adult size
- 1090 grams for famale brain
- 1270 grams for male brain
10. Early Childhood
4 years old – brain increase 80% of adult size
- Temporal Lobe (auditory
myelination is complete)
5 years Old - Occipital lobe reaches adult
levels
11. Early Childhood
Effects of Neglect and/ or abuse
-the frontal lobe develops improperly when
deprived of affection and positive emotional
experiences
-Lack of stimulation causes
neurons in the brain to die off
14. Middle Childhood
• Brain volume stabilizes
Weight : 1440 grams in male
1260 grams in female
6- 7 years old –maturation of occipital lobe
- Contrast sensitivity and peripheral
vision reach adult levels
8 years old- maturation of temporal lobe
Brain maintain flexible for future learning
15. Adolescence
• Transition from childhood to adulthood
• Social, psychological and emotional changes
accompany by puberty
• Selective pruning takes place
- Frontal lobe loses 3%
• Myelination- allows to operate more effeciency
• Emotional Control
Amygdala- Holds emotional memory
- develops before frontal develops
21. Genetics and Environment
• There is an evident that early experience can
dramatically alter the genes are expressed in
developing brain
• Teens experience is a greater desire & need to
thrill-seeking than any other age group
