planning: description, tools, principles, strategies and types.

1. PLANNING
“Thinking
before Acting”
Presented by: SADIA AFRIN EVA

2. MEANING OF
PLANNING
Planning is deciding in advance what to do,
how to do, when to do and who to do. It
involves anticipating the future and
consciously choosing the future course of
action.
According to HAIMANN, “Planning is
the function that determines in
advance what should be done.”

3. What is PLANNING?
Planning is a process of

4. PLANNING TOOLS
The seven Management and
Planning Tools are:-
 The Affinity Diagram
 The Tree Diagram
 The Matrix Diagram
 Prioritization Matrices
 The Process Decision Program Chart
 The Activity Network Diagram

5. Nature of
PLANNING
 Planning is goal-oriented
 Planning is a primary function
 Planning is all-pervasive
 Planning is a continuous process
 Planning is forward-looking
 Planning involves choice
 Planning is directed toward efficiency

6. Process of
PLANNING
The main steps in planning process are
as follow:-
Step 1- DEFINE THE TASK-
Step 2- IDENTIFY RESOURCES-
Step 3- CONSIDER ALTERNATIVE-
Step 4- CREATE THE PLANNING-
Step 5- WORK THE PLAN-
Step 6- EVALUATE-

7. Strategic Planning
Process

8. Importance of
PLANNING
 Focuses attention on objectives and result
 Reduces uncertainty and risk
 Provides sense of direction
 Encourages innovation and creativity
 Helps in co-ordination
 Guides decision-making
 Provide efficiency in operation

9. Principles of
PLANNING
o Principle of contribution to objectives
o Principle of efficiency of plans
o Principle of primary of planning
o Principle of planning premises
o Principle of policy framework
o Principle of timing
o Principle of alternatives
o Principle of limiting factor
o Principle of commitment
o Principle of flexibility
o Principle of navigational change
o Principle of competitive strategies

10. Types of PLANNING
There are three major types of planning.

11. Types of PLANNING
After those three major types there are
also a lots of basic types of planning.
 Group or sectional planning
 Project planning
 Departmental or Divisional planning
 Workforce planning
 Health planning
 Disaster planning
 Corporate planning
 Business planning and so on.

12. Group or sectional
planning
Group or sectional
planning refers to specific
groups or section within a
department or division.
Group or sectional
planning are formulated
mainly at the operating level
of management. They have to
approved by higher
authorities.

13. Project Planning

14. Departmental or
Divisional Planning
Such planning includes the
plans formulated for various
departments or division of an
enterprise. It determines the
scope and activities of a
particular department.
Departmental or divisional
plans are formulated at the
middle level of management
and approved by the top
management.

15. Workforce Planning

16. Health Planning
Health planning is defined
as the orderly process of
defining community health
problems, identifying unmet
needs of people and
surveying the resources to
meet the established
priority goals that are
realistic and feasible and
projecting administrative
actions to accomplish the
purpose of the proposed
programs.

17. Disaster Planning

18. Planning for the
company as a whole is
known as corporate
planning. It lays down
objectives, strategic and
policies for the entire
organization.
Corporate planning is
done at the top level of
management.
Corporate
Planning

19. Business Planning

20. Limitation of
PLANNING
 Lack of accurate information
 Time and cost
 Resistance to change
 Lock of ability to plans
 False sense of security
 Environmental constraints

21. THANK YOU