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Emotions and Agents in Games
The document discusses the roles of emotions and agents in gaming, emphasizing how player experience is crafted through actions, feelings, and learning. It highlights the significance of emotional engagement in games and the influence of believable character agents on social experiences. The importance of managing progression, challenge, and the flow of player experiences is also addressed, advocating for a thoughtful design that incorporates emotional and social factors.
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Emotions and Agents in Games
- 1. Emotions and Agents in Games Rui Prada
- 2. Who am I? Professor at Ins0tuto Superior Técnico Dep. Computer Science and Engineering Applica0on Area on Games h5p://ajist.tecnico.ulisboa.pt/ 7 years, 2 courses >200 students, > 50 game prototypes
- 3. Who am I? Senior Researcher at INESC-‐ID Intelligent Agents and Synthe0c Characters Group h5p://gaips.inesc-‐id.pt/
- 4. Who am I? Sociedade Portuguesa de Ciências dos Videojogos (Est. 2009) Co-‐Founder and Current President Promo0ng Knowledge and understanding CollaboraHon of peers Teaching and research www.spcvideojogos.org
- 5. Author of Whoam I? Design e Desenvolvimento de Jogos Carlos MarHnho, Pedro Santos, Rui Prada FCA, 2014 h5ps://www.flickr.com/photos/nanagyei/5199156473
- 6. Who am I? Avid Player Game Collector h5ps://www.flickr.com/photos/merydith/5875929614
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- 8. Experience? Why? Gameplay Experience Games are means to live experiences Voluntary Subjec0ve Game Designer Player
- 9. Experience? Why? Experience Design for the Gameplay experience A good game is one that promotes a good experience Player Game Designer
- 10. Experience? What? 1. Doing/Performing 2. Feeling/Assessing 3. Remembering/Learning
- 11. Fulfill a dream Do something that cannot be done Feel special Live and acquire something unique Player Experience
- 12. Crafting the Experience Doing/Performing Create moHvaHon, opportuniHes, incenHves for acHon Feeling/Assessing Promote interesHng choices Define consequences of choices Remembering/Learning Promote re-‐use and combinaHon
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- 14. A Good Experience A good experience elicits pleasure Brain rewards “desirable” situaHons and behaviours
- 15. Pleasure: Satisfaction ofNeeds Achievement. Achieve milestones, finish tasks. Power. Have an impact on the world, improve skill. Affilia0on. Maintain posiHve interacHons with others. Avoidance. Self-‐preservaHon, seeking certainty. Balance Novelty and Control
- 16. Pleasure: Emotions Internal sensa0ons linked to assessment of situaHons People have needs of emo0onal regula0on (to relax or get excited) Regulate engagement (a5enHon and moHvaHon)
- 17. Emotions and Engagement If something has emo0onal impact it is relevant!
- 18. Primary Emotions Anger Fear Disgust a. b. c. Surprise Happiness Sadness d. e. f.
- 19. Eliciting Emotions Achieve a desirable situaHon Complete a level Give the players what they desire Nice rewards (e.g. rare items) Achieve an undesirable situaHon Lose something important Lose an opportunity Stronger if the situaHon is irreversible
- 20. Eliciting Emotions Obstruct/deny players’ goals Hurt/damage what they like The blame is not a5ributed enHrely to the self Belief that the situaHon is recoverable Promote anHcipaHon of an undesirable situaHon Threaten what is important for the player Creates tension PotenHates other emoHons (e.g. Happiness)
- 21. Eliciting Emotions Create unexpected situaHons Framed in the expectaHons of players and uncertainty PosiHve or negaHve surprises Create uncomfortable situaHons Not clearly undesirable, but to avoid Social disgust: related to social values
- 22. Which Emotions? All emoHons ma5er Go beyond primary emoHons Social emo0ons (Guilt, shame, pride, love…)
- 23. Pleasure: Learning Playing is a learning ac0vity (players learn controls, mechanics, strategies, story…)
- 24. Learning Support learning in your game Balance guidance and self-‐explora0on
- 25. Learning The experience is ruined if There is nothing to learn It is impossible to learn (noise, sensory overload) There is no interest in the things learnt (are not applied in the game)
- 26. Types of Pleasure Visceral: moHon, heat, relaxaHon Cogni0ve: problem solving, memory challenges Social: social status, sense of belonging, interacHng with others Moral: follow ideals, moral code
- 27. Types of Pleasure Mechanics, Dynamics and AestheHcs
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- 37. Progression The experience changes with Hme
- 38. Managing the Progression Challenge and Novelty (keep the learning)
- 39. The Flow Flow Channel Skill Level Experience Degree of Challenge Skill Level Anxiety Boredom Experience
- 40. Agents in Games h5p://irisaurus.deviantart.com/art/Vocaloid-‐The-‐sims-‐2-‐336146712
- 41. Agents Autonomous enHHes ProacHve ReacHve DeliberaHve
- 42. Interactive Agents Interact with people Become characters
- 43. Characters Social Roles Purpose IdenHty EmoHons Personality
- 44. Characters Promote Social Experience
- 45. Believability Coherent behaviour Fit the context Meet the expecta0ons (The Media EquaHon)
- 46. Believability Suspension of disbelief “Illusion of Life”
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- 49. Models For BelievableAI h5p://agsandrew.deviantart.com/art/Emergence-‐of-‐ArHficial-‐Intelligence-‐0007-‐382222119
- 50. SGD Model Group dynamics Personality: OCEAN PosiHon in the group InteracHon dynamics: IPA
- 51. SGD Model Social RelaHons Influence and A5racHon Balance
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- 53. Social Power PotenHal force towards change: beliefs, behaviour Influence = Power -‐ Resistance
- 54. Social Power Reward Coercion LegiHmate Referent Expert
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- 56. DIMA Model IdenHty Layered: personal, social (group memberships) salience = accessibility x fit
- 57. DIMA Model Intergroup relaHonships EmoHonal appraisal In-‐group bias
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- 59. SID Model Social Importance InteracHon Dynamics Claim and Confer
- 60. SI Model: Culture Individualism/collecHvism Power distance Uncertainty avoidance Long term/short term orientaHon Masculinity/femininity Indulgence/restraint
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- 62. EMYS Robotic Player Physical embodiment Face to face interacHon Verbal and non-‐verbal behaviour: gaze, a5enHon
- 63. EMYS Robotic Player EmoHonal appraisal: luck, social relaHons, state of the game Social memory: players and past experiences Social roles: helper, dominator
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- 66. Games are means for experience Emo0ons and learning have a crucial role Believable agents may improve the social experience of games Concluding
- 67. Concluding People have social expecta0ons of agents To achieve believability: idenHty personality, emoHons, social awareness, social skills, social needs, balanced behaviour
- 68. Contacts rui.prada@tecnico.ulisboa.pt h5p://gaips.inesc-‐id.pt/rprada h5p://spcvideojogos.org h5p://ajist.tecnico.ulisboa.pt/