UNICEF Ethical Statement

UNICEF Ethical Statement
UNICEF is very experienced humanitarian and development agency which works globally for the
rights of children. UNICEF is also leading humanitarian organization concerned on children.
UNICEF's goal is comprehensive, It aims that every child should have safe shelter, nutrition,
protection from disaster and conflict. Furthermore, it emphasizes pre–natal care, clean water, health
care and education. UNICEF works for every child's equal chances in life. UNICEF has worked
nearly 70 years to improve the lives of children and their families. The main target of UNICEF is to
promote the rights and wellbeing of all children. UNICEF works in 190 countries and territories
especially focusing on reaching the most vulnerable and excluded children for example ... Show
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UNICEF has set Millenium development goals, which 189 countries have signed in September
2000. The goals reveal the extent importance of UNICEF's work. First goals are to eradicate
extreme poverty and hunger meaning in practice that the amount of people living less than one
dollar per day or suffer for hunger should halve between 1990 and 2015. Furthermore, primary
education should be ensured for all children, also for girls. Child mortality and maternal health are
also primary goals of UNICEF. There are also set goals to combat AIDS/HIV, malaria and other
diseases, to ensure environmental sustainability and to develop global partnership for development.
All of the Millenium goals concerns basic needs of life; food, health, income and education. The
amount of people who do not have these is devastating. It cannot be denied that UNICEF's work is
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Women's Economic Opportunities and Health in Brazil Essay...
Women's Economic Opportunities and Health in Brazil
Women's economic opportunities and health in Brazil is affected by many factors.
Brazilian women's economic opportunities are affected by such factors as gender inequality,
violence from men, and racial inequality. Health is affected by reproductive rights, maternal
mortality rates, domestic violence and sexual violence. This paper will examine health and
economic opportunities available to women in the countries of Saudi Arabia, the United States and
Brazil.
Brazilian women were over half the population in 1998 at 50.6 percent (Reproductive Rights, 2004).
The female life expectancy was 75.3 by the 2003 estimate. 86.6 percent of Brazilian women are
literate overall and represent ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1991, 2.9% of the population lived in favelas (U.S. Library of Congress, 1996).
The rural area population in Brazil is comprised of a 50 percent female population, but only 11
percent of the titles to land are in the name of women. The Minister of Agrarian Development is
working to eliminate the discrimination of women and increase micro–credits to women in the
Northeast so that they may stay with their families (Blaney, 2004).
Brazil's economy has the power to make it a second world country, but its precarious health care
system demotes its status to third world. Brazil ranked 125th out of 191 countries tested in a health
conditions analysis done by the World Health Organization in 2000 (SEJUP). This ranking is in part
due to the almost nonexistent health services in many portions of Brazil. The 1988 Federal
Constitution and Organic Health Law of 1990 universalized healthcare unified the public healthcare
system and decentralized the management and organization of health services from federal to state
and municipal level (PAHO, 1999).
The constitution also gave all Brazilians free healthcare from public and private source reimbursed
by the government (PAHO, 1999). Most health establishments belong to the public sector (65.2
percent public and 34.8 percent private); more private institutions (43.2 percent) provide inpatient
care than

Annotated Bibliography On The Midwifery
Midwifery in rural Ghana Across the enormous continent of Africa, there are a myriad of birth
practices, customs, and traditions. From spiritual ceremonies, consumption of certain fruits, blessing
ways to having supportive birthing assistants are some of the very common and important customs
from African countries, especially Ghana. One of the oldest and most widely recognized customs is
midwifery. Midwifery is the act of assisting women and their families before, during, and after
childbirth. Moreover, some midwives also perform abortions and aid in post abortion care
(Otsea et al., 1997). Midwifery includes aiding expectant mothers in labor, food preparation for their
families while the mother is recovering from labor, breastfeeding, emotional support for new
parents, postpartum care and child care. Midwives are also called traditional birth assistants or
TBAs (Nicholas et al., 1976). Midwifery has been practiced for hundreds of years in Africa,
especially Ghana. As a result of moderate technology improvements and medical advancements,
midwifery is not commonly practiced in more developed countries in Africa. Everyone in Ghana do
not engage in midwifery. However, in communal and small villages in rural parts of Ghana
midwifery is a well known and revered custom. In most northern rural areas of Ghana, midwifery is
preferred over modern birth practices. In the rural parts of Ghana, midwives are loved and admired
in their villages. Midwives are seen as the experts on

The Consequences of Not Legalizing Abortion in Latin...
In 1988, according to the Pan American Health Organization, abortion was declared Latin America's
leading cause of pregnancy–related mortality. Nearly two decades later a solution has not been
found to the increasing deaths of Latin American women. In Latin America, there are restrictive
laws on reproductive rights because abortion and contraceptives are considered immoral by the
Catholic Church. Catholicism has dominated the region politically and socially since colonial times.
Despite illegality, the abortion rate in Latin America is higher than all of Western Europe and the
United States, where abortion is legal under all circumstances. By denying women reproductive
rights, governments are denying them of human rights. Abortion is illegal under all circumstances in
four Latin American countries: Chile, Nicaragua, Colombia, and El Salvador. Restrictive laws on
abortion present various problems for women in the region. Women who are faced with unwanted
pregnancies do not have the option to decide whether they are mentally, physically, or economically
stable enough to support a child because of government restrictions on reproductive rights as well as
pressures put on them by men to fulfill their duty as mothers. Lack of contraceptives in poor areas,
coupled with minimal or no sex education, makes it nearly impossible for women to control
pregnancies. As a result, women resort to back street clandestine abortions performed by unlicensed
and often unskilled

The Maternal Mortality Of South Africa Essay
2.1.1 Background on the maternal and infant/child health in South Africa There are numerous issues
surrounding maternal and infant health in South Africa. The maternal mortality ratio in South Africa
is estimated at 156.5 per 100000 live births (Pattinson et al 2012). It is suggested that 60% of
maternal deaths in South Africa are preventable (Amnesty International 2014). The three leading
underlying causes of maternal mortality in South Africa include: HIV/AIDS, hypertension and
obstetric haemorrhage (Pattison et al 2012). Approximately 30% of South African pregnant women
and girls' are HIV positive (Amnesty International 2014; DOH 2013a). KwaZulu Natal is the
province with the highest prevalence of HIV at 37.4% for pregnant women (DOH 2013b).
Hypertension and obstetric haemorrhage can be avoided through appropriate nutrition and dietary–
related practices (Bradshaw et al 2008).
In South Africa, one in three women have a mental problem during or shortly after the pregnancy
period [Field & Honikman 2015; Mental Health and Poverty Project (MHaPP) 2010]. This statistic
is three times higher the rate in developed countries (MHaPP 2010). Mental illness is common in
South Africa since many women develop psychological stress during and after pregnancy (Field &
Honikman 2015). Women vulnerable to mental illness include those: living in poverty, experiencing
violence or abuse, with HIV/AIDS and those with unplanned pregnancy (Field & Honikman 2015).
The infant mortality

The Mortality Of Maternal Mortality Essay
In 2013, 289 000 women died during pregnancy and childbirth and it was estimated that everyday
800 women all over the world died from childbirth or childbirth–related problems (World Health
Organization, 2014). Often, maternal mortality is found to occur more often in developing countries
than developed countries. Maternal mortality refers women who died from the situation like during
pregnancy, termination of pregnancy within 42 days, regardless of duration and place of pregnancy,
from aggravation caused by the pregnancy or pregnancy management (Nwagha et al, 2010).
Maternal mortality may be resulted from direct or indirect cause. Direct causes are from obstetric
complications of pregnancy, labour, and puerperium, and interventions whereas indirect causes are
from the worsening of current conditions by pregnancy or delivery (Givewell, 2009). This paper
aims to examine the causes for maternal mortality in both developed and developing countries and
will end with a proposal for government to ensure women are given reproductive health rights.
Developed countries
In his article, "Why are so many U.S. women dying during childbirth?", Munz (2012) pointed out
that U.S. is experiencing a rise in maternal mortality. It has doubled for the last 25 years and the
experts are uncertain about the increase. Experts are not entirely clear for the rise in the maternal
deaths in the U.S., but there are some aspects that may be link to this.
More pregnant women are found to have chronic

Cultural Diversity For A Haitian Client
Cultural Diversity Assignment– Haitian Every year a large group of Haitians come into the United
States and may become a part of the health care system. In the challenging field of nursing, nurses
need to be aware of cultural differences and should provide each client with cultural competent care.
Each and every year, Haitians enter this country legally and illegally but regardless of how they
enter the US, it is inevitable that they will need to be cared for at some time in their life. The astute
nurse must understand the need for cultural sensitivity and what to assess for prior to providing care
for a Haitian client. The assessment should include communication barriers, orientation of time,
health beliefs, health risks, and even more ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Depending on social class, the Haitian client can either be future–oriented or past–and present–
oriented. The time orientation of the client will determine if they are going to be more inclined or
less inclined to follow treatment regimens. When providing culturally competent health care for the
Haitian client, the nurse must recognize the nontraditional health beliefs of the client and the health
practices that arise as a result. In addition, the nurse must also maintain a nonjudgmental attitude
about these beliefs. The nurse should incorporate Haitian folk practices into the treatment plans as
long as they are not harmful and desired by the client. Folk medicine and treatments can be used in
addition to traditional western health treatments. The nurse must also be aware of the health risks of
Haitian Americans when providing care. According to Holcomb (1996), "sexually transmitted
diseases, cancer, and tuberculosis are the most common health conditions affecting Haitians and
Haitian Americans" (p. 257). With that being said, the nurse should teach the Haitian client about the
importance of primary prevention and how it is a valuable component of a healthy lifestyle.
Pregnancy care in the Haitian client is another aspect of nursing. Haitian women do not seek out
prenatal care, which can be troublesome with having a healthy pregnancy. "It is estimated that 80%
of pregnant women in Haiti attend

Maternal Mortality : Developing Countries
Julianna Fischer
Mrs. Weekman
Honors English II – 3rd
3 May 2016
Maternal Mortality in Developing Countries Around the world, 830 women die every day from
preventable complications during pregnancy and delivery ("Maternal mortality" 1). A death during a
pregnancy or within 42 days of delivery is referred to as a maternal death (Semba and Bloem 34).
The issue of maternal death in developing countries is an often unaddressed and urgent need. Things
like poverty, a lack of access to quality healthcare, and cultural practices are causing maternal
mortality rates in developing countries to be unnecessarily high ("Leading and underlying causes of
maternal mortality" 1). Mothers in developing countries are needlessly dying, but organizations like
Delivering Hope International (DHI) have heard their cry and rushed to provide the tools and care
these women so desperately need. As previously stated, a majority of maternal deaths stem from
preventable medical complications ("Maternal mortality" 1). The most common cause of maternal
mortality is hemorrhage, which accounts for 34 percent of maternal deaths in Africa ("Leading and
underlying causes of maternal mortality" 1). Hemorrhage is easily treatable with proper supplies and
care, but as seen in the video Aisha's Story released by Pathfinder International, often the hospitals
lack the proper tools to treat suffering mothers. In the video, viewers are able to glimpse into a
typical hospital in Nigeria, which consists of a squalid,

The Pros And Cons Of Abortion
Abortion is a medical procedure that terminates a pregnancy by removing a embryo or fetus.
Abortion in the US is one of the safest medical procedures that can be performed. For a long time
abortion has be a topic with many different opinions around it. Roe v. Wade declared that abortion is
a fundamental right for women in 1973. With the right to abortion women feel that they are in more
control of their bodies. Although some people believe that abortion is murder because life begins at
conception, women deserve the right to abortion because it prevents maternal injury and death,
denying abortion can lead to more mental health problems, and prevents a society where children
come into the world unwanted
Some people might say that life begins at conception therefore abortion is murder. Some individuals
claim that "The killing of an innocent human being is wrong, even if that human being has yet to be
born" Procon.org. However, "It is not an independently existing, biologically formed organism, let
alone a person" Leonard, Peikoff. The cells inside the woman are not developed into a human being
and can't survive on its own therefore it is not a human being murdered, it is a clump of cells being
removed. People who oppose abortion also might say, " Upon fertilization, a human individual is
created with a unique genetic identity that remains unchanged throughout his or her life" procon.org.
This argument is clearly invalid because "If anti–abortionists object that an embryo has

Millennium Development Goals : The Millennium Goals
Millennium Development Goals The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are, eight goals put
in place by the 191 UN states, the goals are set to be reached by the year 2015. Signed September of
2000, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2015, the United Millennium Declaration
commits leaders of the world to combat literacy, hunger, environmental degradation, disease, and
discrimination against women. Having specific targets and indicators, the MDGs are acquired from
this Declaration. The eight goals are, to eradicate hunger and extreme poverty, achieve universal
primary education, empower women and promote gender equality, lessen the deaths in children,
improve the health of mothers, combat diseases for example HIV/AIDS and ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The monitoring progress indicator for this would be, maternal mortality ratio and the number of
births attended by a skilled healthcare person. o The second target is to have universal access to
reproductive health by 2015. The monitoring progress indicators for this target according to MDG
Indicators 2008 are, the rate of contraceptive prevalence, the birth rates of adolescents, antenatal
care coverage, and the need for family planning that is unmet. To Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and
other Diseases Targets and Monitoring Progress Indicator: o The first target is to have stopped and
begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS by 2015. The monitoring progress indicators according to
MDG Indicators 2008 are, the prevalence of HIV among those between the ages of 15–24, condom
use, correct comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS for the population of those of the aged 15–24,
the ratio of orphans to non–orphans attendance at school between the ages of 10–14. o The second
target is universal access for all of those who need treatment for HIV/AIDS, to be achieved by 2010.
The monitoring progress indicator for this is, access to antiretroviral drugs (MDG Indicators 2008).
The antiretroviral treatment for HIV/AIDS have increased between the years 2004–2009
(Vandemoortele 2011). o The

Struggle for Children’s Rights
"I want a permanent divorce," this is a saying of a 10–year–old wife – who was suffering from child
marriage (Worth, "Voices Child Marriage Yemen"). Child marriage is a terrible scenario for
children, especially for little girls. They are forced to marry, before they are mature enough due to
social norms, traditions and their family members, whom they are depending on. According to
statistics in 2013, in Bangladesh, the child marriage prevalence under the age of 18 is 66%. 240
among 100,000 child wives died, when they gave birth. In Niger, this figure rises to 75% and 339. In
Chad, this figure is 68% and maternal mortality rate rises to 1100 (UNICEF State of the World's
Children 2013, Table 9: Children Protection, Council on Foreign ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
That means society has to suffer because of increasing abundance of illiteracy in a population.
Because child wives are not received enough education. Therefore, they are unable to take a job
because of lack of necessary skills and knowledge. It "maintains their [child wives] low societal
status and makes their families vulnerable to an intergenerational cycle of poverty that hinders the
development of their communities" ("Child Marriage"). Also, child marriage causes the decreasing
of the number of skilled labors that is about to participate in economic activities in local and even in
national level. Therefore, the economic growth is slowed down exponentially. The changes and
renew in the laws to prevent child marriage should be done to make society develop and help little
girls improve their values and social status. Although child marriage causes many serious problems
for the society, process of preventing from child marriage is not easy.
Protecting children from child marriage is problematic and in long–term scale. Although people are
struggle for fight child marriage off, there are many hindrances that prevented the process such as
cultural norms, religious belief and poverty. Besides, conservatives in the places of child marriage
practicing, of course, may also want to argue that although government has already enacted the laws
to prevent child marriage. It still happening due to people's altitudes and beliefs. In

The Lynsey Addario Photo 's Maternal Mortality
The Lynsey Addario photo chosen from her photo story Maternal Mortality, depicts women in Sierra
Leone holding two newly born twins. The newborns, usually considered joys and miracles, are
surrounded by sad, morning, void, grieving and angry expressions. While the scene is filled with
vibrant colors, it is hardly filled with the joy a western audience would expect. Maternal Mortality
tells the story of Mama Seesay her family and friends, as well as all childbearing women in Sierra
Leone and sub–Saharan Africa: In Sierra Leone, a country with one of the highest rates of Maternal
Mortality, Mamma Seesay is fighting just to give birth. Mamma, 18 delivered one of the twins she
was carrying in a remote village outside of Freetown, the capital ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This woman's expression is much different than the woman in the center of the image. The woman
in blue looks stuck in thought, worry and grief. She is holding a burden. Her expression is so void of
emotion that you can feel the suffering that lies behind her eyes and are within her thoughts. Her
gaze is aimed up toward the viewer but do not appear to be making contact with the camera. She
appears to look through the viewer or past them, but not into them. She is fascinating, she holds one
of the babies, but with no affection. All the other woman in the photograph add to the grief, anger
and sorrowfulness felt in the image. Their gorgeous and colorful dress drowned out by the apparent
distress of the expressions on their sun lite faces. The use of color in Addario's image is striking, the
color in the women's dress is colorful. Many of the women are adorning colorful headscarves in
addition to their vibrant colored dresses. The use of lighting and color truly make the photograph
eye–catching but does not take away to the suffering seen through the expressions and body
language of the women. In the photograph, the women are standing underneath what appears to be a
covered walkway. Light pours onto the women from both the right and left side of the photograph
and successfully lights up the expressions of each and every woman. This is why the colors do not
tone down the

The Causes Of Maternal Mortality And Morbidity
It is estimated that 529, 000 maternal deaths occur globally every year in developing countries. The
probability that a woman will die during pregnancy is 400 per 100,000 live births. The risk is higher
in sub– Saharan Africa with 1,000 per 100,000 live births. The death of a woman during pregnancy,
childbirth, or the postpartum period, is known as maternal mortality, occurs in 99% of all developing
countries (WHO, 2015).
According to the World Health Organization, the causes of maternal mortality and morbidity in
Sub– Saharan Africa are mainly results of a defective health system when it comes to dealing with
complications during and after birth. The complications that contribute greatly to maternal mortality
include hemorrhage, infection, high blood pressure, unsafe abortions, and obstructed labor. These
complications are the leading causes of death among women aged 15 to 49 in developing countries.
Kenya is a country that has been making a lot of progress in approaching some of the Millennium
Development Goals (MDG) and certain health indicators. However, reducing maternal mortality still
remains a challenge in this nation. The reason behind this slow progression results from the
interaction of social, cultural, economic and logistical barriers, combined with a high fertility rate
(World Bank), and inadequate and under funded health services (WHO). Strengthening the health
system and improving quality of healthcare delivery can overcome these challenges.
BURDEN ON HEALTH

Parenthood Should Have More Government Restrictions
Defunding Planned Parenthood
Although my view is consistent with a capitalistic micro government, Planned Parenthood should
have more government restrictions. Most people would beg to differ for several reasons. This issue
has a two sided debate and there is no wrong or right answer. The only way to come down to a fair
conclusion is by making a pros and cons list, so one can see each side instead of being close–
minded. Planned Parenthood has been controversial due to the services it provides to women and
teens in the United States, however the government enforce restrictions in order to prevent
corruption. Planned Parenthood is a huge provider for women, teens, and families. According to
their website they describe themselves as, "...leading providers of high quality, affordable health
care for women, men, and young people, and the nation's largest provider of sex education"
(Planned Parenthood, 2015). They have about 700 health centers around the United States, which
cater to both men and women. They are open all year long and they have outreach to more than five
million women, men, and adolescents worldwide. They provide them with birth control, counseling,
breast exams, STDs testing, etc. Planned Parenthood is a nonprofit organization to the public, which
has eight million activists, supporters, and donors working for women's health and safety and our
fundamental reproductive rights according to their website. This organization cares for their patients
and only three

The Maternal Mortality Rate Of Afghanistan Essay
Goal 5
The fifth goal is to increase maternal health in countries with a focus on reducing the maternal
mortality rate by three–fourths and universal access to reproductive health both by 2015. Despite a
43% reduction in maternal deaths since 1990, there are still a large number of women who die
during childbirth from preventable causes such as hemorrhaging (United Nations, 2015, p. 38).
In 2002 Afghanistan reported a baseline figure of 1,600 deaths per 100,000 with a 2015 targeted
reduction to 315 (Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, 2013, p. 53). While Afghanistan was able to
reach the original goal it had set for itself, new goals were created to combat the continuous high
number of maternal deaths. Afghanistan has identified general lack of family planning, a limited
supply of qualified midwives, and limited access to health care in general as contributing factors
towards such high maternal death rates. The state has been working with UNICEF, WHO, and other
international partners to implement its National Reproductive health strategy to help combat the
conditions in which Afghanistan mothers find themselves.
Goal 6
The sixth goal is to combat HIV/AIDS and other diseases, focusing on reversing their spread and
providing universal access to treatment. We have seen progress made in most countries towards
achieving this goal, with the statistics falling every day, however, we are far from the finish line as a
little over 2 million people still contract AIDS/HIV.
Afghanistan

Essay Ethiopia: Maternal Mortality and the Access to Care
Access to Care in Ethiopia
In many parts of the world that are considered lower or middle–class countries, health disparities are
cause of major concern that leads to unnecessary disease and possible death. Many variables affect
how and why many citizens of lower and middle–class countries struggle to obtain adequate
healthcare. One region of the world classified as a lower socio economic territory is Ethiopia. Many
factors contribute to the lack of health care in Ethiopia such as access to care, high cost of care, and
being uneducated, to name a few. One idea that hinders many citizens in Ethiopia to attain
healthcare is the access to the healthcare system. This research project will entail the issue of access
to the health care ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One example is teaching citizens of Ethiopia the importance of good hygiene and the consequences
of having poor nutrition status.
Aims
Of particular concern is women and maternal health in Ethiopia. According to the millennium goal
developments, the fifth goal is to reduce maternal mortality rate by 75% by 2015. One reason that
maternal health needs to be increased in Ethiopia is because of the large amount of women who die
each year. According to Skolnik (2012), the highest maternal mortality ratios are in sub–Saharan
Africa, where there are 940 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. This means that a woman in
some countries of sub–Saharan countries of Africa such as Ethiopia face 250 times the risk of dying
a maternal death as does a woman in the high–income countries. (Skolnik, 2012) There are many
factors that come into play when looking at maternal health. Among the first are the nutritional
status and general health status of the mothers, in addition there is a link between maternal death and
the level of education and income of the mother (Skolnik, 2012, p. 191). In order to help reduce the
high incidence of maternal mortality rate focus should be turned to wards identifying ways to
improve the access to care for women who are pregnant. I believe this issue is the important to
tackle because it can improve the prenatal care that women in Ethiopia receive resulting

Reproductive Health Knowledge And Unsafe Induced Abortion...
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH KNOWLEDGE AND UNSAFE INDUCED ABORTION AMONG
FEMALE ADOLESCENTS IN SELECTED COMMUNITIES IN BADAGRY, LAGOS STATE,
NIGERIA
BY
Eboh theresa
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE:BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Statement of the problem
1.2 Research Question 1.3 General aim of study
1.4 Objective of study
1.5 Justification of study
1.6 Study of study
1.7 Scope and limitation of study
1.8 Definition of terms
CHAPTER TWO:LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
2.0 Introduction
2.1Reproductive health
2.3 Sexual and reproductive health
2.4 Knowledge of contraception and its usage among adolescents in Nigeria
2.5 Incidence of unsafe induced abortion among adolescent
2.6Adolescent sexuality and the question of chastity
2.7 Cultural and adolescent sexuality
2.9 Adolescent sexuality in a changing world
2.10 Theoretical framework
CHAPTER THREE:METHODS OF STUDY
3,0 Introduction
3.1 The study population
3.2 The research design
3.3 Survey design
3.4 Sample size and sampling technique

3.5 Data collection
3.6 Data analysis
CHAPTERFOUR:DATAANALYSIS AND RESULT PRESENTATION
4.0 Introduction
4.1 Socio–Demographic profile of respondents
CHAPTER FIVE:SUMMARY,CONCLUSION,AND RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
ABSTRACT
This study examines the association between reproductive health knowledge and unsafe induced
abortion among female adolescents (13–19years) in selected communities in Badagry Local
government area of Lagos state.

Skill Development Empowers the Workforce with Skills,...
The objective of Skill Development is to create a workforce empowered with the necessary and
continuously upgraded skills, knowledge and internationally recognized qualifications to gain access
to decent employment and ensure India's competitiveness in the dynamic global market. It aims at
increasing the productivity and employability of workforce (wage and self–employed) both in the
organized and the unorganized sectors. It seeks increased participation of youth, women, disabled
and other disadvantaged sections and to synergize efforts of various sectors and reform the present
system with the enhanced capability to adapt to changing technologies and labor market demands.
Management in Action – Social, Economic and Ethical Issues
AKH ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It can lead to reduction of infant and maternal mortality rate. The company can build centers for the
examination and medication of HIV/AIDS and DOTS for tuberculosis treatment. They can also keep
track of expecting & lactating mothers, malnourished children, birth and death. They can also
motivate people for visiting health institutions and promote institutional child birth. Various other
regular health camps can also be organised in the community around manufacturing locations which
included eyes, dental, heart and veterinary camps.
Primary health includes eight essential components that are to be followed:
1. Education for the identification and prevention / control of prevailing health challenges
2. Proper food supplies and nutrition; adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation
3. Maternal and child care, including family planning
4. Immunization against the major infectious diseases
5. Prevention and control of locally endemic diseases
6. .Appropriate treatment of common diseases using appropriate technology
7. Promotion of mental, emotional and spiritual health
8. Provision of essential drugs
Skill Development
The company may take an initiative towards imparting quality education. Primary education is the
basic block on which a nation builds its future. AKH group can commit to contribute its bit in
bringing improvements in this vital sector of education. The company can bring improvements in
Government Primary Schools in rural areas

The Problems Of Unintended Pregnancies
PROBLEMS OF UNINTENDED PREGNANCIES
The United States citizens (especially women) have one of the least access to healthcare and worst
health outcomes among developed countries in the world despite the US spending about two and a
half times higher on health care per person than any other developed country in the world (Flynn,
2013). The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA, 2013) and the Organization for Economic Co–
operation and Development (OECD, 2016) report similar data. This is reflected in the country's
disproportionately high unintended pregnancy rate (about half of all pregnancies are unintended),
high teenage pregnancy and high maternal mortality rates (Fig 1, Table 1). Adverse maternal and
child health outcomes such as delayed pre–natal care, premature birth, negative physical and mental
health effects for children are some of the implications for unintended pregnancies (Guttmacher,
2016). Poor access to contraceptives translates directly to high unintended pregnancy rate which in
turn leads to poor health outcomes for women and children. United States has the highest infant
mortality rate among all first world countries. Teen pregnancies in turn contribute immensely to this
high infant mortality as a
Figure 1 (L–R) Maternal Mortality Rate (Maternal Deaths per 100,000 live births) (Flynn, 2013) *;
Infant Mortality Rate (# of deaths of infants per 1000 live births (Flynn, 2013) Save the Children's
2013 report indicates that babies born to teen mothers are "more

Prevalence Of Abortion And Contraceptive Practice
PREVALENCE OF ABORTION AND CONTRACEPTIVE PRACTICE AMONG WOMEN
SEEKING REPEAT INDUCED ABORTION IN WESTERN NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
The background Induced abortion contributes significantly to maternal mortality in developing
countries yet women still seek repeat induced abortion in spite of availability of contraceptive
services. The aim of this study is to determine the rate of abortion and contraceptive use among
women seeking repeat induced abortion in Western Nigeria. Method. A prospective cross–sectional
study utilizing self–administered questionnaires was administered to women seeking abortion in
private hospitals/clinics in four geopolitical areas of Ogun State, Western Nigeria, from January 1 to
December 31 2012. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0. Results. The age range for those seeking
repeat induced abortion was 15 to 51 years while the median age was 25 years. Of 2934 women
seeking an abortion, 23% reported having had one or more previous abortions. Of those who had
had more than one abortion, the level of awareness of contraceptives was 91.7% while only 21.5%
used a contraceptive at their first intercourse after the procedure; 78.5% of the pregnancies were
associated with non–contraceptive use while 17.5% were associated with contraceptive failure. The
major reason for non–contraceptive use was fear of side effects. Conclusion. The rate of women
seeking repeat abortions is high in Nigeria. The rate of contraceptive use is low while contraceptive

Health And Poverty Of Latin America
Maternal Health in Bolivia
Stephanie Spencer
Fall 2014
Health & Poverty in Latin America
Section 1E Globally, maternal health is an issue that has not been given adequate attention in many
regions. Many women across the world are unable to avoid many preventable health consequences
of pregnancy, which are usually extreme enough to result in death. In the Latin American region,
Bolivia has some of the worst maternal health care systems, due to the underdevelopment of
healthcare practices, insufficient political and social concern, and a lack of public awareness.
Maternal deaths are attributable to risks caused by pregnancy and childbirth themselves, as well as
from the lack of proper, good quality health services (Khan, ... Show more content on
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Giving women control over their fertility could, alone, reduce maternal deaths by up to 20–35% by
minimizing pregnancies to the number desired (Khan, K. et al., 2006).
Furthermore, educating the community about region–wide healthcare issues, i.e. facility hygiene
methods and contraception practices, has not been a concern for the La Paz district, or for Bolivia in
general. In a sense, the primary causes of maternal mortality from unsafe abortion are not only
excessive bleeding or infection but, rather, a failure to recognize the severity of these circumstances
and the necessity for reform (Grimes, D. et al. 2006). The public deserves a more direct access to
healthcare facilities, principally in rural areas in which access to health care is remarkably limited.
Most of the clinics and hospitals (responsible for performing these abortions) currently existing in
Bolivia require additional financial support and substantial developments ("Child and Maternal.."
2014). The Bolivian government has neglected to fulfill its responsibility of recognizing the
fundamental right of its people to receiving adequate healthcare, and has not made substantial
improvements to instill safer abortion methods.
Hypertension
Besides abortion difficulties, there are a variety of medical complications that pregnant women are
at risk of having. Some of the most prevalent illnesses affecting child–bearing

Secondary Prevention Methods For Expecting Mothers
2.2 Secondary Prevention Prenatal care also includes many types of secondary prevention methods
for expecting mothers. Keeping records of an expecting mother's weight and blood pressure
throughout pregnancy to make sure they are within the recommended range helps catch issues early.
The expecting mother can have her blood tested to check for certain genetic markers that would
detect certain diseases in the fetus to include, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, and tay–sachs
disease (Kirkham, Harris, & Grzybowski, 2005). Ultrasonography is a common screening test
utilized to check the structural integrity of the child in the womb, and can also detect abnormalities
such as indicators of down syndrome. During prenatal visits, routine blood tests will indicate basic
liver and kidney function as well as indicate if the expecting mother has any anemias, which can
then be treated (Kirkham, Harris, & Grzybowski, 2005). Ghana has a referral system in place in
which a health care provider can send a patient who is having complications to a facility that will be
better able to meet the patient's needs. Even though Ghana Health Services created a protocol for
how referrals should be made and carried out, many health facilities do not adhere to
recommendations, and thus, the patients suffer. Many times the facility is far away and
transportation is an issue, as many patients are not taken by ambulance, and without a healthcare
worker present. Lack of communication between

Reproductive Health Knowledge And Unsafe Induced Abortion...
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH KNOWLEDGE AND UNSAFE INDUCED ABORTION AMONG
FEMALE ADOLESCENT {13–19} IN SOME COMMUNITIES IN OSHODI–LAGOS
BY
Eboh theresa
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE: BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
1.0 Introduction
1.6 Study of study
CHAPTER TWO :LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
2.0 Introduction
CHAPTER THREE : METHODS OF STUDY
3,0 Introduction
3.3 Survey design
3.5 Data collection

3.6 Data analysis
CHAPTERFOUR: DATAANALYSIS AND RESULT PRESENTATION
4.0 Introduction
CHAPTER FIVE : SUMMARY,CONCLUSION,AND RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
ABSTRACT
abortion among female adolescents (13–19years) in selected communities in Oshodi Local
government area of Lagos state. Data were

The Importance Of Legalizing Abortion In The United States
Imagine being a woman with an unplanned pregnancy and no ability to get an abortion because the
law prohibits it. Imagine being scared, confused, and anxious because you don't have the basic right
of control over your own body. Imagine having to succumb to illegal, life–threatening procedures
because you feel like you have no other choice. There are women across the nation who feel and
endure these unimaginable and terrifying hardships, which is why abortions should be legal
throughout the United States. First, illegalizing abortions will not eliminate the practice of the
procedure as intended, but will instead leave women scared, confused, and without any safe options.
In fact, "abortion rates are similar in countries where it is legal and ... Show more content on
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It is utterly unfair and immoral to place women in a situation in which they are helpless and
voiceless, especially when there is an option to give them the jurisdiction over their bodies that they
rightly

Reproduction And Unsafe Induced Abortion Among Female...
KNOWLEGDE OF REPRODUCTION AND UNSAFE INDUCED ABORTION AMONG
FEMALE ADOLESCENT {13–19} IN SOME COMMUNITIES IN OSHODI–LAGOS
BY
Eboh theresa
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE: BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
1.0 Introduction
1.6 Study of study
CHAPTER TWO :LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
2.0 Introduction
CHAPTER THREE : METHODS OF STUDY
3,0 Introduction
3.3 Survey design
3.5 Data collection

3.6 Data analysis
CHAPTERFOUR: DATAANALYSIS AND RESULT PRESENTATION
4.0 Introduction
CHAPTER FIVE : SUMMARY,CONCLUSION,AND RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
ABSTRACT
abortion among female adolescents (13–19years) in selected communities in Oshodi Local
government area of Lagos state. Data were obtained

The Ideology Of Planned Parenthood
The Ideology of Planned Parenthood Prolife or prochoice? This is the debate that seems ongoing for
as long as I can remember yet seems to have risen in intensity over the years. We have more recently
seen things in the news about defunding Planned Parenthood and there always seems to be
protestors on the streets no matter where you go screaming at you their point of view. This essay
will focus around the ideology of Planned Parenthood as an organization. Why would people dislike
an organization so open to the idea of a human's right to choose what happens in their own body? I
would like to look at both viewpoints of this argument because even though I have my own beliefs I
have always been very intrigued in others as well. While I could easily write a paper simply on
prolife or prochoice I want to go deeper than that into this well known, and well–argued topic. I will
mainly focus on the defunding argument of the organization as well as what they stand for as a
whole and what will happen if they no longer exist. The most recent debate to hit the news has been
the defund Planned Parenthood vote done by the House of Representatives which passed by a close
vote of 240–189. Although passed it did go on to be vetoed later on down the path to it becoming a
true thing. In the mind of the people who thought it was best not only was there the usual argument
of it's a life but we also got a new side of the argument, tax dollars. According to statistics Planned
Parenthood gained

The Cause Of Maternal Death Worldwide
Abstract Maternal sepsis is preventable, yet remains the leading cause of maternal death worldwide,
according to a study published in 2013 (Acosta & Knight, 2013). Early recognition of symptoms
and implementation of correct treatment is key to prevent mortality. A break in nursing education
can prevent prompt treatment to patients. Given that pregnant women are more vulnerable to
infection and susceptible to serious complications, makes a clear understanding of maternal sepsis
imperative (Joseph, Sinha, Paech, & Walters, 2009). The purpose of this project was to determine if
there is a need on Memorial Hospital's LDRP unit for more education related to maternal sepsis.
Memorial Hospital, located in York, Pennsylvania is a small ... Show more content on
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Even though sepsis is a major contributor to maternal mortality, septic shock in pregnancy
fortunately is relatively rare, affecting only 0.002% to 0.010% of all births (Dutra & Olvera, 2016).
Regardless of how low the statistics, maternal mortality happens and the preparedness of units will
influence a positive outcome. A needs assessment identifies the discrepancy between the present
knowledge and the desired knowledge to develop protocols and education which will bridge the gap
between the "what is" and "what should be". The needs assessment developed for the 23 staff
members on the small LDRP unit of Memorial Hospital focused on what the end knowledge base
should be. Questions were formulated after an extensive literature review, focusing on early
recognition, definitions and specifics for care. This needs assessment will help implement protocols
that will improve the care provided, as well as the comfort of the staff members face to face with
perinatal mothers.
Review of Literature Critical management of maternal sepsis is key in preventing mortality and
identifying a patient at risk can help with initiation of management. There are many risk factors of
sepsis during pregnancy. Hashmi and Khan (2014) identified that pregnant women are highly
susceptible to infection due to the maternal immune response being decreased. Some of the risk
factors named included cesarean

Incidence, Presentation And Management : Ectopic Pregnancy
Olasunkanmi Abimbola Kolawole
Ectopic pregnancy in Bauchi State, Northern Nigeria; Incidence, Presentation and Management
Abstract Ectopic Pregnancy (EP) is a life–threatening gynecological emergency with high morbidity
and mortality in northern Nigeria. Maternal mortality refers to the death of a woman while pregnant
or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy (Mairiga, et al., 2009).
EP cases in northern Nigeria are of late presentations, tubal rupture with associated hemodynamic
instability and consequences compounded by poor health system that differs from the global trend of
early diagnosis and more conservative management (Mairiga, et al., 2009).
Introduction
Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is the implantation of a fertilized ovum outside the lining of the endometrial
cavity (Ikeme, et al., 2005). EP is also known as tubal pregnancy; the most common site of EP
which occurs when the fertilized egg gets stuck on its way to the uterus, due to tubal damage from
different causes such as inflammation following a poorly treated pelvic inflammatory disease,
hormonal imbalances or abnormal development of a fertilized egg (Ikeme, et al., 2005). Other sites
of EP include the ovaries, cervix, broad ligament, abdominal cavity and heterotopic pregnancy
though rare in spontaneous pregnancies (1 in 3000–4000), has been recorded in up to 3% of
pregnancies from assisted reproduction (Symonds IM.,1998). EP

Why Abortion Should Be Legal
Abortion is a touchy subject with a lot of people but it is a very important issue that the world is
facing. There is a lot of history when it comes to abortion, but the first case took place in Georgia
Doe v Bolton in 1973 and that is where is all began on a legal stand point. The most important thing
people need to look at is you can't make this decision based off of your feelings you have to take a
life and effects of both the mother and child's life, that line is crossed and it becomes personal way
too often. I am going to give you facts to why abortion needs to be legal for anyone of the
consensual age. Now from the first abortion cases before this case you were only allowed an
abortion if raped, severe deform, or fatal to mother. Basically ... Show more content on
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Most paces say you cannot have an abortion after 24 to 26 weeks in Texas it is 28 weeks. By then
there is actually a life in there and you may not take a life. I find that rather fair because it gives the
mother and influences around more than enough time to come to an agreement to what should
happen. One thing I do not believe though is that anyone's opinion should matter but the mothers but
that's deeper in every case. If we were to make abortions illegal we have to realize that women
would still have the procedures done, it would be unsafe of course. "The dangerous practice of
unregulated abortions led to a high U.S. maternal mortality rate, Reagan says. In her book, she cites
a study done in 1931 showing illegal procedures are responsible for 14% of maternal deaths." In
"1962, Sherri Finkbine, an Arizona mother of four, travels to Sweden after a local hospital denies
her request for a legal abortion. Finkbine had taken the drug thalidomide, which researchers linked
to birth defects. " To sum it up I am not against abortion because it should 100% be the mothers
choice, that is who goes through all the pain and suffering and forms the first bond with the child so
that is the only person who should matter in such critical decisions. Said best by Seth Millstein "the
right to life doesn't mean the right to put someone else life at risk." the mother and at the most the
father should make the decision not the government who doesn't even want to help you the figure it's
every man for themselves. Sounds to me like more hanging people out to

Maternal Mortality And Death Of A Pregnant Woman Essay
Introduction
Maternal mortality/death is defined as the death of a pregnant woman by causes related to the
pregnancy or its management, or death of a post–partum mother within 42 days after pregnancy
termination (Requejo, Bryce, Victora, & Deixel, 2013; Ronsmans, Graham, & group, 2006; Say et
al., 2014). There are proposals to change this definition to make it include one–year post–partum
death of mothers, as the risk of death has been shown to remain high half a year post–partum
(Ronsmans et al., 2006). Many maternal deaths that occur usually occur in low and middle income
countries. In the year 2010, 287, 000 maternal deaths that were avoidable occurred, and most
occurred in these developing countries. Reduction of maternal deaths has been one of the outcomes
that have been targeted in the efforts to improve maternal health for the Millennium Development
Goals (MDGs) (Say et al., 2014). In developing countries, especially Sub Saharan Africa, where
fertility levels remain high, maternal deaths have continued to be high despite the general deaths
reduction (Requejo et al., 2013). Many argue that there is not enough information to confidently
describe and quantify this problem, but Requejo et al., 2013 reported that the available information
is sufficient.
The social issues
The causes of maternal deaths are both direct and indirect. Majorly, the causes of maternal death are
usually the aftermath of childbirth and pregnancy, and are majorly contributed to by diseases and

My Interest On Maternal Mortality, Morbidity, And Health
My interest in maternal mortality, morbidity, and health was first piqued by my mother, who has
always worked in the field. As I got older, I began to more completely grasp the topics that she dealt
with, and the implications they had for women universally. Even to this day, I cannot understand
why women, the creators of life, do not receive more respect, or even regard, for the services they
provide humanity. That is why this topic interests me so much, because even after reading all the
material about how women are mistreated and abused in regard to their childbearing abilities and
processes, it always brings me back to asking the question, "why women?"
Despite the evidence that universal access to contraception results in fewer newborn and maternal
deaths, helps create stronger communities by empowering women and girls, and leads to more girls
staying in school for longer, which in turn increases their lifetime earnings and opportunities, there
is still a huge number of women and girls around the world that have an unmet need for modern
contraception. The Millennium Development Goals for 2015 called for universal access to
contraception by the end of 2015, and while some progress has been made, it doesn't seem that the
goal will be achieved. In 2012, however, at the London Summit on Family Planning some
momentum was gained on the matter. The summit brought together governments, civil society
groups, multinational organizations, and the private sector who all committed to

Essay On Child Mortality In Kenya
Furthermore, the decline in childhood mortality in Kenya reflects the recent global trend of under–5
mortality reduction at a faster pace than at any other time in the past two decades (UNICEF, 2014).
The Ministry of Health (2015) describes malaria as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in
Kenya, with more than 70 percent of the country's population at risk of infection. In Kenya,
scientists have shown through studies that areas that have latitudes ranging from 0 to 1300 meters
such as around Lake Victoria in western Kenya and the coastal regions have a high malaria
prevalence rate and thus high under–5 mortality rate ( MOH,2015). The free maternal healthcare
policy programme was announced by The Government of Kenya on 1st June ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Firstly, the introduction of free maternity health services in all public health facilities in Kenya.
Secondly, the conceptualization and launch of Human Resources for Health aims at addressing such
critical issues like staff recruitment, deployment, and training among health (Ministry of Devolution,
2013). Thirdly, the Implementation of a Community Health Strategy by workers aims at
strengthening Level I hospital services. Fourthly, the capacity of households is upgraded not only to
demand services from providers, but also to know and gradually achieve their rights to equitable,
good quality health care. During the period of 2008–2012 nearly 2530 community health units were
established in the health sector (Ministry of Devolution, 2013).Furthermore, the proportion of
children who are under 5 years sleeping under Insecticide Treated Bed Nets has increased
progressively from around 2.9% in 2000 to 42.2% in the year 2011 ( ibid). This has been attributed
to massive investment in free mass net distribution and routine distribution of bed nets to expectant
mothers and children under five in Maternal Child Health clinics (MCH) (Ministry of Devolution,
2013). Research shows that the proportion of children in Kenya treated with appropriate anti–
malaria medicines declined from 64.4% in 2000 to 23% in 2008 (Ministry of Devolution, 2013).The
Kenyan government also scaled up efforts to eliminate

The Importance Of Maternal And Child Health Progress On A...
Importance of Maternal and Child Health Progress on a Global Scale As one of the most significant
and pressing priorities of the Unites States government concerning global health, child and maternal
health is crucial and must be improved on an international level. Of all the Millennium Development
Goals, goals four and five have shown the least amount of progress. The goals which aim to reduce
child mortality and improve maternal health, respectively, have shown an embarrisingly minimal
amount of progress for the obstrusively simple solutions that accompany the situation. It is essential
to strengthen maternal and child health programs as it is a human rights issue as well as a health
concern. Women around the world deserve to have improved access to high–quality services. (8)
Policies regarding health as well as multisectoral policies are vital in this effort as they will help in
establishing a healthy environment which will foster the proliferation and facilitation of
interventions. Despite the clear issues that require urgent addressing such as the stagnant maternal
death rate and high newborn mortality rates, other issues still require immediate attention as
maternal and child health is an incredibly important topic among organizations that are focusing on
global health. The reason this issue presents itself in urgency and is becoming a high priority does
not solely rest in the severity of the case. The problems that surround maternal and child health are
so easily

Family Planning Methods
Many women in developing countries do not have access to services like family planning, antenatal
care and delivery by a trained personnel (WHO, 2007). For example, in a country like Uganda, only
30 percent of married women from the age of 15 to 49 use modern family planning methods (Salwa
Bitar & McKenzie Lamborne, 2014).
Low rates of maternal health service utilisation in sub–Saharan Africa have also been attributed to
the unequal gender relations arising from religious beliefs, teachings and practices and cultural
influences (Katherine Marshall, 2013; UNAIDS, 2014; International Community of women living
with HIV/AIDS, 2004; J.K. Ganle, 2015; Booth D& Cammack D, 2013). The low levels of
commitment to protecting women's health in many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With this background, scholars Yadamsuren B et al. (2010), Widmer M et al. (2011), and institutions
like the World Bank (1993) and the UN Global Strategy for Women's and Children's Health (WHO,
2010) argue that for countries to experience improvements in women's access to quality maternal
healthcare, there is need for strong partnership between the public health care sector and the private
sector particularly FBOs (Gill Z. et al., 2008; Widmer M et al. 2011; Gill Z et al. 2008). It is against
this background that I explore the different actors/providers of maternal and general healthcare in
developing countries.
The provision of maternal health care in developing countries.
There is a need to clarify the use of the terms 'state' and 'government' and Public Sector. The
concepts are distinct but closely related. For the purpose of this research, I use the term public sector
which is defined by Duff J.F et al (2015: 1787) as, "bodies charged under rule of law with
governance of society at international, national, regional and local levels". An exception is when the
texts make reference to specific governments, which disassociates the terms from each other.
In most developing countries,

Global Health Agendas And Domestic Government 's Health...
This is where I examine the "intersection" of global health agendas and domestic government's
health policies. Recipient countries are encouraged to claim ownership for development strategies,
and one way is through Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSP). These papers would be
published and submitted to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) or World Bank every few years
detailing where a country has come from and its strategy in the short or medium term to reach
poverty reduction goals.
The PRSP goals for both countries are aligned with the MDGs. However, although Liberia and
Sierra Leone had similar health objectives in their PRSPs, the outcomes for both countries are
different. Internationally, Liberia was heralded as making the greatest progress in its health status as
it had the highest increase of life expectancy in the world (19.7 years) from 1990 to 2012 (WHO
2013). According to Nkwanga (2015), international donors used Liberia's achievement as proof of
success of the aid programs. Sierra Leone on the other hand did not garner the same achievements
with these performance–based measures. According to Health Poverty Action's report (Sharples
2015), Sierra Leone ranks very low on the Human Development Index at 183 out of 187 countries.
It had a high infant mortality rate of 107 deaths per 1,000 live births and 1165 maternal deaths for
every 100,000 live births, one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world (Sharples 2015 p.
4). However, the turmoil,

Informative Speech About Uganda
Uganda
Hello fellow United Nations members, it is an honour to be here. While the MDG's can be
considered a global success as they have enhanced the lives of many people within developing
nations, it is still important to note that there are still glaring factors in developing countries that are
holding them back. Therefore, it is important that we take note of these factors and try to work on
them in order to improve the lives of everyone within these countries. A country that I strongly
believe needs to be focused on is Uganda. Hence, in this speech, I will analyse the characteristics
that have inhibited development in line with the United Nations MDG's and address the progress of
Uganda. By the end of the speech, the recommended appropriate strategies to achieve the
goals/improve on them will be provided. It is hypothesised that although corruption and Civil War
have held Uganda back, social influences along with poverty has stopped Uganda from reaching all
their goals.
Uganda faces many problems that inhibit their development such as Civil War. As stated by Global
Security "conflict and violence have plagued much of Uganda since independence" (Global
Security, N.D). This is largely due to the Civil War and corruption the country faces daily. Civil War
has played a long part in Uganda's history dating back to 1962 with 14 insurgencies occurring within
the country since 1971. The Civil War dramatically worsened when Joseph Kony, leader of the
Lord's resistance army (LRA)

Rhetorical Analysis Of Margaret Sanger 's The Children 's Era
In America, the twentieth century marked the beginning of a pivotal age that contained many social
and political reforms for women. Feminists around the country each presented unique ideas for
women's rights, most of them through influential writings and speeches. Margaret Sanger was an
undeniably significant contributor who made a huge impact on the future of women's civil liberties.
A nurse with a prolific writing career, Sanger delivered her speech "The Children's Era" in 1925, a
text that advocates for the use of contraceptives to improve the lives of mothers and children.
Throughout the speech, she employs the use of analogies to provide clarity to her purpose and
deliver a lasting message that women's bodies must be controlled if they are to effectively fulfill
their maternal obligations. Sanger also incorporates two of the Aristotelian appeals, logos and
pathos, to accentuate the plight that mothers and children must face despite an accessible solution.
The careful application of diction throughout her speech also emphasizes her three main rhetorical
strategies. These rhetorical devices support Sanger's overall message of maternal empowerment and
convince her hesitant audience to fully accept her progressive ideals. During the nineteenth century,
women had few rights, and were often objectified by men. An ideal woman was subservient to her
husband, had plenty of children, and was not expected to work outside the home. As the Victorian
era progressed, some women

Sexual Health in Civilization Essay examples
Introduction
Sexual and reproductive health deals with the state of complete physical, mental and social well
being, not just the absence of disease or infrimity. The article points out that there needs to be a
social impact on sexual and reproductive health services and for policy makers to be aware of these
things so their can be funding for these programs and public education about it too. The reason why
this is an interesting topic is because each society around the world has different groups of people
who have their own or cultural view on when it comes to sexual health and illness as matter of fact
not all cultures or groups are aware on how to prevent an unwanted pregnancy or have the
knowledge of the transmission of sexually ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Investing in Family Planning Services
In a developed first world nation where the use of contraceptive such as birth control and condoms
is due to the fact that our governments are concerned about the rates of teenage pregnancy, but for
an underdeveloped nation it spells out demise for a woman to be a single mother and have a difficult
time staying in school, social isolation and more unplanned pregnancies (Kane and Wellings, 1999).
In those underdeveloped countries the problem lie where the widespread failure of not using the
contraceptive correctly. For example in the UK, where contraceptive is available for free at least a
quarter of the of pregnancies ending in abortion are conceived without contraception and most of
those resulted in incorrect use or inconsistent use (Glasier et al, 2006).
Prenatal Care
Newborn care is essential for the survival of an infant during its first year of life as well as the
mothers also, according to the report, maternal mortality rate in many countries have remained more
or less stagnant over the past 15 years but more than half a million maternal deaths takes place each
year. With all the technologies that modern medicine has to offer their shouldn't be any excuse for a
mother to die during childbirth but it just goes to show the distinction between rich and poor nations
(Glasier et al, 2006). The World Health Organization (WHO) points out some of the ways that we
can implement to improve the mortality rate of the

UNICEF Ethical Statement

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