Statistics In Statistics

Statistics In Statistics
Hypothesis I: Students with greater scores on political knowledge vote more in elections Methods:
We created a survey using the Qualtrics program to test our hypothesis of whether political
knowledge and political engagement translate to youth turnout in post–secondary students. The
survey consisted of 36 close–ended questions consisting of multiple choice, dichotomous, likert
scaling and semantic scaling options. The survey topics included 1) personal information 2) voting
history 3) knowledge of voting information 4) political engagement and activism, and 5) testing
political knowledge. We decided to ask close–ended questions because it allowed for easier data
collection for quantitative data and we had already collected more rich ... Show more content on
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Of those 41 participants who scored between 50% and 70%, 54% voted in the last 2015 federal
election. Lastly, of those 9 participants who scored below 40%, 56% voted in the 2015 federal
election. Our results for the question "did you vote in the last 2015 federal election?" were that 60%
said yes, and 40% said no. Our results reveal that of those 30 participants who did not complete the
survey 7 said they voted in the 2015 federal election, 10 said they did not vote in the 2015 federal
election and the remaining 13 left the survey and declined to answer the question. Those participants
who scored the highest in the political knowledge based portion of the survey expressed the highest
average responses in regards to eagerness about the next federal, provincial and municipal election,
with the scale of 0 being very uninterested and 5 being very interested. The average response
amongst the participants who scored 80%, or higher on the political knowledge questions was 4.83
for the next federal election and 4.93 for the next provincial election. These participants responses
regarding the next municipal election was still the highest, but generated less enthusiasm with the
average response being 2.97. Those participants who scored satisfactorily on the knowledge based
portion of the survey expressed an average excitement for the next federal, provincial and municipal
election of 4.44 , 4.07 and 2.63 respectively. Lastly, those
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Teen Activism Research Paper
Anyone can be a teen activist even if they are poor or don't think they can do it. Teen activists are
people that want to make a positive change in the world. All teen activists have one thing in
common: they all want to make a change in the world. Also, they are very important to society. And
finally, they get motivated in many different ways. Activism is not necessarily a good thing or a bad
thing. It all depends on the cause and the actions, and a person's judgment of if it is worthwhile. All
teen activists have a few traits in common. Take Alex lin and Trisha prabha for example. Trisha is a
coder that developed a prize winning software that helps put an end to cyberbullying. When an
interviewer asked Trisha "what is cyberbullying" she answered by saying "If you post something
online that hurts someone's character or puts them down, that is cyberbullying. You may not have
intended to hurt the person, but that doesn't make what you posted any less hurtful." Alex lin is a 16
teen year old who is trying to stop e–waste. E–waste is electronic waste that is just thrown in the
trash. " Almost all electronic devices contain varying amounts of hazardous chemicals and heavy
metals–lead, mercury, and cadmium being among the most deadly to the human body" Lin says.
Both activist are very ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Without teen activists society might not be as clean or there might be a lot of bullies. They can make
society more powerful, stronger and even make people less of a bully or more enjoyable. Also, some
activist put an end to slavery. The most common image of activism is a public protest, such as a
rally or a march. This is a useful starting place in looking at methods of activism. Usually, activists
from groups that all want to change the world in their way. Leaders play an important role in activist
groups and movements, they have to keep the group in order, plan the meetings, reach out to other
important people and do many other

Kennelly Citizen Youth
II. Dominant Narratives and Findings of Kennelly's "Citizen Youth" The terms "citizen" and
"activist" are often used broadly. Without any historical, social or political context, the fundamental
reasons that evoke political participation are usually lost. Eventually, notions of the citizen activist
become generalized across social and political spectrums. For youth, modern discourses
surrounding activism lacks the differentiation between "citizen" and "activist." As a result, the many
underlying reasons for political participation become almost invisible. In the book, Jacqueline
Kennelly explores the importance of what it means to be a certain kind of youth citizen in the
twenty–first century (p. 3). Furthermore, she explores how youth activism ... Show more content on
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15). Without understanding certain historical processes that shape notions of an idyllic citizen, like
those discussed in the previous paragraph, we cannot understand the current exclusions that lead to
activism. Specifically, Kennelly argues that the constraints of neoliberalism are reinforced
differently through what she calls the "habitus." The habitus is a system of dispositions that create
certain conditions for youth activism (p. 75). In this chapter of the book, Kennelly interviews
several participants to understand how the habitus acts as an influencing agent. For example, by
growing up in a home that emphasizes social justice (i.e. having activist parents), an individual
could be predisposed to the importance of activism (p. 79). At the same time, certain predispositions
may also encourage activism. Along various racial, cultural and ethnic fault lines, activism may be
encouraged for the sake of equality. Among many examples, Kennelly uses the example of Sanna, a
"Kenyan–Canadian" who feels the need to explain she is more than just "Canadian" based on her
appearance (p. 85). In this aspect, the both habitus examples conflict in origin, yet both create a
sense of social justice. This paragraph largely relies on Pierre Bordieu's notion that every "field"
contains a certain

Chapter Summary Of Toxic Wastes And Race By Brullard
In the Brullard reading, Toxic Wastes and Race at Twenty: 1987–2007, Brullard discusses racial and
socioeconomic disparities in relation to environmental issues from 1987 to 2007. 1987 is significant
because it is the year when a report about environmental racism entitled Toxic Wastes and Race was
published. This report raised awareness about the idea of environmental injustice and spurred
further research on the subject. In Chapter 3, Brullard outlines two different methods used in this
research: analysis of census data and "distance–based" methods. Brullard explains that using
different research methods leads to slightly varying results, but studies using both methods still
show racial disparities in relation to environmental hazards. In Chapter 4, Brullard argues that these
disparities still exist in 2007, and that they exist all over the United States. In Chapter 7, he provides
a contemporary example: the Holt family. The Holt family's well water was contaminated because it
was located near a landfill. The government, while ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She believes that many people have too narrow a definition of racism, thinking only of racists acts
with malicious intent. She explores the ideas of white privilege and explains that acts can be racist
even if they lack malicious intent. She goes on to detail residential patterns in the LA area from the
1950s, emphasizing that today's disparities are rooted in history. The Washington reading also looks
at the development of disparities over time, beginning with the Middle Passage that occurred in the
1600s. Working with a very broad definition of 'environment,' Washington details the poor health
conditions that slaves faced in the New World, both while enslaved and after being freed. Like the
Pulido reading, this article emphasizes the historical precedents of environmental

Activism In If A Tree Falls
The films If a Tree Falls, Bidder 70, and Trinkets and Beads all exhibit some form of environmental
activism that goes against the generalized position on how the environment ought to be controlled
and dominated. For Daniel McGowan, his method was monkeywrenching; Tim De Christopher's–
monkeywrenching and civil disobedience; Moi and the Huaorani–holding to tradition. Activism
comes in all forms and these are just three examples. However, their activism points to a greater
issue.
In If a Tree Falls, we are introduced to the story of Daniel McGowan–a member of the Earth
Liberation Front. Daniel started out as a regular guy growing up, but became radicalized through the
Wetlands Environmental Center. During this time, he became involved in the Earth Liberation Front
and had gained the alias "the Disgruntled One" because of his attitude. As he continued to change
and advance in the environmental movement, he became more accepting of the concept of
monkeywrenching. Dave Foreman says that monkeywrenching "can be safe, it can be easy, it can be
fun... but it must be strategic, it must be thoughtful, it must be deliberate in order to succeed"
(Foreman 192). For Edward Abbey, monkeywrenching references any act that seeks to preserve the
wilderness, and this included sabotage, activism, and law–making. In Daniel's case, he and a group
of others conducted several arsons on various properties across the Pacific–Northwest. As a result,
he and others whom were involved in the arsons were

Judicial Restraint Essay
Judicial restraint and judicial activism are two opposite approaches to the checks and balances
system found within the legal system of the United States. Although both approaches are used to
prevent the use of any fraudulent power within the government, judicial activism is the
interpretation of the Constitution via contemporary traditions and values. Judicial restraint, on the
other hand, limits the power to strike down a law by faithfully applying precedent. This polarity
may be difficult to distinguish between, however three methods have been developed to easier
analyze which approach has been used. Based on the actions of the Supreme Court, if the outcome
of a case upholds laws and statues, upholds stare decisis, and strictly adheres to the Constitution, the
judge used judicial restraint. Moreover, judicial activism would not necessarily uphold the laws and
statues, stare decisis, or adhere to the Constitution. Therefore, the most distinguishing factor that
sets these two apart is their ability to influence a change to public policy; judicial activism is a direct
form of public policy change.
The distinction between judicial activism and judicial restraint may seem very prominent and clear
cut now, yet the 2010 McDonald v. the city of Chicago case arguably uses both approaches. On June
28th, 2010, the Supreme Court ruled (5–4), that the Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution,
which guarantees "the right of the people to keep and bear Arms," applies to state and local
government as well as to the federal government (BRITTANICA). The suit was filed to challenge
the provisions of a 1982 Chicago law that generally banned the new registration of handguns and
made registration a prerequisite to owning a firearm. This case is the perfect example to showcase
how judicial restraint and activism both act on the outcome of a case.
The 2010 McDonald v. the city of Chicago case upheld precedents established on the Duncan
standard– a more inclusive test based on the Duncan v Louisiana case– compelled the court to
reject, on stare decisis, the main defendant's argument. The Supreme Court adhered strictly to the
Constitution, however, and based their outcome on the fourteenth amendment. This amendment,
focused on

Cataloging Of Assets
Literature Review
There was a significant lack of literature on leadership development in tenant associations.
However, there is a significant and relevant grassroots leadership development and sustaining
activism literature that were deemed relevant to our project. Specifically, we reviewed concepts and
themes focused on developing leaders and sustaining activism, which are essential in building and
sustaining leadership structure and capacity.
Cataloging of Assets
Cataloging of assets is an essential organizational tool for leadership development. It identifies
leadership strengths, needs, and potential areas for growth (Solansky, 2010; Mumford 2010 etc al).
It is especially significant for organizations focused on leadership development ... Show more
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Gadora notes that a formal tenant leadership training program can be used develop the necessary
leadership infrastructure to support a tenant associations work and develop local capacity. Also,
Gadora notes that a tenant leadership program can be a recruitment tool ("Hook") to bring in more
potential leaders to support organizational capacity. Designing tenant leadership program, according
to Gadora, trains individuals in key organizing, such as running a campaign and collaborating with
public officials to shape policy. This is why an allocation of resources to design a leadership
program with staff familiar with leadership development practices is essential to accomplish this.
Informal
Although formal training and leadership programs are primary methods that allows activists to gain
these concrete organizing skills, Van Dyke and Dixon note that activists can also develop concrete
skills in the context of a campaign and, as previously noted, via interactions with other activists.
Dyke and Dixon note that the acquiring of skills by activists makes them feel inspired and
empowered to sustain their activist activities.
Activist

Small Change : Why He Revolution Will Not Be Tweeted
The relationship between people has been changed because of the widely using of new technology.
People can easily communicate with other people by using different kinds of methods. Because of
the use of those methods, people have more space with others and frequently hide part of
themselves on the Internet in order to show the best of them. In the essay "Small Change: Why he
Revolution Will Not Be Tweeted", Malcolm Gladwell states that the relationship between people
can be categorized by strong ties and weak ties. For example, in the past, people communicated by
the method of interpersonal hierarchies, which are considered as strong ties. However, with the
development of technology, social network, such as Twitter, Facebook, and Skype, which have
become very popular in the world, are regarded as weak ties. Moreover, in the essay "Alone
Together", Sherry Turkle claims that people are distant with others and get lost in the virtual world
through the new technology. She points out that now people communicate with others through
technology instead of directing talking to real people. Furthermore, some people suppose that
sociable robots as substitutes for people. Both Gladwell and Turkle agree with the idea that
technology plays an important role on people's connection. Technology only creates inauthentic
relationship because it hides identity of many disorganized people. Authenticity means have strong
connections. However, what technology does is that it creates many weak

Small Change: Why the Revolution Will Not Be Tweeted
Small Change: Why the Revolution Will Not Be Tweeted The term "social media" refers to the wide
range of Internet–based and mobile services that allow users to participate in online exchanges,
contribute user–created content, or join online communities (Dewing). It has become common today
to use applications such as Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube to express and share your thoughts,
opinions, and common interest. In Small Change: Why the Revolution Will Not Be Tweeted, writer
Malcolm Gladwell touches upon the issues of social media's role in activism vs. the traditional way
of becoming a true activist Many of us today use these social networks for its beneficial approach to
attract users and acquaintances to support their cause or ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, Shirky explains that there is the openness to allow individual to "join" a cause and
allow individuals to get involved at a click of a mouse. In addition, Shirky states that these social
media outlets are fantastic networking tools to be used for gathering individuals to join a cause.
Gladwell defends his side by stating "simply a form of organizing which favors the weak–tie
connections that gives us access to information over the strong–tie connection that help us persevere
in the face of danger." (Gladwell 327). Gladwell uses this method to expose the reader of where he
is coming from. He is acknowledging why people use Facebook, Twitter and other social media
devices, but he still stands by his position throughout the article. The majority of events we get
involved with on Facebook Twitter are diseases, cancers, and donations. Gladwell states, "Donating
bone marrow isn't a trivial matter. But it doesn't involve financial or personal risk; it doesn't mean
spending a summer being chased by armed men. It's the kind of commitment that will bring only
social acknowledgment and praise." (Gladwell 321). A majority of "likes" #hashtags and
"@retweets" are notable for those who express a minor interest for a cause they just read about. This
is a strong claim from Gladwell because he shows us that we have weak ties to other individuals and
noting that our friends on Facebook are

Thegsum Choling
One purpose of religious organizations is to spread their core beliefs and to effect as many
individuals as possible. They achieve this goal through social involvement and activism. Some
religious organizations involve themselves in environmental interaction and activism as well. In
Gainesville, there is Tibetan Buddhist meditation center called the Gainesville Karma Thegsum
Choling. The Gainesville Karma Thegsum Choling studies and practices Karma Kagyu, one of the
four main schools of Tibetan Buddhism. Some core beliefs and values found in Tibetan Buddhism
are spiritual growth, spiritual awakeness, and daily practice. Since the Gainesville Karma Thegsum
Choling does not involve itself in social and environmental activism, it utilizes different methods to
spread their core beliefs and values by means of free beginners classes, online webcast teachings,
and community events throughout the year. Multiple religious organizations involve themselves in
social and environmental activism to spread their core values and beliefs. Since the Gainesville
Karma Thegsum Choling does not participate in activism, the center uses different ... Show more
Some of these organization spread their beliefs through social and environmental activism.
However, not all organizations participate in social or environmental activism. The Gainesville
Karma Thegsum Choling is a Tibetan Buddhist meditation center that does involve itself in any sort
of activism. To spread their beliefs and to gain new followers the center must employ different
methods. For example, to introduce individuals to Buddhism, the center has free beginners classes.
The center also has a webcast teaching series available online to reach individuals around the world.
Finally, the Gainesville Karma Thegsum Choling hosts several events throughout the year to help
make individuals more familiar and comfortable with the

The Supreme Court Of India
1. INTRODUCTION
Most social movements in India since the 1970s have actively used the Courts–especially the
Supreme Court–as a part of their struggles. This has been possible because of the higher Courts'
activism, especially under the guidance and action of Public Interest Litigation. Through the
instrument of Public Interest Litigation, the Court liberated itself from traditional constraints in the
legal system so as to reach out 'to the weaker sections of Indian humanity.
The Supreme Court of India has adopted a forward–looking approach since last few years,
particularly having regard to the socio–economic conditions prevailing in the country. In fact there
are two kinds of approaches which characterise the functioning of the highest Court in every
democracy. Either the Court adopts an activist approach or resigns itself to passive role. In a country
like India, judges adopt an activist approach to bring about social and economic change and to
improve the life conditions of the people and make basic human rights available to them. The
Supreme Court has revolved a new doctrine of judicial activism with a view of making basic human
rights meaningful and effective for the deprived and exploited sections of humanity.
Judiciary is the third wing of the Government empowered to administer justice to the people of
India. The Courts are protectors of an individual's Fundamental and Legal Rights when they are
violated. But in these days, access to Court is also a difficult task

Is Online Activism A Force For Social Change?
Activism using the Internet and other new media is increasingly having an impact in broadening the
scope of civic action in support of human rights in East Asia. Select one or two case studies of
activism in ONE East Asian country studied in this course. With regard to your chosen case studies,
how effective is online activism as a force for social change? How are government authorities
responding to the challenge of internet activism?
Richard Ge
Introduction
In Communist China, thought confining and regulation for access to banned book are existing. The
authoritarian government controls all the knowledge, spiritual and cultural disseminating channel,
for example, media, publishing, films, drama, etc. (Chen 2006 p.5)
Nonetheless, the popularization of the internet enables the Chinese to get in touch with the Western
values. Thus, activism for human rights has appeared online. This essay will argue how online
activism has influenced Chinese understandings of human rights; formed the attitude toward the
authoritarian regime; and shaped the Chinese society. Two cases are selected namely 1) Shanxi
black brick kiln slave scandal; 2) Lei Yang incident. At the same time, I will illustrate how the
authority response to the two incidents which are positive and negative respectively. The positive is
that the social welfare has been improved, while the negative is that the government tightened the
cyber control.
Campaign for civil society in Pre–internet era
Before the appearance

Influence Of The Federal Government
Throughout the years 1877–1981, minority groups employed activism in a variety of guises in the
struggle to achieve civil rights. While leading activists could draw on international events to
strengthen their cause and enjoyed greater success as the campaign persisted, it ultimately fell to the
government to make advances: activists needed a sympathetic president and government to legally
push through change, thus the progression of civil rights was arguably dictated more by the current
political situation than by the work of activists. The influence of the federal government is further
seen by the fact that it both hindered and accomplished change throughout this period. Methods of
activism varied between groups, and between time periods, but of the three main forms of activism
employed in campaigns (litigation, violence and direct action) direct action was the most successful;
minority groups – primarily African–Americans – tired of the slow and inconsistent success in the
courts, and so brought direct action to the fore in the 1950s and 60s. Before this time, however,
violent measures were prevalent: the Hispanic Las Gorras Blancas campaign was launched in
conjunction with the ongoing Apache Wars (the Native Americans' attempt to have their own
recognised lands, which continued into the twentieth century) and although both achieved publicity,
they were met unsympathetically by the government, which was justifiably forced to deal with the
violence (or what could even be

Design Ideas, Creativity And Technique
Introduction: According to Fuad–Luke, (2009) Design activism is the process of 'design ideas,
creativity and technique that carried out intentionally or unintentionally to develop a counter–
narrative intended at creating and managing constructive social, institutional, ecological and/or
economic revolution.' The Design Activists have a prominent effect on the society in a way that the
designs produced by them have a deep relationship with the culture and different kinds of people
perceive their ideas in a different way. The design ideas could range from a very small
advertisement to a large signage system to save lives of people in critical situations. As designs also
have a greater impact on our thoughts, so everything appears to us through a different angle, thus
revealing the nature in different ways as well. The concepts of design, which are to be used for
activism, are still very narrow and it has created many problems and confusions in the minds of the
people. By having conceptualized designs any designer can promote activism for social movements,
whereas misleading design ideas can create a lot of social and economic problems. By having
accurate and robust designs the ideas of people will get clear and design activism will be easily
accessible within the field of design. The vision lies in the motion and therefore a lot of design
activists are enhancing their designs to a benefit the communities and improving the environment
and on the other hand the designs, which

Wounded Knee Case Study
Question 6: AIM 's Influence at Wounded Knee and the General Significance of the Takeover The
intervention of the American Indian Movement (AIM) at Wounded Knee (February 1973 till May
1973) played an important role for the people at the Pine Ridge reservation and was extremely
significant for the Indian country and the course of the Red Power movement. AIM supported the
Oglala tribe and the Oglala Sioux Civil Rights Organization (OSCRO) in their fight against the
corrupt tribal government under the leadership of Richard Wilson and its Guardians of Oglala
Nation (GOONS). AIM affected every party involved in a different way and finally, Wounded Knee
created a watershed in Indian activism, by helping to give the American Indians a voice through
national and international media attention. AIM started to intervene at the Pine Ridge reservation to
support the traditional Oglala ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
AIM was able to give the Oglala hope and bring justice (Smith, Warrior 199) to the reservation.
Additional, AIM's leaders, Dennis Banks and Russell Means, provided experiences and modern
methods; they "knew how to bring the world to Pine Ridge" (Smith, Warrior 200). During the
occupation, there was a massive national and international media presence and attention, because
"AIM excelled in the politics of symbols and media" (Gump 434). Furthermore, AIM was a kind of
backbone for the OSCRO, because they united new powers with traditional ones (cf. Smith, Warrior
197) and "provided [the Oglala] with an opportunity for active expressions for their grievances [...]"
(Bonney 217–218), which affected especially the OSCRO very positively. This helped to change the
stand of the Oglala, even if media often mocked the local people. However, AIM's activism also
included arms, militant actions and aggressiveness, which were sometimes rejected by the Indians.
Nevertheless, AIM also affected the GOONs and their chairman Wilson, unfortunately in a

The Role Of Flatbush Tenant Coalition ( Ftc ), An...
Client and services
Flatbush Tenant Coalition (FTC) is an initiative of the Flatbush Development Corporation (FDC), a
nonprofit organization that provides an array of support services for the Flatbush community,
including preserving and protecting affordable housing, business attraction and retention initiatives,
immigrant family services, and youth services. It was formed in 1975 by tenants and homeowners
who sought to address the physical deterioration of the neighborhood.
FTC is a coalition of tenant associations that aims to build tenant power in central and south
Brooklyn. Collectively, members work to improve the lives of low– to–moderate income tenants in
the community, who are subject to undesirable living conditions, displacement, and harassment
from landlords. FTC supports the growth of tenant associations and the development of tenant
leaders to address these needs in a variety of ways, including
Supporting tenants in organizing their buildings
Collaborating with tenant associations to initiate building campaigns or other initiatives to address
building issues, including repairs and maintenance
Educating tenants on their rights, housing laws, and political education, including information about
local elected leaders, community boards, and local, state, and national housing agencies
Supporting, planning, and participating in city, state, and national tenant rights campaigns
Helping tenants secure pro bono lawyers and document success
Conducting

The Importance of Social Media to Activism Essay
Lindsey Brown Professor Daren Dean English 2000 22 March 2013 You Cannot Ignore the
Importance of Social Media According to Dictionary.reference.com, activism is the policy or action
of using campaigning to bring about political or social change. A huge campaign that is well known
across the world, the Civil Rights Movement, was brought about by Martin Luther King, Jr. King
risked his life everyday to ensure justice and equality for the African American race. "Small
Change" by Malcolm Gladwell gives insight on how activism is more effective than social media,
especially from one scenario at the Woolworth's lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina.
Gladwell points out his strong belief of what activism can do for a society rather ... Show more
Another drawback is the potential to cause riots or outbreaks in a school, town, or even a country.
The countless amount of bullying that happens on social networks is evidence that if social media
participants are not careful about what they post on their social media pages and on the Internet for
public viewing, it can possibly trigger bias or prejudice judgments. Social networking sites began to
become popular in 2002 and although still in their youth, it has many disadvantages that should not
be overlooked. People should not have to be worried about what they put on social networks
because as Americans, we have freedom of speech. Thus it is reasonable for people to be skeptical
and oppose social media when runs the risk of being counterproductive. No matter how much
potential social media has for political or societal change it is important to criticize its negative
aspects. An article written by Andrea Moncada, begins her argument with the question has social
media had the same impact on advocacy. Similar to Gladwell's points of view, Moncada states,
"social media can help get the word around, but participants must be united by a core message and
traditional methods..." This source of uncertainty is the basis for its support and is understandable.
In addition to the fraudulent issue and the disadvantages it presents; there is a crucial distinction
between traditional activism and its online

Nonviolent Activism In John Lewis March Book One
In the graphic novel March Book One by John Lewis, there are many forms of activism that helped
change the lives of several African Americans. Sit– ins and boycotts were two famous forms of
nonviolent activism used by Blacks.
The first form of nonviolent activism were the sit– ins administered by Jim Lawson, founder of the
Fellowship of Reconciliation. The members of this group were extremely dedicated and devoted to
the practice of nonviolence. Prior to the sit–in Jim Lawson led many workshops to prepare Blacks
of the harsh treatment to expect from the Whites. The primary goal of the sit– ins is to stress the
importance of being courageous and standing up for the rights of Blacks. Also the goal was to show
White people that Blacks are humans and should be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the book, the group prepared to conduct a sit–in at a diner. They sat in the White people section
causing tension between them. Second, they purchased their food, the waiter said " We don't serve
niggers here". Then, were met by a large number of angry White people demanding that they all
leave. Finally, members of the group refused to exit the store as a result they were physically and
verbally abused by them. However, the members stuck by one another and did not break the practice
of nonviolence. This was effective because later the Whites stopped their abusive ways and left
them alone. They were so astonished at the fact that people would take so much abuse just to stand
up for themselves. This form of activism will be effective today. In today's society the media has a
huge impact on the image of businesses. Unfortunately, racism still exist in most places, but people
never want to get caught for being a racist because it is bad for business. For example, if a store is
guilty of not serving

The Supreme Court Of India
Most social movements in India since the 1970s have actively used the Courts–especially the
Supreme Court–as a part of their struggles. This has been possible because of the higher Courts'
activism, especially under the guidance and action of Public Interest Litigation. Through the
instrument of Public Interest Litigation, the Court liberated itself from traditional constraints in the
legal system so as to reach out 'to the weaker sections of Indian humanity.
The Supreme Court of India has adopted a forward–looking approach since last few years,
particularly having regard to the socio–economic conditions prevailing in the country. In fact there
are two kinds of approaches which characterise the functioning of the highest Court in every ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The traditional method of providing justice has operated to close the doors of Courts to the poor and
has caused denial of justice to millions of people. Only a person having ample of time and money is
able to afford the services of the judiciary. Justice P.N. Bhagwati rightly observed that our system of
administration of justice suffers two serious defects, namely, delay and expense.
Judicial Activism has opened up new dimensions for the judicial process and in the administration
of justice and has given a hope of the justice to the million starving people. The Fundamentals
Rights enshrined in the Constitution have no meaning for the large masses of people who are
leading a life a poverty and destitution, unless a socio–economic structure in which these rights
become meaningful for them is created. The concept of Public Interest Litigation intended to bring
justice within the reach of poor masses and to people who are not in a position to have access to
Courts. It was initiated for the benefit of a class of people, who had been denied their constitutional
and legal rights as they could not have access to the Courts on account of their socio–economic
disabilities. Public Interest Litigation or PIL is understood and treated as the citizens' invocation and
the use of the delivery of legal services in aid of and as a tool of administration of justice.
PIL is sometimes termed as

The Importance Of Art
Art has many functions, it can illustrate real life events and people, it can be created for aesthetic
purposes, and it can be expressive. Artists have often broken away from the traditional approach to
art making, where they laboured over art commissioned by the wealthy, and although artist still may
work under commission, they also create art for their own exploration with their own intentions and
purpose. According to Jacques Rancière, artists play a larger role in the community, or at least they
ought to. He believes artists should use their media as a platform to take charge. Jacques Rancière
argues that "artistic practices are ways of doing and making that intervene in the general distribution
of these ways of doing and making as well as in the relationships they maintain to models of being
and forms of visibility" (p. 403). All art has the capability to be political, and Rancière argues artists
ought to disrupt the distribution of the sensible, and they can do so through visual activism. An
example of an artist who engages in such practices is Adrian Piper, with her recent artwork Imagine
(Trayvon Martin) in 2013 (see fig. 1). Figure 1. Digital image, Adrian Piper, Imagine (Trayvon
Martin), Adrian Piper Research Archive Foundation, 2013; Web.
Rancière argues artists ought to rupture the distribution of the sensible. The distribution of the
sensible is a concept explaining how power relations are enacted through sensation and perception
determining what will be

Slacktivism Movement Analysis
How can we differentiate an act of slacktivism versus an act of activism? Is the act categorized
based on how successful it is? And how do we define success? To delve into these questions we will
examine the #BBUM movement at the University of Michigan. In October of 2013, The University
of Michigan's Black Student Union gathered with other student leaders on campus to discuss how
they could make their voices heard on how upset they were that the university's black enrollment
rate was continuing to diminish. The BSU decided to create a low–cost Twitter campaign utilizing
the hashtag #BBUM (Being Black at the University of Michigan). This campaign shined a light on
what it is really like to be black at one of the top public universities in the nation. Initially, #BBUM
was used by a small group of black students from UofM's Ann Arbor campus. As the campaign
picked up steam, a broader public of black students of universities across the nation began tweeting
their similar experiences of being the "token" or feelings of exclusion. The #BBUM campaign not
only allowed people to connect and discuss but also invited participants and spectators to reflect
upon black student activism in past years on college campuses across the ... Show more content on
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In reality, change takes time. With #BBUM, most of these goals still have not been met by the
university. These activists from #BBUM have collaborated with other organizations on campus to
meet their own demands. I do not believe that systematic change begins with the institution, but
with the people who inhabit it. Those who will benefit from the organization or the campaign or the
movement are the ones who ought to lead it and be at the forefront fighting for it. As said by Shane
Bernardo an activist for food justice issues, at a Food Justice Panel at UM, "The most effective
movements grow organically from the people whom they are designed to

Summary Of Small Change By Malcolm Gladwell
Jessica Nichelson English 101 Essay 5 Mrs. Cain Activism at Its Finest The author Malcolm
Gladwell wrote the article, "Small Change: Why the Revolution Will Not Be Tweeted.", discusses
many interesting topics throughout the reading. The comparison of activism from the 1960's to
today has dramatically changed. This essay appeared in the New Yorker on October 14th, 2010.
Another accomplishment of Gladwell is that he was named Time magazine's 100 Most Influential
People in 2005. Gladwell also has several best–selling books. In Gladwell's article, he compares
activism from the 1960's to modern day activism and the methods of organization. Back in the
1960's, activism was planned by word of mouth and had to be more structured. Today's activism can
be planned by clicking the keys of one's computer and is less structured. A person can have a
thousand "friends" on Facebook, that you have never met in real life, and convince them to get
involved in a social movement. Whereas, Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. felt a calling from the
pulpit to inspire social change for the black community. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Not only did they share a dorm room, but they all four attended the same high school. They
discussed the sit in for a full month before one, Ezell Blair, got up enough courage to ask for a cup
of coffee. The next day, the protest had grown to twenty–seven with the men dressed in suits and
ties, and the students brought their schoolwork as they sat quietly at the counter. Day by day, the
number of protesters quickly grew by word of mouth until the end of the month where there were
sit–ins across the southern states. When all was said and done, approximately 70,000 students took
part in the protest. Some described it as a "fever". This all took place without one text, email,
Facebook, or Twitter

The Hashtag Activism
I think hashtag activism is a great method for people all over America to have a say. Speaking of
social injustices and explaining what upsets someone gives rise to awareness of the injustice. The
first step in change is knowing you have to change. I feel with hashtag activism, because there are
so many things to support, so many movements people get lost in what they are supporting and so
the activism simply remains an idea. No actions are made to actually activate because people only
support on the internet, not many people are willing to actually go out and protest what they believe.
These kinds of people are called armchairm activists because they support from the comfort of their
couch. Saying you are going to do something and actually

Youth Activism
Aashika Damodar purpose for writing The Rise of " Great Potential'': Youth Activism Against
Gender –Based Violence essay is informing the public. Concerning of how the youth activism is an
extraordinary reorganized communication arrangement beaning ; dissatisfied with the mass
collective action on social media. The method of how youth are quick to act or respond to the social
media. A universal situation on Facebook or twitter blogs or messages ,such as the Chris Brown
issue with a domestic violence charge the youth response was creating a web page that supported his
wrong.Technogoly is imporivizing the youth way of communcation and how things need to be
handle and talked about. The youth communication skills are moral poor how, the means of
communication has gone to technology by ways of on–line view or messages. Accentuating that the
communication with youth is nothing more than an outburst of anger of someone(s) opinion on the
social media. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The effects are combining on–line activism and offline action the value of communicating and
getting action, a better way for the youth to communicate without being on– line. Knowing the skills
of discussing problems to others in person, you will better understand problems of what the issue is.
Communication for the youth is more about how many friends you have on Facebook or who
follows you on twitter or how many likes can you get on a blog not really interacting with others
outside of the family. This essay views perfect points on how tactics are made and evaluate on the
youth social media and how online discussion may not be a valuable choice when communicating
about life problems verses personal, face– to –face or meetings to sort out the problem and not a
blog to take a vote. That may have a million views and comments on what is happening in the

First Critique Of Facebook Activism: Slacktivism
As Facebook established its preeminence in the earlier years of the twenty–first century, its user
base moved more and more of their activities to the versatile platform that Facebook provides. Some
activities that made this transition were enhanced and even improved by the switch, but other
activities were stripped to nothing but a hollow shell of themselves. This is true of activism.
Activism on Facebook is reduced to slacktivism: the act of supporting a cause by performing
nominal gestures. The problem with slacktivism is that if fails to affect social and political change, it
requires the oversimplification of complex issues, and it does not encourage the formation of a bond
between fellow activists. Kirk Kristofferson, Katherine White, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Malcolm Gladwell, staff writer for The New Yorker, and foremost critic of online activism,
discusses the differences between online activism and activism in his article "Small Change".
Gladwell reasons that the most important part of activism is the connections that are formed
between human beings. But the activism associated with social media does not have this
characteristic. As he puts it, "the platforms of social media are built around weak ties...Facebook is a
tool for efficiently managing you acquaintances (Gladwell, par. 15)." So, not only is Facebook rife
with slacktivism, but it is also not conducive of any form of strong

Summary Of Small Change By Malcolm Gladwell
Summary Response Essay Malcolm Gladwell's essay "Small Change: Why the revolution will not
be tweeted" is an excellent essay about how technology has affected activism. Specifically,
Gladwell is writing this essay in response to the generalization that technology makes activism
easier and/ or more effective. Gladwell continually references the Greensboro Sit–In that occurred
in in early February of 1960. He uses this example as an example of what activism used to be like.
In particular he emphasizes the dedication, danger, passion for the cause, and willpower that
activism took in those days. He further expounds upon the use of technology in the modern era and
how it affects communication. He agrees that people are much more connected because of
technology but also notes that that connection is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The following quote from the essay is an excellent example of the distinction that he makes, "The
evangelists of social media don't understand this distinction; they seem to believe that a Facebook
friend is the same as a real friend and that signing up for a donor registry in Silicon Valley today is
activism in the same sense as sitting at a segregated lunch counter in Greensboro in 1960." This
quote also brings to light his opinion about the level of commitment and sacrifice activism demands
now compared to a less technological age. He makes the point that social media and technology
make contributing to a cause, such as the Save Darfur Coalition page on Facebook, much easier
today because they can reach greater number of people and that people are more likely to contribute
because it costs them little in terms of resources (time, money, travel ect). He also weighs the merits
of the structure of activism through social media versus the structure of a more centralized

Hacktivism Morally Justified Summary
Critical Essay
In the article 'Hacking as Politically Motivated Digital Civil Disobedience: Is Hacktivism Morally
Justified? ' by Kenneth Einar Himma, She argues that the as an electronic civil disobedience,
hacktivism is morally impermissible. Kenneth claims that the acts of civil disobedience is not
always morally permissible because the nature of it is disobeying the state of the law and it is more
expressive than the right to free speech. Then she discusses the framework to evaluate acts of civil
disobedience in both sides of favoring and against the civil disobedience. Ultimately, she argues that
hacktivism as a kind of electronic civil disobedience is impermissible because of its moral disvalue
to the society when applied the evaluation framework to it.
Despite Kenneth argues that hacktivism is morally impermissible due to its moral disvalue by
referring that hacker are trying to get away from punishment and negatively affect innocent third
party, I believe that non–malicious hacktivism is morally permissible. I will attack her points by
arguing if the intellectual property rights is unnecessary, there will not be any legitimate
punishments. Then from the utilitirism side, I will discuss the moral value or benefits of hacktivism
is over its moral disvalue to the whole society.
Kenneth first premise is that hacktivism with political motivation is digital civil disobedience. She
argues that the characteristics of hacktivists and the motivation of the act decided

Kanehsatake: 270 Years Of Resistance
Memory Keepers
"Open your mouth. Use your voice. This is delusion on a massive scale. Delusion that affects you
every day whether or not you realize it. Why Do I Care? Here's a better question: Why Don't You?"
Robert Animikii Horton (Bebaamweyaazh), activist
"He asked me how far I was willing to go. I said, 'Six feet under.' And I think that's what's going to
happen. It's going to be a death feast," says an activist from Alanis Obomsawin's riveting
documentary entitled Kanehsatake: 270 Years of Resistance. Indigenous political activism, in any
setting, is a struggle against death–the death of a culture, the death of a language, and most insidious
of all, the death of resistance. These 'deaths', in the political and institutional context ... Show more
There is also the struggle within the community in terms of accepting and/or acknowledging video
as a legitimate representation of their culture. Although Garcia states that video indigena is "loaded
with symbols and codes" and tackles such community–building concepts such as language,
intimacy, and family (Wortham 2004: 365), the medium, which has garnered a positive international
reputation, struggles with "their limited acceptance in their home community where the apparent
self–evident capacity of video indigena to represent culture has been challenged with accusations of
personal and fiscal responsibility" (Wortham 2004:

Essay on Judicial Activism Versus Judicial Restraint
Judicial Activism Vs. Judicial Restraint The debate between Judicial Activism and Judicial Restraint
really grabbed my attention. Judicial Activism and Judicial Restraint are two different ways to
interpret the constitution and its laws. Both interpretations have their own strengths and weaknesses,
which is why it is so hard to come to a final decision of which is acceptable and which is not (in
most cases). While at the debate I didn't realize how many cases have boiled down to these two
concepts. There have been many cases ended up being decided by both interpretations. I believe
Judicial Activism should be removed from the Supreme Court. The Original definition of Judicial
Activism is defined as a philosophy of judicial decision– ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Stare Decisis plays a large role in Judicial Restraint. Stare Decisis is sticking to an established ruling
that was handed down by past judges or jurors. A form of judicial restraint is called the political
question doctrine, and it is significant in understanding this interpretation of the law. The political
question doctrine is when a court acknowledges that the constitution is violated but does not decide
to act. There are plenty of examples of Judicial Restraint throughout our history but the one that
stands out the most in my mind is Gore Vs. Bush. In this case the Florida supreme courts methods
of recounting the presidential ballots was considered and ruled as having violated the Equal
Protection Laws which is under the fourteenth amendment in a presidential election. Everyone
seems to know that something wrong was done, but no one really understands what happened.
Before this debate I didn't realize that this was an example of Judicial Restraint. And this is why I
caint agree with either interpretations of the law. Both of these interpretations are ways to go around
the laws already set in stone. I believe that there should be some type of law created to protect the
constitution. I do not agree with either interpretations and I believe that they are both wrong. These
are examples of flaws in the constitution that should be dealt with. As I listened to this debate I
realized and understood more and more

Reel News
Strength:
One factor which stood out from the beginning to end was that the chapter was written very well
with regards to the presence of factual writing. Dr. Presence presented the information about Reel
News' journey through a chronological time–line fashion. He states the major events which had
occurred and its connection with the culture of technology with facts and makes logical opinions
based on proof from quotes and other scholarly work. When talking about Dey graduating school
and being inspired by the alter–globalisation movement, according to Dr. Presence (2016), "Apart
from obviously this new movement that was happening, was that kids were getting hold of all this
new technology that was available, digital technology, and actually reporting on their own struggle."
(p. 108) This quote was directly quoted from Dey as he was going through his ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Dey realized that his target market had shifted online and since his scope of filmmaking and lens–
based media can tailor to this market, he took his chance and ended up succeeding. Dr. Presence
also talks about Reel News and its independence a countless number of times and supports his
argument by stating according to Dr. Presence (2016), "The organization's website, for instance,
proudly declares that: Reel News is completely independent and non–aligned. We are completely
against sectarianism in all its forms, anti–capitalists in outlook, against the anti–trade–union laws..."
(p. 109) Dr. Presence specifically details information from the official Reel News during 2012 to
justify the claim that many contemporary film organizations and its employees are writing,
directing, producing, and marketing/distributing organically without the help of external source
which may alter footage or influence its own

##ivism Or Slacktivism? How Social Media Hurts And Helps...
Social Media Does social media affect people? If we are connected to any social media, the platform
has been a slacktivism at one point or another. Social activism is a good thing because it helps you
have wealth, opportunities, and other privileges. The power of social media is hard to dismiss. What
once seemed like a trivial way to keep in touch with friends, sharing photos and jokes, has become a
force for societal change, shining light on subjects previously unknown, deepening conversations
and empowering citizens of the world to unite and effect change in a number of ways. Interestingly,
social media as a medium for connecting, organizing and communicating is powering and spreading
democracy. In the article, By Kate Essig article "Activism Or Slacktivism? How Social Media Hurts
And Helps Student Activism" She writes about the opposing viewpoints between being active and
the idea of just reading about a topic and liking it. Consequently, she even mentions how it is "like
wearing a pin" since it holds no real purpose. However, she then quotes Christine LaFon who said
that "awareness is given" meaning that since many people can probably read, they are already aware
of issues that people are struggling with. Now people have to actually be active if they want to help
change something. In the article "We Shall Overcome," the students said to the police that kept
growing. The students had so much enthusiasm because they cared about protesting in what they
believed in.

Pros And Cons Of Arm Chair Activism
"Arm chair activism" is effective activism. Twitter hashtags, specifically, are effective in engaging
both the local and global community, allowing for increased awareness of different causes.
Moreover, this online activity allows "everyday" individuals to engage in activism and helps
individuals that may not have the time nor the resources to engage in "traditional" forms of activism
(i.e. marching, boycotting, etc) to take part in helping to generate positive change. Both "arm chair
activism" and "traditional" forms of activism are valid, but both have their pros and cons. For
example, while "arm chair activism" is a good means of raising awareness and engaging the
community, it is easy for individuals to become detached from the causes they are supposedly ...
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While supposedly well–intentioned, the RED campaign in not an effective form of activism. The
Richey and Ponte article explains the RED campaign's flaws, which are cumulatively a result of the
campaign's consumeristic roots. An important critique of the RED campaign is that its components
make the campaign severely detached from the population that the campaign is meant to benefit. For
example, the unethical conditions under which RED products are produced are rooted in "poverty,
inequality, and disease" (Richey and Ponte 15). This level of "commodity fetishism" further
highlights the large influence of capitalism and consumerism on the RED campaign, which is then
further exacerbated through the campaign's utilization of celebrities to market and sell RED
products. The decision to utilize celebrities not only masks the reality of unethical production, but
also places a higher social value on the purchase of these products.

A Discourse On Anthropological Activism
Contemporary Human Issues: A Discourse on Activism and Advocacy
Introduction
In this essay, I will be creating a discourse on anthropological activism and how it relates to the
basic principles of anthropology, whilst referring to the case study Activist Anthropologists by
Victoria Sanford. I will provide my anthropological views on this subject based on my research.
Anthropological Ethics: Discipline, Deviation and Duty
Anthropology, as a discipline in the field of human sciences, is based on certain ethical principles to
guide its practitioners through their research. This creates a stable framework on which to start any
research project. Avoiding deviation, however, can be complicated. Anthropologists have a
responsibility to their field, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Take, for example, the research conducted by Shannon Speed in Chiapas and Monique Skidmore in
Burma (Sanford, V. 2006). Both women were in complicated situations where they were privy to the
plight of their suffering research subjects, yet inhibited by the watchful eye of a dominating power
that would not allow them to completely overstep their bounds. Both researchers are women,
mothers and were foreigners in their research community, but would not allow that to deter them
from supporting human rights work and attempting to better the lives or at least create awareness of
the suffering of the sociocultural group they studied (Sanford, V. 2006). Anthropological activism
can aid in bringing about integral political, economic and social change. Attempting to be objective
in essence equates to supporting the status quo (Sanford, V. 2006) and as human beings with an
interest in humanity, we cannot sit by idly as inequality grows and horrendous occurrences

Opinion On Gun Control
My opinion on gun control is that we should have it because what if something like a disease
happen to us and the doctor can't find a cure to it and it a put break but then it a big outbreak and
cant stop it were going to if we have gun control but then on the plus if we have gun control then
there wont be more school shooting A boycott is another form of activism. In a boycott against a
business, people protest the actions of a company by refusing to buy its products or services. The
purpose of the boycott is not only to voice the opinions of the group. It is also an attempt to get that
business to change its actions, usually by threatening the business' profits, as well as generating
negative publicity. Campaigns for public office may

Small Change And Democracy In Cyberspace
Technology has opened the door to a new world where our technological advancements have
ultimately created the tools that are necessary to enhance our lifestyles and bring immediate change
to society. In the past, society was not thoroughly developed. In fact, many individuals struggled in
methods of communication. Technology has played an immense role in our development and
bringing change to our lives. As our society has continued developing, technology has unfolded
rapidly introducing methods that have expanded our scientific field, but most importantly it has
created stronger methods of communication where society is able to interact with any individual and
share a message. In the articles, Small Change and Democracy in Cyberspace, we explore the
author's perspective towards technology and its impact on social ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In present–day society, technology has had a paramount impact on social activism by creating a
voice for those who have been deprived of one, redefining public awareness through through
enhanced communication and uniting society towards a common goal. Technology has unraveled
rapidly, it has managed to break down barriers that secluded and oppressed us. Technology has
allowed us to communicate our ideas and notions behind a screen. In the past, when we have held
protest several people have united to fight towards a common cause. However, there are those who
could not attend the protest or were located in a different area from the protest. It is in these cases
where technology plays a key role. For those, who are behind a screen, modern technology has
allowed them to participate in events without actually being present. Social media has been a voice
for those who are afraid or have been deprived of one. In our society,

Shareholder Activism : A Policy Of Vigorous Action Essay
The Concise Oxford Dictionary, ninth edition defines the term "activism" as a policy of vigorous
action in a cause, especially in politics. From such viewpoint, shareholder activism has its origins in
politics. Terms like "activists" and "activism" are commonly used in politics. Hence, shareholder
activism can be understood as an intensive action taken by an owner or a person with an interest in a
company. Another definition from Wikipedia mentions that activist shareholders use an equity stake
in a corporation to put pressure in various forms on the management board. Haigh et al (2004)
identifies shareholder activism as a process by which shareholders of a listed firm, under the
provisions of securities legislation, can demand members to meet and vote on specific resolutions.
Therefore, shareholder activism is used as a tool to draw the attention of the firm's managers and the
board of directors (Schwab and Thomas, 1998). Differently, Guay et al. (2004) describes
shareholder activism as a mixture of socially responsible investment, corporate governance and
shareholder capitalism. A shareholder can ask firms be sustainable and to comply a good corporate
governance. Smith (1996) states that shareholder activism includes monitoring and attempts to
change the firm's controlling structure that is not pursuing the goal of maximizing the wealth of its
shareholders. Generally, shareholder activism relates to shareholder's rights to participate to a
certain level of

Teaching Diversity And Equitable Classrooms Versus Teacher...
It is important for educators to explore the relationships between teaching diversity and equitable
classrooms versus teacher activism. In this paper, I will be reflecting upon my experiences teaching,
learning and unlearning as a teacher candidate. Throughout this course, I learned that educators
should engage in critical social action, and these actions can come in many different forms. The
school is a place where students can share experiences and knowledge differences. Educators can
start by create a classroom environment where these conversations can occur and bring then these
conversations outside of the classroom. There are several key concepts that resonated with me
through my journey in this course. These course concepts were culturally relevant pedagogy, queer
pedagogy, multicultural and anti–oppressive education, and decolonization of schools. The concept
of teacher activism was very foreign to me when it was first introduced to me in class. I had no
experience in activism in the classroom, but I realized through this course how important it was to
identify the injustices in our society. As well, I began to identify my own personal biases and knew I
had to remove them before engaging in teacher activism. However, I still think it is important to
emphasize that everyone should still be entitled to their own opinion. I believe that educators can
share their own personal experiences to show that students are able to share their own experiences in
a safe and

Activism Vs. Slacktivism Summary
Forms of activism have become more prevalent in the 20th century than ever. From the use of in–
person protest, sit ins, and social media networks, there is no way possible that someone does not
have the tools to be voice how they feel about a certain topic or issue going on in today's society. In
"Small Change, an article written by Malcolm gladwell, Gladwell's point of view is that in person
activism, like the ones that took place during the 60's era and civil rights movement was built
around" strong– ties" while social media movements which are major today, are considered and
built around" weak–ties"(Gladwell). While this is a very fascinating theory, I think gladwell
challenges his point of view as he begins to describe the major ... Show more content on
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Slacktivism" article, he states that "activist are highly plugged into social media"(McCafferty). Most
activist today get their points across by different media outlets like Twitter, Facebook, and Tumblr to
discuss important trending topics which allows for a larger conversation and groups to join in and in
turn has allowed for some of the same amount of social reform to happen as it did during the civil
rights era with in person demonstrations. That being said, it is nearly impossible for activist to bring
insight on political demonstrations and campaigns without using a social networking site today. A
main action of an activist is to network, which makes how the activist puts out his or her
information to draw in attention critical for change. The foundation of activism will always be
"about people"(McCafferty). The act of a social activist doing public protest with the use of signs
and propaganda can cause the same effect of wanted change on social media but rather with the use
of ascendant verbiage. Most political figures who are in jurisdiction to produce change are heavily
active on social networks and become aware of protest in their city via social media. This makes
how the group via in person or online presents themselves to the public sets up the platform of the
response that will be reciprocated back and the possibility of

Hacktivism Essay
Introduction
Walk through the grocery store or go to buy a computer or a car, you will see labels for no steroids
or additives, "This item meets energy star requirements", or an EPA rating sticker. These primarily
have come about from activist and lobbyist. Activism has definitely shaped our society for better or
worse.
Activism has long been a practice in American society. Only recently has the Internet become a
factor in political participation. Hacktivism has brought a new method of activism where people all
over the world can participate in. But is this new form of activism ethical from any standpoint? This
paper will discuss the ethics behind hacktivism.
Ethics
Merriam–Webster defines ethic as "the discipline dealing with what ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
(McGeehan, n.d.)
The 1980s were remembered for the activism surrounding the issue of HIV/AIDS (OutHistory,
2010) and the 1990s were filled with people interested in bringing to light social issues such as
abortion, nuclear proliferation, environmental protection, rights for those with disabilities and
continued civil rights issues (Martin, 2007). This isn't a complete list of course but it is a rough
outline of the things that concerned citizens during a 30–year period of American history.
Activism has been a huge part of our society, just look at how we came to America in the first place.
Activism tends to more in favor of people and their rights, but we do have laws against violence and
damaging property. Activism has come in peaceful protests, to boycotting products, to burning down
buildings and starting wars. Depending on the passion of the individuals and how far they are
willing to go a lot of harm can come from activism. Yet activism seems to carve society in such a
way to conform if the move is strong enough. Is it justified to kill people over slavery? Ultimately
probably not, but some may think so.
The age of computing has brought us closer together as a global community. The Internet allows us
to speak to a worldwide audience. With the increased use of computers, networking and digital
storage of documents, more accessibility has come about. People can share thousands of documents
from

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