After reading Chapter 7 and the required resources for this week, consider the following scenario: HIV Help-Inc., a non-profit organization focusing on the prevention of HIV/AIDS just received a $10 million grant to fund several projects.  The organization is currently located in an older building that needs extensive repairs. The organization is using outdated office equipment In addition, one additional staff member is needed in order to keep up with incoming phone calls and requests for presentations and community outreach activities. A portion of the grant - $2 million - is allotted for business improvements which can address one of these three areas: repairs to building, outdated office equipment, and more staff. The remaining $8 million is to be used to further enhance the continuum of care level to provide access to preventive health services.   Section A:  Create a cost benefit analysis for an update that will improve the business: structural, office equipment, or staff. You can be creative in determining what the business needs.  The cost will use the full amount of funds allotted to this improvement ($2 Million), so you can only improve one of these three needs. Section B:  Create a cost effective analysis to determine how to best spend the $8 million portion of the grant funding on education and other preventive services. The organization currently serves the community and clientele with community education classes at schools and community centers, as well as the distribution of condoms and educational materials. They wish to expand their current services to reach the neighboring community (4,000 residents), add social media advertising and messaging to reach the younger population, distribute educational material and condoms to homeless shelters in the area, and add HIV testing to at-risk individuals. Select two of the potential services and determine how the money can be best spent to have the greatest outcome for the HIV+ population in the community. Based on the  CDC website , analyze how cultural norms impact the risk of getting HIV.  Explain one method or action on how to address this challenge. Your initial contribution should be 250 to 300 words in length. Use proper APA formatting for in-text citations and references as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. This is the example that she told use to look at...... Decision  makers  use  economic  tools  to  analyze  the  financial  and  social  costs  associated  with  caring  for  the  vulnerable.  A  cost-benefit analysis  (CBA)  assigns  monetary  value ,  or  dollar  total,  to  both  direct  and  indirect  costs,  then  compares  the  costs  and  benefits  of  a project  to  determine  the  likelihood  of  the  project  producing  a  positive  outcome  and  a  good  return  on  the  financial  investments  of  the project.  The  difficult  part  of  cost-benefit  analysis  is  assigning  monetary  value  to  abstract  social  costs.  Here  is  a  simplified  example  .

1. After reading Chapter 7 and the required resources for this
week, consider the following scenario:
HIV Help-Inc., a non-profit organization focusing on the
prevention of HIV/AIDS just received a $10 million grant to
fund several projects. The organization is currently located in
an older building that needs extensive repairs. The organization
is using outdated office equipment In addition, one additional
staff member is needed in order to keep up with incoming phone
calls and requests for presentations and community outreach
activities. A portion of the grant - $2 million - is allotted for
business improvements which can address one of these three
areas: repairs to building, outdated office equipment, and more
staff. The remaining $8 million is to be used to further enhance
the continuum of care level to provide access to preventive
health services.
Section A:
Create a cost benefit analysis for an update that will improve
the business: structural, office equipment, or staff. You can be
creative in determining what the business needs. The cost will
use the full amount of funds allotted to this improvement ($2
Million), so you can only improve one of these three needs.
Section B:
Create a cost effective analysis to determine how to best spend
the $8 million portion of the grant funding on education and
other preventive services.
The organization currently serves the community and clientele
with community education classes at schools and community
centers, as well as the distribution of condoms and educational
materials. They wish to expand their current services to reach
the neighboring community (4,000 residents), add social media
advertising and messaging to reach the younger population,
distribute educational material and condoms to homeless
shelters in the area, and add HIV testing to at-risk individuals.
Select two of the potential services and determine how the

2. money can be best spent to have the greatest outcome for the
HIV+ population in the community.
Based on the
CDC website
, analyze how cultural norms impact the risk of getting HIV.
Explain one method or action on how to address this challenge.
Your initial contribution should be 250 to 300 words in length.
Use proper APA formatting for in-text citations and references
as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
This is the example that she told use to look at......
Decision
makers
use
economic
tools
to
analyze
the
financial
and
social
costs
associated
with
caring
for
the
vulnerable.
A
cost-benefit
analysis
(CBA)
assigns
monetary
value
,

3. or
dollar
total,
to
both
direct
and
indirect
costs,
then
compares
the
costs
and
benefits
of
a
project
to
determine
the
likelihood
of
the
project
producing
a
positive
outcome
and
a
good
return
on
the
financial

4. investments
of
the
project.
The
difficult
part
of
cost-benefit
analysis
is
assigning
monetary
value
to
abstract
social
costs.
Here
is
a
simplified
example
of
a
cost-benefit
analysis
for
a
program
that
would
provide
free
immunizations
to

5. schoolchildren:
Step
1:
Assign
monetary
value
to
both
direct
and
indirect
costs.
Direct
costs:
Trained
staff
($1,000
for
one
day)
Syringes
($0.50
per
child
×
300
children
=
$150)
Vaccinations
($5
per
child
×
300
children

6. =
$1,500)
Alcohol
pads
($0.10
per
child
×
300
children
=
$30)
Bandages
($0.10
per
child
×
300
children
=
$30)
Total
direct
costs:
$2,710
Indirect
costs:
Missed
classroom
time
(cost
to
run
the
school
for

7. one
day
=
$5,000)
Total
indirect
costs:
$5,000
Step
2:
Determine
the
expected
benefit
of
the
program.
Children
who
have
received
the
vaccine
are
less
likely
to
miss
school
due
to
illness
(this
reduces
the
resources

8. needed
to
catch
children
up
on
missed
schoolwork).
Teachers
are
less
likely
to
catch
illness
from
the
vaccinated
children
and
so
are
less
likely
to
miss
work
(cost
per
missed
day
of
work
=
$200
per

9. teacher,
per
missed
day).
If
the
program
lowers
the
average
number
of
missed
days
from
three
to
two,
the
financial
benefit
of
fewer
missed
work
days
is
$12,000:
3
missed
days
×
$200
per
day
×

10. 60
teachers
in
the
school
=
$36,000
2
missed
days
×
$200
per
day
×
60
teachers
in
the
school
=
$24,000
Step
3:
Compare
the
costs
and
benefits.
Total
of
direct
and
indirect
costs
=

11. $7,710
Monetary
value
assigned
to
anticipated
benefit
=
$12,000
Total
savings
caused
by
the
immunization
program
=
$4,290
Step
4:
Make
a
decision.
The
program
provides
a
positive
return
on
investment,
both
in
financial
terms
and in

12. terms
of
the
school
population's
health.
Cost-benefit
analysis
focuses
on
the
value
of
one
program.
Conversely,
cost-effectiveness
analysis
(CEA)
is
a
method
of
comparing
two
or
more
programs.
Unlike
cost-benefit
analysis,
cost-effectiveness
analysis,
when
used
correctly,

13. assigns
both
monetary
value
and
social
value
to
program
outcomes.
With
CEA,
finances
are
not
the
only
determinant
of
a
program's
value.
For
example:
Smoking
prevention
program
for
teenagers:
cost
to
run
program:
$5,000
anticipated
percentage

14. of
students
who
will
not
smoke
(based
on
available
research
of
this
program
or
similar
ones):
75%
Smoking
cessation
program
for
adults:
cost
to
run
program:
$2,000
anticipated
percentage
of
program
participants
who
remain
nonsmokers
after

15. leaving
the
program
(based
on
available
research
of
this
program
or
similar
ones):
20%
Now
consider
the
cost
of
caring
for
a
long-term
smoker
who
may
present
with
emphysema,
heart
disease,
or
cancer.
Although
the
smoking

16. prevention
program
may
initially
cost
more,
CEA
indicates
that
it
offers
better
return
on
the
financial
and
social
investment.
Cost-effectiveness
can
also
be
expressed
using
a
mathematical
formula:
CE
ratio
=
Cost
new
program
−
Cost

17. current
program
Oucome
new
program
−
Outcome
current
program
The
mathematical
formula
does
not
put
as
much
weight
on
social
value
as
does
the
listing
method.
Even
with
cost-benefit
analysis
and
cost-effectiveness
analysis
to
normalize

18. data
across
programs
and
organizations,
it
is
still
challenging
to
make
comparisons
necessary
to
determine
resource
allocation.
This
is
partly
due
to
the
lack
of
standardized
data
reporting
techniques
and
a
general
lack
of
research
on

19. the
cost
analysis
of
many
programs.
This
is
especially
true
of
programs
that
care
for
certain
vulnerable
populations,
as
we
will
discuss
in
the
next
few
sections.