Ethical Issues Present In The Distilled Spirits Industry

Ethical Issues Present in the Distilled Spirits Industry
Introduction Accounting for over $120 billion of economic activity in 2010, the distilled spirits
industry is a prominent piece of the beverage industry as a whole. The alcohol industry is growing
rapidly in foreign markets, especially in countries such as China and Brazil. In the United States
alone, this industry generates over 3.9 million jobs and contributed about $8.8 billion directly to
state and local revenues (The Industry's Role section, para. 1). Team TOTs will discuss the ethical
issues that are prevalent in the distilled spirits industry, pressures facing the industry as well as
investment policy recommendations that VTF should follow. Ethical Issues The challenges the
distilled spirits industry face fall under two main categories, health and advertising. According to the
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Addiction, the use of alcohol is the "third leading
preventable cause of death" in the US (2014). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states
that heavy alcohol abuse can lead to a number of health issues, including cardiovascular,
neurological, psychiatric, and social problems, as well as cancer, liver disease, and sometimes death
(2014). In addition to the consequences to consumers' health and wellbeing, the industry must also
manage the challenge of responsible marketing. Underage drinking is a serious, prominent issue in
the US. Out of the 80,000 people who die each year from alcohol–related causes, 5,000 minors die
from as a result of
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Achieving Fit for Corporate Social Responsibility
Achieving Fit for Corporate Social Responsibility Evaluating the measure of corporate social
responsibility (CSR) is as much an attempt to ascertain ethical conduct of interactions with
stakeholders, as it is a management tool of to limit liability. A research summary of Corporate
Responsibility Best Practices, notes that 72% of NYSE Euronext traded firms surveyed have a
formal corporate responsibility programs in place (Corporate Responsibility Officer Association,
2011, p. 6). Just 20% of the surveyed firms did not view corporate responsibility as a priority, while
many firms believed that ethical corporate responsibility was ingrained throughout their culture and
functions. Realizing added value from CSR is best achieved by fitting actions with motivations to
concern both internal and external stakeholders. Ronald Hill and Karen Becker–Olsen find that CSR
projects deliver benefits to firms if there is a similarity between the corporate mission and the social
initiative, perceived motivations aimed at the good, and proactive timing (Hill & Becker–Olsen,
2005). Poor fitting CSR initiatives are those the public perceives as implying that the firm bears
fault and is reactive. Press releases by British Petroleum regarding their "commitment to the Gulf"
demonstrate both a reactive and poorly fitted motivation initiative that is unlikely to merit praise
from the community harmed (BP p.l.c., 2012). Additionally, measuring the success of a CSR
initiative that is reactive

Nike and Social Corporate Responsibility
Phil Knight and his track coach Bill Bowerman founded Blue Ribbon Sports in 1964. The company
started as being a distributor of Onituska Tiger athletic shoes which were imported from Japan. In
1971 they broke away from Onituska and created their own of shoes. The company was renamed,
Nike. It became the largest worldwide seller of athletic shoes. They branched out and created
various products lines; shoes, clothing, sporting goods and digital devices. They used celebrities to
promote their products. The first athlete to wear and promote their show was runner Steve
Prefontaine. Their now well know swoosh was first seen in the 1972 US Track and Field Trials.
Every basketball player in high school wanted a pair of Michael Jordan's, ... Show more content on
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They have created more sustainable products such as t–shirts made of recycled polyester and
recycled plastic bottles. Recycling old shoes into new ones. Nike started numerous charities and has
donated millions of dollars to organizations to help repair Nike's image. Nike must continuously
work towards the enforcement of their corporate social responsibilities that they have presented to
their suppliers at the same time they must remain competitive in the market place.
If I were dealing with the same issues that Nike experienced, I would have probably done the same
thing that they did. The need to get the suppliers and factories to adhere to save and fair treatment of
the employees along with a decent wage would be my first priority. To openly talk to the press,
customers or whoever would listen and inform then that yes, the ball was dropped and we have
problems, but we are working on correcting the problems and then outline the steps that were being
taken to resolve the issues. I grew up in Oregon and have heard numerous times how the company
started. I know people who work in the corporate office and Nike treats their employees in the
United States very good.
My Corporate Social Responsibility plan as if you were in charge would consist of establishing
guidelines that all suppliers must

Snider, Hill And Martin. (2003) Stated That“ Csr May Be
Snider, Hill and Martin. (2003) stated that " CSR may be defined in general terms as "the obligation
of the firm to use its resources in ways to benefit society, through committed participation as a
member of society, taking into account the society at large and improving welfare of society at large
independent of direct gains of the company" (as cited in Kok et al., 2001, p. 288). Since the growth
of the corporations depend on the societal factors, corporations should be responsible for the society
for the corporation's own benefit in the long run. "The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
construct describes the relationship between business and the larger society" (Snider et al., 2003).
According to The Wall Street Journal (2013), ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As Kline (2017) stated, "Socially responsible companies can reduce their credit spread by 40%,
avoid market losses from crises (saving millions), double the probability of receiving investment
grade ratings, reduce share price volatility 2–10%, and reduce systematic or market risk by 4%."
More interestingly, Kline (2017) mentioned, "...the researchers found that corporate responsibility
could potentially increase the market value of a company by up to 6% over a 15– year period.
Market value may grow even more –– to 40–80% higher than peers ' and competitors ' market value
–– for companies with strong relationships with stakeholders such as environmental and social
NGOs." Similarly, Kline (2017) voiced, "The study found several advantages on the human
resources front due to retention of talent attracted to CR. Staff turnover rates are 25 to 50% lower in
responsible companies, who can save around $3700 on average in wage increases to encourage an
employee to stay when he or she would rather go elsewhere." Kline (2017) brought up some
engaging trends, " In fact, in responsible companies 5% of employees say they are willing to accept
a decline in compensation. These companies register a 7.5% increase in

Case Study : A Spanish Speaking Custodian Named Mr. Lacolle
Report Body: Situation: 2.1– A Spanish speaking custodian named Mr. Magana was new and shown
by Mr. LaColle, the supply vendor how to use the powerful chemicals. Since he did not speak
Spanish, Mr. LaColle, demonstrated with a series of gestures how to use it without using gloves.
Magana after being shown, tried to use it on his shift and was hurt by the chemical. As a result,
OSHA fined the facility for a MSDS violation. 1. Did the facility fulfill its obligation to provide a
safe working environment for Magana? Answer: No, it did not. The facility could have done more.
Provided pictures of how to pour the chemical, had someone there to demonstrate better. A list of
the potential hazards such as minor and serious complications if the product is not used in the
correct way. 2. What should Mr. LaColle have done to avoid an OSHA violation? Answer: Mr.
LaColle could have avoided an OSHA violation by doing some of these options. Since he did not
speak Spanish he could have found someone who spoke Spanish to explain the concept to Mr.
Magana. Drawing pictures can help with an explanation with someone who does not understand
your language. Mr. LaColle could have stayed to make sure the job was done right. 3. How can this
issue be avoided? Answer: The issue could have been avoided by taking better precautions. Staying
with the worker to make sure the job was done correctly. Pictures on how to do the job, for those
who did not speak the supervisor's language. If these

Social, Cultural and Environmental Responsibility of...
Introduction
Corporate social responsibility is a form of corporate self–regulation integrated into a business
model. CSR policy functions as a built–in, self–regulating mechanism whereby business monitors
and ensures its active compliance with the spirit of the law, ethical standards, and international
norms. The goal of CSR is to embrace responsibility for the company 's actions and encourage a
positive impact through its activities on the environment, consumers, employees, communities,
stakeholders and all other members of the public sphere. Furthermore, CSR–focused businesses
would proactively promote the public interest (PI) by encouraging community growth and
development, and voluntarily eliminating practices that harm the public ... Show more content on
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The relationship between investor confidence and companies' environmental impact was recently
illustrated by the catastrophic failure of BP's gulf coast oil rig, Deepwater Horizon. The disastrous
failure of the rig's safety features has already taken a devastating toll on the ecology of the Gulf
Coast, and is likely to have harmful ramifications long into the future. The magnitude of the
Deepwater Horizon disaster and the immediate and long term costs it implies for BP seems to be
sinking in with BP investors as well. According to the New York Times, BP's stock has plunged
more than 13% since the incident began on April 20th. The company which operated the rig,
Transocean, has seen stock prices fall by more than 14%. Top BP Plc executives faced U.S.
lawmakers who grilled BP Plc on the drilling rig explosion and oil spill that threatens a socially
irresponsible environmental catastrophe and a major corporal social responsibility setback for BP
off the coast of Louisiana in the Gulf of Mexico. The colossal oil spill threatens numerous tourist
beaches, wildlife sanctuaries and fishing grounds across four states in the United States.
"BP Plc has spent up to US$125 million annually on its corporate social responsibility CSR
campaign to enhance its socially responsible image in its transition from British Petroleum to
Beyond Petroleum since 2000." BP Plc made monumental investments in solar energy and after a
string

The Risk Management Procedures And The Bylaws
THE RISK MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES AND THE BYLAWS, STANDING RULES, AND
POLICIES OF KAPPA KAPPA GAMMA MUST ALWAYS BE FOLLOWED SO THAT THE
INSURANCE PROGRAM OF KAPPA KAPPA GAMMA IS NOT JEOPARDIZED, EXPOSING
THE FRATERNITY OR INDIVIDUALS TO CIVIL LIABILITY.
Chapter events must be planned with respect for the academic responsibilities of each member and
must follow Risk Management Procedures. All planning must be in accordance with current
Fraternity Bylaws, Standing Rules and Policies and local, state/provincial, and federal laws.
The following are chapter events for which an Event Planning Form is required:
1. Any event involving alcohol.
2. Any event away from the chapter facility involving the chapter members and/or new members,
such as a new member retreat or when there is a potential risk involved in the event.
Fraternity Policies state, "Chapters may co–sponsor events in men's facilities such as dorms, lodges,
or houses, if and only if, those facilities are alcohol–free. A request for an exception shall be
directed to the District Risk Management Director." Chapters failing to follow this policy will be
subject to disciplinary action.
CO–SPONSORS
1. All co–sponsors must be in good standing, recognized by the university and their national
organization, and have insurance.
2. All co–sponsors understand and are willing to follow state laws and the Kappa Kappa Gamma
Fraternity Policies and the Risk Management Procedures.
3. All co–sponsors must co–sign the Event Planning

General Duty Of An Estate Agent Essay
General Duty to Protect the Public's Interest
The Agent:
2.1 shall not act in a way which will negatively affect the integrity of the industry.
2.2 shall protect the interests of the client to the best of their ability while considering all parties
involved.
2.3 shall always perform work duties with the integrity expected of an estate agent.
2.4 shall meet the terms of the Act and the regulations made known thereunder;
2.4 shall not through the medium of a company, close corporation or third party, or by using such
company, close corporation or third party as a front or nominee, act in a way which would not be
accepted if he was acting as an estate agent.
2.6 shall offer equal services regardless of race, creed, sex, or country of national origin;
2.7 shall not treat a purchaser according to who the purchaser chooses as a financial institution.
.
Mandates
3.1 No agent may sell a property unless he has a signed mandate from the seller to do so.
3.2 No agent may sell a property on behalf of a seller unless he has a signed mandate to do so.
3.3 No agent shall accept a sole mandate from a seller unless he has a written, signed agreement
showing an expiry date on a specific day of the month, e.g. 24 September 2015, indicating the
duration of the mandate.
3.4 No agent shall accept a sole mandate in which provision is made to extend the mandate after it
has expired. The client may request in a separate document, signed prior to the drafting of the
mandate, his wish to

Balfour's Leadership Was Responsible for the Decline in...
Balfour's leadership was responsible for the decline in the popularity of the conservative party
between the years 1902 – 1906.
Explain why you agree or disagree with this view. ( 24 marks )
Balfour's leadership along with other key factors, including chamberlain's influence, the Boer war
and the liberal party's actions, overall led to the decline in popularity for the conservative party
giving the liberals their first taste of power in the 1906 general election.
Balfour's character consisted of a very cautious, indecisive man which came across when faced with
Chamberlain and his debate on 'tariff reform', which stated that all non–British colonies should have
to pay tariffs on imports into Britain, making foreign goods more ... Show more content on
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Other unpopular acts that Balfour passed was the 1904 Licensing Act which angered non–
conformists who felt that it was just a concession to the liquor trade, which was a prime supplier of
income for the Unionists. The 1902 Education act was also unpopular as it created local schools out
of the funding from church schools, which angered Anglicans.
However, Balfour cannot be solely to blame for the decline in popularity from the Conservative
party. A key issue in the defeat of the Conservative party was Tariff reform discussed previously,
although Balfour cannot be blamed for this issue as it was Chamberlain in favour of the reform and
was the one that put it into place, therefore it was his responsibility for the split of the Conservative
party, not Balfour's.
The Conservative government looked weak at the placement of Tariff reform, which of no fault of
Balfour or the Conservatives, reunited the Liberal party after formally being split. We could explain
the result of the 1906 general election purely as a Liberal victory rather than a Conservative defeat
which Balfour had no input in, therefore cannot be blamed for the declining popularity of the
Conservatives. After all, the

The Lennar Corporation's Largest Homebuilders And A...
"By early 2009, Lennar Corporation was one of the nation's largest homebuilders and a provider of
financial services" (Rankine, G., 2009, pg. 13–2). The Lennar Corporation was successful in many
areas of the homebuilding operations including; purchasing, development and financial services
operating in 14 states throughout the U.S. The company developed a centralized corporate level
management team that was highly experienced in the homebuilding industry. This management
team was responsible and handled all important decisions the company made. The Lennar Company
continued to grow and flourish and subcontractors were hired "for site improvements and virtually
all of the work involved in the construction of homes" (Rankine, G., 2009, pg. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
These entities helped the company to reduce a share risk by limiting disposable expenses, allowing
the company to "participate in a strategic ventured" (Rankine, G., 2009, pg. 13–6). Joint ventures
allowed the company to enter into markets that without a strategic partner would not have been
accessible. Joint ventures also expanded the financial situation for the Lennar Company "to combine
its homebuilding expertise with access to it partners' capital" (Rankine, G., 2009, 13–6). Joint
ventures are accompanied by sharing arrangements "that enable parties to collaborate for mutual
gain that would not otherwise be available from working align" (Rankine, G., 2009, pg. 13–7. This
allowed the Lennar Company to venture and expand business in develop and financial areas that
may have not been accessible. During the 2008 recession in the U.S. the residential homebuilding
industry competition became fierce. The Lennar Company participated in this industry along with
combining efforts of other homebuilders for desirable properties to dominate the market. The
Lennar Company soon found itself in the midst of the deep global recession that included a major
credit crisis, housing collapse and mortgage defaults resulting from the unemployment rate in the
U.S. Not only was the Lennar Company affected by the circumstances, but as the same time the
company faced criticism from the Fraud Discover Institute (FDI). Barry Minkow was

The Internship Final Report : Bareminerals
bareMinerals Internship Final Report bareMinerals by bareEscentuals is a prestigious cosmetic
company which creates and sells makeup items that are made from pure, natural, earth ingredients.
The company is a corporate based business. A variety of networks and platforms are available to the
company for sales. The heritage of the company starts with QVC, the television shopping channel,
which is where the bareMinerals foundation gained exposure and popularity. This platform is one of
the most popular for the company. Another popular platform is the online store as well as cosmetic
retail stores such as Sephora and Ulta. These stores are important to the business as these stores
reach more consumers. The company strives to create a connection with all clients and uses the
cosmetics to enhance their natural beauty, which is called a make–under. The boutiques and outlets
offer services for customers such as consultations, a complimentary make–under and events. A free
rewards card, called F.A.B. (Friends And Benefits) is available to clients when they make a
purchase. This rewards program retains purchase information from each transaction linked to the
card, offers the member a complimentary birthday gift each year and shoppers receive multiple
discounts throughout the year. F.A.B. members often receive calls from the nearest boutique inviting
them in for a birthday make–under, sale or boutique event and also when new products launch. I
have pleasure of working in a

Do you agree with Milton Friedman’s (1970) claim that : «...
Do you agree with Milton Friedman's (1970) claim that : « the only responsibility of business is to
increase its profits » ?
Milton Friedman was an American economist, statistician and writer, who had a massive impact on
the research agenda of the economics profession. His famous words "the only responsibility of
business is to increase its profits" (Friedman, Milton. 1970) led to many controversial debates on
whether businesses should have ethics or if profit should be their main goal. Corporate social
responsibility has many definitions, as its interpretation is quite loose, so I have chosen one that
relates the most to this essay, given by the World Business Council for Sustainable Development, in
2000: "Corporate social ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Since, if anyone should have the power to impose taxes and make expenditures to promote social
objectives, it shouldn't be corporations but the government, as they have the resources and
knowledge to make these kinds of decisions that could potentially have an impact on all our lives.
Friedman argues, "Business professionals have neither the power nor possibly even the knowledge
necessary to address larger societal problems, even if they wanted to" (Friedman, Milton. 1970). An
example he refers to is the fact that business professionals are not in a position to fight inflation,
where factors, such as money supply and aggregate demand need to be considered. Overall it is
investing governmental power in a person who has no general mandate to govern and why should
we allow unelected companies to determine our social values and to take over the role of elected
government.
Thirdly, the process is undemocratic, as there are no checks and balances to monitor these
corporations and the major decisions that they are making, that are going to impact our society, also
the decision process is very much kept behind 'closed doors', unlike how the government operates.
This leaves more opportunity for corruption and illegal behavior. Even though there are
organizations, such as the World trade Organization and the Office of Fair Trading, loopholes
always seem to be found. For example, a recent report by

The Risk Management Procedures And Kappa Gamma Fraternity...
THE RISK MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES AND KAPPA KAPPA GAMMA FRATERNITY
BYLAWS, STANDING RULES, AND POLICIES MUST ALWAYS BE FOLLOWED SO THAT
THE INSURANCE PROGRAM OF KAPPA KAPPA GAMMA IS NOT JEOPARDIZED,
EXPOSING THE FRATERNITY OR INDIVIDUALS TO CIVIL LIABILITY.
Chapter events must be planned with respect for the academic responsibilities of each member and
must follow Risk Management Procedures. All planning must be in accordance with current
Fraternity Bylaws, Standing Rules and Policies and local, state/provincial, and federal laws.
The following chapter events require an Event Planning Form:
1. Any event involving alcohol.
2. Any event away from the chapter facility involving chapter members and/or new members (e.g., a
new member retreat) or any event where there is a potential risk involved.
Fraternity Policies state, "Chapters may co–sponsor events in men's facilities such as dorms, lodges,
or houses, if and only if, those facilities are alcohol–free. A request for an exception shall be
directed to the Risk Management Director." Chapters failing to follow this policy will be subject to
disciplinary action.
CO–SPONSORS
1. All co–sponsors must be in good standing, recognized by the university and their national
organization, and have insurance.
2. All co–sponsors understand and are willing to follow state laws and Kappa Kappa Gamma
Fraternity Policies and Risk Management Procedures.
3. All co–sponsors must co–sign the Event Planning Form and the Kappa Kappa Gamma

Case Study Of Dannon
The parent company Danone, as part of its social activity teaches and educates Corporate Social
Responsibility initiative across its subsidiary. Internal and external communication program help
blend corporate global culture and shapes the best practices in the U.S where Dannon operates.
Dannon views U.S market as a growth oriented with per person consumption, which is much less
than other part of Europe. Dannon executives identified this opportunity as a high growth area and
used its Corporate Social Responsibility programs in its communication with customers. According
to Arevalo, & Fallon (2008), corporate citizenship initiative is to embrace, support, and carryout
values in the areas of human development and environment within the business ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The communication design needs to consider a combination of corporate and local brand in terms of
nutrition, environment and health benefits. It starts with a commitment from the leaders who
manage customers within Dannon and its parent company, the need for product marketing and
supporting society through various responsible activities. The design should be in, such as way all
levels of employee in Dannon need to understand the Corporate Social Responsibility
communication messages that will increase consumer confidence in its

Business Ethics And Corporate Social Responsibility
Nowadays, a business wants to exist and grow in a society, which business ethics and corporate
social responsibility are sensitive and crucial objectives, the business should do what is right. Many
people agree that business does not exist beyond society, it is a citizenship in the society. Therefore,
business has to have many certain obligations and social responsibility. It generally means business
have to do something good for the community, making social contribution, and using effectively
resources in a way that next generations can continue to use them. Especially, business managers
should pay attention not only their companies' financial aspects, but also their social and
environmental contributions. In the past, TideeKleen used to be a famous company in its fields, with
strong reputation for social and environment responsibility. Unfortunately, the company hit
temporarily financial and reputational issues. Standing among three tough choices, the company
should make decision which satisfies all parties related, helping the company overcome the issue,
and bringing the most benefits for the company about financial and reputational aspects. Firstly,
what do utilitarian comment about three options? Let's consider option A, TK could benefit from
avoiding legally its responsibility and expenses, increasing in stock price. Furthermore, its stock
owners would pass over financially issues. However, the option A harms its creditors, older worker,
contaminated site, and the

Who Was Hitler Responsible For The Nazi Party?
But who is Hitler? He was a German politician and the Nazi Party leader. Also, he was the most
powerful dictator of the 20th century. Since, Hitler was the person responsible for the death of
around 6 million Jews in concentration camps. It caused my investigation about his hate against
Jews and actions he took against them.
As a dictator, Hitler wanted to do something against the Jews. He believed they were the responsible
for Germany losing World War 1. Also, he thought Jews were responsible for the monarchy
collapse, ruination and Great Depression in Germany. This reasons cause the Nazi Party to create
the "final solution" in which they establish ghettos and then concentration camps. Ghettos were a
part of a city made to segregate Jews from the rest of the people. In the Concentration Camps Jews
were maintain in harsh conditions and in which around 8 million people died ( gas chamber , or
because of the bad conditions). The Final solution goal was to wipe out the Jews from Europe.
Meaning to eliminate the Judaism from Europe.
Hitler religious faith was Christian, meaning he believed in Jesus and his teachings. In the Judaism
religion is the belief of Abraham who is model as a god. Both religions have his differences in
beliefs and points of view, and Jews going against what Hitler believed, may have being the reason
why he hated them. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Maria Anna ( Hitler's grandmother) worked at the Jewish house but the young son got her pregnant.
In 1930 Governor General of Poland was hired by Hitler to investigate if Alois Schicklgruber was
the son of the Jewish family. After some investigation he found letters written to Maria from the
Jewish family. Also he found that for 14 years she received regular payments for her son's support.
After this Hitler remained unconvinced that his grandpa was a Jew. He decided to believe what he
had heard, and that his grandfather was Georg

Personal Narrative: My First Day In High School
The day started ordinary except with a, "Kelly"! My mom was not happy. I forgot to do my
homework, and I had to walk to school, oh no! I have 5 minutes to get ready! Ugh today is a
Thursday, the only day of the week that taunts me, I mean it's the day before Friday and I just have
to wait, Thursdays are manipulative. The day got worse I was late to school and my math teacher
Mr. Bunt yelled at me and gave me detention. And the school lunch was meatloaf surprise YUCK!
"You'll eat what you get," the lunch lady screamed. Nothing good happened until gym, my favorite
subject, I looked down at my feet and realized I was wearing slippers(because I had five minutes to
get ready)! Why do I always have to sit out in gym?
Just when I thought my life couldn't get worse my heart was like a race car, we had a huge reading
test I didn't study for! "BEEP BEEP BEEP," the test was over and I still had the open response to do.
My life was a Nightmare, detention an F on my homework(because I didn't do it), and Meatloaf
surprise. The last class of the day was science, where I found Rowan(my best friend who could
always cheer me up), apparently she forgot about our project too! I guess two F's in one day is a
record for me. Why can't the weekends be school and the weekdays be weekends? My life is awful,
I have 6 pages of homework(that I forgot last night), and Rowan and I have to finish our project
tonight.
"Hey Nora I was wondering if I could come over to work on our project that's due

Beatty Samuelson Essay
7. Bluffing can be ethical, depending on the circumstances and how it is employed. In fact, Beatty
Samuelson, in Essentials of Business Law, points out the "Kantian evasion or plater", which serves
as the basis for deceiving someone in an ethical way. She describes it as "a truthful statement that is
nonetheless misleading" (36). For instance, Kant's example of a murderer coming to our door –
asking for someone who is in our own home and who he wants to kill – illustrates an instance when
answering questions fully could lead to terrible consequences (36). In that case, Samuelson argues,
telling the truth and pointing the killer to the victim would be very costly, so it is better to employ
Kant's evasion principle and reply with a truthful, but misleading statement. Immanuel Kant,
according to Samuelson, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although gender discrimination currently receives intermediate Fourteenth Amendment Scrutiny,
they should receive strict scrutiny. As Samuelson points out, like in the case of race, "A government
action interfering with a fundamental right receives strict scrutiny and will likely be declared void"
(127). Gender discrimination, just like race discrimination, should also be considered an
interference with a fundamental right and, therefore, receive strict scrutiny. The repercussions of the
severe problem of gender discrimination in American society can be seen in the gender pay gap in
our country. In fact, according to the Institute for Women's Policy Research, "In 2014, female full–
time workers made only 79 cents for every dollar earned by men, a gender wage gap of 21 percent.
Women, on average, earn less than men in virtually every single occupation for which there is
sufficient earnings data for both men and women to calculate an earnings ratio." The fact that
women are discriminated on the basis of gender in the workplace and paid less than men is
sufficient to argue that gender discrimination should be treated with the same scrutiny as race

Case Analysis : Lengau Holdings Ltd Essay
Introduction
Lengau Holdings Ltd (hereafter "Lengau") is a mining entity that recognizes that conventional
approaches to mineral development that are associated with adverse environmental impacts, social
and cultural disruption, and local economic instability are something which should be left in the
past. As such the company seeks to create a platform whereby sustainable development is the
criteria by which it's planning, development and implementation is measured.
The company notes that the social challenges which it faces at the Phala #2 mining area (particularly
the surrounding areas) deserve paramount attention so as to ensure that operations can take place in
an environment which promotes growth and inclusion. This document seeks to determine whether
interaction between the mining operation and different stakeholder groups in the area is necessary to
mitigate risk and encourage social prosperity.
The topics that will be looked at in this document include: Responsible corporate citizenship and
social license to operate; Stakeholder engagement; and benefit sharing.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Social Licence to Operate
To gain an understanding of why community engagement and benefit sharing is necessary in a given
context first one must look at the underlying values that drive such initiatives. To this end attention
must be given to the concepts of Corporate Social Responsibility and Social Licence to Operate
(Hereafter "SLO").
The governance of industries

Corporations ' Measured Success By Financial Means Essay
Corporations' measured success by financial means only undermines the global impact companies
can have on society. With the evolution of business into a global market, society requires
corporations to emphasize social welfare beyond simple philanthropic contributions. A new
initiative called Corporate Social Responsibility blends philanthropy, social initiatives, corporate
responsibility, and corporate policy for the overall benefits to various facets of society, including but
not limited to investors, employees, and local communities. The traditional interaction between
corporations and the communities they serve is simply a business allocating funds to a local charity
or non–profit organization. Some corporations choose to make long–term commitments to one
cause, for example, McDonald's Ronald McDonald Houses for families whose critically ill children
need care away from home (Nickels, et al.103–104). Although a vast amount of funding can make a
considerable difference in research for a cure from a terminal illness and provide the necessary
treatment for a patient with a debilitating disease the greater contribution to society is a miss without
social initiatives. Money is an inanimate object that although can be used for goods, and services
lacks the personal touch to humanity. Professors Lindgreen and Swaen concluded, "As a result, CSR
has moved from ideology to reality, and many consider it necessary for organizations to define their
roles in society and apply social

Do Employees Care About Corporate Responsibility?
Title
Do employees care about corporate responsibility? Reviewing the impact of an organization's
perceived corporate responsibility on employee engagement.
Abstract
Employees are key to creating sustainable competitive advantage. Consistently, research has shown
that employees who are engaged significantly outperform employees who are not engaged on
several different key performance metrics. As global replication of technology and processes
becomes easier and easier, the differentiation of service becomes critical for a organization in order
to shine in an increasingly competitive market.
Implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs have proven benefits to
organizations and research shows that implementation of programming may be a key drivers of
employee engagement. Implementing programs that drive engagement and also benefit other
stakeholders may be the key differentiator for long–term success.
Introduction
The ability to attract, engage, develop and retain talent has been identified as increasingly more
important to organizations (Lockwood, 2007). Employee engagement is shaped by many internal
and external variables. Basic needs such as fair pay and safe working conditions were primary
considerations in the late 1800s. Early theorists focused primarily on the individual and theories and
research centered on individual motivation and outcomes. Significant work was spent on reshaping
tasks to improve productivity and output. As safe working

Notes On Forex Trading Strategies News Web Site Agreement
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Business Enterprise And Its Internal Environment
INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT ANALYSIS Know a leading Business Enterprise and its Internal
Environment Executive Summary This assignment looks at Capital One at its Internal Environment
level. This level mainly concentrates on the companies value system, practices and policies. Capital
One's value system is extremely integral to the running of the business, as these values guide the
company on every aspect of decision–making. The company has well defined laid down guidelines,
policies and practices that ensure that all stakeholders (employees, management, Board of Directors
and even third party providers) follow the values in every action. The company has been able to
generate a strong brand association with its values and they have in turn ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Along with maintaining a holistic and nurturing culture in the organization it is one of the top
performers in the credit and debit industry. It has shown positive growth in its financials and
maintained stability in the stock market. Though the company has not outperformed its industry
trend, it has outperformed the markets. The company is able to well only because it has a very
capable management at the helm. Under the leadership of its founding member, Richard D.
Fairbanks, the company has created a culture which is a strong reflection of the founder's own style.
The key executives and members of the board are people from the industry who have come from
high positions in credible firms and with a vast gamut of relevant experience. This not only indicates
that the company is in good hands but also adds credibility to the company as a whole. Quick
Overview Type Public Industry Financial services Traded as NYSE: COP S&P 500 Component
Founder Richard Fairbank Nigel Morris Headquarters Tysons Corner, Virginia, United States
Products offered Retail banking Credit card services Loans Savings accounts Divisions Auto finance
CapitalOne 360 National direct bank Level money Revenue Net Income US $ 24.176 billion US
$4.156 billion Numbers of employees 41,100 Website www.capitalone.com Capital One is one of
United States top 10 largest banks based on

Quinceaner Culture, Culture And Traditions In American...
Coming of age birthdays exist throughout many cultures and have evolved in different ways
depending on the region or religion they came from. Besides the traditional American "sweet 16",
there are other very popular traditions that are diversified by culture, religion, and by the day it takes
place. Americans celebrate many of these different cultural birthdays because anyone who lives in
the US has the right to practice any religion they see fit. Most birthdays have very similar features
such as giving gifts to the man and, or woman of honor. There are also many differences in these
traditions, some of which are considerably more family–based than others, such as the
"Quinceanera".
A Quinceanera is a Catholic, Hispanic, celebration for when a Hispanic girl turns 15. The 15–year–
old receives a special birthday that represents them transforming from a girl into a woman. This
tradition was brought to Mexico by Spanish conquerors and has remained a tradition of South
America and Mexico ever since. It is only practiced in Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central, South, and
North American cultures. It is a very formal event; so formal in fact that most of the celebration is
treated like a wedding. It is so wedding like that most Quinceanera parties gets three–layered
wedding cakes for this non–wedding tradition. The celebration always has pink and white being the
main colors of it. as both the–the dress the woman of the day is supposed to wear and the party
props, cake, and tables all

The Pillars Of Good Corporate Governance Framework
Horsch also says that 'a spirit of cooperation and trust must be established between agencies, the
state and local actors, if accountability systems are to be successful. In return for measurable results,
agencies with traditional oversight responsibilities will need to delegate authority and provide the
resources and technical assistance necessary for others to implement meaningful stakeholder
governance programmes'. Therein lies huge dependencies on certain stakeholders having such
capacities.
All that said, overall, including stakeholder governance as one of the pillars of good corporate
governance framework can result in a more comprehensive understanding of corporate risk and
opportunity, drive learning, innovation and performance while contributing to a strong reputation
and prosperity over time. In fact, it is said that stakeholder governance has the potential to turn
'distrustful opponents into critical friends '.
Critical Friends
Risk and Reputation Management
Lombardo says that 'in the past the challenge for organisations was to support process and design
improvements and to increase their profits, the challenge of the future is to improve relationships in
order to reduce and manage the most important risks'. Building this social capital by engaging with
stakeholders means organisations can reduce financial, reputational and political risks.
Understanding the concerns and interests of employees, customers, NGOs, politicians and business
partners, for

Fshore Oil Drilling Job
Employees communicate with each other for effectively carrying out corporate responsibilities. As
Robbins and Judge (2014) explains employee shares and conveys ideas and information through
communication using four of its major functions such as "control, motivation, emotional expression
and information" (p. 299). The offshore oil–drilling job is complex and needs engineering expertise.
BP had undertaken deep–water oil drilling at the Macondo well using the Transocean offshore oil
rig. It is expected that BP and its partner, Halliburton, Transocean needed detailed collaborative
communication plan across between all the parties. Let us examine some of the critical
communication before the disaster. BP engineer communicating that, the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
36). Halliburton also presented to BP that seven centralizer is very likely to create "severe gas flow
problem" (p. 36). Subsequent days there was a pressure test conducted by oil rig owners and tool
pusher Wyman Wheeler, who did not believe explanations received. Another negative test
performed and during the new negative test, the pressure came down on a different pipe and not for
the drill pipe and the crew moved on with the rest of the process. According to BP, tool pusher Jason
Anderson justifies the anomalous reading as the "bladder effect and had been seen this before" (p.6).
The negative test expectation is not necessarily the same since there is no pressure from the drill
pipe. The drilling crew prepared for the cement plug top of the oil well by reopening the blowout
preventer and "pumping seawater down the drill pipe to displace the mud and spacer from the riser"
according to the United States (2011), Deep water, (p.7) and the crew began discharging the spacer.
At 9.20 pm on the fatal day before the explosion, Anderson responded to another colleague, the
negative test "went well". Just after Anderson is discussing with BP representatives who praised the
job, the explosion started with throwing mud. There will be check and balances on all levels for any
well–designed process, but it is clear the communication did not happen at all levels. At the initial
explosion, there was chaos, and no one knows the accurate count and evaluates

Conflict Is An Inevitable Element Of Life We All Go Through
Conflict is an inevitable element of life; we all go through conflict in every ramification of our life:
in relationships, family of origin and even workplaces. What is conflict? Interpersonal conflict can
be defined as an "expressed struggle between two or more interdependent parties who perceive
incompatible goals, scarce resources, and interference from others in achieving their goals" (Wilmot
an, 2011, pg.11). It is important to note that conflict is not always bad and it can range from a mild
disagreement to outright war between two parties. In this paper, I will analyze my conflict situation
using some conflict resolution concepts and also substantiate insights on how my conflict could
have been better handled.
I am also not ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the meeting the next Monday, one item at the agenda was to give constructive feedback about the
event and all we got from Priscila was outright negative feedbacks ranging from the setup to the
duties assigned. After that meeting she started giving an attitude to all the executives and also giving
excuses for not coming to the council's weekly meetings. After many weeks of negative attitudes
and excuses, she resigned from her executive position and sent an email to the co–chairs to affect
that change.
The issue within this conflict is based on the question of who should welcome the audience to the
event. I wanted to welcome the audience to the event because I had been assigned that duty as
agreed upon in the previous meeting while Priscila wanted to do the welcome or introductions
because it fit into her duty as moderator. Interpersonal conflict arises either because people want
different things or they want the same things. With regards to my conflict with Priscila, we both
wanted to assume the position of welcoming people to the event. Priscila and I belong to the same
student advisory council where we volunteer our time as council executives. In this conflict, Priscila
wanted her opinions to be respected while I wanted the notions addressed within the minutes to be
adhered to without stepping on another person's toe. Within this conflict, I wanted to save face and
be seen as responsible, efficient and competent as a leader who

The Essential Father By Louise Silverstein And Carl Auerbach
Hang up the baseball glove and put away the bedtime stories. No need to take that long walk with
your daughter or have that long talk with your son. Keep the advice and hugs to yourself, and don 't
worry about coming home. If you 're a father, you 're no longer wanted or needed in 21st–century
America.
This news may come as a shock with another Father 's Day upon us, but it 's just some of what
Louise Silverstein and Carl Auerbach concluded in a jaw–dropping study on fathers and fatherhood
aptly titled "Deconstructing the Essential Father." Published in American Psychologist, a journal of
the American Psychological Association, the study 's radical conclusions further undermine what
was once beyond debate – the idea that fathers play a crucial role in the health of families and
children. Still sending shockwaves through public–policy circles more than a year after its initial
publication, the study is just one of countless indicators that "Dad" is an endangered species.
Dangerous Dads? Chipping away at some of our most basic conceptions of parenting, the APA study
declares that fathers are not essential to child well–being; the institution of marriage does not serve
the broader interests of society; divorce is not necessarily harmful to children; fathers contribute
nothing special to child development; and the traditional family unit – headed by a mother and
father – is not any better at protecting children than anything else. In other

Corporate Social Responsibility And Access Of Finance
The article "Corporate Social Responsibility and Access to Finance" was written by Cheng et al.
(2014) in order to show that firms that have better CSR performance are less capital constrained.
The aim of the essay is to argue that the analysis of the relationship between CSR policies and the
access to finance is a well done research with interesting arguments and analysis; however, it has
several limitations, which will be examined. The aim will be achieved through a critical analysis of
the paper. It will be done in four stages: first, the key arguments of the article, second, the strong
points of the article, third, the limitations of the research, and final stage, the specifications of the
outcome. In this paper Cheng et al. (2014) argued that the implementation of successful CSR
policies leads to lower idiosyncratic risk due to improved stakeholder engagement, which reduce
agency costs of an organisation, and increased transparency, which results a company becoming less
capitally constrained and enhances a firm's access to finance in capital markets. In order to achieve
their aim the authors use cross sectional analysis of firms around the world and apply different
variables and methods. They concluded that there is a link between good CSR activities and access
to finance; however, social and environmental components of CSR are more significant for
investors than the factor of governance since the former ones have higher impact on capital
constraints. It can be

Corporate Social Responsibility Essay
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN CONTEXT TO INDIA
Introduction: the terminology of social responsibility
What constitutes the "social responsibility" (SR) of enterprises and other organizations is difficult to
define. The ISO Strategic Advisory Group on Social
Responsibility (SAG) recognizes that there is no single authoritative definition of the term
"corporate/organizational social responsibility," and does not seek to provide one. However, it notes
that most definitions emphasize the interrelationship between economic, environmental and social
aspects and impacts of an organization's activities, and that SR "is taken to mean a balanced
approach for
1
organizations to address economic, social and environmental ... Show more content on
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In South
Africa, corporate social investment is criticized for its "add–on" nature, with little relation to
companies' core business. This was especially problematic during apartheid, when philanthropic
activities co–existed with obvious human rights violations. But in India, there is a strong view that
SR activities can include not only a direct responsibility for core activities and impacts (e.g., use of
natural resources, pollution, social impacts of products), but also an engagement in social and/or
community issues, including philanthropic activities. The latter is viewed as a means to improve the
acceptability and image of the organization, and to make employees better managers by exposing
them to the realities of society. In general, there is a need to allow space within the SR agenda for
such noncore business activities as well as a more strategic approach. Otherwise, there is a danger
that these activities are devalued and discouraged, despite the significant social and environmental
benefits that they can bring.
SR as voluntary or regulatory
It is often assumed that SR relates to voluntary commitments that go beyond compliance with legal
obligations, adopted in response to a variety of market–based drivers. Voluntary and regulatory
approaches have too often been treated as exclusive to each other,

Sustainability Report of BP
What responsibility did the executives of BP have in making more socially responsible and safety
conscious decisions at the expense of not meeting the consumer demand of cheap gas and thus
lowering the returns for shareholders and their own compensation?
Executives in many prominent companies must constantly be aware of consumer sentiments in
regards to business practices. As such, executives have a very compelling social obligation for
safety and compliance. This is particularly important in industries that can cause systemic damage to
both the society and the environment. Oil companies are no different in this regard. A drilling
mistake can have catastrophic consequences for all stakeholders involved, as evidenced by the case.
Ultimately, executives should put ethical and social considerations first as it will directly influence
profits. By doing what is best for the customer, the business will eventually profit. Many of the
socially responsible initiatives started by company's are really an effort to increase sales. It is proven
that promotions that focus of socially responsible initiatives sell more than regular price promotions.
Executives should therefore be aware of cause marketing and its implications on the bottom line.
Recent research has indicated that consumers are extremely value conscious and are eager to
patronize businesses that share their own values and ethics (Menon, 2012). In short, consumers are
swayed by causes that they care about. They appreciate the

Discuss the Causes of the Sub-Prime Crisis and the Parties...
Discuss the causes of the sub–prime crisis and the parties responsible for such a crisis.
Sherman Oh E S
Principles of banking & finance (PBF)
Mr Marvin Ang
26th January 2013
According to www.investopedia.com, the world "subprime" defines to "A classification of
borrowers with a tarnished or limited credit history" and that is what led to the titanic crisis of
2008–2009. This essay will explore the events, which eventually led to many mortgage
delinquencies and foreclosure of these sub prime borrower's homes, causing the insurance company
AIG and many other banks to foreclose thus forcing bail out money from the American government
to prevent the next great depression.
In the past, traditional mortgage loans that could be acquired ... Show more content on
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A rating agency was required find out the creditworthiness of an investment. This can apply to any
company, bank, government or an investment. There were namely 3 famous rating agencies
involved in the crisis namely, Standard & Poor's (S&P), Moody's, and Fitch Group. To
give an example of a rating would be like the big internet search company "Google" would be given
a rating like AA+ i.e. a high grade. Many of these CDOs however were given good ratings such as
AAA+ the highest rating possible given by any rating agency. These CDOs did not deserve the
rating as the CDOs were made of mortgages of lenders who were unable to pay their mortgage. The
reason for such a high rating was simple. In the past, rating agencies were paid by the buyer to rate
the assets they were going to invest in. In 1970s however, the systems changed and now it was the
seller that was paying the agency for the ratings, on a per–rating basis. This gave incentives for
rating agencies to rate more and be more generous in their rating. A conflict of interest rose and
rating agencies were now earning large amount of profit for these CDOs. They were more then
happy to rate them. Moody's earned nearly US$1 billion a year from rating in 2005 and 2006. With
an average of $300k per rating why wouldn't they want to rate more? Aside from that, they had to
give a good rating due to

Disadvantages Of A Limousine Service
In past, when the limousine considered very luxurious ride and only for royal families but today,
that feeling of luxurious and comfort still is available. The variation is that more individuals are
using limos. The Toronto Airport Limousine service is becoming less expensive and accessible.
Nowadays, there are many occasions when everyone may want to hire the limousine service.
1. Wedding ceremonies
Riding in the cab can be fun for your brides as well as bridesmaids whilst going with each other to
shop for bridal wear. As for grooms and their buddies, a chauffeured vehicle has become the safest
way to travel throughout and after the night at a bachelor's party. Lastly, the big day arrives. The
actual limousine will certainly complete the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They would like to travel round the town and find out what is happening. These people enjoy
dressing up and creating a special event from it. When these types of evenings away happen, there is
certainly an end at an eating place, and perhaps a number of bars. The friends might request the
driver to take them to a dancing club or perhaps a coffee shop. On the night like this, anything can
occur. An experienced chauffeur takes everything in stride and satisfies every requirement.
4. Party Night
The chauffeur may make most of the same types of date night because on a friend's night out. The
actual mood changes, though. A skilled chauffeur will guess how to relax and let the love happen.
Finding a limousine for any date night shows the person that she is appreciated and respected.
5. Graduations
Graduating days usually consist of units of ceremony, family and some partying. The actual
graduates desire some way to obtain from their houses to the precise location of the event. After
that, they have to flow among all the actual parties and the family at home. The taxi can provide an
additional touch to accomplish the ceremony of passing. The unique treatment causes the graduates
feel that they have gained the right to become treated such as adults. These people see it like a
reward with regard to completing numerous

Corruption in China
11.08.200
11.08.200
11.08.200
Universidad Mayor Santiago de Chile
Facultad Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales
International Marketing
Manfred Bräuchle Q.
Case 2– 5 Coping with Corruption in Trading with China
Rafael Fuentes Candia (Chile)
Michael David Franz–Josef Kampmeyer (Germany)
Johannes Knapp (Germany)
Case 2 – 5 Coping with Corruption in Trading with Chin
Tuesday, August 12, 2008 page 2
Rafael Fuentes Candia
Michael Franz Josef Kampmeyer
Johannes Knapp
I. List all different types of bribes, payments, or favors represented in this case and say why each is
either legal or illegal
Payments are made and favors are given to establish goodwill or guanxi. Guanxi is an important
part of the Chinese culture. In the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With reference to the above mentioned description of the act, the sponsoring of overseas education
for children of trading officials constitutes an illegal act under the FCPA due to the fact that this
support is a payment of value for those political officials. Moreover, briberies to officials as well as
gifts or kickbacks are prohibited.
Further the offering of foreign junkets and the purchasing of inspection certificates on the black
market are prohibited because of the corrupt intent to obtain or retain business with such
instruments. Those engaging in the black market are generally illegally. Finally, we have to stress
that the above mentioned FCPA is an
American act whereby every element has to be fulfilled. The FCPA is only applied if an American
institution or company is involved.
IV. Assuming that the FCPA did not exist, what is the ethical response to each of the payments,
favors, or bribes you have identified? Read the section titled "Ethically and Socially Responsible
Decisions" in
Chapter 5 as a guide to assist you in your decision.
One of the major problems facing international business is based on the different definition of the

Citizen Leader: Better Giving, Better Business: A Case Study
–A THESIS SUBMISSION OF–
Corporation as Citizen Leader – Better Giving, Better Business
How Multinational Corporations Can Better Impact Social Causes, Mitigate Community
Emergencies and How the Right Response to Each Adds Multi–Bottom Line Value in Finance,
Culture and Brand
Presented to Dr. Seung Kim, Director
Boeing Institute of International Business
John Cook School of Business
Saint Louis University
In Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Executive Master of International Business Program
by
Chris Martinez
8 Filly Ct. Florissant MO. 63033
April 15, 2015
This paper contains information that may be highly sensitive. It is provided solely for the purpose
stated above and should not be disclosed to persons outside of the faculty and administration of the
Executive Master of International Business Program without express written consent from the
author.
Abstract Multi–National Corporations wield power. They possess resources and expertise that do
not always exist in the social sector. Corporate Social Responsibility is now widely accepted as the
norm by many in the public. Many corporations sink significant costs into their Corporate
Foundations, presumably in an effort to make a positive societal impact that falls in line with their
business foci. CEO's claim they want nonprofits to build human capacity and execute on proven
strategies. Yet, the vast majority of Foundations provide little in the way of resources for either
strategy or capacity of any

Persuasive Essay On Social Media
teenage girl decided it would be acceptable to send a provocative photo of her to a guy that she had
a crush on in school. Since Snapchat photos merely last a few seconds, she would send it to him on
there. Only he will see it, she thought as she clicked the send button. Minutes later, she received a
notification stating that he had taken a screenshot of her photo. The guy convinced the girl that the
photo would only be viewed by him. The following day at school, the girl began to be harassed, and
it seemed like everyone knew something that she did not. A teacher pulled her aside and advised the
girl that she had seen a provocative photo of her on a number of students' cell phones. That photo
she thought would be safe was now set out in the open for everyone to see. Social media will never
completely ensure one's privacy. Once a photo is made public to the internet, it is out there
somewhere forever. Snapchat, the social media app, provides a false sense of security and privacy
for its users. Temporary photography is utilized via this application to communicate with others.
When a photo is sent on Snapchat, the user has the control of the amount of time that the receiver
can view the photo, one to ten seconds. Then, the photo disappears on the smart device, but the
other person is able to screenshot that photo and do what they wish with it. After a photo is sent out
to another person, the sender has no control of what is done with the photo. Snapchat is a hazardous
social

The Concept Of Corporate Social Responsibility Essay
Abstract–
Starting from the times of trade system to today's modern time of plastic money, undeniably
"profitability" has always been the attraction and an idea behind all this growth; but as every coin
has two sides; growing massive competition and business competitions started taking heavy
compensation on the quality, transparency, environment, business and society. The corporates
started understanding that they would have to rise over and above the profitability and take care of
all those related with their survival in the society directly or indirectly. This understanding is the
result of the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). This report is to understand of key
concepts, principles of CSR, business ethics, corporate governance, and social responsible investing
by the two case study of the TATA Group under Mr. Ratan Tata and Malcom Rands with their
ethical behavior with the concept of CSR.
1. Introduction
The concept of CSR was initiated in the 1950's in USA but it became established in early 1970's.
That time USA was facings social problems like Poverty, pollution and unemployment, also the
huge fall in prices of Dollar. During 1980's to 2000, corporations recognised and started accepting a
responsibility towards society. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is to focuses on the wealth
creation for the optimal benefit of all stakeholders – including employees, shareholders,
environment, customers, environment and society. CSR refers to the

Why Do Chief Executive Officers?
Why do Chief Executive Officers (CEO) worry so much about a stakeholder, whom they are not
directly responsible for at all? Businesses are trying to please everyone, though they are already
responsible to employees, Board of Directors, and company shareholders. CEOs are trying to
appease interest groups and other outside stakeholders when considering the company's business
deals. Some organizations have been successful with corporate social responsibility (CSR), while
others have failed. To what degree should the federal government be involved with CSR?
Companies create jobs; keep unemployment rates low, and invest in their communities purchasing
from local vendors, however, stakeholders and local governments do not feel these acts are not
enough to meet their social responsibility. By mandating companies invest in corporate social
responsibility causes conflict between shareholders and stakeholders. Companies must be
accountable when their actions adversely affect society. While shareholders provide investment
funding to corporations, according to Robert C. Hinkley (2002) corporations cannot make profit at
the expense of human rights, the environment, public safety, or employee dignity. By creating a
balance between investor responsibility and social responsibility will prove profitable for the
corporations and stakeholders. When we break down CSR word by word, it becomes evident that
CSR is a joint commitment and the responsibility does not solely lies with the

The Analysis Of The Deepwater Horizon Study Group
BP leadership along with partners did not have proper governance and process to evaluate the risk
that they are willing to take. The employee at every level does not know how much risk to take nor
did any corporate policy exist to guide them. Having zero risk tolerance and zero safety defects in
these complex operations ensure there are no human losses. The analysis of the Deepwater Horizon
Study Group (2011) (p.11) shows that the leadership was concerned about how much money was
spent in excess and did not address previous violations or preventive steps. Instead of downplaying,
BP could have accessed the situation, analyzed, and communicated just before and after the
explosions from an organizational behavior perspective. Communication is an important tool and
basic needs of any organization to effectively discuss or write to their employees, clients, external
vendors, and the government to govern internal process and enhance its customer experiences.
Communication Employees communicate with each other for effectively carrying out corporate
responsibilities. As Robbins and Judge (2014) explains employee shares and conveys ideas and
information through communication using four of its major functions such as "control, motivation,
emotional expression and information" (p. 299). The offshore oil–drilling job is complex and needs
engineering expertise. BP had undertaken deep–water oil drilling at the Macondo well using the
Transocean offshore oil rig. It is expected that BP and

Ethical Issues Present In The Distilled Spirits Industry

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