Prepared by Dr Sushma Singh Social Internship Coordinator, Teacher volunteer, DOE Delhi, Ladli Foundation, Education, Workshop, SKV Sector 16

1. Malnutrition
Dr Sushma Singh
(Social Internship Coordinator
&
Teacher Volunteer)
(DOE GNCT DELHI)

2. Agenda
Introduction
Malnutrition in Adolescence
Types of Malnutrition
Symptoms of Malnutrition
Causes of Malnutrition
Risk Factors of Malnutrition
Diseases
Cures
Food Items
Summary

3. Introduction
According to The World Health Organisation (WHO), malnutrition refers
to deficiencies, excesses or imbalance in a person’s intake of energy and/or
other nutrients (than the amount required by the body), over a prolonged
period of time.
In other words, Malnutrition is the condition that develops when the body is
deprived of vitamins, minerals and other nutrients it needs to maintain healthy
tissues and organ function.
v
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4. Primary Goals
Malnutrition in Adolescences

5. Distribution of Nutritional Status
by Sex
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6. Types of Malnutrition
Normal Waasted Short Short and Wested
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7. Symptoms of Malnutrition
“Reduced appetite, lack of interest in food and drink, feeling
tired all the time, feeling weaker, getting ill often and taking a
long time to recover, wounds taking a long time to heal, poor
concentration, feeling cold most of the time.
”
7

8. Causes of Malnutrition
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REDUCED DIETARY INTAKE
Deficiency
REDUCED ABSORPTION MACRO-
AND MICRONUTRIENTS
Deficiency
INCREASED LOSSES OR
ALTERED REQUIREMENTS
Deficiency
INCREASED ENERGY
EXPENDITURE
Deficiency

9. Risk Factors of Malnutrition
MARASMUS
deficiency
OVER WEIGHT
Over Nutrition
KWASHIORKOR
Deficiency
VITAMIN K
deficiency
ANEMIA​
Deficiency
MUMPS
deficiency
OBESITY
Over Nutrition
VITAMIN B12
deficiency
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10. Diseases Caused
by
Malnutrition
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KWASHIORKOR
• Kwashiorkor is a protein deficiency
disease caused due to poor intake of
protein or quality protein over a
prolonged period of time. It causes
swelling in the body specially in the
hands, feet and the face. The hair and
skin show characteristic changes- hair
may be light coloured to reddish yellow
and fall off in patches and the skin show
patches and become flaky and peel off.
MARASMUS
• Marasmus is due to severe of protein and
calorie in the diet. It is not due to calorie
deficiency alone because marasmic
children subsequently develop
kwashiorkor. The common signs and
symptoms include loss of body weight
and failure in body gain , body fat
depletion , muscles are wasted. The
marasmic child is characterized with its
thin , lean, skinny appearance.

11. Cures for Malnutrition
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DIETARY
CHANGES
The best way to
prevent
malnutrition is to
eat a healthy and a
balanced diet.
MINERALS AND
VITAMINS
SUPPLEMENTS
contain a
combination of
vitamins and
minerals and
sometimes other
ingredients.
THERAPY FOR
DISEASES
Nutritional therapy
for obesity and
metabolic
syndrome aims to
increase muscle mass
and decrease body fat
ENHANCING
AWARENESS
The Nutrition
Awareness Index
2023. micronutrients.
program promotes
locally available food
resources
PROVIDING
EDUCATION
The program
is focused on
education of the
importance on
health

12. Food Items to be Taken During
Malnutrition
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FRUITS
• Eating foods such as fruits
that are lower in calories
instead of higher-calorie
food may be useful in
helping to lower calorie
intake. Fruits provide
nutrients vital for health
and maintenance of your
body, such as fiber,
vitamin C, potassium.
VEGETABLES
• vegetables are a good
source of vitamins and
minerals, including folate,
vitamin C and potassium.
They're an excellent
source of dietary fibre,
which can help to
maintain a healthy gut
and prevent constipation
MILLETS
▪ Millets are found to be
helpful with the reduction
of weight, BMI, and high
blood pressure. In India,
Millet is generally
consumed with legumes,
which creates mutual
supplementation of
protein, increases the
amino acid content.

13. Importance of Millets
to
Overcome Malnutrition
13
RAGI
(FINGER MILLET)
BAJRA
(PEARL MILLET)
JOWAR
(SORGHUM MILLET)
KUTTU
(BUCKWHEAT MILLET)
KAKUM
(FOXTAIL MILLET
Millets are a group of
cereal grains widely
grown around the
world for fodder and
human food.
Rich in antioxidants Immunity boosters Help to replenish
nutrients
Improves haemoglobin
level

14. Summary
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Malnutrition in Adolescence
Types of Malnutrition
Symptoms of Malnutrition
Causes of Malnutrition
Risk Factors of Malnutrition
Diseases
Cures
Food Items

15. Thank You
Director of Education (DOE)
Ladli Foundation
Principal
Ms. Alpana Kumari
All Beneficiaries