Basics of Robotics and Industrial Automation

1. ROBOTICS:
INDUSTRIAL AND HOME AUTOMATION
Presented by: Rajat Kumar
Arya
Company Name:
Mail: xx
Phone Number: xx

2. 01 What is a Robot
02 Typesof Robots
04 Partsof a typicalRobot
05 Robots in Industries
Agenda
06 Home Automation
03 Why Robots…?
07 Practical Session

3. What is a Robot ?
A robot is an autonomous machinecapable of sensing its environment,
carrying out computations to make decisions,
and performing actions in the real world.
Automatic Room Cleaner
Robots forPainting a Car
3DPrinter Curiosity: Mars Rover

4. Types
Aerospace/Drones
Humanoid
UnderWater
Self Driving Cars
DisasterResponse
Home
Industrial
Education

5. To perform Repetitive Tasks
Robot can performtasks that might be
dangerous
Why
Robots?
Robots do not need rest and canperform
24x7
To simplify the Tasks
Make fewer mistakes and aremore accurate

6. Robot
Components
What is a typical Robot made of ?
SENSOR CONTROLLER
BODY POWER SUPPLY ACTUATOR
Adevice that responds toa physical stimulus
(such as heat, light, sound, pressure, magnetism,
motion) andtransmits a resulting pulse.
Pulse is in form ofElectrical Voltage.
Controlleris the Brainofthe Robot.
Controlleranalyses data fromSensors andmakes
calculations totake the correct decision path.
e.g. CPUofa Personal Computer
.
Actuators convert Energy intoMovement.
Actuators areresponsible for physical motion of
a Robot.
Actuators areanalogous tomuscles in Humans
Toprovideenergy for allthe Partsof aRobot.
Stationary Robots: Direct Power(AC/DC)
MobileRobots: Batteries and/or SolarPanels
Contains all the Components ofthe Robot.
End Effectors: Specialized body partstoperform
specific tasks.
e.g. Painting andCleaning can be done viasame
robotby changing End Effectors

7. SENSORS
Light Sensors:
To detect light andcreate a Voltage Difference
• Light Dependent Resistors
• Photo Voltaic Cells
e.g. Automatic Street Lights
Sound Sensors:
Detects sound andreturns andVoltage
proportionalto the sound level.
e.g. Mic
Temperature Sensors:
To detect ambient temperature
e.g. Thermometer
Proximity &Distance Sensors:
Todetect presence of nearby Objects and
distance
• InfraredTransmitter
• Ultrasonic Sensor
• Laser Distance Sensor
Navigation/ Positioning Sensors:
To calculate the exact position ofthe Body
e.g. GPS in MobileMaps
Orientation:
Todetect the orientation of a body w.r.tGround
• Accelerometers andGyroscopes.
e.g. Airplane

8. CONTROLLERS
Microcontroller Board for ROBOTICS:
• ARDUINOUNO
• RaspberryPI
• Sparkfun
Sensor Reading
ControllerOutput toperform Action /
Task
PROGRAM / LINESOF CODES:
Programmingof a Car:
• Check ambient light conditions. If too dark, give signal toswitch on
Head Lights.
• Check Temperature Sensor reading. IfT >27. Switch on Air
Conditioning. IfT < 20 Switch on Heater.
• Check Fuel Level. If Fuel < 10%, give signal forWarning Light.

9. ACTUATORS
ELECTRIC
(most common)
HYDRAULIC
PNEUMATIC
(Conversion ofEnergy intoMotion)
Use compressed Oil tocause Motion
• For higher Loads
• Require moremaintenance
e.g. Excavators
Use compressed Air tocause Motion
• Inexpensive and safe tooperate

10. INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION:
QUADCOPTERS
SENSOR:
• Orientation +Magnetic
MPU6050
• Proximity: HC-SR04
• Height Sensor: BMP180
• Camera:OV7670
• Wireless Module: ESP32
CONTROLLER:
• Arduino UNO POWER SOURCE:
• Li-PoBattery
ACTUATOR:
• High RPM BLDCMotorwith a fixed
propeller.
QUADCOPTER BODY:
• Plastic Frame

11. QUADCOPTER APPLICATION

12. HOME AUTOMATION
Vacuum Cleaner Automatic Sprinkler Smart Camera

13. PRACTICAL SESSION
PROGRAM:
• Codeis executed Line-by-Line
• Codeis written in Language which microcontroller can understand
• Void Setup &Loop: Contains the program
• digitalWrite, delay: Functions for executing aprogram
What you will need:
• ArduinoUNO
• Power Source
• LED
• Breadboard
• Wires
• Resistor