2. Probability means the
possibility that an
event will occur.
OR
a measure of the
likelihood of an
event (or measure
of chance) is
called probability.
3.
4. 0 is the event which is not possible . Throwing a
dice is unlikely chance.
Tossing a coin is having an even chance.
1 in 4or 5 is having a likely chance.
getting 1 is a certain chance
5.
6. Random expirement
A random experiment is possible
when it satisfies the two
conditions:-
1)It has more than one possible
outcome
2)It is not possible to predict the
outcome in advance
7.
8. Sample space
The set of all possible outcomes of a random
experiment . It is denoted by s
• Sample space:-
• The set of all possible outcomes of a
random experiment . It is denoted by s
• Sample point:-
• Elements of sample space are reffered
as sample point
• Event:-
• A subset of a space is called an
event
9. Impossible event:-the empty set is called
impossible event
Sure event :- the whole sample space is called
sure event. Which occurs when expirement is
performed.
10. Possible event:-Event that can occur, but that
cannot be predicted. Sometimes, we use the
expression probable event instead of possible event.
11. Simple event :-
If an event E has only one sample point
of a sample space is called simple
or(elementary) event.
Compound event :-
If an event has more than one sample
point it is called compound event.
12.
13.
14. If we toss three coins, we have a total of 2 ×
2 × 2 = 8 possible outcomes:
HHH, HHT, HTH, HTT, THH, THT, TTH, and
TTT, as shown in Figure
15. When a single die is thrown, there are six
possible outcomes: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
WHERE AS WHEN 2
DICES ARE THROWN
THERE ARE 36
POSSIBLE OUTCOMES
16. Outcomes are the most basic possible results
of observations or experiments.
An event is a collection of one or more
outcomes that share a property of interest.
17. A DECK OF CARDS
CONTAIN 52 CARDS.
IN THESE CARDS WE
HAVE 26BLACK
CARDS AND 26 RED
CARDS.IN BLACK
CARDS WE HAVE 13
SPADES AND 13
CLUB.
AND IN RED CARDS
WE HAVE 13
DIAMONDS AND 13
HEARTS.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24. Complementary events:-
Two events are said to
be complementary when one event occurs if
and only if the other does not. The
probabilities of two complimentary events add
up to 1. For example, rolling a 5 or greater
and rolling a 4 or less on a die
are complementary events, because a roll is 5
or greater if and only if it is not 4 or less.
25. The Complement Rule:-
The Complement Rule states that the sum of the
probabilities of an event and its complement must
equal 1.
P(A)+P(A′)=1
26. 1.What is the probability of
landing on yellow when you spin
the spinner?
There is 1 yellow space on the
spinner. There are 4 equal spaces on
the spinner. The chance on landing
on yellow is 1 in 4. We can also write
that in fraction form.
1
___
4
27. Fair or Unfair?
You can also use probability to determine if
a game is fair or unfair. The teacher gives
1 student spinner A and she gives another
student spinner B. She then explains that
to win a game the person who spins yellow
the most will win. Is this game fair or
unfair ?
Answer: This game is unfair. The student
with spinner A has less of a chance to spin
yellow than the student with spinner
B. Spinner A has a 1 in 4 chance. Spinner B
has a 1 in 3 chance.
