This document discusses using an ultrasonic sensor and DC motor with a gearbox to control an Astrobot. It explains that an ultrasonic sensor can measure distance using the time delay of sound and the speed of sound. A DC motor's speed can be controlled using PWM output from an Arduino and its direction can be controlled using an H-bridge circuit. The document outlines connecting the components to an Arduino and writing code with functions to demonstrate motor control.

1. Astrobot
SESSION 5

5. Ultrasonic sensor

6. Ultrasonic

10. 𝐷 =
∆𝑡
2
∗ 𝑐
• 𝐷 : distance
• ∆𝑡 : time delay
• 𝑐 : speed of sound
Note: 𝑐 = 343
𝑚
𝑠
= 0.0343
𝑐𝑚
µ𝑠

11. Coding

12. DC motor with gearbox
Used voltage : ( 3 to 12 ) DC V
Used Current : ( 190 to 250 ) mA

13. L298N Dual Motor Controller
Module

14. How to control the motor
Speed ?!

15. Analog output
PWM arduino Pins

16. How to control the motor
Rotation Direction ?!
( H-Bridge
circuit )

17. H-Bridge circuit

18. Details

19. What’s Next

22. Connection with
arduino

23. //Code

26. Functions

27. Structure of a Function

28. Structure of a
Function Data_Type FunctionName();

29. Let's Code !

30. Simple Code
w/Function

31. Let's Practice !

32. Coming Session