Sustainable Development

1. Select One Of The Seventeen Sustainable
Development Goals (Sdgs) on Clean Water
and Sanitation (SDG6)
Presented By:
November 2022

2. The Sustainable Development Goals are a broad set of ideals
as a blueprint for a more equitable and sustainable society
for everyone. The Sustainable Development Goals are a
broad set of ideals as a blueprint for a more equitable and
sustainable society for everyone. (United Nations and
National Health Service, United Kingdom).
According Arora & Mishra 2022, sustainable development and
growth goals can also be termed as a collection of global
goals that give a structure for shared Action that all nations
and partners must execute to attain sustainable living that
takes into account justice and equality
Sustainable Development Goals

3. Cont.….
They address global concerns like inequality, poverty,
climate change, peace, environmental degradation, and
justice (Musse, 2019). SDGs can also be termed a collection
of global goals that give a structure for shared Action that
all nations and partners must execute (Musse et al.,
2019). The United Nation Sustainable Development Summit
in September 2015 established the Sustainable
Development and Growth Goals, building on the
achievement of the Millennium Development Goals
(MDGs).

4. Clean water and sanitation achieving
access to safe water and sanitation
and promoting sustainable
management of water resources in
Somalia. ( SDG6)
SOMALIA

5. With about 16 million residents (8 million men and 8.21 million
females dispersed in an area of 633 650 km2), Somalia's
agricultural occupation contributes for over 60% of GDP and employs
approximately 60% of the workforce. Livestock accounts for over
35% of GDP and more than 55% of export revenues. The country
has five primary states: Galmudug, Puntland, Jubaland, South
West State, and Hirshabelle as (World, 2020).
Poor urban families, women families, and internally Displaced
Persons (IDPs) are among those most impacted by lack of access
to clean water and proper sanitation. Somalia has experienced
political riots resulting from 2021 anti-governments riots after
the sitting government postponed the 2021 presidential
elections.
Somalia's healthcare system is a patchwork of solutions. While
the circumstance has improved after the war, services are
frequently pricey, and, regrettably, the public needs to be more
fully trusting. Barely 35% of Somalis have access to health care,
and only 10% of children receive routine vaccines.
S OM ALI A

6. Table of SDG 6 targets and Indicators
SDG 6 TARGETS INDICATORS
6.1 Achieve equitable universal access reliable and affordable to clean water
by 2030.
Proportion of the population that uses safe drinking water services
6.2 Ensure that everyone has access to sufficient and equitable sanitation and
hygiene, and give special attention to the needs of women and children by
2030
Proportion of the population that uses clean sanitation services, including hand
washing facilities
6.3 Enhancing recycling and safe reuse internationally, decreasing the share
of untreated wastewater, eliminating dumping, and avoiding releasing harmful
chemicals and materials will all help to improve water quality by 2030
Percentage of safely treated wastewater and percentage of water bodies with
high ambient water quality.
6.4 Significantly boost water-use efficiency across all sectors and ensure
sustainable freshwater withdrawals and supply to solve water shortage and
considerably reduce the number of people suffering from water by 2030.
Scarcity Water-use efficiency changes through time and Water stress level:
freshwater withdrawal as a percentage of available freshwater resources
6.5 Implement coordinated management of water resources at all scales,
especially where necessary through trans boundary collaboration by 2030
Implementation of sustainable water management to a certain extent (0-100)
percentage of trans boundary basins having functioning water cooperation
agreements
6.6 Water-related habitats, such as mountains, forests, wetlands, rivers,
aquifers, and lakes, must be protected and restored by 2030
The scope of water-related ecosystems has changed over time.
6.7 Increase international collaboration and power assistance for projects and
activities connected to safe drinking water and sanitation , including
technology for harnessing water, distillation, water recycling, treatment of
water, and reusing by 2030.
Amount of official development support for water and sanitation that is included
in a government-coordinated budget plan
6.8 Support and increase local community involvement in bettering water and
sanitation management by 2030
Percentage of local relevant administrative units that have procedures and
policies for community engagement in sanitation and water management that
are operational and have been created

7. Explanation to SDG6 Table
By 2030, it is intended to provide access to and sustainable management
of water and sanitation for all. It contains several goals that must be
reached for this to happen and several indicators to determine whether
the goals are satisfied. From the time the target was approved in 2015
until the present, there has been a constant improvement. Yet billions of
people continue to lack access to clean drinking water and sanitary
facilities. According to research by Herring & Campbell et al. 2020 ,
the yearly pace of improvement would need to be quadrupled to provide
even the most basic sanitation services to everyone. One of the most
important strategies for reducing the growing water demand is the
efficient use and management of water resources.

8. The United Nations Sustainable Development and
Somalia Development Action report identified
several signs that have prevented Somalia from
achieving Sustainable access to clean water and
Sanitation (World, 2020). These challenges
include:
The Existence of drought exhibited by a four-year
rainless regime is a natural challenge hard to
tackle.
The existence of civil war for over two decades
which has led to the destruction of property and
water-generating resources.
Limited and inadequate financial and human
resources are faced by the WASH sector, which
has contributed inability to ensure the
sustainability of WASH programs and objectives.
Loss of Land to Natural Disasters like draught and
pollution.
SOMALIA SDG6 CHALLENGES

9. Other notable challenges are:
Non-Implementation of Government
Policies
High and endemic corruption rates
Inadequate and inequitable resource
allocation and distribution.
High rates of environmental pollution
make it impossible to provide clean water
for use as available water sources are
polluted.
Uncontrolled population growth and
Migration.
Lack of proper water storage systems and
mechanisms.
SOMALIA SDG6 CHALLENGES.../2
Post-conflict development, reviewing the water sector in Somalia |SpringerLink
Population Density in Somalia (Population Pyramid 2020)

10. The Existence of Semi-arid lands makes
Somalia land desert-like conditions with the
inability to support life and growth.
The Somali refugee challenge has been one of
the world’s most difficult mass dispersion
crises. Numerous thousands of residents have
left Somalia in the last three decades as a
result of political unrest and a devastating
civil conflict that erupted in 1991
·Water is an essential resource that
necessitates the growth of food, animals,
human beings, and ecological balance.
Sustainability without proper clean water
means nothing, as development relies on
water availability for energy production and
even favorable climatic conditions.
SOMALIA SDG6 CHALLENGES.../3

11. S O M A L I A SDG6 CHALLENGES.../3
The COVID Challenge
According to the most recent World Bank Somalia
Economic Update 2021, COVID-19 has affected all
economic sectors, resulting in decreased revenues
for both the state and federal administrations.
Somalia had been making progress economically
before the world health pandemic of COVID-19 as it
strived to recover from high was anticipated to gain
growth again by a margin of 3.5 percent in 2020 (Arora,
2022). Somalia's economic recovery actions were halted
by the COVID-19 pandemic as its GDP growth declined
to 2.2 percent in 2020, negatively influencing the
economy through a mix of demand and supply shocks.
The pandemic has negatively impacted impoverished
services, essential governmental operations, and
households by limiting trading taxes, remittances, and
livestock exports.

12. According to Arora &Mishra 2022, Somalia has strived
to maintain its commitment and purpose to
sustainable development and growth since the
Establishment of the Sustainable Development Goals
through its various governmental and international
support initiatives. Some of these initiatives are
highlighted in the slides that follow:
AWS: Improving Access to Water and Sanitation
Services is a 10 million dollar project of 2016/2020 and
an $11 million project in 2020/2024 for rural water and
sanitation initiative by Somalia government USAID.
The project was executed and implemented by the
Somali Ministry of Energy and Water Resources in
collaboration with the International Organization of
Migration (IOM).
INITIATIVES LAUNCHED TO TACKLE THE CHALLENGES

13.  The WASH initiative (Water, Sanitation and
Hygiene) is a government project aiming to
eradicate acute watery diarrhea (AWD),
seasonal flooding, endless war, and severe
drought crisis in aid by providing access to
safe, clean water and Sanitation to all citizens
and IDPs.
 International Cooperation (COOPI). The
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australia
(DFAT 6) project is being carried out by COOPI
as a part of the SomRep initiative. The project
seeks to increase disaster risk management,
preserve ecosystems and water sources, build
young capacity, and support small business
initiatives.
INITIATIVES LAUNCHED TO TACKLE THE CHALLENGES

14.  The Establishment of the Somalia Durable Solution
initiative in 2016 by the Somali government, in
partnership with the UN, is an initiative meant to
bring peace and try to resolve the civil war that has
been since the early 1990s.
 The Somali Government has also established
National Development Plan II 2020 to 2024, which
aims to protect IDPs' rights, as well as a plan to aid
in their integration into federal and local
administration. The national Development Plan also
sets its objectives in monitoring and evaluating
different national development sectors' progress
toward sustainable development and growth.
More SOMALI INITIATIVES.../2

15.  Green Deal Somalia Initiative is a climate action initiative on
building a resilient economy and clean energy that aims to
improve the accessibility of affordable and sufficient energy
and proper use of available water.
 National Strategic Plan of Action for Proper sanitation (NPAPS)
(2016/2020): Has its primary objectives and approaches that will
enable the provision of a proper sanitation environment at the
same time providing mechanisms for controlling and preventing
sanitation-related diseases
 The Zero Drought and HungerInitiative (ZDHI) attempts to
provide a strategic framework for reaching the country's clean
water and sanitation and Zero hunger target (SDG6 and SDGG 2)
using an inter-sectoral and multi-dimensional strategy whereby
all sectors have particular targets that must be accomplished.
More SOMALI INITIATIVES.../3

16. SDG-6 Potential Solution: The SWITZERLAND
Success Story.
According to the world Bank 2020 Sustainable Development Report,
Switzerland has ranked as the best country in providing clean water
and Sanitation in the world.
Measures adopted by Switzerland to achieve sustainability in Clean
water and Sanitation are:
 Switzerland has set out measures to ensure regular drinking
water inspection and adopted policies that restrict water to a
certain level of contamination and chemicals.
 Switzerland Has also adopted and implemented some of the
World Health Organization Protocol on Water and Health, which
is signified by the Establishment of wastewater treatment plants
that have reduced the levels of phosphorous, nitrogen, and other
contaminants.
 Switzerland amended Spatial Planning policies in 2021,
which sets out two main objectives: to encourage inbound
urban growth for the better use of existing land, and Land
rezoning to prevent urban outreach and outgrowth. This is a
practical strategy to reduce metropolitan areas' development
and their adverse effects on natural landscapes and
resources.

17. Switzerland has adopted policies and regulations on air
and water pollution. Methane and fossil fuel emissions
declined by 16 % in 2015 due to proper agricultural
practices, including sustainable livestock production and
garbage management. Additionally, between 2001 and
2018, black greenhouse gases were impressively reduced by
75%, mainly due to the installation of diesel engine particle
filter laws.
Switzerland promotes national forest programs, excellent
sector governance, strengthening land rights, equitable
benefit sharing, and sustainable value chains for the
production and use of forests. It also supports biomass and
carbon inventories.
These methods could also assist Somalia in upholding its
promises of sustainable development. Most of these
techniques have their roots in land tenure systems and
technology (Herring, 2020). The vast riches that Somalia
possesses have gone unused for a long time. It could be
advantageous to pay attention to this region.
SDG-6: SWITZERLAND .../2

18. The government of Somalia continues its efforts to reduce
poverty, hunger, and food insecurity, as well as to provide its
citizens with access to clean water and sanitary facilities.
Somalia's government, with different stakeholders, has
established several water conservation and natural resources
policies and initiatives with impactful frameworks that address
water and sanitation challenges and other hunger-related
issues.
Due to the NDP-8's impending expiration, Somalia unveiled its
NDP-9, which outlines its objectives for 2020 /2024 in2019. As a
result, the UN mission in Somalia started developing a new UN
Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework (UNCF) to
direct its team's efforts in pursuing the NDP-9 targets.
2 0 3 0 Goal: Somalia's Progress

19. Somalia should establish a decentralized governance framework to oversee the
delivery of water services.
Somalia should also support sector integration and the creation of efficient
standards and policies for water services and development. The government-
led collaboration and coordination are essential for better support from
international organizations.
Strengthen and improve institutional structures and capabilities for safe
excretion, waste disposal, and transportation, including creating capacity and
infrastructure for such activities.
Promote and enhance low-cost methods and techniques for treating water,
including plastic bottles or chlorine pills.
Safeguard, promote and improve the environment and human health; it is
essential to fight desertification, lessen the effects of floods and droughts,
manage land and natural resources, expand access to safe drinking water,
and provide appropriate Sanitation.
SOLUTION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

20. 1.Arora, N. K., & Mishra, I. (2022). Sustainable development goal 6: Global Water Security.
Environm ental Sustainability, 1-5. https://link.springer.com /article/10.1007/s42398-022-
00246-5
2.Herring, E., Campbell, P., Elmi, M., I). COVID- 19 and sustainable development in
Somalia/Somalilasmail, L., Jama, J., McNeill, S., ... & Yusuf, M. (2020nd. Global Security:
Health, Science and Policy, 5(1), 93-110.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/23779497.2020.1824584
3.Musse, A. M., Ab Rashid, R., & Zainol, Z. (2019). The emergence of Islamic Banks in Somalia in
the post-conflict era: prospects and challenges. Indian-Pacific Journal of Accounting and
Finance, 3(1), 41-49. http://ipjaf.om jpalpha.com /index.php/ipjaf/article/view/64
4.Swain, R. B. (2018). A critical analysis of the sustainable development goals. In Handbook of
sustainability science and research (pp. 341-355). Springer, Cham.
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-63007-6_20
5.World Bank. (2020). Somalia Country Environmental Analysis: Diagnostic Study on Trends
and Threats for Environmental and Natural Resources Challenges.
https://policycommons.net/artifacts/1268260/somalia-country-environmental-
analysis/1847969/
REFERENCES

21. THANK YOU!