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Lower Intermediate 
“Second Honeymoon” 
12/10/2014
しか 
● A binding particle to indicate the sole 
exception 
o Example: 
教室には山田先生しかいませんでした 
。 
“There was nobody in the classroom but 
professor Yamada”
Use 
● Follows nouns, plain form of verbs, 
particle forms of adjectives. 
● The word after しかis always a negation. 
● Common form: 
o 「~しか~ない」
Example 
この村には、100人しか人がいない。 
In this town, there are only 100 people.

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しか - 12/10/2014