This document discusses goal setting and different types of goals. It provides guidance on creating SMARTER goals, which are specific, measurable, agreed upon, realistic, time-bound, exciting, and recorded. The document also discusses outcome goals, like product and performance goals, as well as process goals, which focus on improving skills. Examples of personal, career, and academic goals are then provided following the SMARTER framework. Steps and deadlines are outlined for achieving each goal around organization, presentation skills, and writing skills.

1. Goal Setting
“A goal represents something you want to achieve in life.” (Leonard,
2005, p14). When setting goals for yourself they should be Specific,
Measurable, Agreed, Realistic and Time Phased, Exciting, Recorded or
SMARTER. This allows goals to be accurate, achievable, assessable,
interesting, motivating and target related. SMARTER goals are easier to
identify in certain situations than others, this is usually when goals are
appropriate and quantifiable. (Crisfield, Houlston & Simpkin, 1996).
“This approach is far more likely to provide guidance in the form of
clear objectives” (Forsyth, 2009, p15).
Clear objectives mean that the objectives are clarified and aren’t too
vague, making them more specific and measurable. (Forsyth, 2009b).
There are also other types of goals such as Outcome Goals and Process
Goals. Outcome Goals are divided into two categories; Product and
Performance. Product goals such as finishing 1st or being selected for a
team can be useful as long term goals. Product goals are generally
affected by the performer and other outside factors, such as other
competitors to produce the outcome.
Performance goals such as achieving a personal best or a certain time
allow the competitor to gain positive feedback from the race outcome as
they might of achieved the goal set but maybe only finished 3rd in the
race, when aiming for 2nd or 1st. The outcome is directly influenced by
someone’s performance, meaning that it is down to the individual and
their own performance.
Process goals analyse what you have to do to become successful. Process
goals are used for short term goals and improving skills. (Crisfield,
Houlston & Simpkin, 1996b).
“This is because process goals, unlike some outcome goals, are
more directly under the performer’s control (ie you can control your
own performance but not that of the opposition)” (Crisfield,
Houlston & Simpkin, 1996c, p22).
Goal setting can help you become; More organised, less stressed and
more motivated. (Kulas & Scopes, 2008).
I have used (Leonard,2005b) tips to write my goal using simplistic words,
bullet points, action plans and deadlines to complete each step by.

2. Personal
Organisation and Time Management
Organisation and time management have become very important to me
as I haven’t always been very organised causing me to waste my time
and then rush activities as I have left them until the last minute. This
means that the things that have been left don’t get my full attention and
engagement, which tends to end in them not being up to the standard
that I am capable of. This mainly happens to my work, so I want to make
sure that I am paying full attention and putting everything I am capable
of into achieving the best grades possible.
I want to become more organised over the next 3 months, so that it
enables me to have a more professional style about my person. It will
also improve my performance in tasks across both career and academic
paths, such as creating a CV for a job interview or planning for an essay.
To achieve this goal I aim to do the following things to help me progress
towards its.
Firstly I am going to purchase a diary and record all of my
prioritised events, such as assignment deadlines, University
timetable and work shifts. Target date: 1st December 2011
I am going to try to design a personal rota for when I do
everything, for example
Day 9-11 11-1 1-3 3-5 5-7 7 onwards
Monday Lie in Free Free Uni Free Time Socialising
Time Time Study
Tuesday Free Free Uni Uni Work Work
Time Time Study Study
Wednesday Free Sports Sport Free Uni Study Socialising
Time s Time
Thursday Free Uni Uni Free Work Work
Time Time
Friday Lie in Uni Uni Free Free Time Socialising
Study Study Time
Saturday Work Work Work Work Work Socialising
Sunday Lie in Uni Uni Socialis Socialising Socialising
Study Study ing

3. This will allow me to adapt my current routine and assign certain times of
the week to do certain aspects of my life. I have 14 hours of study
outside of University currently timetabled, which is sufficient. I believe
this plan shows a good balance of work with pleasure and if I feel that I
need to be doing more of either I have plenty of free time slots in which
to do that.
I am going to clear my desk in my room and set up an area with all
the equipment I will need, paper, pens, file storage(for notes and to
split up each module) and a printer, so that it is a positive and easy
environment to work in. Target Date 1st January 2012
Finally I am going to try and
use a Priority Matrix in
tandem with my timetable so
that if I do become short of
time, I have a proven theory
and model to help me to
decide on which task to
complete and when to
complete it. A Priority Matrix
separates tasks into 4
different categories; Urgent
Important, Urgent Not
Important, Not Urgent
Important and Not Urgent Not
Important.
Career
Presentation Skills
A presentation is a way of informing others in a professional environment,
with the use of visual aids. They are used every day in the business world
and can have a positive effect, especially when promoting or selling a
product. Presentations are so effective that a well produced one can “seal
the deal”, thus making them very important within business.
I want to improve and become more comfortable within my presentation
skills over the next 9 months, enabling me to be more effective and
professional when I am presenting to an audience. This will allow me to

4. engage and persuade people to believe and be interested in the
information and the views that I am giving them. I know presentation
skills are essential and key within a business as companies normally pitch
or present their product when trying to sell it. I struggle to be strict to a
script as I get my words mixed up when I am trying to remember many
sections.
Firstly I am going to use simplistic cue cards, to try and narrow
down the amount of words or key phrases that I have to remember
and allow myself to elaborate on key points using my prior
knowledge around the subject.
Next I am going to run through my presentation multiple times to
familiarise myself with the content and order of the presentation, to
hopefully minimise mistakes.
Lastly I am going to videotape myself to see if my body posture,
appearance and voice are appropriate and effective. This will also
show my confidence levels, which in effect will hopefully show my
comfortability about the situation. (Bradbury, 2010)
Academic
Writing skills are very key to an academic. Being able to write an effective
and inspiring essay is very hard to achieve. According to (Collins, 2004)
many essays and writers contain circumlocution, which is basically using
too many words to explain or describe something. This results in word
wasting and sounding less intellectual as the reader has to prolong their
reading to gain the same information.
Writing Skills
I believe that my writing style and layout needs improving.I say this
through past experiences from GCSE’s through to feedback from my
essays at University. From this feedback I get the feeling that I order my
essays wrong and that I sometimes confuse the reader by not explaining
enough detail. This usually happens when I am talking about a subject
that I am really comfortable and knowledgeable about. I tend to take
some details for granted, I think this is because I believe them to be
simplistic and expect the reader to know them. Obviously this isn’t always
the case, so I believe I need to go into in depth details when explaining
any topic to make sure I give the reader all the information possible.

5. There are a few steps I want to take to improve this skill. Firstly I
want to increase my vocabulary. When I am writing an essay I keep
wanting to use the same words. I am going to use a thesaurus to
vary the words I use but still keeping the same meaning and effect.
Secondly to try and improve the layout of my essays I am going to
make bullet points of all the information that is needed within the
essay. Once I have successfully done this I am going to analyse the
bullet points and order them, hopefully allowing the reader to follow
what I am saying and gain the most amount of information
possible. (Collins, 2009)
Lastly I am going to seek advice or methods via my tutors and
literature. This way I can gain information from experienced and
proven sources. My tutors will hopefully inform me on what they are
looking for when they are examining essays, hopefully giving me a
few ideas and tips to improve my writing style. By reading and
studying literature I might also come across theories and tips to
improve, this is a great source as an intellectual has spent many
hours studying and researching for this information.
Bibliography
Leonard, E. (2005) Study Skills Simplified, Pearson Education
Inc, United States.
Crisfield, P., Houlston, D., Simpkin, A. (1996) Coaching Sessions:
A guide to planning and goal-setting. Coachwise Ltd, Leeds.
Stevens, N. (2005) Learn to coach, How To Books Ltd, Oxford.
Internet source:
http://www.google.co.uk/url?source=imglanding&ct=img&q=http://
www.rainmakerlawyer.com/images/uploads/Priority_Matrix_thumb.j
pg&sa=X&ei=_-_UTuvHGMWWOuO-
pVY&ved=0CAsQ8wc4IA&usg=AFQjCNERfb5v-mjzv2lZH-
g5hxGVPbkVMA
Bradbury, A. (2010) Successful Presentation Skills: 4th Edition.
Kogan Page, London.
Collins (2004) Good Writing Skills. Harper Collins Publishers,
Glasgow.
Collins (2009) Improve Your Writing Skills. Harper Collins
Publishers, Glasgow.
(Kulas & Scopes, 2008). S4L

6. Forsyth, P. (2009) 100 great time management ideas. Marshall
Cavendish Business, Singapore and London.