Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Similar to Beak modifications in birds
Similar to Beak modifications in birds (20)
More from nusratperween2
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Beak modifications in birds
- 2. Objectives • Types of beak modifications in birds • Examples of birds with beak modification
- 3. Introduction • Birds- absence of teeth • Modified jaw bones – beak • Covered with sheath- Rhamphotheca • Beak = Fore Limb + Teeth • Variations - depending on food type and functions
- 4. 1. Seed eating beak • Strong, stout, short, conical • Broad at base & pointed at tip • Crushes large hard shelled seeds & fruits • Gram eating birds Small conical beak
- 6. 2. Cutting and biting type • Strong, sharp with cutting edges • Long and slender Crow
- 7. 3. Fruit eating beak • Break hard fruit nuts • Use for gnawing hard nuts & seeds, tearing fruits • Parrot- sharp, powerful, hooked, extremely strong
- 8. • Hornbill – large, enormous, heavy, cumbersome • Light in weight, interior is cellular • Acts as resonator to produce loud cry
- 9. 4. Insectivorous beak • Catch insect when they are flying • Small, wide , delicate • Examples: swallows ,swifts , robin
- 10. • Fly catcher: short, strong ,notched mandible at tip • bristles at base swifts Robin
- 11. • Hoopoe : long, slender slightly curved • For turning leaves & probing soil for insects grubs and pupae.
- 12. Type Use Example Shape Seed Eating Crushes hard seed Sparrow, fiches, cardinals Strong, Conical, base broad, pointed tip Cutting & Biting Cutting and biting crow Strong, long, slender Sharp edge Fruit Eating Breaking hard fruit Parrot, hornbill Sharp, Hooked, strong Insectivorous Catching flying insect Fly catcher, swallows , swift, hoopoe Small, wide, delicate
- 13. 5. Wood chiseling beak • Long, straight , stout, chisel like • Drilling wood for insect or nest building • Thickened, shock absorbing skull bone • Strong neck muscle • Ex: wood pecker
- 14. 6. Tearing & Piercing • Carnivorous birds • Short, pointed, sharp, edged, powerful, hooked • For tearing flesh • Well developed mandibular muscle • Example: Eagle, Owls, Kites, Hawks, Vulture
- 15. Owl Vulture Hawk Eagle Kites
- 17. 7. Fish catching beak • Long , powerful, sharply pointed • Capture fish , frogs, toads, aquatic animals
- 18. • Cormorant: long , narrow with curved edges sharp backwardly directed teeth • Indian Darter or snake bird: saw like teeth like fine needle
- 19. 8. Mud probing beak • Extremely long , slender • Long probes for searching down into mud Stilt
- 21. Type Use Example Shape Wood Chiseling Drilling into wood Wood pecker Long , straight, chisel like Tearing & Piercing Carnivorous birds Eagle, Hawk, Owl, Vulture, Kites Short, hooked , sharp Fish catching Capture fish frog, toads etc Heron, Kingfisher, Darter, Cormorant Sharply pointed , saw like Mud Probing Catching flying insect Lapwing, Sand piper, Stilt, Snipes Long , slender
- 22. 9. Water & mud straining • Edges of jaws- modified into Horney serrations or transverse lamellae • Acts as sieves or strainer • Example: flamingo – curved , downward & with transverse lamellae
- 23. Broad And Flat beak Duck transverse lamellae
- 24. 10. Spatulate • Flattened beak • Terminate in broad spoon • Dabbling in water & mud for insects, fish, worm etc. • Example: spoon bill
- 25. 11. Pouched • Attached to lower mandible • Acts as fishing net • Pouch like extensile skin • Example: pelican
- 26. 12. Flower Probing • Feeds on nectar of flower • Long , pointed • beak are bent a/c to flower shape • Can dive down to corolla of flower • Example: Humming Bird
- 27. Type Use Example Shape Water & mud straining Straining food from mud &water Duck, Geese, Flamingo Broad ,flat, transverse lamellae Spatulate Dabbling into water & mud Spoon bill Flat, spoon shape Pouched Acts as fishing net Pelican Pouch like extension Flower Probing Nectar of flower Humming bird Long ,pointed