It is useful for all the people who are very new to computers. I provide a little bit of awareness of the fundamentals of computers. I am providing some of the information as per my knowledge.

1. Introduction To
Computers
Krupakara Reddy N
Jr.Asst.(OS)
SCNMGDC, Narayanpet
Narayanpet.
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2. Definition
• Computer is an electronic
device that is designed to
work with Information.
• The term computer is
derived from the Latin
term ‘compute’, this means
to calculate or programmabl
e machine.
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3. Uses of Computers
• Education
• Business
• Animation
• Movies
• Games
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4. Types of Computers
Computers are
divided into three
types,
1.Digital Computers
2.Analog Computers
3.Hybrid Computers
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5. Types of Computers
• Hybrid Computers
• Micro Computers
• Mini Computers
• Mainframe Computers
• Super Computers
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6. 6

7. Components of Computers
• CPU
• Monitor
• Keyboard
• Mouse
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8. CPU – Central Processing
Unit
• The computer is controlled
by its Central Processing
Unit (CPU). The CPU is
the brains of the computer.
Sometimes referred to simply
as the central
processor or Nerve
Centre or heart, but more
commonly called processor,
the CPU is where most
calculations take place.
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9. Monitor
A monitor is a computer display unit,
it is known as Output Device. These
are three types, they are:
1. CRT Cathode Ray Tube
2. LCD – Liquid Crystal Display
3. LED – Light Emission Display
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10. Keyboard
• A keyboard is the set of
typewriter-like keys that
enables you to enter data into
a computer and other devices.
Computer keyboards are
similar to electric-typewriter
keyboards but contain
additional keys.
Christopher Latham Sholes (February 14, 1819 –
February 17, 1890) was an American inventor who
invented the first practical typewriter and
theQWERTY keyboard still in use today. 10

11. Mouse
• A device that controls
the movement of
the cursor or pointer o
n adisplay screen. A
mouse is a
small object you can
roll along a hard, flat
surface.
The computer mouse as we know it today was
invented and developed by Douglas Engelbart, with
the assistance of Bill English, during the 1960's and
was patented on November 17,1970. 11

12. Software
• Software is a collection
of instructions that
enable the user to
interact with a
computer, its hardware,
or perform tasks.
Without software,
computers would be
useless.
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13. Hardware
• Hardware is
described as any
physical component
of a computer
system that contains
a circuit board, ICs,
or other electronics.
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14. Operating System
• An operating
system or OS is a
software on the hard
drive that enables the
computer hardware t
o communicate and
operate with the
computer software.
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15. Ms-Dos
• Ms-Dos Commands are classified into
two types.
1. Internal Commands
2. External Commands
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16. Internal Commands
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17. External Commands
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18. Windows
Windows is a series of operating
systems developed by Microsoft.
Each version of Windows includes
a graphical user interface, with
a desktop that allows users to
view files and folders in windows.
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19. Windows - Tools
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20. Ms- Office
• Word
• Excel
• Power point
• Access
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21. Ms-Wrod
• Microsoft Word is a word processing program
developed for the Windows and Macintosh
platforms.
• The first version of Word was released for
DOS in 1983 and had a text interface.
• Microsoft released "Word for Windows" in
1989, and it soon became the most popular
word processing program on any platform. In
1995.
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22. Ms-Excel
• Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet program
for Windows and Macintosh computers.
• Though Excel is developed by Microsoft,
the first version of the program was
released for the Macintosh in 1985.
• It wasn't until 1987, when Microsoft
introduced Windows 3.0, that Excel was
made available for Windows
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23. Ms-Power point
• PowerPoint is a presentation
program developed by Microsoft.
• The software allows users to create
anything from basic slide shows to
complex presentations.
• PowerPoint is often used to create
business presentations, but can also
be used for educational or informal
purposes.
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24. Ms-Access
• Microsoft Access, often abbreviated "MS
Access," is a popular database application
for Windows. Access allows users to create
custom databases that store information in
an organized structure. The program also
provides a visual interface for creating
custom forms, tables, and SQL queries.
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25. Internet
• The Internet is a global wide
area network that connects
computer systems across the
world. It includes
several high-bandwidth data
lines that comprise the
Internet "backbone." These
lines are connected to major
Internet hubs that distribute
data to other locations, such
as web servers and ISPs.
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26. Email
• Email, short for
"electronic mail," is one
of the most widely used
features of the Internet,
along with the web. It
allows you to send and
receive messages to and
from anyone with an
email address, anywhere
in the world.
Shiva Ayyadurai is an
American scientist, inventor
and entrepreneur of Indian
origin. As a high school
student in 1978-1979, he
developed an electronic
version of an interoffice mail
system, which he called
"EMAIL" and copyrighted in
1982.
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27. Browsers
• A web browser, or simply "browser," is an
application used to access and view websites.
Common web browsers include Microsoft
Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Mozilla
Firefox, and Apple Safari.
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28. Search Engines
• Google, Excite, Lycos, AltaVista, Info seek, and
Yahoo are all search engines. They index millions of
sites on the Web, so that Web surfers like you and
me can easily find Web sites with the information we
want.
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29. E-commerce
• E-commerce (electronic-commerce) refers to business
over the Internet. Web sites such as Amazon.com,
Buy.com, and eBay are all e-commerce sites. The two
major forms of e-commerce are Business-to-
Consumer (B2C) and Business-to-Business (B2B).
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30. E-banking
• Online banking, also known as internet
banking, e-banking or virtual banking, is
an electronic payment system that enables customers
of a bank or other financial institution to conduct a
range of financial transactions through the financial
institution's website.
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