Language testing is defined as evaluating an individual's proficiency in using a particular language effectively. There are two basic types of language tests: achievement tests, which measure content from a specific course, and proficiency tests, which measure general language ability regardless of course content. When developing and administering language tests, it is important to consider their validity, reliability, practicality, and instructional value. Validity refers to how well a test measures what it is intended to measure. Reliability means a test produces consistent results under similar conditions. Practicality is determined by the resources required to administer the test. Instructional value refers to how easily test results can be used to improve teaching and learning.