How respiration done how gaseous exchange takes place in the body

1. Mechanism Of Respiration

7. STEPS OF RESPIRATION
• PULMONARY VENTILATION
• EXTERNAL RESPIRATION OR PULMONARY
RESPIRATION
• TRANSPORT OF GASES IN BLOOD
• INTERNAL RESPIRATION OR TISSUE
RESPIRATION

9. MECHANICS OF BREATHING
• 2 PROCESSES-
• Inspiration-Inflow of atmospheric air into
lungs.
• Expiration-Outflow of air from lungs into
atmosphere.

10. Important Pressures
• Atmospheric Pressure –Pressure exerted by the
air surrounding the body i.e 0cm water pressure
• Intrapulmonary Pressure /intraalveolar
pressure–pressure exerted by the air within the
lungs
• Intrapleural Pressure /intrathoracic pressure-
pressure within the pleural cavity exerted by
pleural fluid.
• Transpulmonary Pressure/recoil pressure

11. MUSCLE OF INSPIRATION
• Muscle of normal tidal inspiration-
• Diaphragm
• External intercostal
• Accessory Muscle of inspirationi.
i. Sternocleidomastoid
ii. Scalene
iii. Serratus Anterior
iv. Pectoralis major and minor
• Laryngeal muscle

12. MUSCLE OF EXPIRATION
• Internal intercostal
• Abdominal muscles includei.
• Abdominal Rectii
ii. Transversus Abdominis
iii. Internal oblique

13. Muscle of rerspiration

21. BOYLE’S LAW
• Pressure of gas is inversely proportional to
volume of thoracic cavity.
• Normal size
• Gas molecules strike wall and exert pressure.

27. V: Change in lung volume
Palv: Alveolar Prssure
Pip: Plural pressure