My Sci Fi Of The Earth Of A Space

My Sci Fi Of The Earth Of A Space
Hao–Lin Yang
0834238
My sci–fi paper will be something along the lines of "A day in the life of a space garbageman" set a
few decades in the future when an orbital spaceship has been developed that can track down and
remove space debris from orbit. The article will explain in detail the technologies that will make
such a spaceship possible such as electric or tether propulsion, life support, and garbage collecting
means. It will also explain the various hazards of prolonged stays in orbit such as space weather and
effect of microgravity on a human.
Space Debris
Space debris is any particle, whether natural or man–made, floating around in space[1]. This paper
will focus on man–made space debris in orbit around earth. First, will define ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Orbital debris come from a variety of human activity in orbital space. One major source of orbital
debris comes from launched rockets and man–made satellites[1]. When a rocket is launched, the
upper stage booster that gives a spacecraft its final boost into orbit is often left in orbit[2]. These
boosters may stay in orbit for decades and if there is still fuel remaining inside them they may
explode and create a cloud of debris[2]. One example was when a Chinese Long March 4 exploded
on March 11, 2000 [3]. The payloads of the rocket often contribute greatly to the amount of orbital
debris as well. In 2009, two satellites smashed into each other and created a cloud of debris with
over a 1,000 pieces longer than 10 centimeters [4]. While collisions between debris do not add to the
total mass of debris in orbit, they do add to the number of smaller pieces and increase the chances of
further collisions in the future[4]. There were even cases where debris was created from intentional
destruction of satellites in order to test anti–satellite weapons[5]. The amount of debris is increasing
with human activity in space.
The growing number of orbital debris inconveniences and even endangers future space missions.
Low mass particles often impact the solar panels of spacecraft in orbit[6]. This creates a
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Analysis Of Nasa's Optical Communication Technology
U.S. Navy
Using CubeSat architecture, the U.S. Navy has initiated the HALO–Net (high–band Anti–jam LPI
[Low Probability of Intercept]/LPD [Low Probability of Detection] Optical Network) project to
develop an optical communication network. It is known that shock test took place in 2016. (Space
and Naval Warfare Systems Command, n.d.). Additional information regarding the project has not
been located.
Future Activity
NASA has created a roadmap to outline the Agency's Optical Communications Program's objectives
for 2017 and Beyond (Cornwell, 2017). This research paper assumes that NASA's optical
communications technology initiatives are a bellwether for the other government agencies and
commercial entities. The list includes the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The work at the Aerospace Corporation has been completed internally, and the manufacturing
sources for HALO–Net are unknown. By comparing costs for the Aerospace project versus HALO–
Net, it may be possible to create a scaling factor for FFRDCs and military builds.
Costs from NASA's LCRD have been captured, and it is assumed that launch will occur in 2018.
Collecting costs from multiple projects and agencies would be beneficial, since another trend is the
utilization of COTS–Plus parts to produce these systems, and LCRD has a strong heritage pertaining
to this type of acquisition strategy.
Conclusion
The aerospace industry is changing; big is out; small is favored. Small satellites, Nanosats, and
CubeSats are proliferating universities, FFRDCs, government agencies, and commercial entities.
This trend is flowing into organization charts, as well. New, agile organizational structures and
partnering arrangements are perpetuating the metamorphosis. Small companies, incubators, venture
capitalists funded businesses are designing, building, and incorporating smaller satellites, into their
business plans. Distributed networks of small satellites require precise, pointing, acquisition, and
tracking parameters to enable intersatellite laser links. Vast amounts of information are awaiting
capture and distribution via

Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) Communication Networks
Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) Communication Networks
Introduction Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) communication networks are a form of satellite
communication where business and industry can transmit data, voice and video around the world
through a satellite link. Companies such as Walmart use VSATs to process data to and from their
stores nationwide (Lawton, 1994). Understanding the basics of what constitutes a VSAT network
and how it operates will establish a basis of knowledge to expand on the various applications.
Illustrating the commercial and military use of these satellite networks will show how space
capabilities can be more advantageous over terrestrial methods of communication. The use of VSAT
communication is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
TDMA uses timing to allow multiple signals within a specified amount of time. This would be like a
large group taking turns talking at different time intervals. CDMA uses codes to allow multiple
signals with specific individual codes. This would be like a group of individuals speaking in
different languages. FDMA uses different frequencies within the signal. This would be like a group
of individual speaking at different tones or levels. Using different code, time, frequency and other
access schemes allows a large number of signals to be transmitted, identified and differentiated
simultaneously.
There are two basic types of VSAT networks: Mesh topology networks and star topology networks.
A mesh topology network is a point–to–point network consisting of multiple locations and antennas
as described above. A star topology network is usually a larger network where multiple equipment
sets (antennas and modems) are placed in various locations. These geographically dispersed
equipment sets are also referred to as nodes. Each node transmits its signal through a satellite to a
larger modem and antenna called a "hub". A hub modem is a more complex unit compared to those
of an individual node and the hub antenna is slightly larger with more power capability (usually 4–
11 meters in diameter). In star topologies, each node communicates to the satellite and the satellite
communicates to the hub. The hub acts as a

Johannes Kepler 's A Perfect World
Johannes Kepler was a modern individual and he believed that God would have created a perfect
world and in that world everything was geometrically perfect. In Banville's book about Kepler it
says, "The search for knowledge everywhere encounters geometrical relations in nature, which God,
in creating the world, laid out (Banville 1981, p.145)." As he pursued the answer to planetary
motion, he assumed that the planets orbited the sun in a perfect circle. He tried to seek order in his
chaotic life through science and rational thought. While pursuing his research on planetary orbit, he
struggled to keep his three worlds; rational, emotional, and social; in order. Kendura says that a
novel provides knowledge of life as lived by individuals (Kendura 1988). Kepler's life definitely
represents the hassles a normal person's life is like. In his rational world he could logically come up
with a reason for different phenomenas. He spends his life researching planetary orbit and
astronomical tables. Dealing with his rational world is somewhat easier than dealing with his
emotional and social worlds because the rational world is based on research, facts, and evidence.
For Toulmin planetary orbit is just a physical law of nature, which according to the Cartesian
Dichotomy would fall under the body and not the mind. Kepler also follows the dichotomy in many
ways, so he would probably agree with Toulmin.
His emotional life is probably the messiest of his three worlds. In his emotional

The Space Race Essay
The years after World War II was a time of great scientific and technological advancements. With
these advancements came great tension and rivalry between the United States and the former Union
of Soviet Socialists Republic (USSR). The biggest rivalry between the two superpowers was the
advancement in space technology. In 1952, the International Geophysical Year (IGY) was
established in which scientists stated that in the time between July 1, 1957 and December 31, 1958,
solar activity would be at a high point. The IGY made it so that both the US and the USSR became
determined to be the first to reach space, and so the space race was born. During the space race, the
USSR made many launches that were very advanced and superior to the US. ... Show more content
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This launch was extraordinary because it put the first living mammal into space. "This satellite was
much heavier than Sputnik 1, having two cabins, one for the equipment and controls and another for
Laika, the dog. Laika's cabin provided her with oxygen, food, water and allowed the dog enough
room to lie down and stand"(Siddiqi). It was predicted that Laika would live for ten days, but due to
thermal problems inside the satellite she only survived for about two. At the time of Sputnik 2, there
was no mention of the US even trying to send any living organism into space because they were still
having trouble with regular satellite launches. This launch not only further emphasized the Soviet
Union's superiority to the United States, but it also provided scientists with the first data of a living
organism in space and foreshadowed the future in human space travel. By the anniversary of
Sputnik 1, it seemed like the United States were catching up to the Soviet Union in terms of
satellites launched. The US had now launched three Explorers and one Vanguard while the USSR
had launched three Sputniks. Although the US had launched more satellite than the USSR, Sputnik
1 weighed more than all four of the US satellites combined and Sputnik 3 weighed and astonishing
2,950 pounds. The three US launches couldn't compare to the Soviet Union's launches because the
Sputnik launches were so much more technologically advanced, once

Binary Data Analysis
Satellite sensors send bits of binary data to ground stations on Earth for processing into useful
meteorological and environmental information enabling enhanced decision making capabilities.
Thereby, preventing injuries and fatalities, preserving assets, and reducing time delays. Binary data
are comprised of zeroes and ones. One bit contains either a "0" or a "1". A single bit, in and of itself,
does not have a lot of value until it is used. The same is true of information. Information does not
have value until it is utilized.
Prior attempts to value information have used deterministic methods. However, these methods have
been less than successful. There tends to be a level of uncertainty associated with information, and
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This framework can be used to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of various types of data
sources in relation to other types of data sources. For instance, how does data from buoys
contributes to forecast accuracy versus data ingested from microwave, satellite sensors versus
measurements obtained from radio occultation sensors versus observations from sondes, etc. The
framework can be applied at the macro or micro–level. Although macro–level uses should be
considered a rough order of magnitude. It is important when doing comparisons that the data is
normalized at the lowest level possible (ideally bits) is used. Consistent, standardized data is
required for this type of analysis.
Dollarizing the results is optional. Pegging the results to a currency will provide a benchmark for
accessing the value of meteorological and environmental information enabling better valuation
assessments from source to source and program to program. The pegging can be altered as better
insights are gained from actual results. In this case, the data were pegged to a less volatile digital
currency. The currency is less stable than the dollar (currently), but then information downlinked
from satellites is less stable than the words printed in a book. The selected digital currency has been
tested as a valid method for transmitting data and conducting transactions. In addition, pegging to a

One Giant Lie for Mankind: Was the Moon Landing a Hoax?
"That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind," is one of the most recognized quotes by
Neil Armstrong as he was taking the first human steps on the moon. But was he actually on the
moon? Some would say that on July 20, 1969, man did not make it to the moon and Neil Armstrong
and Edwin Aldrin never touched the lunar surface of the moon. The explanation is that the
government faked the landing and moon walk somehow. Why fake the moon landing though? This
was a momentous time in American history and it could be a lie. If it is a lie there are many
questions that could be asked such as why lie about it, what proof is there that says there was not a
moon landing, and how would the travel in space and landing have been faked? ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
NASA created Project Mercury which was a small space capsule and rocket. Only astronauts less
than 5' 11" could ride in these capsules and it was still a tight fit. Astronauts said that the "Mercury
capsule was not something you climbed into– it was something you put on," that is how small they
were." The Mercury rockets were not very safe, only having 40 percent of the launched rockets get
into orbit but they later improved. These rockets improved enough to send a chimpanzee named
Ham into orbit. More improvements came along and Project Mercury later had Alan B. Shepard
make, "a short suborbital flight in a Mercury capsule and became the first American astronaut to
enter space," on May 5, 1961. There were problems before the launch that delayed it a couple hours
but during it Shepard peed in his pants! Sending Shepard to space was a great jump for America but
Russia, one month before, sent Yuri Gagarin to space to be the first person to orbit the Earth one
time. Even though America sent the second man to space, it showed that they were catching up to
Russia. A couple weeks after Shepard landed back on Earth, President John F. Kennedy gave a
speech saying:
"Now it is time to take longer strides– time for a great new American enterprise– time for this nation
to take a clearly leading role in space achievement which in many ways may hold the key to our
future on earth... I believe that

Essay about Aint'
Network Fundamentals | Question | ID | Correct Answer | 13. MC: ____ operating systems provide
network control and include special functions for connecting computers and other devices.
A . Client
B . LAN
C . Server
D . WAN | 449244 |
C . Server | 14. MC: A(n) ____ is hardware (a computer) that can be used to share mail, databases,
and more.
A . client
B . server
C . operating system
D . router | 449242 |
B . server | 15. MC: A(n) _____ is a description of the rules computers must follow to facilitate
device identification and data transfer.
A . switch
B . extranet
C . POTS
D . protocol | 449249 |
D . protocol | 16. MC: A(n) _____ network limits its accessibility to only authorized users.
A . ISP
B ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
IP address
C . operating system
D . gateway | 449254 |
B . IP address | 24. MC: Simon tells the board that he set up a(n) _____ for employees so they can
access work files from home.
A . proxy server
B . firewall
C . Virtual Private Network
D . Integrated Services Digital Network | 449253 |
C . Virtual Private Network | 25. MC: Which of the following is NOT a classification type for a
network?
A . client/server
B . peer–to–peer
C . intranet

D . gateway | 449245 |
D . gateway | 26. MC: Which of the following is NOT a type of server operating system?
A . Microsoft Windows
B . Mac OS X
C . Adobe Dreamweaver
D . Linux | 449243 |
C . Adobe Dreamweaver | 27. MC: Which of the following is NOT an example of malicious code?
A . Trojan horses
B . worms
C . hackers
D . spyware | 449240 |
C . hackers | 28. MC: Which of the following is NOT true about connecting to the Internet?
A . A cable modem uses the same type of cable as used for cable TV.
B . The bandwidth is much greater with a cable modem than with a dial–up modem.
C . Broadband over Powerline (BPL) is one way to access the Internet.
D . A DSL modem can transmit data, but not voice. | 449250 |
D . A DSL modem can transmit data, but not voice. | 29. MC: Which of the following is NOT true
about network risks?
A . As data flows through a number of networks, computers are vulnerable to unauthorized access.
B . Malware can cause equipment malfunctions

Geostationary Satellite Essay
Optimizing the Bands in Geostationary Satellite Internet When it comes to each of the three main
bands, the Ka band, the Ku band, and the L band, we know that since they have a range of different
frequencies, they can therefore be optimized to work more efficiently. This can be done by three
other important characteristics. These would be bandwidth, the power of the signals used, and the
quality of the data transmission. The bandwidth can be utilized where there is currently outdated
hardware such as the modem or the receiver on a ground satellite or a geostationary satellite. When
it comes to the power of the signal, this can be increased which would help in the sending and
receiving of data. Finally, to improve the quality of the data, ... Show more content on
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Geostationary Satellite Internet Airline speed
On the flip side, the satellite internet provided in airlines is still slower than what the wired
counterpart offers. This was apparent in 2008 when one of the first Wi–Fi's used on an airline had an
initial speed of 3 Mb which worked for that time. However, with the current technology of smart
phones and tablets, the demand for greater speeds is needed in order for passengers to be able to use
these devices efficiently. Today, speeds for geostationary satellite internet on airlines are around 12
Mbps, which is better than before but, still not as quick as wired internet. The price of the
geostationary satellite internet is still increasing but this is mainly due to the hardware associated
with having a stable connection. This is including but not limited to the antennas that increase the
drag and this in turn increases fuel costs for airlines. Adding on engineering costs along with
maintenance, these add up which the passengers of the airlines end up paying extra for ("How does
in–flight Wi–Fi work?," 2017).
Geostationary Satellite Internet and Portability
Users who are in certain organizations such as the Red Cross rely on an internet connect for GPS
and accessing the World Wide Web. Thanks to current advances in technology for geostationary
satellite internet, these organization can use a

We Can Put A Man On The Moon, But Why Can 't We Make...
We Can Put a Man on the Moon, but Why Can't We Make Killer Robot Police?
In the recent past, NASA has been doing excellent and outstanding things in the outer space. The
media has hyped the show and depicted NASA as a genius (Frederick). Most people would say that
the operations of NASA are exhilarating, but in my opinion, I am left flabbergasted! Could the skills
used to put a man on the moon be duplicated to improve the state of life for humans? Can't they
decide to invent robots that will play an essential role to curb the rising insecurities? NASA
commitments and objectives just boil my blood. Personally, I am not moved by NASA creativity
and innovation because I would want to see better things from NASA. I imply that the government
could support NASA to land a man on the moon; however, we can't make a deadly robot police that
will protect people from theft, terrorism, drug trafficking, or any other illegal activities. What type
of concerns are we putting ahead in such a nation? In this paper, I will address our concerns
regarding why we have the capability of putting a man on the moon, but we can't make killer robot
police.
Lately, newspapers articles have been talking about the problem of truancy among high school
students. This has affected their academic performance because teachers and parents are yet to find
the best solution to this problem. Nonetheless, I obtained information in the New York Times
Newspaper that the United States government has an expenditure

Copper Cable versus Fiber Optics
Copper Cable (Ethernet) versus fiber optics
The topic we picked to do our presentation on is fiber optics versus cable, which is better for a
company use and what are the future prospects of fiber optics and cable. We also talked about the
history of DSL, broadband, fiber optics, and dial–up. There are both pros and cons with fiber optics
and copper cable. The main point for our research is which would companies choose. During our
research there was many obstacles because it was hard to say why companies would choose fiber
optics or copper cable because it varies from company to company. The start of our research had to
be choosing to talk about the history by showing where it all came from.
History:
The research method we used was the internet and it provided us with relevant, interesting
information. When we started our research we wanted to focus on the history of DSL, dial–up,
Broadband, and fiber optics. Starting with dial–up, it was created in 1962 by Bell with speeds
reaching 300 bits per second. dial–up evolved over years into standard 56k modem in about 1996 by
Dr. Brent Townshend. Next, DSL was invented in 1988 by Bellcore, DSL was revolutionary because
it proved that data and phone could be sent at the same time using the same line. The next is
Broadband it was created in 1996 by Roger Communications. Broadband is currently the most
widely used way to transport data. It was used in 70% of homes in the US. Last we talked about the
history of fiber

The Electric Telegraph Invented By Samuel Morse
One of the earliest inventions of communication was the electric telegraph invented by Samuel
Morse. This device used electrical signals to transmit messages. The telegraph played a significant
role in transmitting messages over long spaces. Its usage was in Law enforcement, army and
newspapers. Even so, anyone could post messages using a telegram via a service. Today, there are
roughly three principal methods of measuring the velocity of data contagion. Baud rate (signaling
events per minute), BPS (bits per Sec) and CPS (characters per minute). The fact is, today the baud
rate has been substituted with a more precise unit of measurement.
Telephones are most mutual and are ground in almost every home and organizations. Telephones
worked by using a PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network). This is where copper wires carry
an analogue voice signal. Analogue means a device or organization in which the value of a data
point represented by a continuously varying physical quantity which can be quantified. An example
is a watch that shows time with hands on a dial rather than numbers on an LCD screen. In an
analogue telephone system, the audio signal is converted into electronic pulses. This creates
vibrations in the handset's speaker that can be picked up by the person listening.
Nevertheless, in a digital telephone. The audio signal is converted into binary format. The binary
format consists of groups of 0's and 1's. The audio signal is 'sampled' thousands of times a second
and

Essay The Sputnik Launch
The world has experienced very many huge moments, such big moments in which sometimes you
don't think it's really happening. October 4, 1957, was one of those days. Because that was the day
the world changed forever and there was no turning back. It was the day of the Sputnik launch.
Sputnik was a Soviet satellite that orbited in the earth's rotation 500 miles above the earth and
traveling at about 18,000 mph. It took approximately 98 minutes for it to rotate the earth which
meant it passed the United States seven times a day. It looked like it was from a whole another
world or out of a movie or a fantasy story. It consisted of a ball with four stem like structures
coming out and pointing down at the ground. The ball like structure ... Show more content on
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The launch of the Sputnik had such a big impact on America because "America thought of
themselves as the world's technological leaders" (Richerme 35). Also "the Soviets, after all, were
not supposed to be good at technology" (DeGroot 3). This scared America and brought them into a
big crisis or as some call a race. This race was known as the space race and it was a very long and
twisted path that it bared on its shoulders. Now that after America and the Soviet Union where both
partaking in the space race they both had suspicions about each other. Eisenhower, on the other
hand, saw satellites as "pointless unless they provided something useful back on Earth" (DeGroot
5). " A spy satellite, on the other hand, could provide accurate pictures of Soviet military
capabilities, thus enabling the United States to spend its defense budget wisely, without wasting
huge sums on challenging phantom forces" (DeGroot 5). America was worried about the Soviets
spying on America because of security issues so America wanted to pursue on building themselves a
satellite to "provide accurate pictures of Soviet military capabilities" (DeGroot 5). The only problem
was that " Flying over another nation's territory without permission was, however, illegal under
international law. What was not clear was whether the law applied to satellites" (DeGroot 5).
America and the Soviets were in a battle to see which world power could be the best. The

The Physics Of Satellites Orbiting Earth
Satellites orbiting earth will experience external perturbations that can affect the orbit. The primary
force acting on the satellite depends on the altitude of the orbit. The most significant effect is caused
by atmospheric drag which affects satellites in low earth orbit. Outside of low earth orbit, satellites
still experience external forces that could change the orbit however unlike atmospheric drag, the
orbit altitude will not necessarily decrease. In addition to atmospheric drag, satellites are subject to
thermal drag and gravity perturbations.
Atmospheric Drag: (Author: Emma)
Atmospheric drag effects all spacecraft orbiting earth below 2,000 km, producing both short
periodic and slow perturbations. It is the is the largest source of error in modeling the force on many
satellites because it is difficult to predict [2]. Atmospheric drag is caused by the collisions of gas
molecules with the spacecraft. Over time, the collisions start to decay the orbit. Demonstrating a
positive feedback effect, where drag decreases the orbital altitude where the density is greater which
produces more drag which then decays quicker. Factors that influence drag are the atmospheric drag
surrounding the spacecraft, as well as the spacecrafts drag coefficient, area, mass and velocity [1].
The atmospheric density is not constant and changes with solar activity. The solar magnetic activity
cycle is the periodic change in the sun 's activity that lasts around 11 years. During solar maximum,

Analysis Of The Film Gravity
I want to start by recognizing that in my earlier film papers I have made the mistake of summarizing
all of the science in each of the films from start to finish. By doing so my paper essentially became a
summary of the film rather than an explanation of the science found within it. To avoid repeating
these mistakes I would like to focus on a few scientific concepts that I found interesting in this film,
Gravity. The first, and likely most obvious is the concept of surviving in space. Second, the concept
of floating freely in space. Third, the concept of decomposition in the zero–gravity atmosphere of
space. And fourth, the part of the movie where lieutenant Kowalski propels himself with a fire
extinguisher. I believe that Isaac Newton's three laws can help me to explain these concepts. Gravity
was a thrilling film that showed a situation in which astronauts were stranded in space without a
spacecraft or any means of communication. The surviving astronauts had to fight for their lives in
theoretically hardly survivable and unlivable conditions. The main dilemma, and theme of the entire
film, was the destruction of the International Space Station (ISS) and most of the astronauts on
board. Russia launched a missile into space to destroy one of their satellites. This turned into a
problem when the launch was successful, but the target was missed and the mission failed. Debris
was left spiraling through space at a rapid pace. Dr. Ryan Stone survived the destruction along with

Comcast Research Paper
Comcast Corporation is the nation's leading provider of cable, entertainment and communications
products and services, with 24.1 million cable customers, 12.4 million high–speed Internet
customers and 3.5 million voice customers. Comcast is principally involved in the development,
management and operation of broadband cable networks and in the delivery of programming
content.
Comcast provides a wide variety of consumer products and services:
• Video – Comcast is the nation's largest video provider, offering interactive services packed with
the best content on Digital Cable, video on demand and high–definition television.
• Online – Comcast offers the best content, reliable service and faster speeds.
• Voice – Comcast's IP–enabled ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
e. Overview
Comcast started as a regional provider and grew to the largest cable provider in the United States.
Comcast focused on obtaining new customers with the latest technology. Comcast competes in the
cable industry which provides some monopolistic protection by limiting direct competition.
Comcast faces competition from competing technologies such as satellite providers. Comcast has
diversified its portfolio by acquiring television networks, such as E! Entertainment Television. This
is a small market of its profit. In addition to television networks, Comcast is offering new products,
such as pay–per–view, video on demand and Internet access, some of which cannot be offered by
satellite providers. Comcast is a telecommunications provider able to provide phone and Internet
service also cable television. Comcast is headquartered in Philadelphia, PA. Comcast has 90,000
employees in the company. Seventy–five thousand employees are in the cable side and fifteen
thousand employees in other areas of the business.
Key Statistics:
• Revenue: $7.8 billion
• Operating Income: $1.39 billion
• Net Income: $560 million
• Video Subscriptions: 65k net loss
• Internet Subscriptions: 450k net adds
• Digital Phone Subscriptions: 662k net adds
2. Company Analysis
Comcast reported in October 25, 2007 press conference that growth is slowing, they did miss many
operational expectations. But the revenue growth for Comcast is solid, and customers are spending

Essay about Tuscany disaster plans
Identify the functions of a CSU and DSU. How are they used in a corporate environment?
I like to think of a CSU/DSU(Channel service and Data service unit) as something similar to a
modem. In general Dial–up or DSL service a modem is required to convert digital signals to analog
and vice versa. A CSU/DSU acts in the same way. The CSU/DSU converts the digital data frames
that local area networks (LAN) uses into a frame a wide–area network (WAN) uses and just like the
modem it will change the frames back to go the other direction across the network.
Within the cooperate environment CSU/DSU are very useful. Most large corporations have moved
away from general DSL/cable internet and have moved to dedicated circuit lines such as T–1 or ...
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ISDN also has the ability to lower the internet speed when an incoming call comes in to ensure the
quality of the call is unaffected by you surfing at the same time. Finally with ISDN telephone calls
actually become clearer then use of just the telephone line. This is due to the fact that the ISDN
modem makes the segment (links the customer to the exchange) digital thus making the entire
phone line digital and increases the quality of the call.
What are some of the greatest security risks to a WAN? Provide an example of one risk and discuss
the potential consequences and possible precautions.
In my opinion the biggest security risk in a WAN is something that no one really ever thinks about
and is the one exploited more then all of the other risks combined. That risk is the user. The user on
the network is the greatest risk a network could undergo. I have always been told in my security
department that your network is only as safe as the weakest user on the network. The user is the
easiest part of the network to exploit because it is easier to trick a person then it is to trick a
machine. For example phishing scams from emails or WebPages steal user credentials every day.
People believe if it has your networks logo on it that it is from your network. Another easy exploit
on the user is Social Engineering. I have seen this actually happen in my

The Cold War Era Essay example
The Cold War Era
Works Cited Missing
The late 1940s to the mid 1980s the American society saw what could quite possibly be titled the
biggest technological effect on society. This era, The Cold War, was a period in which fear of attack
or invasion and a need to be superior reigned in the American society. It led to the development of
space technology, during the Space Race, communication systems, and military technology in what
has been appropriately deemed the Arms Race.
On October 4, 1957 [1] a huge change concerning technology in society occurred. On this date, the
United Soviet Socialists Republic (USSR) launched Sputnik into outer space. The launch of Sputnik
instilled a fear in the American society and an urgent call ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
NASA was not engineering in a new field; the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
(NACA) and other government organizations had been working on the idea of space flight. These
organizations were subsequently pulled into NASA upon its creation. [3] The main focus became
developing technology that was steady enough and strong enough to support human life in space.
The act of simply launching a rocket into space had been achieved over ten years before when Nazi
Germany launched its first successful V–2 rocket in October 1942. The V–2 (Vengeance Weapon 2)
rocket was built to shoot warheads at targets from a long range. [4]
With the disastrous ability of the V–2 in mind, when Sputnik was launched, the fear of ICBMs
(Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles) became a very prevalent part of American society. Families built
bomb shelters in their backyards and stocked them with non–perishable goods to help them sustain
life if they were ever attacked. Students and employees practiced air raid drills by crawling under
desks and tables. An imminent fear of attack hung heavily in the air causing such historical events as
the Bay of Pigs and the Cuban Missile Crisis. The entire era of the Cold War was spurred by a fear
of the technology that the opposing country (either Russia or America) possessed; thus, the obvious
effect of technology on the society of the times.
The Cold War Era was not an era that revolved entirely around fear

Space Debris : A New Habitable Planet Has Brought Adam And...
Man Hok (Felix) Yeung
ESS 102 AD
23 October 2014
Sci–Fi Paper Synopsis A mission to find a new habitable planet has brought Adam and his whole
team into space. With 11 billion people waiting back home, this team of six astronauts will leave
their homeland in search for a new place to call their home. On this mission, Adam's crew will
encounter countless obstacles, fascinating sights, and shocking new discoveries. Their first problem
is the large amounts of space debris blocking their way. Will they successfully find a new home?
Will all of them come back alive?
Space Debris – Problems and Solutions Earth is constantly haunted by problems like contaminated
water, growing deforestation, and excessive greenhouse gasses, but the pollutant ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Their size can range from a few meters to hundreds of kilometers. Meteoroids, on the other hand,
are very small. They are tiny fragments of rocks and dusts (Coffey 2009). The artificial part of space
debris is made of fragments and pieces of man–made items. There are many kinds of debris orbiting
the Earth, for example, rocket parts that are detached after certain stages of launching, broken or
dysfunctional satellites, and even fragments or small parts from other machinery that was launched
into space. All of these man–made fragments orbit the Earth, so they are often called orbital debris
(NASA 2012).
Orbital debris is a very dangerous thing. Not only is it creating many problems for scientist, it is also
growing every day. A series of photos on a document published by NASA (2009), called The Threat
of Orbital Debris and Protecting NASA Space Assets from Satellite Collisions, shows the growth of
orbital debris from 1960 to 2009. These images show just how much debris the Cold Wars has
generated. Because of this war, the interest in space and space exploration was spread throughout
humanity. This spike of interest caused many satellites and rockets to be launched into space and
abandoned after they are out of service (Glassman 2009). One of the major contributors to orbital
debris is China. In 2007, the Chinese decided to test–launch an anti–satellite missile to destroy a
weather satellite of theirs. Their missile

DSL or Cable Essay
DSL or Cable
Everyday there are millions of people connecting to the Internet. The Internet is made up of
networks of computers linked together around the world where people can chat, shop, instant
message, and e–mail each other. With so many people connecting one might wonder how all of
these millions of people are connecting to the Internet. There are many different options for people
to use to connect to the Internet, such as dial–up, DSL, Cable, and Satellite. Dial–up internet
connection uses the telephone line; this is the oldest connection that has been around since the
1990's. The newest type of connection would be the satellite connection, which is not very popular
right now because of the high cost. The two most popular ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
There are other types of DSL such as Very high bit, symmetric, and rate– adaptive DSL. The very
high bit–rate is used for short distances, but is very fast. The symmetric DSL does not let you use
the Internet and the phone at the same time. So for home users, symmetric is not the best choice for
DSL. The rate–adaptive DSL is similar to asymmetric DSL, but can adjust the speed depending on
the length of the phone line. There are many different types of DSL that homes users can chose
from, but the best choice for home users is clearly asymmetric.
Cable
As the name Cable might suggest this connection uses a television cable to connect to the Internet.
As with asymmetric DSL, the Cable Internet connection shares the coaxial line with the television
signal. Cable TV works by giving each TV station a 6– megahertz piece of the radio spectrum. "The
Radio signals travel through the air at a speed very close to the speed of light. In a coaxial cable like
the one that brings CATV signals to your house, radio signals travel at about two–thirds the speed of
light" (www.howstuffworks.com). Cable Television offers 91 channels that take up 550 MHZ of the
bandwidth (radio spectrum). Many cable companies today are using fiber optic cables to provide
cable TV because it can serve 500 householders with just ONE optic fiber. Now that we know how
both DSL and Cable Internet works, you might be asking what devices do these

The Current Methods Used For Extra Terrestrial Intelligence
DISCUSS THE CURRENT METHODS USED TO SEARCH FOR EXTRA–TERRESTRIAL
INTELLIGENCE, SUCH AS RADIOTELESCOPES AND SPACE PROBES. GIVE YOUR
OPINION ON HOW LIKELY IT IS THAT LIFE WILL BE DISCOVERED AND GIVE
EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT YOUR ANSWER.
WHAT IS EXTRA–TELESTRIAL INTELLIGENCE?
Extra–terrestrial Intelligence can be abbreviated to ETI, which asks the question; 'Are we alone in
this universe?' ETI is life discovered beyond Earth, not organisms that humans sent to space.
Scientifically, extra–terrestrial life may be titled; xenobiology, exobiology or astrobiology.
SATELLITES
Satellites are objects placed into orbit around celestial objects such as, planets or stars. Artificial
satellites collect information about a terrestrial object and send it to ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This allows communication satellites to remain in the same position in relation to the ground.
– Inclined orbit: An inclined satellite passes over a different part of the planet each orbit.
– Polar orbit: A polar orbit passes over the north and south poles each orbit crossing various places
in the equator each orbit.
– Elliptical orbit: An elliptical orbit has no specific speed or distance, it depends on the apogee
(furthest distance away) and perigee (closest to the surface).
The first artificial satellite was Sputnik 1, and satellites have continued to be launched since 1957.
Sputnik 1 was a small aluminium ball with four antennas attached, although modern ETI's have
more complex bodies they are still designed following the same basic structure. With
experimentation, these bodies have been designed to be as strong and light as possible with the same
essential uses. There is a platform named a bus inside satellites which has; antennas, solar arrays
and payload instruments attached. It also contains batteries, computers and thrusters. Satellites have
large panels attached as they have to charge themselves, these arrays can be tilted to allow for the
most amount of sunlight possible. If the satellite drifts into shade rechargeable batteries become the
new power source.
SPACE PROBES
A space probe is a robotic spacecraft that exits Earth to explore space. Probes

It 282 Troubleshooting Installation
Troubleshooting Installation
IT 282
February 27, 2011
Axia College Material
Appendix C
Troubleshooting Installation
A computer technician must be familiar with troubleshooting different operating system issues.
Complete the following activity by reading the scenarios and providing appropriate solutions.
Scenario One
As a support technician for a small company, your job is to support the PCs and their users, the
employees. Ben, a coworker, comes to you with a problem. For some reason, Windows XP is not
booting correctly on his computer. Ben is worried, because he has many important data files in
several locations on the hard drive. He does not know which files are located in which folders. Ben
is also worried about ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This means all those important files will be lost, but it will make the computer work again. This can
be done by booting from the XP CD, which is necessary because we 're about to strip the hard disk
of everything on it and it won 't be able to boot. Follow the instructions on the screen until the
partition list comes up. For this, you want to delete the partition that has the old XP installation on
it. Select it, and press D for delete. Press L to confirm, and it will go away. Now we need a new
partition, so select the unpartitioned space and press C. Tell it how much of the space you want to
use, or just hit enter for all of it. Next we can choose to format it with NTSF system with either
Quick or Full options, and after that it will get into setting up the XP files. This will be a completely
fresh setup, so any other data will have to be reinstalled; drivers and other files.
Scenario Two
A friend of yours, Craig, recently upgraded his Windows 2000 software to Windows XP. Following
the installation, Craig attempted to connect to the Internet using his dial–up modem but has been

unsuccessful. He tells you that it seems as if the modem refuses to work, and he asks you for help.
He tells you the 56K modem came installed in the original PC. Plan your troubleshooting approach
by completing the following:
* Create a list of questions you would need to ask Craig to correctly

Characteristics Of Puan Chan Cheong
Puan Chan Cheong can be defined as a great leader. When he was young age, he used to have a
vision and curiosity about wireless technology and the boundless potential that can have on the
internet. After he graduated, he continues to pursue his dream and became the founder of Green
Packet Inc in Silicon Valley in the United States. After the tragedy of the dotcom crash, he decided
to move back to his motherland Malaysia and set up Green Packet Bhd. He got the vision that
helped him take the lead as the developer of Next Generation mobile broadband and networking
solutions. Furthermore, he also introduces the 4G WiMAX (Top 10 of Malaysia, 2013).
Before he became a successful leader, he also faced a lot of difficulties. He is also human and do
face challenges in life too. However, he treats challengers as training for him and understand that
challenges in journey life make him stronger and is a necessity for him to be successful (Star
Publications (M) Bhd, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Also, he had a strong believe that it is darkest just before the dawn. This made him what he is now
and became a millionaire at 25 (The Edge Communications Sdn Bhd, 2009). Puan Chan Cheong has
face many obstacles but keep on find alternatives and treat challengers in journey life as training to
himself to make him stronger and a successful technopreneur (Star Publications (M) Bhd, 2014).
2) Persistent
Puan Chan Cheong is a persistent person and this can be seen when he is still young, in order to
break free from insufficiency, he studied hard to make himself as a top student during his education.
Also, he didn't give up his vision and mission when he faced the tragedy of the dotcom crash, he
found a solution to continue his dream by moving back to his motherland and set up Green Packet
(P1 e–social, 2014).
3) Risk

Government Funded Versus Privately Funded Human Life
Introduction to Government Funded Versus Privately Funded Human Spaceflight
Getting into space isn 't easy. It required the world 's largest superpowers and billions of dollars of
research and development to create the first rockets capable of carrying human beings into space.
Approximately 60 years later, we find ourselves still struggling to reach LEO (low–Earth Orbit)
without breaking the bank. With the retirement of the Space Shuttle in 2011, the United States has
lost its only dedicated vehicle capable sending astronauts and payloads into orbit. Relying on the
Russian Soyuz vehicle for our missions, the price of sending people into space has continued to be
astronomical. America needs a new line of cheaper rockets to fit the demand of future missions, and
what role the government should play in this expensive development process is a complicated
debate which affects many people. We 're paying too much to go to space. NASA typically contracts
out launch vehicles from private companies for their launch needs, and historically they have almost
always gone to the United Launch Alliance (a joint venture between Lockheed and Boeing). Up
until recently, they have been one of the only organizations capable of sending cargo to both low–
Earth orbit and geosynchronous orbit (an orbit which matches the trajectory of the craft with the
rotation of the Earth). As a result, a monopoly has been created, and the price of sending anything
into space costs a ridiculous amount of money.

Save Baby Girl
"Daughter is the knot that ties the family together". "A baby girl..one of the most beautiful miracles
in life, one of the greatest joys we can ever know,& one of the reasons why there is a extra
sunshine, laughter and happiness in our life today." In many traditional cultures, fathers and mothers
would pray for a boy who would be able to help in the field. In these cultures, the value of daughter
was not understood. A father has a special relationship with his daughter as she will judge all men
by his standard. A mother's task is to show her daughter the complex task of growing into a woman.
We no longer live in an agricultural society and woman are free to accomplish intellectually and
occupationally what they couldn't in the past. A ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Man is God's best creation. His intelligence and thirst for knowledge has led him to explore even the
impossible. The exploration of space by man is an example of his thirst for knowledge and desire
for adventure. This is also one of the greatest achievements of man. Space contains the whole
universe including all the planets, the sun, the moon and the stars. The limit where the earth's
atmosphere ends is called outer space. Yuri Gagarin of Russia in 1961, became the first man to go
into space. He circled the earth in 108 minutes and returned safely. Later, in 1963, Valentina
Tereshkova became the first women to go into space. She stayed in orbit for 5 days and returned
safely to the earth. In 1969, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin of America became the first men to
land on the moon. They reached the moon on board the spaceship Apollo–11 and spent 21 hours on
its surface. They collected rock and soil samples and returned safely to the earth. As time went on,
many successful attempts were undertaken. Rakesh Sharma was the first Indian to be sent to space.
Satellites and spacecrafts have been launched for various purposes. The atmosphere in space is used
for television programmes, radio broadcasts, telecommunication, etc. Satellites provide advanced
disaster warning and help to forecast the weather. Distance educational programmes, natural
resources management, etc. are controlled by satellites. Space research can help us to find the origin
of the

Review Of ' The Sci Fi
Ben Moulton
Erika Harnett
ESS 102 AA
15 Apr. 2016
Deadly Debris Humans tend to think of space as infinite, that is true as far as we can tell, however
the space around Earth is not infinite. After the Space race began in the late 1950's countries began
sending satellites into space for various purposes. Today these Satellites are very important to
everyday life, but there is a looming problem that has often been overlooked. Low Earth orbit,
where most satellites and spacecraft are located is filled with the remains of many old and decaying
satellites. Space debris is very dangerous for any human or structure in space and could eventually
make low Earth orbit too hazardous to ever use again. The Sci–Fi paper I am currently working on
is a story about a group of astronauts in the near future who are returning from mining an asteroid.
In this story it is much like the moon landings in that people were very intrigued at first but have
lost interest now. These are just routine missions that hardly anyone knows or cares about. This all
changes however when two satellites in high orbit on Earth collide, one being a communication
satellite with the astronauts. The unaware astronauts, now returning to Earth, have no idea what is
hurtling toward them at 15,000 miles an hour. NASA is unable to reestablish communication
quickly enough and the craft is hit. Now adrift in space the astronauts struggle to survive in the most
hostile environment for humans. There are over five hundred

The Space Of Space Exploration
Space exploration has opened up so many new aspects to what is really out there and we have
accomplished many things in terms of discovery and proof. There are issues involved with space
exploration, though, such as space debris, astronaut safety, and the theory of space exploration really
being a mission to find an alternative livable space if Earth ever becomes uninhabitable.
Understanding the real reasons why we are going to such great lengths to find life in space could
change the outlook on our future. For a long time, our endeavors in space exploration were based
purely in the name of science. When we made our first accomplishments, we made history. One of
our most historical accomplishments was NASA's mission to the moon. Buzz Aldrin was a lunar
module pilot on the spaceflight Apollo 11 in 1969. He went alongside Neil Armstrong as the second
man in history to step foot on the moon. In his 2013 article in Astronomy, Buzz states, "Looking at
Earth from that perspective, everything I knew and loved lay suspended overhead, residing on a
small, fragile, bright blue sphere engulfed by the blackness of space" (p.24). This sight that he
explained not only changed his perspective, but brought unspeakable awe to humanity's front door
and changed our entire view of Earth. From that moment when these men landed on the moon, and
we saw our home from that distance, history was made. The successful outcome of this mission
opened up a whole new set of possibilities into the

What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Online Learning
During our research, we found that many Sites consider online learning and online training are
similar, and some online learning Sites involve online testing. Also, we find some Site provide
online evaluation for WebPages. Thus, through this section, we will discuss some experiences of
universities or schools that do this technology for their students and other English Sites provide
these services for all people. So, we will see their experiences, the elements and technologies used,
and advantages and disadvantages of using online learning, training, testing and evaluation for
trying to make it popular.
1.2.1 Online Learning Experience
Canada has started the project of using Internet for education in 1993, when some students of one of
Canadian ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Students are required to have the appropriate software. The University recommends Microsoft
Office (Word, Excel and PowerPoint). If you choose to use other software, such as Corel
(WordPerfect), it is your responsibility to purchase translator programs so that your professor and
classmates can access and read your documents.
7. It is also a good idea to download several "plug–ins." Plug–ins are software programs, usually
available for free, that extend the capabilities of your browser. For example, some plug–ins allow
you to play audio or view video clips from within your browser. Some of the plug–ins you might
need are: Adobe Reader, Macromedia Flash Player and Quick time [11].
The other example is KFUPM –King Fahad University of Petroleum and Minerals. It uses WebCT
which is a Web–based course management system that allows faculty to create Web Sites for
courses that enhance or deliver course instruction. Students enrolled in courses supported with
WebCT have access to support materials posted by the instructor (using syllabi and assignments),
links to Web–based materials, discussion boards and chat rooms, and online quizzes. Each instructor
customizes WebCT for his or her course, using a variety of "tools" as mentioned above

Future Human Space Exploration And Operations
Asteroids will provide the means to transform future human space exploration and operations in to
large scale activities. They will first provide a rich source of minerals and material for initial
economic expansion and concurrently providing platforms for operations and manufacturing.
Eventually, asteroids could be used as space vehicles to move humans across and possibly beyond
the solar system effectively becoming mobile bases of operations and even space colonies. The only
significant limitations for this future growth are technological capability and legal ambiguity for
large scale human space activity. For any space activity to overcome its limitations and get off the
ground, the activity must generate a great deal of interest.
Asteroids have long been of high interest to the scientific community to help answer many early
solar system mysteries. However, industrialists such as Deep Space Industries have taken an interest
in these objects as well1. They are already creating companies to attempt mining some of these
objects. Upon close inspection the composition of asteroids relative to Earth something amazing
appears. Asteroids contain as much or orders of magnitude more than the Earth critical materials
needed to create a thriving economy2. This explains the interest in space industrialists particularly
when considering our current capability for creating spacecraft.
Current space launches can be prohibitively expensive and dangerous. The cost per pound has
always been

Network Design
Running head:PROJECT #3
Unit #3 Individual Project – Network Design For Champions, Inc.
Travis Lee Thompson
ITCO103–1201A–05
American International University
Table Of Contents
Network Architecture/Model ........................................................................................ Page 3
Star Network Topology (before the donation) .............................................................. Page 5
Star Network Topology (after the donation) ................................................................. Page 6
Advantages of the Star Network Design ....................................................................... Page 7
Disadvantages of the Star Network Design ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2. Star Network Topology (before the donation)
[pic]
3. Star Network Topology (after the donation)
[pic]
4. Advantages of the Star Network Design
It is the most cost effective strategy for "cash–strapped" businesses with no special emphasis on
security. Sometimes the cheapest design doesn't always translate into the easiest design. In this case,
the translation is a success. The hub will serve as the intermediary between the computers and the
internet (via cable modem). Also, in this case, easy design also translate into easy troubleshooting of
any network problem. The star network allows troubleshooters to isolate issues on the network
instead of taking the entire local network offline. Moreover, the star network implies direct data
flow from the computers (via hub) to the internet instead of the data flowing through the nodes first.
Hence, speed is a benefit of such a network. In addition, because of the direct data flow
methodology (nodes–to–hub–to–modem–to–internet–and–vice–versa), the data is safe. Finally, the
star network allows for expansion of nodes, hubs, and gateways without losing any of the networks
advantages listed on this page. The owner plans to eventually add 7 more computers to the network.
My recommendation is to purchase an additional hub to manage the 7 additional computers. Also,

an additional modem is needed for load balancing purposes.
5. Disadvantages of a Star Network Design
The

Detailed Design Process
Design
Preliminary Design Model [Placeholder]
Tradeoff Approach Though an ultimate and extravagant system is desired for Kudler Fine Foods'
Frequent Shopper Program, it is likely that some tradeoffs will have to be made to ensure that the
project remains feasible for the company. In designing the Frequent Shopper Program for Kudler
Fine Foods, it is important to consider certain tradeoffs of the project, in terms of costs, the schedule
of the project, and the performance of the system, regardless of which approach is chosen
(University of Phoenix, 2012). However, each approach that could be used for the system's design
must include mandatory requirements and comply with all laws, regulations, and guidelines for
financial information, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
* The Encinita store will be equipped with a network server. * The three locations will need to
upgrade their 56k modems to DSL, Cable, or T1 connections, in order for the new program to work
effectively. * There program will require a centralized database rather than having data stored at
each location, so that customer data can be compiled and verified. This will eliminate the
duplication of work. * The provision of barcoded program cards that will allow for the tracking of
items purchased and program points at the POS system and online.
Diagram 1
(Apollo Group, 2011i). Retrieved December 8, 2012, from:
https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/cist/vop/Business/Kudler2/intranet/networks–lajolla.asp
Diagram 2
(Apollo Group, 2011j). Retrieved December 8, 2012, from:
https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/cist/vop/Business/Kudler2/intranet/networks–encinitas.asp
Networks. The network is a key stakeholder within the design process. The purpose of any network
is to ensure that information gets from one point to another, securely. A primary server, among POS
devices, and access to external networks, are essential in this setup.
The Novell 4.11 server is a bit dated and the overall implementation has several issues. In

Nasa Announced The End Of The Shuttle Program
Introduction On April 28, 2001, the Russian Soyuz rocket blasted off from the Baikonur
Cosmodrome in central Kazakhstan carrying its cargo and crew to the International Space Station.
Unlike any previous mission, this time there was a new crew member on board. Dennis Tito, a
wealthy American businessman, was the first private citizen to go to space. He paid approximately
$20 million to the Russian space program for a seat to the ISS and back. This signaled to the world
that commercial spaceflight was a viable business, and there are people out there that are willing to
pay to experience it. NASA announced the end of the shuttle program in 2011, and in 2012 it
launched the final Space Shuttle mission. Commercial space flight took off soon after that as private
companies started up and began to fill the void left by the program. This is a rather new industry
focused mainly on transporting cargo to and from the International Space Station (ISS) but also on
sending astronauts and civilian travelers to space and putting satellites and other objects into orbit.
Currently there are 39 companies in this industry in the United States and these companies are not
publicly traded. Each of these companies are at different stages of development as they strive to
overcome the obstacles that in the way of commercial spaceflight. In recent years there has been
many advancement in the industry as each company focuses on different areas in this industry and
applies different

The Court Enforced Facebook's Terms Of Use And Based On A...
Professor Goldman blogged recently about a case involving Facebook where the court enforced
Facebook's terms of use and based on a venue clause in Facebook's terms transferred a dispute from
New York to California. The court delved into (and seemed to get bogged down in) the distinctions
between clickwrap and browsewrap agreements while eventually concluding that the plaintiff was
apprised of the terms (or should have been) so there was no reason not to enforce the contract.
Kwan v. Clearwire doesn't involve strictly online terms, but Clearwire was not so lucky. It botched
its terms of use (judging from the court's order it also botched its customer service efforts). End
result: it can't summarily move the dispute to arbitration and has to ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The Clearwire terms contained a class action waiver and an arbitration clause, and Clearwire sought
to have the dispute arbitrated pursuant to the Clearwire terms.
Brown signed up for a 14 day trial of Clearwire. She received a confirmation email from Clearwire
one week prior to receiving her modem. She tried to connect her modem but was unsuccessful, and
she alleged that she was not required to click any sort of acknowledgement before trying to connect
her modem. She called Clearwire to cancel her service, but was persuaded by Clearwire to renew
her trial period. Clearwire had a service technician check on Brown's modem. The technician
arrived while Brown was at work and Brown's roommate left the technician alone to try to get the
modem working. After the technician left, she tried to get the modem working, and it still would not
work properly. According to Brown, she discovered that "use of her microwave interfered with her
modem signal." She tried to cancel her service, and after going back and forth with Clewrwire,
Clearwire finally agreed that she could cancel her service. Clearwire sent her shipping labels to
return the modem, but according to her, by the time she received the shipping labels from Clearwire,
the labels had "expired." This prompted another round of back–and–forth with Clearwire's customer
service. Ultimately, she was able to return the modem to Clewarwire.
Reasonover's experience with Clearwire wasn't much better. She signed up

The Space Of Space Exploration
Introduction Since the beginning of the Space Race between the US and USSR, human civilization
began to step forward into a new era of space exploration. Numerous artificial objects were sent
onto the earth orbits for various purposes. Their existence brought human race a broader vision and
deeper understanding upon the outer space. However, many of them and parts remain in space.
Some were retired and deserted, and some shattered into pieces. More and more have realized
that,these out–of–control objects, are nowadays a big concern we cannot ignore for planning our
future space missions. This research paper will focus on the facts concerning the population and
danger due to the existence of space debris. Also, it will also introduce the current methods of taking
surveillance over these space junk and the effort made to reduce their number. Condition and
Growth of Current Space Debris Population NASA's Orbital Debris Program Office posted an
estimation on its website that 95%[ http://orbitaldebris.jsc.nasa.gov/photogallery/beehives.html
(cited 1/15/2015)] of the tracked earth orbit objects are space debris. They are out–numbered and
threatening our functioning spacecrafts and satellites in a way of taking space on earth orbits,
limiting our space projects in an invasive way. One of NASA's report indicates that the population
of the orbital debris estimated by NASA on LEO(Low Earth Orbit) has exceeded 300,000. Over
19,000 of them were tracked by Department of Defense's

Alternative Communication Systems... during disasters
4.
Alternative Communication Systems... during disasters
In Monsoon–2004, severe flood situations in the States of Assam and Bihar caused major
devastation. Many district head quarters got totally cut–off from the State head quarter and
neighboring districts due to submerged telephone exchanges or damaged cables and disrupted roads
and railways communication. In the worst affected districts the need for relief and rescue operation
could not be communicated to the State head quarters. Realizing this, State
Government requested National Disaster Management Division of the Government of India to
immediately send the emergency coordination kits containing satellite phones to establish
communication links among the severely affected districts ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
This may lead to severe losses in terms of human lives, livestock and property. The prime
communication networks of Government of India. NIC: National Informatics Centre (NIC) is a
premiere Science & Technology organization of the Government of India in this field. It functions
through a nationwide information and communication technology (ICT) network called NICNET.
29
BSNL: The Department of Telephone Operations, Government of India became a corporation on
October 1, 2000 and was christened Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL). Today, BSNL is a
leading telecommunication company and the largest public sector undertaking of India. It has a
network of over 45 million lines covering 5000 towns with over 35 million telephone connections.
Its responsibilities include improvement of the quality of telecom services, expansion of telecom
network, introduction of new telecom services in all villages and instilling confidence among its
customers. Modes for Emergency Communication RADIO COMMUNICATIONS In the scenario
where normal telephone and mobile phone network is disrupted or such services have never existed
in the disaster affected area, we need to find out other reliable means of communicating urgent
messages from the site to shorter and longer distances. The first obvious choice is to establish a
wireless radio

The State Of The Present Day Economy
The state of the present day economy is the result of a procedure of monstrous changes and
advancement that started more than two centuries back. In spite of the fact that the modern
worldview was an accomplishment as far as the overarching markets conditions, unmistakably
Information and Communications Technologies ("ICT"), E–Commerce and Advancement in
Software give the chance to drastically adjust the path in which people and undertakings can seek
after their goals. ICT has evacuated the land and fleeting obstructions that oblige the operations of
any undertaking. Among the improvements of ICT is the presentation of better, quicker and less
expensive PCs that everybody could have admittance to, scaling down and versatile/compact PCs
and progression in transmission media. Quicker and all the more capable PC has been ascribed to
individuals like Moore 's (see Moore 's Law chart beneath) and nanotechnology (fabricate PC
frameworks with mole amounts of rationale components that are atomic in both size and accuracy
and are interconnected in complex and exceedingly eccentric examples). Scaling down innovation
has presented the scratch pad or portable PC phone is lightweight yet as capable as normal desktop
PC. Tablet PC then again is an exceptional sort of journal that uses an advanced pen. A significantly
littler form of the Tablet PC is the secluded PC. Three prominent cell phones these days are
handheld PC, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistant) and PDAs. A few PCs today have

The Growing Threat Of Space Debris Elimination Through...
The Growing Threat: Space Debris Elimination through Robotics
An over statement of the importance of the use of the Earth's orbital space is not possible. It is very
apparent that we as the human race, while broken up into many different countries, have grown
accustom to the comforts, knowledge, and safety provided by the technology we launch into space.
Examples of the benefits are cellphones, GPS for direction, environmental studies, weather
forecasting, defense, and much more. However, with every placement of advanced technology into
orbit the continuation of the ability to launch additional assets are at risk. The thousands of articles
left behind following the launch of spacecraft or vehicles generate that risk. Over the past fifty plus
years, the risk has increased exponentially. Donald Kessler, a NASA astrophysicist, shared his
perception of such risk in 1978 (LaVone, 2014). Mr. Kessler theorized a self–sufficient event
capable of eradicating viable assets within the condensed orbital space encompassing Earth. Mr.
Kessler noted that the collision of defunct satellites or other objects left behind in space are capable
of ensuing a chain reaction of epic magnitude. The focus of Kessler's theory projected beyond the
larger size debris but "emphasized the imminent danger of small debris in orbit" (LaVone, 2014). At
the time only theory, but now more than likely possible. The preservation and continuation of space
exploration have compelled other agencies,

Fsk Modulation and Demodulation
FSK MODULATION AND DEMODULATION PROGRAM USING MATLAB
LIST OF TABLES:
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION. 1.1–INTRODUCTION TO WIRELESS MODEM. 1.2–
INTRODUCTION TO FREQUENCY SHIFT KEYING 1.2.1–FSK MODULATOR 1.2.2–FSK
DEMODULATION
CHAPTER 2: COMPONENT DESCRIPTION. 2.1–LIST OF COMPONENTS 2.2–DESCRIPTION
OF FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM 2.2.1 IC 555.
2.2.2 565 PLL.
CHAPTER 3: CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND WORKING.
3.1–CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF FSK MODULATOR USING IC555.
3.2–CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF FSK DEMODULATOR USING PLL 555
CHAPTER 4: OPERATION OF FSK. 4.1–OPERATION OF FSK MODULATOR USING IC555.
4.2–OPERATION OF FSK DEMODUALTOR USING PLL 565.
CHAPTER 5: PROGRAMING USING MATLAB. 5.1–FSK MODULATION USING MATLAB.
5.2–FSK DEMODULATOR USING MATLAB.
CHAPTER 6: OUTPUT ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
On the receiving end, the demodulator works by detecting one or both of the frequencies, often with
a band–pass filter, regenerating the input signal. You can also use a signal processor to convert the
carrier from time domain to frequency domain with a fourier transform, and then pick off the signal
that way.) The FSK method of modulating/demodulation is typically limited to low frequency signal
rates, such as 300 bits per second
1.2.2: FSK DEMODULATION:
FSK demodulation is the process of recovering the original signal by detecting the frequencies
involved in the original modulation. Typically, this is done with a bandpass amplifier tuned to one of
the two frequencies, followed by a amplitude demodulator. The output is the original signal. It is
possible, though often unecessary, to use two bandpass ampliers, one for each frequency, but this is
redundant. It is also possible to use a digital signal processing technique to perform a fourier
transform on the input signal, but that can be complex and costly.
This is the method used in very early modems, up to around 1200 baud.
It is also possible, using FSK, to send multiple signals across one line. Simply pick suitable
frequencies for each modulation state, and mix the outputs into one consolidated analog signal. On
the other end, you have multiple bandpass filters running at the same time and, as long as the chosen
frequencies are

Economic Impact Of The Space Race
Economic Impacts of the Space Race By: Kimia
The space race was a competition between the United States and the Soviet Union that occurred
during the Cold War. They competed for dominance in space technology and spaceflight, which
spurred many significant inventions and events. Some of these inventions and events include the
first–ever landing on the moon, the first artificial satellite to be launched into the Earth's orbit, the
establishment of NASA, the invention of the microprocessor computer, the invention of satellite
communication technology, and other direct and indirect impacts. Each of the different events and
inventions that spawned from the space race have had significant impacts on the United States
economy.
After the end of World War II on September 2, 1945, a new era called the Cold War began. The Cold
War was a non–violent state of political and military tension between the democratic and capitalist
United States and the communist Soviet Union: two of the biggest powers of the world at the time.
However, they were drastically different in both economy and politics, allowing rivalry to build up.
They both wanted to become the most powerful nation of the world, and both feared that the other
nation would rise up to become the most powerful nation of the world.
Throughout the Cold War, the US and the Soviet Union, the USSR, tried to outspend and outdo each
other. They looked for any advantage they could get to achieve more attainments than the

My Sci Fi Of The Earth Of A Space

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