Reflection Paper On Service Learning

Reflection Paper On Service Learning
My service Learning Project I had the opportunity to volunteer with Health Sciences Charter High
School which is a local school that academically challenges the learning environment preparing
them to communicate effectively, think and reason critically, value diversity, in which is founded by
local healthcare industry and strive for their students to become productive and valued members of
the community. The school is located in a generally low–income neighborhood and children in need
on the East Side of Buffalo area. Health Science organizes afterschool programs, along with having
programs that pushed their students beyond.
Service learning is a lot more than helping someone for the sake of it, it is a process of involving
yourself in community service activities engaging and learning while combined with facilitated
means by being able to apply the experience to academic and personal development. A good
service–learning partnership is mutually beneficial, with both the learning goals of the course and
the needs of the community partner being met. Being at Health Science charter school has taught me
the importance of culturally relevant teachers along with role models students are able to talk to
interact not just have taught them for six hours of a day. Being there showed me I had stereotypes of
the school being in the area but going there and seeing those students has reduced the stereotypes
that I had made and gain a greater intercultural understanding. Having done
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Charter School Vs. Public Schools
Students Success
Why choose to go to Charter School rather than public school? Charter schools are public school of
choice, meaning families choose for their children. Federal legislation provides grants to help
charters to manage start–up costs. They create better educational opportunities for the students
therefore they have higher expectations in teaching. Charter Schools and zoned (public) schools are
tuition free but unfortunately not everyone can get in to Charter school, since it works by lottery.
Everyone has the opportunity to apply and has a choice to attend Charlet School if the students are
lucky enough to get in. Charter schools are more effective for three reasons: they have higher
graduation rates, teachers are more prepared and devoted to their students, and teachers take a
greater responsibility for their students as they compete against Zoned Schools.
How important is it for a student to graduate? Isn't it a waste of time going to school for twelve
years and wasting all the government money and still not receive a diploma? That is why students
need to work harder to earn it and Charter schools are the ones that offer students to become more
educated. Joffee states, "Charter schools have higher API scores and graduation rates than traditional
schools: Academically, comparing LAUSD Alliance charter high schools to LAUSD traditional high
schools located in the same neighborhoods, we found the Alliance schools have decisively higher
API scores, 762 vs.

The Implementation Of Charter Schools
Implementation of charter schools in LAUSD by George Szabo
Introduction to Public Management and Policy
POSC / CRJU 320
Dr. Samuel B. Stone
California State University, Fullerton
September 29, 2015
$490–million dollar plan In California there is frequent debate over the performance of public
schools throughout the state. It is known that many of the state's public schools are poorly funded
and lay in disrepair. It is also accompanied by bad test scores and underperforming students which is
not necessarily the schools fault. Article one discusses a possible solution with an ambitious $490–
million plan to place half of Los Angeles students into charter schools within the next eight years.
Charter schools are publicly financed, independently run and are exempt from some of the rules that
govern other traditional campuses. Details of the plan have yet to be released but the major
contributors include the locally based Eli and Edyth Broad Foundation along with the Keck and
Walton Family Foundations and other charter advocates. The proposed plan would create 260 new
charter schools and enroll at least 130,000 students (Blume 2015). The foundations have publicly
declined to release important information on the policy but apparently have a strategy in place for
moving forward, including the recruitment and training of teachers and how to raise money. The
plan has already encountered a lot of resistance from the powerful L.A. Unified unions. Critics of
the plan claim

American Schools Are Failing For Minority Students
The idea that American schools are failing is not a new one, but it is an idea that is extremely
widespread. There are constant news reports claiming that our schools are worse than ever and
Congress has passed extensive legislation such as No Child Left behind in an attempt to fix the
American educational system. Some people believe that American schools are not completely
failing, but only failing for minority students. Reforms like mandatory busing, vouchers, charter
schools, accountability, and high–stakes testing have been proposed to address these social
inequalities. Despite the intentions of these policies, they have not always helped close the social
inequality gap.
Mandatory busing was a reform started in the 1970s to desegregate ... Show more content on
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Mandatory busing helped push out students that were more likely to succeed from public schools
leaving behind the students that struggled the most.
A more recent educational reform program is the concept of school choice. Instead of being forced
to attend the school chosen by the local district students would receive vouchers. Students would be
able to take their voucher and apply the funds normally allocated to them at any school. Parents
would be able to decide which school is the best for their children and students that would normally
be trapped in a low–performing school could instead attend a different school. A problem with
vouchers is that private schools are allowed to approve if a student can attend. The students that
could benefit the most from moving to a private school could be refused admittance. Another issue
is that higher income families would be more likely to use this program than lower income families
that do not have the same values in education. Finally school vouchers would be taking money away
from the public school system which would reduce the quality of education that the public schools
could provide.
Charter schools are another approaching in allow parents and students to have a choice in where
their children go to school. Charter schools are approved by a

Public Schools Vs Charter Schools
My research topic is on the Charter Schools within the Greater Cleveland, OH area. This topic
interests me because I am a mother of three school–aged children. If any of my kids attended a
failing school I would like to have an alternative to choose from. I have seen some of my friends
choose to send their kids to a Charter school. Most of them had great experiences. Some of my
friends loved the smaller class sizes and the individualized educational plans. Two of my friends felt
that the schools were too strict and they were opposed to the required uniforms. By doing research,
we can find out what schooling option is most beneficial for a student attending school in the
Cleveland area.
There are two specific research questions that I will ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Charter schools have faced some local opposition from the public school system. "School districts
and teachers unions have opposed charter schools, arguing that they hurt district schools by
siphoning off motivated, high–achieving students" (Chilcote, 2011). While some view the new
school option as a tool in educational reform, others see it as divisive.
According to Timothy Magaw, the acceptance of charter schools has been mixed. He notes that the
effort to bring in charter schools was headed by Mayor Frank Jackson as an attempt to correct a
failing school system. By uniting charter schools with public schools, there are also extra levy
dollars to be gained. The collaboration was put in place "to hopefully, massage those mid–
performing facilities into high–performing schools. Opportunities for collaboration might include,
for instance, shared enrollment systems or joint professional development for faculty" (Magaw,

Comcast And Time Warner Cable Merger Essay
Comcast and Time Warner Cable Merger
Haley Miller, April Brooks–Price, Heather Henley, Germaine Wright, and Anthony Young
American InterContinental University
Abstract
Included in this paper the firms I the proposed merger are described thoroughly. Annual sales and
extent of their operations are listed. The incentives to consolidate from the firm's point of view are
shown. The product, production methods, scale of production, and sources for raw materials are
described along with the technologies used. Also both the pros and cons of the argument in favor for
and against the proposed merger are given and explained.
Comcast and Time Warner Cable Merger
Part One The name of the merger my group and I are assessing is ... Show more content on
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Comcast and Time Warner Cable operate on a continuous scale of production. This means the
production line runs 24 hours and 365 days a year, high level of machinery is required, every stage
is at quality control, etc. Comcast and Time Warner Cable's source of raw material is Spectrum Co.
The technology they use world class technology
Part Two Competition is important because without it there would be no market place. The ability to
compete against another firm and or company has a major impact on the economy, if there is only
one company in the market place that is offering a product or service then that company can charge
whatever price it deems to be reasonable to the customers. The product and or service may not meet
the customer's expectation

Purpose Of ESSA
According to the Committee on Education and the Workforce (CEW), "Congress must replace No
Child Left Behind with new policies that help every child access an excellent education." (2015).
They also stated that introducing ESSA, "will reduce the federal footprint, restore local control, and
empower parents and education leaders to hold schools accountable for effectively teaching
students." The purpose of the ESSA to replace NCLB strict and unattainable regulations. For
example, the accountability for the access of the students will depend on the state and school
districts. Additionally, parents, particularly of those students who require special education, will
have greater input in the education plan of the students and how it affects ... Show more content on
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(The Education Trust, 2016).
Title II provides funding for the teachers. According to National Association of Charter School
Authorizers (NACSA), "To receive funds, a state has to have an approved plan to increase quality of
these professionals which could include elements like: teacher certification requirements, teacher
evaluations, alternative credential programs, or teacher retention. States have significant flexibility
to design their plan." (2016), This also seems to be an incentive for teachers, as they will receive the
appropriate training and funding for appropriate activities. There is an estimate of 2.3 billion in
grants offered in Title II based on need (poverty among students). (NACSA, 2017).
Title III provides grants for Language instruction for English learners and Immigrant students. As
mentioned previously, the act is aimed for English Learners (ELs) as they are now required to meet
a certain standard of English proficiency. Through their development, that is how the quality of the
school is measured (Migration Policy Institute). States would need to generate programs that allow
English learners to achieve English proficiency and how they could further be assisted. Title IV
focuses on 21st Century Schools in which is divided in different sectors; Student Support and
Academic Enrichment Grants, Community Learning Centers, Charter Schools, Magnet Schools

The Center For Child And Family Policy
Although critics such as Stanley Fish believe that institutes of higher education should not promote
civic engagement, universities such as Duke University heavily push students to become more
civically and politically engaged, even making certain courses have requirements to complete a
service component. Numerous civic engagement programs exist at Duke that offer different services
and opportunities for students to engage with the community. Duke University's Center for Child
and Family Policy offers a civic engagement program the School Research Partnership (SRP),
which attempts to address issues of education inequity and achievement. To understand the vastness
of civic engagement opportunities, I will compare SRP to Bass Connections at ... Show more
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In 1988, Duke University hired former Ph.D. student Kenneth Dodge, a clinical and developmental
psychologist from Vanderbilt, to lead the effort. Thus, on July 1, 1999, the Center for Child and
Family Policy was officially open ("Center for Child and Family Policy").
The Center fellows focus their research on "the effect of economic distress on child development,
early childhood, the development of risky behaviors, childhood mental illness, and a wide range of
education policy issues including school truancy, charter schools, teacher training and education
reform efforts." From August 2003 to July 2009, the Center conducted the largest violence–
prevention study that the National Institute of Mental Health has ever funded. In addition, the Center
houses the Center for Adolescent Risk and Resilience (C*StARR), a research project that studies the
biology and behavior producing teen substance abuse. The Center can give journalists expert
explanations "on the above topics, as well as child abuse prevention, youth violence prevention,
children and technology, parenting across cultures, single mothers and more." The Center provided
evaluations of programs that can positively affect the lives of children. They have worked with
federal granting agencies, the state government, public school systems, and community
organizations. The staff helps with grant writing, identifying potential funding sources, and provide
solutions that combine scientific

Pros And Cons Of Public Schools
Public Schools – schools are in a district and students attend in the area they are zoned for. Decided
by committees. In the past, this was a monopoly, and the only choice other than private schools that
parents must pay for. Public schools are the most common form of public education.
Typically, states create school districts that are individual (often independent) government entities.
Each school district has the power to create and run any number of public schools. The district and
its schools are governed by a school board that consists of elected officials.
The school board has ultimate authority over the schools and the district. Typically, the school board
will appoint a superintendent to oversee the day–to–day operations of the district. (Social solutions
global,2016) Public schools are subsidized by the state, with money distributed to schools or
districts on a per–student basis. States receive assets from state taxes and federal education grants.
Local districts or municipalities will frequently increase state and federal funding with local
property taxes. Independent school districts can often charge taxes themselves. In other states,
districts are part of a county or municipal government that charges taxes and assigns the funds to the
schools. Districts or the local government may also issue municipal bonds to fund major money
expenditures for public schools like new buildings or renovations. Public schools supplement
special programs or needs with

As Many Of You School Administrators Know, Technology Impacts
As many of you school administrators know, technology impacts the lives of all persons, parents,
educators, students, and others. Technology has a strong influence of students, from prekindergarten
to the final year of secondary education and even beyond. With the enhancement of technology's
role in the school system, the idea of moral compass has been questioned (Herrington & Emmans,
2002). Several schools over the world are incorporating character education courses whether they
are weekly or in daily routine activities which is impressive (Herrington & Emmans, 2002). I would
like to propose a program where the utilization of smartphones and mobile technology are inside of
the classroom.
As an educator, it is difficult to eliminate ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While working at a public charter school in North Carolina, smart boards, LCD monitors, and Apple
iPads are assigned to each classroom, from kindergarten to ninth–grade (each year, the school adds
another grade). Initially, it was odd to me and I verbally expressed my concern to other faculty
members and administrators. After watching the interactions between the students and the media
devices, devices only containing educational value, I saw the need for media literacy in a school
environment. As educators, it's our job to "nurture students' civic [and other types of] character"
development (Seider, 2012).
Integrating smartphones and mobile technology in the classroom could create a deeper bond
between teachers and students. For example, interactive games on a smartphone, laptop, tablet, or a
similar device has the potential to teach both groups, students and teachers. The interactive games
could teach students different fragments of the curriculum and could teach educators how to operate
technology in a swifter way without frustration (Gutierrez, 2012). Reaching out to the youth in
multiple ways, such as media connections, establishing a bond, and encouraging each positive step
they make, is necessary for the proper development of generations of today and future generations
(Seider, 2012). Just as the distribution of "equal weight" to moral, performance, and civic character,
the incorporation of a media literacy course in the classroom, no

Essay on America’s Children Deserve Charter Schools
America's education is failing, and serious reform is needed. The topic of education has been in the
forefront over the last few decades. Many, including politicians have attempted to tackle what
seemed to be a hopeless situation. With all the corruption and bureaucracy within the system, it is
unlikely that this problem will be resolved anytime soon. However, there is hope amidst all this, and
that is charter schools. Charter schools impact education by having passionate teachers who truly
care for their students' well–being, use up–to–date school methodology, are able to function with
less bureaucracy, and have accountability that results in less corruption, and increased cost
efficiency.
Watching the documentary called Waiting for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to the documentary, a bad teacher covers only fifty percent of the assigned curriculum,
compared to effective teachers who can teach up to one hundred and fifty percent of the assigned
curriculum (Guggenheim & Chilcott, 2010). Sadly, more and more teachers have lost the passion to
teach. Some of them may even be in the profession simply because it pays. Well, charter schools
employ many passionate teachers who truly care for the students' well–being. These teachers are
equipped and trained to give the students their all, providing one–on–one mentoring to students that
are falling behind, making sure that students get caught up with the curriculum, giving them hope
and a promising future. Since children attending school spend most of their time inside a classroom,
teachers in charter schools take advantage of this opportunity and utilize as much time afforded to
them to instill positive values, goals, and dreams that students can aspire to. This is not to say that
there are no passionate teachers in the public sector, this is simply highlighting what charter schools
have to offer.
"The antiquated educational model our schools stubbornly cling to was designed well over a century
ago to meet the demands of an emerging industrial economy"(Mercogliano, 2005, p.2). In his
article,

Charter Schools Vs. Public Schools Essay
Charter schools are all the buzz in the media lately; they are what seems to be the sensible response
to the path traditional public schools are heading, down the drain. However, charter schools still face
many obstacles and issues, stemming from the fact that they are far less regulated than their public
school counterparts. This enacts issues including lack of quality control, increased segregation, and
severe misuse of funds. Likewise, charter schools are only going to become increasingly more
competitive and higher quality if their closest competitors follow that path, meaning the most
successful charters are the ones compared directly to private schools. Since charters are also
attempting to make a profit, they will go to all extents, including discrimination to bring up the
scores, and therefore gain more leverage in negotiating for more funds. Simply enough, the most
logical and simple way to prevent charter schools from degrading in quality or becoming out of
control is to put more regulation on them, while still allowing them to maintain many characteristics
of an independent charter. The concept of a charter schools was put into place just 25 years ago, in
Minnesota. The idea as letting schools manage their own finances and exist as a separate legal entity
were not new, those ideas had been considered for nearly two decades before the first charter was
enacted. (Kahlenburg) By allowing schools to choose how to designate funds, and allowing students
to choose

Exploring Characteristics of Charter Schools in America Essay
The future of our country relies heavily on the successes of our children. With a rise in global
competition and a downturn in the economy, it is now more important than ever for the youth of our
country to receive the best education possible. As the Obama administration prepares to revamp the
No Child Left Behind initiative, much attention is being given to the challenges and successes of
charter schools. A charter school is defined as a school that operates independently from the local
school board, often with a curriculum and educational philosophy that are different from the other
schools in the system. Advocates for charters schools, while focusing on the success stories, believe
that funding is needed for these schools so that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to Michael Seville, a writer for Eutopia Magazine, "... parental involvement is a key
ingredient in how well a student learns." The idea of parental involvement in their school is not a
concept exclusive to charter schools. There are many traditional public schools that are launching
programs to do just that. In Saratoga, California, an elementary school has made it mandatory for
parents to volunteer and attend a seven–session STEP (Systemic Training for Effective Parenting)
class. This class is designed to help improve the parent's usefulness when they appear in class.
According to the principal of the McAuliffe Elementary, Michael Kalb, even single working parents
are able to find a few hours a month to help out, even if it is in the evening. Since the inception of
this program, teachers have noticed more cooperative behavior of their students and a willingness
that was not present before. These types of programs could be and should be incorporated into any
traditional public school in any part of the country and would create a synergy within the school of
parents, teachers, and students. Another concept that advocates of charter schools embrace is the
involvement of the local community in the school. Charter schools are often subsidized financially
by local businesses and organizations that in turn benefit from the sense of investment in their
community. This

The Relationship Between School Choice And Segregation
School choice is a hot topic at the moment in the politics throughout Texas. Many seem to be against
it, but see the benefits in the choice. Through this paper I research what the relationship between
school choice and segregation is. Through this paper I will explore the isolation of the English
language learning students and the challenges they face because of it. The location of schools and
that reflects in their students, policies of the schools, and of the programs that they offer.
Literature Review
Charter schools enroll larger proportions of minority and low‐income students and smaller
proportions of White students than traditional district public schools statewide: African American
students make up 33% of the students in Texas' open‐enrollment charter schools compared to 14% in
Texas public schools, overall. Hispanic students make up 48% of the students enrolled in open‐
enrollment charter schools, compared to the state average of 46%. Open‐enrollment charter schools
have a higher percentage of economically disadvantaged students (70%) than the state average
(56%), a lower percentage of students classified as limited‐English proficient (14%) than the state
average (16%), and a lower percentage of students served in special education (10%) than the state
average (11%). o Campus charter schools serve predominantly Hispanic and low‐income student
populations. https://www.tasb.org/Legislative/Issue–Based–Resources/documents/charters.aspx
......................................... Housing

Charter Communication Essay
Case Studies 3: Charter Communication and Time Warner Cable
Charter Communication is a broadband communication company that focused on integrating the
highest quality service with superior entertainment and communications products cable
telecommunication. They offer and provide services to customer and businesses under their
branding of Charter Spectrum. They are the fourth largest cable operator in United States of
America (U.S.) by residential subscriber and the tenth largest telephone provider. Charter
Communication is the acquirer company who plan to merger with Time Warner Cable, acquiring
company. Time Warner Cable Inc is the second largest providers of cable internet, digital cable,
cable advertising and local news channels in the U.S. They offer services such as cutting edge
digital ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
IFRS 10 identify the requirements needed for the preparation of consolidated statement when an
entity controls another entity. The impact of IFRS 10 is to allow Charter to classify the principle of
control and creates control as the basis for consolidation. IFRS 9 is for the classification and
measurement of the cost and fair value of financial assets of the acquirer. For example, the costs for
issuing debt or equity are recognized in IFRS 9, as it need to be measured at fair value at each
financial reporting date with the changes in profit and loss. In general, IFRS 3 include contingent
liabilities, contingent consideration, accounting requirements for reacquired rights and
indemnification assets. The impact of IFRS 3 is after the business combination of the two
companies; acquirer required to measure and account for assets acquired and liabilities incurred in
order to check whether it is in accordance with other

Cherokee Charter Academy : Charter School
I observed for fifteen hours at Cherokee Charter Academy. Cherokee Charter Academy is a charter
school in Cherokee County on Sixes Road. Cherokee Charter Academy includes kindergarten
through eighth–grade classes. There are over nine hundred students and about sixty–five full–time
teachers at Cherokee Charter Academy. Charter schools are similar to public schools and are
tuition–free. Charter schools are governed independently, but if the school does not demonstrate
success it will lose its charter. At Cherokee Charter Academy I observed the kindergarten classroom
of Ms. Dunlap. Ms. Dunlap has been a kindergarten teacher for ten years. In this classroom, I
observed the students, the instruction, standards, and the teacher.
As I observed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Next, I observed the standards, differentiated instruction, and the phonemic and phonics lessons in
the class. The essential questions and standards are listed in the front of the classroom but are never
referred to. I think that differentiation is a big part of this class, especially because of the number of
students with individualized education plans. During lessons, the entire class will meet around the
rug for instructions and introductions. After the class is given instructions, most students will work
independently and there will be one or two groups that work with Ms. Dunlap or her teacher's aide
for guided practice. The majority of the lessons include hands–on activities, such as cutting
examples of noun and verbs out of a magazine, using blocks to measure student's heights, and songs
that emphasize parts of speech. While I observed I also saw some phonemic awareness lessons.
These are lessons that focus on individual sounds of letters and the structure of the words and letters.
I think that this class had a wide variety of reading levels. Some students did very well, but others
could not write their names yet. The class met on the rug for phonemic lessons, and Ms. Dunlap
would use a book that had tons of activities. The book includes different activities that make
students find the sounds in words, substitute sounds to make new words, blend sounds to form
words, and to take apart words to find the sounds. Ms. Dunlap

The No Child Left Behind Act Essay
Through the discussions of the privatization movement in a variety of school and educational
contexts: from the consequences of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), the promotion of "school
choice" in the form of school vouchers and private charter schools, to the growth in non–profit
colleges and technical programs, there has been benefits offered to students, families, and schools
from the movement. On the other hand, privatization also further exacerbate inequalities and the
economic precarity of students and families. Focusing closely with the passing of the NCLB and
charter schools, through this process of discussing the impacts of the privatization movement, I will
also discuss why I am against privatization.
The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2001 was a U.S. Act of Congress, which reauthorized the
Elementary and Secondary Education Act, and effectively scaled up the federal role in holding
schools accountable for student outcomes. According to Alyson Klein from an article called "No
Child Left Behind: An Overview," she explained that the NCLB's purpose and goal was to advance
American competitiveness and close the achievement gap between poor and minority students and
their more advantaged peers. Overtime, the NCLB had a tremendous impact on teaching, learning,
and school improvement, and with that, it also became increasingly controversial with educators and
the general public (Klein, "No Child..."). The NCLB with the Elementary and Secondary Education
Act had a

Charter Schools And The School Voucher System
Education not only is a right, it is a requirement in modern society. In order to continue to progress
it is necessary to have an informed and educated population. The access to this education is ensured
by the government. However, quality of education is often diminished due to economic factors or
cultural factors. Often parents are concerned about topics being taught in schools. The result of this
is the existence of charter schools and the school voucher system. Charter schools are less regulated,
private institutions which receive taxpayer funding. School voucher systems provide monetary
assistance to qualifying students which allow them to attend private schools. This is shown as a way
to provide parents with options concerning their child's education. However, these institutions are
severely under–regulated. An issue of separation of church and state also comes into question.
Private, religious institutions are funded by tax–payer money. "To compel a man to furnish
contributions of money for the propagation of opinions which he disbelieves... is sinful and
tyrannical." Thomas Jefferson in his fervent effort to ensure freedom from the ideology of others.
Not only do charter schools and voucher programs allow for tax–payer money going to possibly
unregulated schooling, but they also undermine public education. Distributing funds which could
have gone to improve public education are then used to fund private schools. As of December 2011,
approximately 5,600 public

Nation At Risk Gave Rise To Two Major Education Reform
Nation at Risk gave rise to two major education reform movements; accountability and school
choice. Federal government started thinking about testing, and standardization, which resulted in No
Child Left Behind (NCLB), and Race to the Top. McGuinn's No Child Left Behind (NCLB),
describes the politics of accountability as setting a standard for teachers, testing students to see if the
schools meet the set standards, and then holding the schools and teachers accountable for not
achieving those standards by creating consequences. George W. Bush, a Republican made NCBL a
nationwide issue. Unions and districts opposed accountability because testing could be grounds for
firing teachers and using data to rank schools made schools look bad and ... Show more content on
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M. Freedman's idea was to apply the free market to the education system and allow the schools to
compete for the kids' business. Unlike accountability, which was watered down after collaborating
work with unions, charters are rarely unionized. School choice got its impetus from the poor
minorities because they wanted better schools, while accountability was supported by businesses.
In Milwaukie during 1990s, local leaders mobilized disgruntled parents that were dissatisfied with
their education system resulting in the adoption school choice. When accountability was adopted,
there was a coalition of support, however choice was opposed on all fronts by the teachers' unions,
NAACP, and Democrats. Unlike accountability adopted nationwide, choice was disproportionately
opposed at the state and local level. Reformers where up against teachers' unions and districts who
avidly opposed choice. When opposition could not stop choice, they would try to help created the
structure by implementing ceilings/caps, making sure that charters did not get as much money as
public schools, and forcing charters to build their own buildings. Unions oppose choice because it
creates competition and the current system creates a consistent supply of kids whether the school is
good or bad. Choice allows kids to leave bad schools forcing the teachers' to perform better, and
potentially putting teachers' jobs at risk. The districts opposed choice

An Inside Look at Charter Schools Essay
Charter Schools Charter schools have recently become a topic of debate among educators. Charter
schools are schools working in the public sector of education while also being privately owned.
Charter schools are privately run, but receive public funding. There has been much debate since the
sprouting of Charter schools about the demographics being represented and underrepresented. While
there is evidence to support both sides of this argument, it should be clear to anyone after doing the
research that charter schools are an overall negative aspect of the educational system.
The stakeholders in this argument comprise a variety of groups of people. The students have their
education on the line. The parents have the future of their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Teachers could potentially get a pay raise or a pay cut according to they type of school they work
for–as well as the amount of funding that particular school receives. The parents of the students also
have something to gain or lose here. Most parents, if not all, want the best life possible for their
children. Parents play a big role in this issue, in that they are the ones who will make the final
decision on whether their child goes to a public school, a private school, or a charter school.
There are three main types of schools that students currently attend. The most prevalent school is the
public school system. Funded by the government through taxes, this school usually has higher class
sizes. The second is private schools which can have religious affiliations, and often do. However,
that is not to say that all private schools have religious affiliations. To attend one of these schools,
more often than not, the parents and students must have a higher socioeconomic status than most.
Finally, charter schools are specialized schools that are fairly new in the spectrum. There are a few
obvious stakeholders in this conversation. The first would be the students that attend the various
schools that are in question. They are the ones whose education is at stake depending on the kind of
school they attend. Other stakeholders would include the teachers at the schools as well as (for
public

Charter Schools Vs. School Schools
To quote Jonathan Stith, "Where you see the charters providing an avenue of escape for some, it
hasn't been for the majority," (Zernike 4). In some cities charter schools are educating more that half
the students in some American cities (Zernike 1). These charter schools make promises to parents
and students that are hard to pass up in many cities, where public education is lacking and private
education is out of reach for many. Charter schools exist all across America, in forty–two states and
Washington D.C.(Oliver). These charter schools promise choice, opportunities for better and safer
education, as well as strive to to close the achievement gap occurring in schools across America.
(Oliver). The question is: are charter schools living up to this promise? I believe that many charter
schools are failing to follow through on these promises and, that changes should be made in order to
provide a more genuine source of educational opportunity to students across America. The first
promise of charter schools I would like to focus on is that on choice. While charter schools offer a
lot of choice there is still no good choice (K Zernike 1.) Charter schools typically pop up most
frequently in urban areas often where they are unneeded. Charter schools will set up wherever space
is available, sometimes within blocks from each other according to Kate Zernike, "making it easier
to find a charter school than to buy a carton of milk," (K Zernike 1). A good example of this is in

Analysis Of The Policy Issue
Analysis of the policy issue The largest limitation for the District's determination for achieving
financial stability is the inequality in funding of special education students that is supposed to be
financed by the District to charter schools. This cost is relatively and consistently higher than the
cost of those services which are offered by charter schools to special education students. This cost is
also higher than the cost paid by any other District pays for the services of special education
students in similar charter schools. This inconsiderably unfair payment of special education has
made the District to get into financial turmoil and distress. As at now, the rate for special education
tuition is supposed to be based on the expenditures of the District on special education, less federal
expenditures and then divided by sixteen percent of District's Average Daily Membership. The
sixteen percent is basically a representation of those students with disabilities and students in special
programs across the state, between 1994 and 1995. This formula is based on a hypothetical
assumption that the percentage of special education students in a school district is the average
percentage statewide. In this way the formula is a distortion of the efforts of the district's efforts of
achieving proportionality in making payments. The real approximation percentage of special
education students in the District is 24 percent. In addition, the add–on rate of $29,632.13 per
student

Waiting For Superman Ethos
Waiting for Superman Analysis Countless children across the United States have the opportunity to
go to school, whether it be a public school or a private school. However, many children, specifically
in african american communities, do not have the opportunity to receive a proper education. They
are simply thrown into a school because the state requires it, but what they do not require is an
appropriate teacher. Throughout his documentary, Waiting for Superman, Guggenheim utilizes
emotional appeal (pathos), the logic (logos) of his argument, and tone to convey the obvious fact
that african americans in low–income communities are not provided with the necessary means to
success. Although the documentary is coined the name Waiting for Superman, there in truth, is no
Superman coming to the rescue. No hero in a red and blue cape is going to save these children from
the horrors of growing up without an actual education. These children are left to a failing system
because teachers simply just do not care about how they are affecting their lives. One of the
strongest forms of emotional appeal in this documentary revolves around the raffle to get into a
charter school. The narrator explains that these children's futures are being "placed in the hands of
luck." Guggenheim is able to establish feelings of sickness for those who do not get selected and he
creates a sadness that is sure to make his audience weep for the children that leave with drooping
shoulders and forced

Principles Of The International Olympic Committee
Within every business or organization, there must be a set of values and goals that are established to
prove consistency throughout their existence. These values and principles are there for them to
follow and to lay groundwork as to how they should handle everything that encompasses their
organization. In the same way, the International Olympic Committee was set to provide a charter to
highlight their mission and their principles. While it has become clear that Olympism aims to
promote a "joy of effort, the educational value of good example, social responsibility and respect for
universal fundamental ethical principles" (IOC, 2015, p.13), it has also become evident that they
must partner with sponsors to avoid debt like in the example of ... Show more content on
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This in return turns out to be misleading to the investors, but since General Electric is also
sponsoring the Olympics this could cause one to question the true stance on their sponsorship. By
General Electric deviating from SEC rules, it's as if the International Olympic Committee were not
to follow the charter and to be going against their values of following good governance within their
organization.
Considering the above contradiction, a solution would be to get more involved in the governance of
General Electrics. A way to do this would be to have the International Olympic Committees
financial auditors evaluate and monitor General Electric's financial auditors and double check their
work. This would ensure that any wrong–doing on General Electric's behalf be taken care of
immediately and with advice from the International Olympic Committee on making the right
decision that will go along with their values. Through this solution, the Olympics don't risk losing a
highly–ranked company as a sponsor, but can also aid in reducing irrevocable mistakes.
Furthermore, two other sponsors, Samsung and Panasonic have undergone scandals that contradict
the Olympics' values. In November of 2016, Samsung and Panasonic were under investigation for
abusing labor rights. In their supply chains in Malaysia, workers seemed to be deceived regarding
pay and worked long hours with an inadequate amount of rest (Pattison, 2016). As sponsors of the

Persuasive Essay On Charter Schools
Since their first conception back in 1991, charter schools have been heralded as giving parents a
choice in their child's education. Also, unlike private schools, charters schools do not require the
parents to shell out money to have an option outside of public school. Nationwide public schools are
being scrutinized for having poor test scores, especially among minority students, and being too
costly compared to the results they produce. To combat low performing public schools, charter
schools have stepped in to offer parents a better education for their children and at a lower cost.
However, in their current form, most charter schools are not providing better education, catering to
all students, nor do they give parents actual choice.
Giving an education that exceeds the one a public school could provide is one of the main drawing
points that charter schools have. This belief was put to the test when Stanford conducted a study to
see if charter schools were doing better than public ones across different states. The results from this
showed that their effectiveness was mixed and it was found that how well a charter school does is
reliant on the policies put in place there ("Multiple Choice"). This explains how there are some
charter schools that perform exceptionally well and others that are the same or even worse than
public schools. The charter schools that give great results are known as "high expectations, high
support" and have similar school policies like longer

Charter Schools : A Public School Or A Charter School?
Every parent wants a good education for their child no matter if the school is a public school or a
charter school. The passing of this ballot will allow the approval of twelve new charter schools or
enrollment to increase by 1% statewide in already existing charter schools by the state Board of
Elementary and Secondary Education each year. Hearing about charter schools expanding would
gain the supporters of those who have a child on a waiting list. There are those who already have a
child in a public school and worries that passing this law will cause their school to lose many
privileges. As I did my research of charter schools, reading and listen to the thoughts of those that
support or oppose the ballot question helped me in making my decisions of answering yes or no to
this ballot.
The biggest concern that everybody has is funding. How does charter schools gain their funding? I
learned that most of the funding comes the public schools. Every parent wants a good education for
their child whether they attend a public school or a charter school. Stated in Schuster's 2015 article,
"tuition payments are roughly equal to average per pupil spending in the sending district (the district
where a student resides and would otherwise have attended the traditional public school)." For
example, if 100 students from one district attend a charter school and its 12,000 dollars per student
that district has to pay 1,200,000 dollars to the charter school.
A debate at Umass Boston Walsh a

Persuasive Essay On Charter Schools
Based on the fundamental teachings of the twenty first century we all gather from our personal
experiences, there are countless issues that are not negotiable or open to discussion or modification.
For instance, one of the numerous affairs that are unalienable or incontestable is the right to bear
arms protected by the Second Amendment of the United States Constitution. This is an absolute
freedom that should not be infringed.
An exemplar of an issue that I resolutely and indomitably believe in is the matter of charter schools.
A charter school is an independently governed, publically funded, public school operated under a
charter which is a set of self–written rules and promises between the school and the state consisting
of how the school will be structured. This allows greater educational freedom in its operations in
return for greater responsibility in the school's academic progress and performances. Many charter
schools share the following attributes; they possess high standards for academics and the school's
charter and mission, a faculty of committed and experienced teachers as well as leaders, and an
excessively organized learning environment for the students. Charters are more autonomous than
traditional public schools, so they are flexible to meet the necessities of the classroom and are free to
do what functions, as opposed to the one–size–fits–all approach in public schools. Since the teachers
do have more autonomy, the charters often draw high–quality

Charter School Case Study
4 Traits of Effective Charter School Vendors
One thing you may be surprised to learn about starting a charter school is that it's a lot like starting a
business. You've got to put out a quality product (your teaching style), you need to attract customers
(your students), and you want to attract the best talent (your teachers). One of the most challenging
aspects of the process is the hiring and management of suppliers.
Your school will need more suppliers than you think. There's the food for the school lunches,
materials for the classroom, and furniture for the building. Some of these expenses, like the food, are
recurring while others like furniture are one–time expenses.
But like any business owner would do, it's vital that you form ... Show more content on
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These initial conversations with vendors provide you with a great opportunity to receive more
information about their prices, their products, and potential discounts for large customers. Go with
your gut – if a potential supplier doesn't put in enough effort to win your business at the outset,
there's no chance that supplier is going to become easier to work with after they have your buy–in.
3. Demonstrates Quality Customer Service
You don't have to wait until you hire a company to gauge the quality of its customer service. In fact,
you can tell a lot about a supplier based on how they treat a customer before they are a customer. Do
they send you a quote on time? Do they follow up with answers to your questions? Is their team
happy to take your calls?
When you're choosing a supplier, you're not just choosing a particular product, but the people who
push that product as well. Issues or late shipments are inevitable, but when those things happen, you
want to feel confident that you're working with professionals that will solve things quickly.
4. Reliability and Stability
Much like customer service, reliability and stability sound like traits you can only see once you start
working with a supplier, but that's not the case.

You can measure reliability by reading reviews or speaking with current or previous customers. If
reviews or personal

Waiting For Superman Film Analysis
As part of a suburban, middle–class community, I as well as hundreds of other students who are also
part of this community receive a proper education. Consequently, I have never had the experience of
living in the city and attending a school that is on the other side of the spectrum: one that takes
advantage of the word "tenure" and deprives students my age and younger of a decent education
either because of low funding, subsequent budget cuts, or a legislation that just does not care.
However, thanks to the 2010 Davis Guggenheim documentary, Waiting for Superman, it is no secret
that the United States has been battling such inequality for several decades. The film follows a
superhero allegory and several inner–city kids, all of whom are part of a lower–class community and
seem to have their fate sealed because of where they live and their financial situation. As the movie
progresses, Guggenheim presents two sides to this documentary: personal and impersonal. He
specifically uses a definitive structure and emotional appeal to expose the political and social issues
that hinder all children in all areas of the country from receiving a proper education and breaking
away from their poor living situation and a fate that is all too common for inner–city kids. Before
the kids are formally and officially introduced, however, in the first few minutes of the movie,
educator Geoffrey Canada shares a symbolic anecdote from his childhood in which he reminisces
"one of the saddest days

Argumentative Essay On Charter Schools
Charter Schools are public schools and are tuition–free and provide families and students with an
educational alternative that is not being met in the public school system. The standing question is:
What is the public school system lacking in their programs to lose students to Charter Schools?
"Obama's faith in charter schools–which are financed by taxpayers but operated outside the
strictures of the normal public–school system–that's proving most controversial" (Fuller, 2010).
A study of 49 districts in five states, including California, claim "nearly half of district leaders
perceived that charter schools had negatively affected their budget and explained this impact by
pointing to the reduced revenue from students who had transferred from districts schools to charter
schools" (Challenge, 2003). President Clinton boosted federal funding for charters. "Today almost
1.5 million students attend about forty–two hundred ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Enthusiasts see charters as a fix for suffocated by government rules and limited by labor contracts
that protect teachers at students' expense" (Fuller, 2010). One must evaluate if the school districts
have made any changes in their operations and educational plan that contributes to the rise of
enrollment in the Charter School.
Charter schools need to be held accountable. "Parents and educators will be watching to see whether
the push to reward teachers with merit pay and nurture local competition through charter schools
motivates teachers and elevates student achievement" (Fuller, 2010). If the charters do not measure
up, they will go from a promising innovation to becoming another public school problem. Charters
are reforming public education by increasing accountability at the local levels. "Others feel the
promotion of charters diverts attention from public school systems' most intractable problems"
(Fuller,

Homeschooling Is More Appropriate For Today’S Student Due
Homeschooling is more appropriate for today's student due to the increase in bullying, peer and
social pressures due to fitting in, overcrowded classrooms, and too much government regulations.
Homeschooling offers more real–life, hands–on field trip type experiences, and more personal
instruction. Unfortunately, bullying, peer pressure, and overcrowded classrooms for both student
and teachers are in every school no matter if it is a public school, private, or charter school.
Bullying is one of the top reasons parents choose to homeschool their children. A study was done by
Dorothy Espelage (2016) that found "Students who reported increases in bullying also reported a
decrease in school belongingness and teacher affiliation, and ... Show more content on
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"Crowded classroom conditions not only make it difficult for students to concentrate on their
lessons, but inevitably limit the number of time teachers can spend on innovative teaching methods
such as cooperative learning or group work or, indeed on teaching anything beyond the barest
minimum of required material" (Burnett, Rivera–Batiz, & Marti 1995 p. 1). Students will disrupt the
teaching atmosphere because they just don't want to learn or just don't understand what is being
taught. So, what better way to not learn when the teacher can't teach. There are some schools out
there that "Students find themselves trying to learn while jammed into spaces never intended as a
classroom, such as libraries, gymnasiums, laboratories, lunchrooms, and even closets" (Burnett,
Rivera–Batiz, & Marti 1995 p. 1). Some states are having a problem with distinct social issues,
poverty, international exchange students, or just plain out economy growth do to jobs coming into
the state. All of this will lead to overcrowding of the school systems.
Unfortunately, all of this will lead up to low–grade point average and poor grades on the national
test score that the state and government require. When Grade Point Average is affected, then their
chance for college administration and scholarships is in danger. According to C. Winstanley (2009),
"a lack of challenge, difficulties with

Education And The International Pisa Exam
Historically, American students fall behind the rest of the developed world in the subjects of
reading, math, and science within schools (Ripley, 2013). In assessing our inability to do as well as
the top countries on the international PISA exam, people have tried to place the blame on a specific
area and try to fix that one area in hopes of radically altering the results. Some want to argue that it
is bad schools which form bad neighborhoods due to the school's inability to produce strong
students (Chilcott, 2010). Others see the fault in the neighborhoods and families within the
neighborhoods, pointing out that it is the situations that these families find themselves in that makes
it impossible to school their children (Tough, 2012). While the true problem does not completely
conform to one idea listed above, acknowledging a student's experiences ought to be addressed in
schools to ensure that students not only succeed in the present, but also in the future. Life for a child
starts before the first time they step into a school building. In fact, by the time a child from a lower
socio–economic household makes it into school, they have likely suffered from some of the stresses
associated with chronic poverty such as hunger and an imperfect household (Tough, 2012). Teachers
who are unaware of this then expect them to act like the stereotypical student. Meanwhile, the
struggles and trauma that child experiences continue. Every day the student comes in with a new set
of

Stakeholder Response For Waiting For Superman
Stakeholder Response to Waiting for Superman Stake Holder Group When the word school is
mentioned, often, we first think about students and teachers. These two groups roughly describe the
educational system. This assignment will focus on teachers as stakeholders in public school districts.
Demographic Description In the year of 2011, there were 3.2 million teachers who were employed
at public schools throughout the nation, which served close to 50 million children in grades
kindergarten through twelfth (Feistritzer, 2011). Currently, to be employed as a teacher in the United
States, one must obtain a Bachelor's Degree from an accredited college or university, and be
certificated in the state that one wishes to be employed. The certification serves as a teaching
credential, which is needed for teachers in all states. America has encountered a change within the
teaching profession: concerning, experience, age, credentials, and ethnic background (Feistritzer,
2011). It is almost as if the year of 2005, overturned the trend of older employed teachers
(Feistritzer, 2011). A six–year survey shows that the amount of teachers under the age of thirty has
increased drastically, and that most teachers have earned master degrees. Also, although teaching
has been a predominately white profession, more Hispanic and African American teachers were
hired between the years of 2005 and 2011 (Feistritzer, 2011). Role in Education Teachers have many
roles within the education system. They

Charter Schools Are Better Than Public Schools
CHARTER SCHOOLS ARE BETTER THAN PUBLIC SCHOOLS? Education is a very important
part of a person's life. Every parent want the best thing for their children. They want their children to
be happy and to be able to achieve their dreams and be what they want to be, which is why they
want the best education for their children. Because, almost everyone would agree that being well –
educated is the closest way to success life and good future. But, their desire to send their kids to the
best school have to face many obstacles. One of these obstacles would be choosing school for their
kids. In the U.S., there are three types of school: public school, charter school and private school.
Private schools are usually very selective, has better performance than government–funded school
and has expensive tuition fee. Rich families would send their kids to private schools because they
could afford the expense. However, for a normal family, paying the expense for private schools
would be overwhelming. So, there options are narrowed between charter schools and public schools.
There have been many debates on whether charter schools or public schools provide students with
better education. But, there are obvious evidences that charter schools are generally better than
public schools: Students in charter schools has their education results improved significantly
compares to the others who are going to public schools. Charter schools, like public schools, receive
public funding. These school are

The Failures Of The Public School System Essay
The Failures of the Public School System
All across the United States, there are schools that are struggling financially and culturally due to
different socio–economic challenges. Some of these challenges cannot be avoided, although many
of them could be avoided. One of these problems that could be avoided is the act of institutionalized
separation of rich and poor. If integration was more focused the school systems in certain parts of a
city would not be understaffed and underfunded. In the documentary Waiting for Superman there
were many different points made by the filmmaker that in the modern Education system people are
believing that teachers are the only ones responsible for the success of their students. In the film
states that people should not "wait for Superman to come to the rescue; look in the mirror. We need
to understand that it is not just the schools and teachers that are accountable for students
performance". This idea can be seen not only in the film, but in Sheryll Cashin's The Failures of
Integration. A piece of literature that discusses the modern education system and the organizations
within them in the United States. Waiting for Superman argues that the public school system in the
United States is failing due to poor performing teachers in schools. When The Failures of
Integration argues that race and socioeconomic impact is more important than the teachers in the
failing schools. Schools in large city centers are failing faster than schools in

Magnet Schools Case Study
Public schools need to be competitive and imaginative when marketing their campuses so they are
viewed by the community as safe and with stronger academic programs. It is imperative to improve
the quality of teaching and learning in schools because people like to be part of a successful system.
"The push to market traditional districts and regular schools "is stronger than it's been before, said
Rich Bagin, the executive director of the National School Public Relations Association in Rockville,
Md. We have principals coming to us and saying we have a great school here, but everybody seems
to be leaning toward what's new" (Samuels, 2012). The new can redefined as public education and
can be achieved through marketing by getting people to know you, like you, and trust you.
Members that will make up the review ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Magnet schools remain part of the public school system and operate under the same administration
and school board" (Chen, 2015). Magnet schools have a specialized curricular focus such as science,
technology, engineering, and math. It also focuses on the arts and educational or career paths.
Magnet schools are schools of choice and students are enrolled based on their interest. Funding for
magnet schools differ from public schools because they receive additional funding for their students
covering supplies, teachers, and educational programs. Magnet schools give parents an option of
sending their child to a school with a specialized focus. "The fact that magnet schools offer families
a choice with regard to their child's education is seen as a primary advantage as well. This increased
competition, supporters argue, actually benefits children in all schools, magnet or otherwise,
because public schools seek to improve their academic programs in order to keep students in their
schools" (Chen,

Expanding The Cap On Funding For Charter Schools
Massachusetts has always taken pride in their superior academic standing in comparison to the rest
of the nation, showing why there was an upheaval in the system when people began to argue over on
how to vote on question two in the election. Question Two focused on expanding the cap on funding
for Charter Schools in Massachusetts. This issue was particularly controversial in Massachusetts
because not all people are able to recognize the value that Charter Schools hold in expanding the
educational opportunities in Massachusetts. Charter schools have proven to have a large impact on
educational in urban areas, however charter schools are also extremely beneficial in the suburban
communities of Massachusetts. According to Matt Rocheleau from the Boston Globe,
"Massachusetts ranks in the top tier nationally when it comes to median household income, but
within itself there is a vast range in earnings." This vast range in income affects many suburban
areas in Massachusetts as some communities are at the maximum end of the spectrum, as other
suburbs float barley at the middle. Often times, people pin Massachusetts suburbs as white, middle
to upper class families with outstanding public schools. However, the gap in average incomes also
affects the educational choices for children in these suburban communities, as all of the families in
the community are not making the same amount of money. Many of these suburban communities
pride themselves in making sure that their children have an

Charter School Conflict With The Public Schools On...
Ruth Semere
Comm 6
Prof. A.C. Panella 25 April 2016
Charter School Conflict
This paper will discuss charter school conflicts with the public schools on different issues.
According to Ron Zimmer and Richard Buddin, "The last few years have been marked by dramatic
growth in charter schools in California". In a recent radio forum, KQED Public Media, Titled
Growth of Charter Schools in California Leads to Conflict with School Districts, discuses about the
conflict between charter school and public school in the Oakland school district. This paper will also
farther diagnose the particular conflict, to better understand it, to find the root cause of ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The charter school conflict exists because there are some people for it and some people against it.
According to, The Premier Online Debate Website, arguments of those of charter school is that it
allows individuals or groups with innovative educational ideas to put them into practice without
being controlled by local or state administration. These schools may have unconventional hours,
experiment with curricula, specialize in certain types of teaching or design programs tailored to a
particular audience or community. They believe that charter schools provide quality education and
they allow teachers to try new teaching methods which allows students to develop under new
education styles because charter schools have less regulation. It can introduce the ingredient of a
measure of needed competition in the public schools. According to Sarah Cordes and Institute for
Education and Social Policy (IESP) New York University, "charter school growth means that more
students have opportunities to attend charters and that more traditional public schools face
competition from charters in the local school marketplace". They may provide for more
accountability because schools that work will be rewarded and those that do not will be changed or
even closed.
However, the other side argues that charter schools do not outperform traditional public schools.
Charter schools may not be equally available to all students and

Why Funding For Public Education
When it comes to education, it is generally agreed that money matters. What is not as apparent are
questions like: In what ways does money matter? How does money impact the achievement and
opportunities of the students? Are there predictable affects of increasing or decreasing spending in a
school system? These questions are important for a number of reasons. Funding for public education
is a limited resource and knowing how to utilize those limited funds efficiently and effectively is a
goal school administrators seek to achieve. There is also the issue of equality. Since a significant
portion of a school 's budget is allocated through the local tax base, school districts may have more
or less funding available to them depending on which community they are located in. If school
spending is tied to student performance or opportunities, and different school systems have different
levels of funds available to them, then it can be said that educational opportunities for students will
be different depending on which school district they belong to. In an attempt to seek the connections
between money and education, I will look at three research papers which investigates this matter.
The first paper is The Cost Effectiveness of 22 Approaches for Raising Student Achievement, by
Stuart Yeh. This meta–study looks at the various methods/interventions employed by school systems
to help students raise their level of achievement, its effectiveness and the associated cost of such

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