SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 5
Horror Poster Analysis
WOODS
Although many posters for horror films don’t include
characters faces there are some that do. When faces are
included they only ever tend to have one character in the
poster or tend only to have the face of one character. The
characters face tends to be supernatural in some way or is
partly covered with black edges. In these cases the picture
tends to take up all or most of the poster and any background
tends to be black.
•The hiding of characters is done to create quite
an eerie effect which highlights the horror genre
of the film. This can be done by having shadow
over the character and when this is done there
tends also to be a juxtaposition between colours
so that the character stands out a lot within the
poster.

•

When an antagonist is shown within a poster, what you
tend to see of the character tends to be very limited. Faces
tend to be very hidden and this tends to be done by
showing the back of a character. When this is done the
character tends to be holding a weapon or there is blood
smears around them or on them. When this happens the
film title is often placed quit central or to one side of the
character, but it never covers up any main parts of an
image such as the blood smears in the ‘Sinister’ poster or
the knife in the ‘I Spit On Your Grave’.
Red and white are both common in horror posters, usually coming in the
text or the background colours. The font style used for the title is the same
that is shown in the trailer for the film and within the opening of the film
itself. The title is made to stand out the most in the poster even more so in
many cases than the main picture. This is done through the font colour and
through the boldness and size of the text. A common background colour to
horror poster films is black and therefore white and red stand out whilst
fitting in with the genre, red being symbolic of blood which is often shown
within horrors and white resembling the innocence of the protagonist (s) .

More Related Content

What's hot

Insidious conventionsuyryfy
Insidious conventionsuyryfyInsidious conventionsuyryfy
Insidious conventionsuyryfychloemasonnn
 
Prop analysis
Prop analysisProp analysis
Prop analysis10afrmal
 
Horror Movie
Horror MovieHorror Movie
Horror Moviewaqa0121
 
Assignment 7 group conventions of film posters
Assignment 7 group conventions of film postersAssignment 7 group conventions of film posters
Assignment 7 group conventions of film posterskatiamartins96
 
Mise en scene in horror
Mise en scene in horrorMise en scene in horror
Mise en scene in horrorDaleDownton
 
Horror Genre "distinct"
Horror Genre "distinct"Horror Genre "distinct"
Horror Genre "distinct"jessp13
 
Conventions of Horror
Conventions of HorrorConventions of Horror
Conventions of HorrorSamAppleyard
 
Codes and conventions of thriller films
Codes and conventions of thriller filmsCodes and conventions of thriller films
Codes and conventions of thriller filmsLauryn Robertson
 
Theory meaning pro-forma
Theory  meaning pro-formaTheory  meaning pro-forma
Theory meaning pro-formakallum-sykes
 
Research on the conventions of thriller posters
Research on the conventions of thriller postersResearch on the conventions of thriller posters
Research on the conventions of thriller postersAmber Wilkinson
 
Codes and conventions in the horror genre
Codes and conventions in the horror genreCodes and conventions in the horror genre
Codes and conventions in the horror genreamberloo20
 
Final major project ideas moodboards
Final major project ideas moodboardsFinal major project ideas moodboards
Final major project ideas moodboardscallumharrison
 
Iconography of Drama Psychological Thriller
Iconography of Drama Psychological ThrillerIconography of Drama Psychological Thriller
Iconography of Drama Psychological ThrillerDaniel Fotheringham
 
Research of film posters
Research of film postersResearch of film posters
Research of film postersSamyulb
 

What's hot (20)

Mise-En-Scene
Mise-En-SceneMise-En-Scene
Mise-En-Scene
 
Insidious conventionsuyryfy
Insidious conventionsuyryfyInsidious conventionsuyryfy
Insidious conventionsuyryfy
 
Prop analysis
Prop analysisProp analysis
Prop analysis
 
Horror Movie
Horror MovieHorror Movie
Horror Movie
 
Assignment 7 group conventions of film posters
Assignment 7 group conventions of film postersAssignment 7 group conventions of film posters
Assignment 7 group conventions of film posters
 
Mise en scene in horror
Mise en scene in horrorMise en scene in horror
Mise en scene in horror
 
Horror Genre "distinct"
Horror Genre "distinct"Horror Genre "distinct"
Horror Genre "distinct"
 
Assignment 8
Assignment 8Assignment 8
Assignment 8
 
Conventions of Horror
Conventions of HorrorConventions of Horror
Conventions of Horror
 
Codes and conventions of thriller films
Codes and conventions of thriller filmsCodes and conventions of thriller films
Codes and conventions of thriller films
 
Presentation2
Presentation2Presentation2
Presentation2
 
Theory meaning pro-forma
Theory  meaning pro-formaTheory  meaning pro-forma
Theory meaning pro-forma
 
Research on the conventions of thriller posters
Research on the conventions of thriller postersResearch on the conventions of thriller posters
Research on the conventions of thriller posters
 
Genre research
Genre researchGenre research
Genre research
 
Codes and conventions in the horror genre
Codes and conventions in the horror genreCodes and conventions in the horror genre
Codes and conventions in the horror genre
 
Final major project ideas moodboards
Final major project ideas moodboardsFinal major project ideas moodboards
Final major project ideas moodboards
 
Iconography of Drama Psychological Thriller
Iconography of Drama Psychological ThrillerIconography of Drama Psychological Thriller
Iconography of Drama Psychological Thriller
 
Film genre
Film genre  Film genre
Film genre
 
Research of film posters
Research of film postersResearch of film posters
Research of film posters
 
Codes and conventions
Codes and conventionsCodes and conventions
Codes and conventions
 

Viewers also liked

Film Poster Survey and Analysis
Film Poster Survey and AnalysisFilm Poster Survey and Analysis
Film Poster Survey and Analysis08payali
 
The%20 passage%20evaluation%20q2
The%20 passage%20evaluation%20q2The%20 passage%20evaluation%20q2
The%20 passage%20evaluation%20q2nh5460
 
Dvd Cover Analysis and Magazine
Dvd Cover Analysis and MagazineDvd Cover Analysis and Magazine
Dvd Cover Analysis and MagazineMalaaa
 
Analysis of two DVD covers
Analysis of two DVD coversAnalysis of two DVD covers
Analysis of two DVD coversviva07071
 
Analysis Of DVD Cover
Analysis Of DVD CoverAnalysis Of DVD Cover
Analysis Of DVD CoverAdil AbbAs
 
Analysis of horror movie posters
Analysis of horror movie postersAnalysis of horror movie posters
Analysis of horror movie postersHeworthMedia1
 
Media dvd cover analysis
Media dvd cover analysisMedia dvd cover analysis
Media dvd cover analysishlgaskell1
 

Viewers also liked (8)

Film Poster Survey and Analysis
Film Poster Survey and AnalysisFilm Poster Survey and Analysis
Film Poster Survey and Analysis
 
The%20 passage%20evaluation%20q2
The%20 passage%20evaluation%20q2The%20 passage%20evaluation%20q2
The%20 passage%20evaluation%20q2
 
Dvd cover analysis
Dvd cover analysisDvd cover analysis
Dvd cover analysis
 
Dvd Cover Analysis and Magazine
Dvd Cover Analysis and MagazineDvd Cover Analysis and Magazine
Dvd Cover Analysis and Magazine
 
Analysis of two DVD covers
Analysis of two DVD coversAnalysis of two DVD covers
Analysis of two DVD covers
 
Analysis Of DVD Cover
Analysis Of DVD CoverAnalysis Of DVD Cover
Analysis Of DVD Cover
 
Analysis of horror movie posters
Analysis of horror movie postersAnalysis of horror movie posters
Analysis of horror movie posters
 
Media dvd cover analysis
Media dvd cover analysisMedia dvd cover analysis
Media dvd cover analysis
 

Similar to Horror poster research

Codes and conventions of horror movie posters & psychological horror movie po...
Codes and conventions of horror movie posters & psychological horror movie po...Codes and conventions of horror movie posters & psychological horror movie po...
Codes and conventions of horror movie posters & psychological horror movie po...m_xch
 
Psychological Drama poster features
Psychological Drama poster features Psychological Drama poster features
Psychological Drama poster features Hamdi Mohamud
 
Codes & Conventions of Film Posters
Codes & Conventions of Film PostersCodes & Conventions of Film Posters
Codes & Conventions of Film PostersJHk
 
Generic conventions of Horror Film Posters
Generic conventions of Horror Film PostersGeneric conventions of Horror Film Posters
Generic conventions of Horror Film Posterslucyjohnsonwatson
 
Film Poster Research
Film Poster Research Film Poster Research
Film Poster Research Laurel_WG
 
Halloween poster analysis sasiane saku
Halloween poster analysis sasiane sakuHalloween poster analysis sasiane saku
Halloween poster analysis sasiane sakusapphire29
 
Horror Film Posters
Horror Film PostersHorror Film Posters
Horror Film PostersLaraBeth
 
Codes and conventions of horror posters
Codes and conventions of horror postersCodes and conventions of horror posters
Codes and conventions of horror postersKalgani
 
Conventions of psychological thriller posters
Conventions of psychological thriller postersConventions of psychological thriller posters
Conventions of psychological thriller postersJohn Macgregor
 
Research of film posters
Research of film postersResearch of film posters
Research of film postersthompsonjess96
 
Horror Poster Analyses
Horror Poster AnalysesHorror Poster Analyses
Horror Poster Analyseslouiscritoph
 
Appendix 9 - Film Posters
Appendix 9 - Film PostersAppendix 9 - Film Posters
Appendix 9 - Film Postersbethholli
 
Scream 4 magazine analysis
Scream 4 magazine analysisScream 4 magazine analysis
Scream 4 magazine analysissjyoulton
 
Codes and Conventions of a Psychological Horror Poster
Codes and Conventions of a Psychological Horror PosterCodes and Conventions of a Psychological Horror Poster
Codes and Conventions of a Psychological Horror Posteranitahasani123
 
Codes and conventions of horror movie posters
Codes and conventions of horror movie postersCodes and conventions of horror movie posters
Codes and conventions of horror movie postersm_xch
 

Similar to Horror poster research (20)

Codes and conventions of horror movie posters & psychological horror movie po...
Codes and conventions of horror movie posters & psychological horror movie po...Codes and conventions of horror movie posters & psychological horror movie po...
Codes and conventions of horror movie posters & psychological horror movie po...
 
Psychological Drama poster features
Psychological Drama poster features Psychological Drama poster features
Psychological Drama poster features
 
Codes & Conventions of Film Posters
Codes & Conventions of Film PostersCodes & Conventions of Film Posters
Codes & Conventions of Film Posters
 
Generic conventions of Horror Film Posters
Generic conventions of Horror Film PostersGeneric conventions of Horror Film Posters
Generic conventions of Horror Film Posters
 
Film Poster Research
Film Poster Research Film Poster Research
Film Poster Research
 
Halloween poster analysis sasiane saku
Halloween poster analysis sasiane sakuHalloween poster analysis sasiane saku
Halloween poster analysis sasiane saku
 
Horror Film Posters
Horror Film PostersHorror Film Posters
Horror Film Posters
 
Codes and conventions of horror posters
Codes and conventions of horror postersCodes and conventions of horror posters
Codes and conventions of horror posters
 
Conventions of psychological thriller posters
Conventions of psychological thriller postersConventions of psychological thriller posters
Conventions of psychological thriller posters
 
Poster Analysis Three
Poster Analysis ThreePoster Analysis Three
Poster Analysis Three
 
Research of film posters
Research of film postersResearch of film posters
Research of film posters
 
Horror Poster Analyses
Horror Poster AnalysesHorror Poster Analyses
Horror Poster Analyses
 
Appendix 9 - Film Posters
Appendix 9 - Film PostersAppendix 9 - Film Posters
Appendix 9 - Film Posters
 
Poster Analysis Three
Poster Analysis ThreePoster Analysis Three
Poster Analysis Three
 
Poster Overview
Poster OverviewPoster Overview
Poster Overview
 
Scream 4 magazine analysis
Scream 4 magazine analysisScream 4 magazine analysis
Scream 4 magazine analysis
 
Poster Overview
Poster OverviewPoster Overview
Poster Overview
 
Codes and Conventions of a Psychological Horror Poster
Codes and Conventions of a Psychological Horror PosterCodes and Conventions of a Psychological Horror Poster
Codes and Conventions of a Psychological Horror Poster
 
Codes and conventions of horror movie posters
Codes and conventions of horror movie postersCodes and conventions of horror movie posters
Codes and conventions of horror movie posters
 
Poster Overview
Poster OverviewPoster Overview
Poster Overview
 

More from nh5460

Ident research
Ident researchIdent research
Ident researchnh5460
 
Horror poster research
Horror poster researchHorror poster research
Horror poster researchnh5460
 
Horror poster research
Horror poster researchHorror poster research
Horror poster researchnh5460
 
Film magazine research
Film magazine researchFilm magazine research
Film magazine researchnh5460
 
Ironman 3 title sequence analysis
Ironman 3 title sequence analysis Ironman 3 title sequence analysis
Ironman 3 title sequence analysis nh5460
 
Foo fighters
Foo fightersFoo fighters
Foo fightersnh5460
 
Thriller presentation , m,n,s,g
Thriller presentation , m,n,s,gThriller presentation , m,n,s,g
Thriller presentation , m,n,s,gnh5460
 

More from nh5460 (9)

Ident research
Ident researchIdent research
Ident research
 
Horror poster research
Horror poster researchHorror poster research
Horror poster research
 
Horror poster research
Horror poster researchHorror poster research
Horror poster research
 
Film magazine research
Film magazine researchFilm magazine research
Film magazine research
 
Genre
GenreGenre
Genre
 
Ironman 3 title sequence analysis
Ironman 3 title sequence analysis Ironman 3 title sequence analysis
Ironman 3 title sequence analysis
 
Genre
GenreGenre
Genre
 
Foo fighters
Foo fightersFoo fighters
Foo fighters
 
Thriller presentation , m,n,s,g
Thriller presentation , m,n,s,gThriller presentation , m,n,s,g
Thriller presentation , m,n,s,g
 

Recently uploaded

Accessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impact
Accessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impactAccessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impact
Accessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impactdawncurless
 
Measures of Dispersion and Variability: Range, QD, AD and SD
Measures of Dispersion and Variability: Range, QD, AD and SDMeasures of Dispersion and Variability: Range, QD, AD and SD
Measures of Dispersion and Variability: Range, QD, AD and SDThiyagu K
 
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdfActivity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdfciinovamais
 
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Paris 2024 Olympic Geographies - an activity
Paris 2024 Olympic Geographies - an activityParis 2024 Olympic Geographies - an activity
Paris 2024 Olympic Geographies - an activityGeoBlogs
 
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communication
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communicationInteractive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communication
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communicationnomboosow
 
Nutritional Needs Presentation - HLTH 104
Nutritional Needs Presentation - HLTH 104Nutritional Needs Presentation - HLTH 104
Nutritional Needs Presentation - HLTH 104misteraugie
 
Call Girls in Dwarka Mor Delhi Contact Us 9654467111
Call Girls in Dwarka Mor Delhi Contact Us 9654467111Call Girls in Dwarka Mor Delhi Contact Us 9654467111
Call Girls in Dwarka Mor Delhi Contact Us 9654467111Sapana Sha
 
1029 - Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
1029 -  Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf1029 -  Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
1029 - Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdfQucHHunhnh
 
Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...
Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...
Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...EduSkills OECD
 
Kisan Call Centre - To harness potential of ICT in Agriculture by answer farm...
Kisan Call Centre - To harness potential of ICT in Agriculture by answer farm...Kisan Call Centre - To harness potential of ICT in Agriculture by answer farm...
Kisan Call Centre - To harness potential of ICT in Agriculture by answer farm...Krashi Coaching
 
Class 11th Physics NEET formula sheet pdf
Class 11th Physics NEET formula sheet pdfClass 11th Physics NEET formula sheet pdf
Class 11th Physics NEET formula sheet pdfAyushMahapatra5
 
Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdf
Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdfWeb & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdf
Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdfJayanti Pande
 
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptxUnit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptxVishalSingh1417
 
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy ReformA Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy ReformChameera Dedduwage
 
social pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajan
social pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajansocial pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajan
social pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajanpragatimahajan3
 
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The BasicsIntroduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The BasicsTechSoup
 
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdf
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdfSanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdf
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdfsanyamsingh5019
 
The Most Excellent Way | 1 Corinthians 13
The Most Excellent Way | 1 Corinthians 13The Most Excellent Way | 1 Corinthians 13
The Most Excellent Way | 1 Corinthians 13Steve Thomason
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Accessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impact
Accessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impactAccessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impact
Accessible design: Minimum effort, maximum impact
 
Measures of Dispersion and Variability: Range, QD, AD and SD
Measures of Dispersion and Variability: Range, QD, AD and SDMeasures of Dispersion and Variability: Range, QD, AD and SD
Measures of Dispersion and Variability: Range, QD, AD and SD
 
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdfActivity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
 
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
 
Paris 2024 Olympic Geographies - an activity
Paris 2024 Olympic Geographies - an activityParis 2024 Olympic Geographies - an activity
Paris 2024 Olympic Geographies - an activity
 
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communication
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communicationInteractive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communication
Interactive Powerpoint_How to Master effective communication
 
Nutritional Needs Presentation - HLTH 104
Nutritional Needs Presentation - HLTH 104Nutritional Needs Presentation - HLTH 104
Nutritional Needs Presentation - HLTH 104
 
Call Girls in Dwarka Mor Delhi Contact Us 9654467111
Call Girls in Dwarka Mor Delhi Contact Us 9654467111Call Girls in Dwarka Mor Delhi Contact Us 9654467111
Call Girls in Dwarka Mor Delhi Contact Us 9654467111
 
1029 - Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
1029 -  Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf1029 -  Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
1029 - Danh muc Sach Giao Khoa 10 . pdf
 
Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...
Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...
Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...
 
Kisan Call Centre - To harness potential of ICT in Agriculture by answer farm...
Kisan Call Centre - To harness potential of ICT in Agriculture by answer farm...Kisan Call Centre - To harness potential of ICT in Agriculture by answer farm...
Kisan Call Centre - To harness potential of ICT in Agriculture by answer farm...
 
Class 11th Physics NEET formula sheet pdf
Class 11th Physics NEET formula sheet pdfClass 11th Physics NEET formula sheet pdf
Class 11th Physics NEET formula sheet pdf
 
Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdf
Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdfWeb & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdf
Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdf
 
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptxUnit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
Unit-IV- Pharma. Marketing Channels.pptx
 
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy ReformA Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
A Critique of the Proposed National Education Policy Reform
 
social pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajan
social pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajansocial pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajan
social pharmacy d-pharm 1st year by Pragati K. Mahajan
 
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The BasicsIntroduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
 
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdf
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdfSanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdf
Sanyam Choudhary Chemistry practical.pdf
 
INDIA QUIZ 2024 RLAC DELHI UNIVERSITY.pptx
INDIA QUIZ 2024 RLAC DELHI UNIVERSITY.pptxINDIA QUIZ 2024 RLAC DELHI UNIVERSITY.pptx
INDIA QUIZ 2024 RLAC DELHI UNIVERSITY.pptx
 
The Most Excellent Way | 1 Corinthians 13
The Most Excellent Way | 1 Corinthians 13The Most Excellent Way | 1 Corinthians 13
The Most Excellent Way | 1 Corinthians 13
 

Horror poster research

  • 3. Although many posters for horror films don’t include characters faces there are some that do. When faces are included they only ever tend to have one character in the poster or tend only to have the face of one character. The characters face tends to be supernatural in some way or is partly covered with black edges. In these cases the picture tends to take up all or most of the poster and any background tends to be black.
  • 4. •The hiding of characters is done to create quite an eerie effect which highlights the horror genre of the film. This can be done by having shadow over the character and when this is done there tends also to be a juxtaposition between colours so that the character stands out a lot within the poster. • When an antagonist is shown within a poster, what you tend to see of the character tends to be very limited. Faces tend to be very hidden and this tends to be done by showing the back of a character. When this is done the character tends to be holding a weapon or there is blood smears around them or on them. When this happens the film title is often placed quit central or to one side of the character, but it never covers up any main parts of an image such as the blood smears in the ‘Sinister’ poster or the knife in the ‘I Spit On Your Grave’.
  • 5. Red and white are both common in horror posters, usually coming in the text or the background colours. The font style used for the title is the same that is shown in the trailer for the film and within the opening of the film itself. The title is made to stand out the most in the poster even more so in many cases than the main picture. This is done through the font colour and through the boldness and size of the text. A common background colour to horror poster films is black and therefore white and red stand out whilst fitting in with the genre, red being symbolic of blood which is often shown within horrors and white resembling the innocence of the protagonist (s) .