The Dangers Of Residential Schools In Canada

The Dangers Of Residential Schools In Canada
80 Residential schools were developed and established all across Canada in 1931, and slowly over
the years, about 150 000 First Nation students attend the different schools. This happened because
many believed that education was one of the biggest factors to assimilation, and so the Canadian
Parliament changed the Indian Act requiring all children, ranging the ages of seven to fifteen to go
to school . The biggest concerns for the Indigenous at the time was that they had to trek thousands of
kilometres from home to the nearest school, unknown of the dangers these parents were sending
their children into. At these "academic" schools, English was stressed to speak when interacting with
others while native tongue and language was banned , due to the fact, most of these schools were ran
by churches. Also because these schools were ran by these churches, Christian religion and ideals
were emphasized, while Aboriginal Spirituality and culture was condemned. These poor kids were
separated from everything they knew about growing up, and they just threw them into a curriculum
and material that is so very different from what they knew and would get penalize from not
understanding and would feel like they were an outsider. And they would have to deal with this on
the daily. And what made it worse was the fact that many of these teachers were harsh and cruel
towards these students, hurting them physically, mentally or sexually, causing trauma they'd never
forget in their lives. The
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The Indian Act and residential school
The Indian Act of 1876 and many of its amending statutes contained sections that were
discriminatory towards Canadian Native Indians, and that legalized suppression of Indian customs
and traditions. In this paper, I will examine how one section of the Act, the one relating to residential
schools, contributed to the genocide of Indian culture. Ever since the first Europeans set foot on
Canadian soil in the 15th century, they have thought their culture and way of life was superior to
that of the Native North Americans. Initially the Europeans relied upon the Indians to show them
how to travel and survive in the wilds of Canada. They also were dependent on Indians as trading
partners and as military allies. However, as more settlers arrived ... Show more content on
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At the same time, those teachers tried to instill the white man's ways into them. The whole concept
of teaching in the residential schools was countering the traditional native lifestyle. Native children
had always learned through interacting with, emulating, and observing their parents and elders.
There was no structured educational system as there was in the schools. Parents thought that you
"...don't [want to] explain too much or you'll take away the opportunity to learn."(Goulet, 1998)
Discipline was another philosophy foreign to the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. Native parents
would let their children discover how to go about doing things by making mistakes on their own. If
a child tried something and it did not work out, the child would suffer the natural consequences of
their error and try to find a better way next time. The entire concept of striking a child was
completely unheard of and was thought to be extremely inappropriate and unnecessary. At both
Mopass and the Ontario school, these were common practices, as was starving children and taking
away their privileges. King (1967), for example describes a situation: "They starved us up there! We
got one egg a year–at Easter. The rest of the time we got dogfood mush [corn meal] and skim milk.
Them in the staff dining room, though, they got bacon and eggs everyday. We never saw fruit from
one Christmas to the next, but they sure had it. Why some of those kids just starved to death. One
year there was

Substance Abuse In Canada
The results of the government's efforts to assimilate Aboriginal people throughout Canada's history
has effected multiple generations of families and continues to have devastating effects on First
Nations communities today. It was under Prime Minister Sir John A MacDonald, in 1880, that the
plan to assimilate was first launched. Indigenous people were commonly disregarded and referred to
as savages, and considered to be uncivilized. During 1913–1934, Duncan Campbell Scott was the
Deputy Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Scott, now considered to be one of the worst Canadians of
all times, declared in 1920 – "I want to get rid of the Indian problem (...)" at which time it became
mandatory for every aboriginal child to attend residential school. ... Show more content on
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Substance abuse, mental health problems, relationship issues, domestic violence and lack of
parenting skills, are only a few of the issues that have impacted the survivors of residential schools,
as well as their families. Many survivors were left feeling lost and hopeless, with no supports and
unable to cope with the trauma they had experienced. The system designed to educate and civilize
the children was not a civilized system. It was a plan that was designated for failure from the start,
evidence that it is a part of history that never should have

The Canadian Government And The Aboriginal People
In the 19th century, The Canadian government believed that it was their job to educate the
Aboriginal people in Canada. European settlers felt that the aboriginal people were savage, ignorant,
and like children needed guidance, and needed to be "civilized". Ultimately, they wanted to
assimilate the Aboriginal people into Canadian and Christian ways of living life in Canada. The
Canadian government came up with a policy called "aggressive assimilation" to be taught at
industrial schools that would be run by the churches and government funded. They chose children to
go to these schools because they are easier to manipulate and mold than the adults and felt that
school was the best way to do so. With the hopes of the assimilated children will teach their children
their new way of life and that their traditions and culture will diminish or be completely gone in a
few generations. In the 1880's, the government began to construct the residential schools across
Canada. Authorities often would take kids from their home, to isolate them from their family and
familiar communities. In 1920 is when the Indian Act came in effect where every Aboriginal child
was obligated to attend a residential school and it was illegal for them to go to any other institution.
Moving on to oppression which Aboriginal children faced much of. Oppression is defined as the
social act of placing severe restrictions on an individual, group, or institution. The ultimate goal of
oppression is to keep the people

The Negative Effects Of Indian Residential Schools In Canada
The Canadian government created an Indian Residential school system which demonstrated racial
discrimination and caused many Indigenous families to suffer, in the year of 1883. However, the
concept was not simple, for all the injustice happening in these schools. This highlights the mistakes
made, due to Canada's government policies. Proving that the government is not always righteous
toward various communities. The government's choices caused a cultural genocide which impacts
the new generation in Canada's modern society. These religion driven schools destroyed the
Indigenous society. This is fragment of Canadian history that confounds both ones who were
responsible for the cause and those who did not take action toward the dilemma. However, the event
changed Canada as a whole. Although the catastrophic idea of Indian residential schools, coming to
reality caused plenty of treachery, it helped to advance the perspective of people, to build Canada
into the country it is today, although there is a question that follows the concept even today, will the
virtues learn be enough to repair the damage done? These schools did many wrong things, one of
which included performing a variety of nutritional and medical experiments on the students without
them consenting or their parents/guardians knowing. A great number of the aboriginal students,
which were used as subjects were killed due to the harsh experiments. Later, the statistics shown
proved none of those experiments led to

Exploring the Current day Impact of the Canadian Indian...
When someone speaks of great inequalities and human rights violations, very seldom is Canada as a
nation (in a broader sense,) conjured together with these thoughts. However, in reality probably
some of the greatest human right violations within our time and even within the late modern period,
and most concerning examples of them, can be found through looking back into Canadian history.
For many this may be a surprise to hear, however for others, specifically the native population of
Canada, we can assume this is well understood. Commonly known today as Indian residential
schools, a great act of wrong was committed under the command and leadership of the Canadian
government starting back with elementary roots through the passage of the ... Show more content on
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Corporal punishment and cruelties were seen when such things as previously discussed, like practice
of cultural and usage of native language, were practiced by native children in these residential
schools. Lack of basic life necessities in these residential schools also resulted in disturbing
mortality rates. Several doctors commissioned to inspect and report on health standings of children
in residential school, found results that would bring horror in relation to current world standards.
One doctor by the name of Dr. Bryce, found that in Western Canadian residential schools between
1894–1908, throughout a five year period thirty to sixty percent of a class would die (Bryce, 1922).
These findings and others were published in Dr. Bryce's book, The Story of a National Crime: Being
a Record of the Health Conditions of the Indians of Canada from 1904 to 1921. In total it is
estimated over 3000 children died from disease and lack of basic necessities during the time of
government run Indian residential schools in Canada from 1884 to the final closing in 1996 (The
Canadian Press, 2013). Mortality rates demonstrate well the scale and cruelty of the human right
violations that occurred in these residential schools, but only begins to touch the surface of other
atrocities such as previously mentioned. Physical and sexual abuse was common and in most cases
severe, and punishments and deprivation

The Social Determinants Of Health
From the initial contact of European settlers in North America to the lives of Indigenous people, has
had a tremendous impact comprehensively. After so, this contact decimated every aspect of the
Indigenous way of life. The health and well–being of Indigenous people initiated to worsen severely
not only in the physical aspect but also mental. According to National Household Survey conducted
in 2011, 1,400,685 people have been identified as being a member of one of the Aboriginal groups
within Canada. Within these Aboriginal groups, critical mental health issues such as major
depression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts, substance abuse disorder and post–traumatic stress disorder
have been experienced at both individual and collective levels ... Show more content on
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"The notion of soul wound is one which is at the core of much of the suffering that Indigenous
peoples have undergone for several centuries. This notion needs to be understood in a historical
context in order to be useful to the modern therapist providing therapeutic services and consultation
to the Native American community" (Duran and Duran, 1995). For generations and till this present
day, Indigenous people of Canada have suffered historical trauma immeasurably. It consists mainly
of colonization and imposition of systems such as residential schools and reserve systems. Since the
initial contact between the European and Indigenous populace, the effects of it has been quite
astounding. Colonization has been a crucial factor in affecting mental health of aboriginal people,
which has been resisting since beginning. There is no perfect definition for colonization but other
foreigners can define it as some form of invasion, dispossession and subjugation of a people's. It is
the process of capturing another nation's property or territory in purpose of ruling power (History of
Colonization, 2012). The invasion could be any kind including a geographical intrusion in the form
of agricultural, urban or industrial encroachments etc. The large part of Canadian history is the
history of colonization of aboriginal people, which has started with the European and Aboriginal
relationship (LaRocque, n.d.). This relationship is an unfair by nature that only reimburses the

Trc Essay
Introduction:
In this Truth and Reconciliation Report a variety of topics will be discussed. First, I will explain
what the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) is, who makes up the commission, and how
they were picked. Then, I will explain the purpose of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission,
why the commission was created, and what are they responding to. In addition, I will provide two
critiques of the TRC report, identify how social work can respond to the TRC report, and identify
how I might respond to the TRC report in my personal/professional life. Lastly, I will provide a
conclusion summarizing what was spoken about in this Truth and Reconciliation Report.
What is the Truth and Reconciliation Commission? The truth and reconciliation commission is an
element of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (Truth and reconciliation
commission of Canada (TRC), n.d., para.1). The TRC is a response based on comprehensive and
holistic approaches (TRC, n.d.). It acknowledges the residential school system, and other
inequalities ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They are responding to the Government of Canada for their ongoing unjust, and harsh treatment
towards their communities. The purpose of the TRC is to document the authentic truth of First
Nations, Inuit, and Métis residential school survivors (TRC, n.d., para.2). Also, to document their
families, communities, the churches, the government, and anyone who was personally affected
(TRC, n.d.). Furthermore, promoting awareness and educating all non–Aboriginal Canadians on the
Residential School System, its legacy, and its destructive impacts (TRC, n.d.). Also, the TRC has
included recommendations to the Government of Canada regarding the Residential School System
and its legacy (TRC, n.d.). Lastly, the TRC wants to motivate Aboriginal Peoples, and non–
Aboriginal Canadians in a reconciliation process, and create new relationships built on mutual
understandings (TRC,

The Secret Path Analysis
Gord Downie's Album " The Secret Path," tells the story of Chanie Wenjack– A 12–year–old boy
who died escaping a Residential school near Kenora, Ontario. Chanie died from Hypothermia and
hunger beside a Railway track. His death made National Headlines and the first in–depth look into
Indigenous children in Canadian Residential schools. Chanie is also known as "Charlie"– His
teachers miss named him, while attending a Canadian Residential school.
Chanie Wenjack grew up in Ogoki Post, On the Marten falls reserve. He lived with his parents,
sisters and 2 dogs. At the time Ogoki Post did not have a functioning school system. The Canadian
Residential school system where Presbyterian–ran. These children attending these schools did not
consent ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I do understand how chaine feels and I can also relate to people trying to change who you are..
Chaine Wenjack is definitely a person that should be remembered. He fought for his freedom, and he
lost his life trying to be himself. He was trapped, I would want to get out too if I was in his situation.
I think that what Gord Downie is doing is truly inspirational. He is trying to bring attention to
something so big. I personally think Mr. Downie is trying to leave a legacy behind for when it is his
time. Most people in the entertainment would do some meaningless gestures... But Mr .Downie
knows that he is doing is going to make a difference in how the First nations are being treated.
People are mad that the first nations don't pay taxes, But I believe that they shouldn't have to pay
them because they went through a lot. Their families were separated and torn apart. Their children
were taken from them. They are hurt. They have every right to be. Chaine was my age when he died.
He died trying to be someone he didn't want to be. I hope that Justin Trudeau looks at his plan and
does something about the reserves. I hope he is going to use a big part of the budget for reserves. So
they can also have a life, a better one. They deserve to be treated with respect and dignity. Chaine
Wenjack died with none and so did many

Imposition Of Residential Schools Essay
Residential schools were a normal aspect of Aboriginal people's lives in the 19th and 20th century.
The purpose of a residential school was to convert Aboriginal children to Christianity and to
assimilate them into Western culture. They were operated through the Canadian government and the
church. Aboriginal children were forcibly taken from their parents and put into a school, full–time.
They were mistreated which led to problems that still afflict the Aboriginal population of Canada
today. Many Aboriginal people want the Canadian government to recognize the inhumane and
heinous acts that have been done and want compensation. The imposition of residential schools has
greatly impacted the Aboriginal population which resulted in many repercussions ... Show more
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The mistreatment of Aboriginal children at residential schools caused detrimental impacts on their
identity and even led to death. Furthermore, this has led to many repercussions that negatively affect
their communities and made them more prone to criminal acts. There have also been rising tensions
between the Aboriginal population and the Canadian government due to the protests for
compensation. The imposition of residential schools has negatively impacted the lives of the
Aboriginal population and the government must take action for the betterment of their

Indian Horse : An Illustration Of The Trauma Natives
As Native's live throughout their lives they face inherent obstacles requiring drastic measures to
overcome. Indian Horse provides first person narrative into the exciting life of Saul Indian Horse as
he makes his way to the top echelon of hockey excellence. This elite status comes a price however.
Natives such as Saul, and Fred Sasakamoose have endured horrid pasts filled with mental, physical
and sexual abuse. This abuse necessitates some a means to escape this reality and hockey is used
throughout this novel to illustrate how it can be used as a means to mentally and physically escape.
Sadly, once Saul's career is over it becomes evident that a need for escape is inevitable and alcohol
quickly becomes the vise that provides it. Wagamese uses Indian horse as an illustration of the
trauma Natives live with due to the residential schools and how is used as a catalyst to mentally and
physically escape their suffering. Throughout the 1900's it was common practice for Canadians to
place native children in Christian residential homes. In order to attend these institutions native kids
we're forcefully removed from their families and forced to permanently live in residential schools
that were often a great distance away from their home and their families. In these schools the goal
was simple; reform the native children to adapt more Christian ideologies. As a result native
children were not permitted to talk in their native tongue, or practice any of the previous cultural

Aboriginal People's Life
Life was phenomenal for the Aboriginal people, they were living a great, cheerful, and peaceful life
until one explorer arrived, they saw a massive ship that sailed on to their land. A man named
Christopher Columbus came. After that day, all the Aboriginal people's life became abominable. The
Europeans brought with themselves a new lifestyle, tradition, language, culture, and beliefs. It
changed the Aboriginal people's life massively. This essay will describe what happened when the
Canadian government forced the aboriginal people to go to Residential Schools and what hardship
the aboriginal people faced during the northern gateway pipeline dilemma. The Residential Schools
brought great amount of trouble for the aboriginal people, it was made ... Show more content on
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But they are still talking this through. "It is not difficult to imagine the pipeline
proceeding"http://www.theglobeandmail.com/ This project will give the Aboriginal people one
billion dollars worth of long–term benefits and "380 long–term jobs and nearly 1100 construction
jobs while boosting local goods and services contracts by over $200 million."
http://www.gatewayfacts.ca/Benefits/Benefits–To–Alberta.aspx. The government also has
mentioned that they will protect the land and the marine life because they are "building the safest
pipeline Canada ever seen" and "spill prevention, response and recovery system." The biggest news
however is the facts that the old companies also believe that creating the pipeline is not good for the
environment because it has thicker oil,which is more harmful and contains more pollutants. Is the
pipeline going to be built?, in one way it will revolutionize Canada into a better and more economic
place and will result into a more profitable country with more job opportunities. In the Aboriginal
people's perspective,it will shatter the aboriginal people's lives and not give them their

Research’S Significance In Advancing A Reader’S Understanding
Research's Significance in Advancing a Reader's Understanding of Characters Context's ability to
act as the defining factor between two pieces of seemingly similar information makes it an
incredibly important aspect of literature and conversation. It fills the role of both differentiator and
educator through its ability to provide additional knowledge for interpretation which is otherwise
excluded from the original material. Acting in the role of an educator, historical context can
deconstruct the absences of knowledge surrounding several of Monkey Beach's characters who have
endured childhood trauma. Delving into the Canadian residential school system which existed from
the 1880's until 1986 with the strong determination "to assimilate ... Show more content on
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Combining this research, with the brief information about Trudy's attendance at a residential school
allows us to infer to her alcoholism is a coping mechanism which enables her to live with the
traumatic childhood memories from her residential schooling. Apart from Trudy's alcoholism, her
character presents several aspects and behaviours which can be summarized as a lack of proper
parenting skills. Within this novel, there is little explanation for Trudy's deficiency in this area. As
such, the reader is left with the most probable explanation being her alcohol abuse. This may seem
the most probable considering when intoxicated she becomes highly abusive towards her daughter,
going as far as to tell her to "shut up you whore" (128). However, through the historical context
provided by research, information points to another explanation for her absence of parenting skills.
When a child is placed in an environment like a residential school which was beyond notorious for
its "inadequate parenting, parenting skills are often deficient" (Brasfield 2001). Bearing in mind the
absence of remotely proper parenting skills at residential schools, there is a strong amount of
evidence suggesting Trudy's lack of skill in this area stems from her attendance at a residential
school. Charles Brasfield's research suggests residential schooling adversely affects its attendee's
future ability to parent considering residential school

The Project Heart Healing Ceremony And Film
The Project Heart healing ceremony and film can be described by thinking of it in terms of story
types. Annette Simmons suggests various story types that storytellers may choose from when
attempting to lead or influence others. Simmons discusses one, the "Vision" story, in which the
storyteller uses sensory detail to express an emotional appeal for a future outcome (14–17). Thus,
Leslie asks residential school survivors to share their life experiences with members of their
community. She does this because she has a vision that when members of the audience honor the
journey of survivors by hearing their testimony, it will help all members of her community to heal.
"So you see, I think of it as an amazing new beginning, where we open our ... Show more content on
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She also uses her public platform to teach that sharing stories and having them acknowledged and
honored leads to a path for healing for those whose voices have been historically silenced. Another
leadership story type that Simmons discusses is the "Values–in–Action" story, which brings values
to life by respectfully "instilling [them] in a way that keeps people thinking for themselves" (20).
Leslie asks the schoolchildren to imagine what it must have been like to be raised in an Indian
residential school, stating that the children are "the next generation who will walk forward with
values and ideals that will change our world and make it a better place" (Project Heart). The adults
who participated in the ceremony (in addition to those who view it through film) must also face the
same question, as well as face their individual and collective values as demonstrated by their
response to her poignant inquiry. That is to say, if adults see children acting according to a certain
ethical standard, the adults are also likely to choose to follow with their own ethical actions. Finally,
Simmons discusses what she names "I know what you are thinking" stories, in which the storyteller
attempts to name the audience's objections as a way of disarming any potential resistance to
influence (23–26). Leslie tells the children at the beginning and the end of the Project Heart film that
she teaches history from multiple perspectives because she loves Canada. "I tell

Literary Analysis : ' Indian Horse ' By Richard Wagamese
Richard Wagamese was a Native author from Northwestern Ontario. His writing career began in the
late 1970's and came to an end on March 10th 2017 with his death. Richard Wagamese has left
behind a legacy as well as stories that will continue to live on. Indian Horse, a novel by Richard
Wagamese, tells a "rising through the ashes" tale of Saul Indian Horse, who faces countless
challenges throughout his life. As a child, Saul is taken by the government and sent to a Residential
School. While in the Residential School, Saul distracts himself from his cold reality with hockey. It
is soon discovered that Saul has inherited his great–grandfather's gift of "knowing where to look"
(58) and quickly learns how to play the game with great skill. ... Show more content on
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His lack of guidance from his parents is owed to their own traumatic experiences at Residential
School. Saul's parents have since turned to alcohol as a coping method. Since his mother and father
were raised away from their families they never learned about their culture. Which lead to Saul's
lifelong challenge of searching for his identity. Saul had two siblings, a sister named Rachel and a
brother named Ben. His sister Rachel was taken away from his family before he can remember.
Although both of his parents were present, neither of them were emotionally capable of raising the
boys. Their grandmother became their main caretaker, protecting them from the Zhaunagush (white
men). Any time a threat was near they were forced to hide deep in the bush. When Saul was four, his
brother Ben was taken away from their family at gunpoint.
Ben ran away from a Residential School in Kenora. He returned to his family in awful condition,
because while attending Residential School Ben had become infected with tuberculosis. As young as
Saul was, he knew that his brother was changed by the school, that it was "odd to see the
expressions of a grown man on a boy's face" (16). Saul's family was worried that men from the
school would come looking for Ben and find Saul too. They decided they must go somewhere where
they couldn't be found, so the headed to God's Lake. Shortly after arriving to God's Lake, Ben was
over taken by the disease.
Following Ben's death, Saul's parents leave with

Residential Schools
Long before Europeans came to North America, The Aboriginal people had a highly developed way
of life. This however all changed when the Europeans decided to settle among them. For the
Anglophones and the French people of Canada it became more and more evident that something
drastic would need to be done in order to fit them into their ideal perception of what it was to be
Canadian. With the help of the church the Canadian government implemented the residential school
system, which was devoted to providing a disciplined based ideal that promoted rejection of the
aboriginal culture in favor of the dominant white population. The residential system would
eventually become an official Canadian policy for the education of Indian. Even though ... Show
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To try and learn it again was hard, that is why it eventually loss its place in society. Those that were
in charge worked hard to take away the ability to speak and share their feelings and experiences with
one another "Children entering Residential schools were literally forbidden to speak their own
languages so there was no way for a child to communicate until English was learned."[6] All in all
this added to long last effects caused by the residential school system. Spirituality often can be
classified to an ultimate or immaterial reality or inner path enabling a person to discover the essence
of their being; or the deepest values and meanings by which people live. This can be true for the
aboriginal people, whose concept of spirituality is derived from the concept of the Dreaming, where
the roots lie in a variety of stories, ceremonies, values and structures. In the beginning many people
held on to what ever they could, holding on to their idea of themselves a connection to the families
that they left behind. However, in order to wipe away any thought or lingering feelings "many
masks, regalia. And ritual artifacts were confiscated and burned as pagan works of the devil– or
simply held and later sold for profit."[7] This was devastating as many lost whatever connection
they had to the outside world, their families and their spirituality. While in residential schools
"Children were taught that the beliefs of their

Residential Schools In Residential Schools
From 1863 to 1996, many Indigenous child were forced to attend residential schools, where they
were separated from their families and culture and experienced neglect, abuse and trauma (Bombay,
Matheson, & Anisman, 2011, p.367). This essay will explore the history and purpose of residential
schools, how it impacted Indigenous children and families at the time of the events, and how to this
day it still affects them. Indigenous Residential Schools impacted the First Peoples of Canada
physically, mentally and emotionally which resulted in their loss of identity, culture, spirituality, and
traditions in the past and present.
History and Purpose:
Indigenous Residential Schools were experimented in parts of Canada was early as the 1620s but
they had very minimal success in accomplishing what they wanted. Missionaries ran the residential
school but found it hard to recruit students, keep them at school, and they complained that they
could not physically punish the children. The state got involved in the schooling of Indigenous
children after Canada became a country in 1867 (Blackburn, 2012, p. 290). Canadian residential
schools were also inspired by a similar practice in the USA in the 1880s. Their plan was to
assimilate Indigenous children into Euro–Canadian culture. The schools were operated by Christian
churches and they thought that by removing Indigenous children from their parents and
communities they would be more quickly assimilated (Woods, 2013, p. 173–174). Figure 1

Development Of The Residential School System
"I just don't like to talk about it or even think about it. Sometimes when I am by myself, doing
beadwork or something. I stop all the sudden and tears just start coming down"
: A quote from Aggie George recalling of her experience in the Lejac Indian Residential School
(Legacy of Hope Foundation, 2001). In the 1880s all the way to the 1990's roughly 150,000
aboriginal children where removed from their communities and homes to attend the residential
school system set up by the government and operated by the Christian churches (Government of
Canada, 2015). The purpose of these residential schools was to isolate Aboriginal children from
their families and assimilate them into the dominant culture (First Nations Study Program, 2009). As
the history of the residential school system unfolds it becomes evident that the Canadian
Government attempted to eradicate the Aboriginals culture and lifestyle. The residential school
system was a devastating crime against Aboriginal cultures and has had lasting and debilitating
effects on their populations.
The residential schools were a wide spread school system that was established by the Canadian
government and organized by the Christian churches (Government of Canada, 2015). The goal of
these schools was to educate Aboriginal children in Christianity and to adapt them into mainstream
society. The children in these schools were forced to abandon their heritage, and were separated
from their families. The aboriginal school is system was

The Expansion Of Sport For Development
Introduction: Sport has often been viewed as an agent linked to the constructive development of
individuals and as a mechanism that can foster positive social change within communities. As such,
this paper intends to examine the recent expansion of sport for development (SFD) programs within
Canadian Aboriginal communities by exploring the historical and concurrent structure of Aboriginal
sport initiatives within Canada. Given this, the most pervasively used definition of SFD came in
2003, from the United Nations Inter–Agency Task Force on Sport for Development and Peace,
which recognized it as, "all forms of physical activity that contribute to physical fitness, mental
well–being and social interaction, such as play, recreation, organized or competitive sport, and
indigenous sports and games" (UN, 2003, pp. 5). In Canada, the Canadian Sport Policy, exemplified
the institutionalization of this paradigm and formalized the perceived value of SFD initiatives as
evidenced by the creation of a strategy specifically intended for Indigenous participation and
prioritization in Canadian sport: the Aboriginal Participation Policy (Paraschak, 2012; Te Hiwi,
2014). This policy is significant because it is the primary means of guiding Sport Canada's efforts as
it works with both the Federal and Provincial levels of government to confront systemic inequities,
which limit Aboriginal peoples' participation in sport (Thibault & Harvey, 2013). Moreover, the APP
was predicated upon the

Residential Schools Vs. Public Schools
Residential School's were introduced back in the 1870's, they were made to change the way native
children spoke their languages and how they viewed their cultures. The residential school system in
Canada was operated by the government, where the native children were aggressively forced away
from their loved ones to participate in these schools (1000 Conversations). The government had a
concept, where they can modernize the native children, aged of three to eighteen and extinguish the
aboriginal culture. In the twentieth century the Canadian Public School's had arrived and had
improved treatments than residential schools. In Contrast, the treatments within these schools were
both different, whereas Canadian public school students had more freedom than residential school
students because children were taken away from their families. However, the treatment in these
schools were different and some what similar. Even though Residential schools and Canadian Public
schools were similar in some form, there were numerous amounts of differences in how the children
were taught, how they were treated and how their living conditions were like throughout these
schools.
Residential schools were the one of the worst decisions the Canadian government had made. As they
planned this idea with the churches across Canada, it became unforgettable for the native people.
These schools changed the way native people lived in Canada. The children in these schools were
abused and neglected everyday

Broken Circle The Dark Legacy Of Residential Education
In the book Broken Circle: The Dark Legacy of Indian Residential Schools, the author discusses his
gruesome experiences while attending the Indian Residential School systems. Theodore Fontaine
was stripped away from his family at the young age of seven, and sent to a residential school,
operated by the Canadian government. Fontaine begins the book by explaining his joyful and
culturally rich life as a young Ojibway child. Later, Fontanne was forced to attend Fort Alexander
Residential School, where he was punished for displaying any aspect of his indigenous culture.
These punishments include insidious forms of abuse: emotional, physical, and sexual. The story of a
young, innocent child, experiencing such misery and distresses is an example

Canadian Indian Residential Schools : Material Cultures Of...
Canadian Indian Residential Schools:
Truth Be Told
Katy McNabb
HIS755 – Material Cultures of North America
October 30th, 2014
The history of Canadian Indian Residential schools has attracted a considerable amount of attention
in Canada in recent years. Most people do not want to revisit the pain and suffering that countless
Aboriginal peoples endured, and the loss of such beautiful cultures. Since the introduction of the
Canadian Indian Residential school system in 1857, through the Gradual Civilization Act, there has
been concern whether the outcome of the schools would leave a positive or negative mark on the
Aboriginal peoples of Canada. Although there are many recorded cases of abuse and ill treatment;
within the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This was evident in a interview with David Ashdown, the Executive Archdeacon and now bishop of
Keewatin1. David was a supervisor at the Stringer Hall Residential school in Invuvik for four years,
and recounts the positive experiences; "The students were very good, very bright. I was proud to be
a part of it. I had a sense that these young people would be the future leadership of the Northwest
Territories. And they were. One became prime minister; another a deputy minister, several became
chiefs, mayors or business leaders."2 David is quick to defend the school system in response to
complaints. He talks freely about a conversation with a friend and a school administrator: "But look
at all the good that came out of it. Look at yourself, for example.' David's student replied: 'Yeah, I
learned to survive there'"3. David, however, was a Christian Canadian, and may have had a slight
biased on how he viewed the success of the children. David believes that the children "flourished"
while his student replies that they merely "survived". When the depletion of buffalo populations, an
invaluable resource for many Aboriginal peoples, occurred in the 1870's, it destroyed the economy
of the Plains Indians and Métis, and it then seemed necessary to help them convert from hunting to
agriculture as a way of survival.4 Tom Flanagan, a professor of political science at the University of
Calgary; author of First Nations? Second Thoughts questions whether or not the Aboriginal

Offensive Facts Essay
Most Offensive Facts About the world we live in. A truly great library contains something in it to
offend everyone. Just a glimpse in our history and we see people, society, kings, governments being
the cause of pain to their so called own people. Some of those acts confuses us while some are just
plainly horrible. All becomes easy when we follow the current of opinion, it is the ruler of the world.
Whatever is the case, we are all curious and sometimes we even want to know things about the
world that aren't entirely pleasant. And thanks to reddit and other sources, we were able to pick up
some offensive facts for your consideration. 1. 19431001819275Refugee politics in Switzerland
during World War II towards Jews displaying a despicable ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Some Hindu groups alleged that Staines had forcibly converted or lured many Hindus into
Christianity, Staines' widow Gladys denied these allegations. On the night of 22 January 1999, he
attended a jungle camp in Manoharpur, He was on his way to Keonjhar with his sons, who had come
back on holiday from their school at Ooty. They broke the journey for the camp and decided to
spend the night in Manoharpur. After that, they slept in the vehicle because of the severe cold. His
wife and daughter had remained in Baripada. According to reports, a mob of about 50 people, armed
with axes and other implements, attacked the vehicle while Staines and the children were fast asleep
and his station wagon where he was sleeping was set alight by the mob. Graham, Philip and
Timothy Staines were burnt alive. Staines and his sons apparently tried to escape, but were allegedly
prevented by a mob. The murders were widely condemned by religious and civic leaders,
politicians, and journalists. HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graham_Staines"Source 3.
Canadian Indian residential school system – a horribly racist attempt to "take the native out of the
child". 10858505610225In a horribly racist attempt to "integrate" the native population of Canada,
the Roman Catholic Church partnered with the Federal government came up with the brilliant idea
of making residential schools mandatory for all native children in Canada. Over the course of
approximately 120

What Are Residential Schools In Canada
Aboriginal men and women who lived through residential schools brought the concern of residential
schools onto the public agenda.[2] Their work resulted in the Indian Residential School Settlement
Agreement, which stipulated a residential school Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada
be conducted.[2] The commission concluded that the Canadian residential school system was
established for the purpose of separating children from their families.[2] According to the
commission, this was done with the intention to minimize the family's ability to pass along their
cultural heritage to their children.[2][3] The commission spent six years traveling to different parts
of Canada to hear the testimony of approximately six thousand Aboriginal people who were taken
away from their families and placed in residential schools as children. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Some former students made allegations of physical, psychological, and sexual abuse and neglect.[4]
The commission studied records and took testimony for evidence of activities alleged to have
occurred at residential schools, as well as the negative effects resulting from the schools' stated aim
to assimilate First Nations children into the majority culture. The matter of student deaths at these
institutions and the burial of deceased students in unmarked graves without the notification or
consent of the parents was an additional item on the

Is Canada Committed Acts Of Genocide?
Intro:
When the term "genocide" is used, the majority of people will immediately call to memory one of a
few widely recognized instances where this atrocity was committed. The Holocaust, Rwanda, Darfur
or Armenia are among the most well known, but are they the only instances where genocide has
occurred? Surely not, but this is indicative of a problem we are faced with today. Since the term
"genocide" was coined, countries are very wary of admitting to any acts of wrongdoing in their
history which may fit that definition. Canada is not exempt from this thinking, and because of this
we must ask, has Canada ever committed acts of Genocide? This paper will look at one relatively
recent example that can be used to answer "yes" to this question; the residential school system.
Canada's Indian Residential School (IRS) system and it's treatment of Indigenous children was not
just dark and brutal, but in fact constituted a "genocide" as defined by the 1948 UN Convention on
Genocide.
From the 1870's until the last school closed in 1996, at least 150,000 Indigenous children attended
residential schools in Canada. More than 130 government mandated schools existed across the
country. These schools were church administered, with the express purpose of forcibly removing
Indigenous children from their native culture, in an effort to assimilate them into Euro–Canadian
culture and thereby "kill the Indian in the child". Countless families were torn apart as the Canadian
government placed

The History Of Canada
The history of Canada spans over hundreds of years. There have been endless defining occasion's in
our country's history that have constructed, and shaped our country. Canada has shaped as a nation
politically, economically and socially through many consequences we have faced and many
moments we have celebrated. Events such as the women's suffrage, Terry Fox's Marathon of Hope,
and Stephen Harper apologizing to aboriginal people regarding what happened with the Residential
School System have had a lasting impact on our country. Their significance to Canadian history is
evident through the impact they have had on many of our citizens. They have played a leading role
in carving our history to be the way it is today.
People in the early ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Subsequent to the year 1919, many doors were opened for Canadian women and they were able to
achieve a greater role in society. A role, in which they still hold today.
Terrance Fox was motivated to make the world a better place. Diagnosed with osteosarcoma in
1977, he was determined to make the world aware of this type of cancer and raise money for cancer
research. When Terry was diagnosed, doctors declared that he had less than a 50% chance of
survival. He then was required to have one of his legs amputated. Just three weeks after his surgery,
he was active and joined a wheelchair basketball league. During that time, he read an article about a
man participating in the New York Marathon who was amputated just as he was. Terry decided if he
could run across Canada on one strong leg, he would be able to make people aware of this cancer
and raise money for it. His race began on August 12th 1979. As he endured tough weather
conditions throughout the month of August, word began to spread worldwide. A few weeks after he
left his hometown to begin this magnificent expedition, he reached Toronto. It is estimated on that
one day he raised over 100 million dollars. Terry had every intention to finish his marathon, but
physically he could not. The cancer spread and he was forced to stop just outside of Thunder Bay.
Terry passed away on June 28th, 1981. To this day, he is one of the most influential individuals in
the history of Canada. Money for

Residential Schools In Monkey Beach By Eden Robinson
Residential schools are educational institutions established for Indigenous children. It was funded by
the Canadian government and administered by Christian churches with the sole purpose of civilizing
the native children and assimilate them into the modern western culture. In the novel Monkey
Beach, Eden Robinson describes the impact of residential schools on multiple characters in the
story. Uncle Mick, Aunt Trudy, and Josh are just a few who have experienced many types of abuse–
physical, sexual, emotional and spiritual. Those horrid memories left permanent emotional scars and
still resides with them even until adulthood. Residential schools disrupted lives, isolated families,
eliminated cultural identity and caused long–term problems among the Indigenous community. With
the passage of the British North American Act in the 1867 and the implementation of the Indian Act
in 1876, the "government was required to provide Indigenous youth with an education to integrate
them into Canadian society" (Brady 1995). The first residential schools were set up in the 1880s and
peaked around the 1920s. After the residential school system was established, children were stripped
away from their parents and had no freedom to choose whether they wanted to attend. In these
schools heavily controlled by catholic churches, children were forced to pray to whom they had no
connection with and forbidden to practice their own culture. The goal was to "convert the children to
Christianity and

Reconciliation In Australia
Reconciliation between the Canadian government and aboriginals
Reconciliation between the Canadian government and aboriginals remains one of the most
challenging problems for the country. Scientists define reconciliation as the process of building a
mutually respectful interaction between aboriginal peoples and non–aboriginals in Canada. This can
be achieved through proper reflection on the past conflicts, acknowledgement of the past mistakes
made by both sides of the process, as well as considerable changes in the future. This essay
concentrates on the efforts of reconciliation by the Canadian government and the impact of
residential schools on First Nations communities. Firstly, it examines how residential schools have
impacted Aboriginals. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The government has, over the years since made various attempts at reconciliation including the
Kelowna accord and the Royal Commission on Aboriginal people. The Royal Commission was a
huge step, however, a CBC news article noted that more apologies are needed to fully reconcile with
aboriginals. An example would be calling on the pope and the church to apologize for their part in
the residential schools. The most important steps, are the acceptance of responsibility and the
expression of regret. For many aboriginal people, a commitment to reconciliation means promoting
more specified efforts, as well greater funding, for Indigenous initiatives. Reconciliation, numerous
aboriginal leaders accept, ought to be motioned by the government's responsiveness to aboriginal
needs and demands. This point is a very important one as reconciliation requires a vast number of
responsibilities and obligations. In this case, the Canadian government has much more if not all the
responsibility and obligation compared to the aboriginals. The aboriginal's role is to bring smart
decisions to the table whenever they are able to. The relevant example is the concerns expressed
over the bill C–44, which recommended that complaints against First Nations governments should
have been considered by independent First Nations institutions. Yet, despite the recommendation,
the bill was not changed.

Reflecting On The Residential School System
RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL SYSTEM
3. In reflecting on the Residential School System in Canada, discuss why Elders teachings and
courses in Indigenous studies are important today. Between 1875 and 1996, First Nations children
were forced to attended residential schools to be systematically assimilated into an English–
Christian society through abuse, segregation, and racism. Residential schools were created by the
Canadian government to transition First Nations children into a newly colonized Canada, but
somewhere something went wrong and the policy of teaching was corrupted into assimilation
through abuse. The priority of residential schools was to kill the Indian in the child. As a result many
languages and cultures were lost as children were not taught the traditions of their heritages and
could not pass on this knowledge to their children. Residential schools directly contributed to the
loss of the First Nations traditional cultures and created a cycle of abuse for generations to come.
Dickason, Olive Patricia and Long, David. (2011). Visions of the Heart. Oxford University Press.
First Nations Elders maintain traditional lifestyles and beliefs. They continue to spread the oral
traditions that once were very well known. After residential schools were created a lot of knowledge
was lost from the First Peoples, and the Elders have become a primary source for this knowledge
perseverance.
"Elders continue to accrue, especially both to their role and function and to the

Child Welfare In Canada Essay
It is the assumption of many that Canada is a nation free of racism. Canadians pride themselves on
being culturally diverse and accepting, and on having relatively progressive social policies such as
that of universal healthcare. However, there are many ways in which the current and historical
policies have expressed explicit racism that have left an already marginalized population with the
crumbs of society. A prime example of this can be demonstrated in the mass overrepresentation of
Aboriginal youth in care. By the year 2010, there were around twenty–seven thousand Indigenous
children in the Canadian child welfare system who were living in some sort of out–of–home care
(Chappell, 2014). Although they represented only seven percent of the children in Canada, they
made up 48 percent of all children in foster care. (Yukselir & Annett, 2016). This phenomenon is not
a recent trend, as it has been occurring since the very creation of modern child welfare in Canada as
it is known, and it has its roots deep in Canadian history. This paper will demonstrate a timeline of
the events which have lead to this phenomenon in Canada, specifically focusing on the province of
Ontario. Important facts which may have contributed to the overrepresentation of this population
will be discussed, such as historical methods of colonization in regards to child welfare including
the implementation of the residential school system and the Sixties Scoop. Policies that have also
had a profound impact,

The Film, Rhymes For Young Ghouls
In the film, Rhymes for Young Ghouls, Mi'gmaq filmmaker Jeff Barnaby uses film syntax (mise–
en– scène, montages, diachronic shots, synchronic shots, and cutting) to assist him in telling a tale
about the historical violence done to Indigenous men, women, and children by the Canadian
government and the residential school system (Boo 220). The purpose of the film Rhymes for Young
Ghouls is to bring awareness to a wider audience who may or may not be aware of the violence
inflicted on Indigenous people, violence that was sanctioned by the Canadian legislation and state
(Boo 211). In the film, Barnaby illustrates how non–Indigenous men were not concerned with
gender when beating an Indigenous person; women were beaten the same as men were. In ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Dymphna's. After being set free, Aila and her friends steal Popper's money. They free Joseph, whom
Popper took into custody (Carleton). Popper finds Joseph and Aila, interrupting Joseph telling Aila
about how residential school damaged her mom, he knocks Joseph unconscious with his rifle, then
beats Aila and tries to rape her. Popper is interrupted by a young boy and shot with his own rifle.
Joseph takes responsibility for Popper's death, saving Aila and the boy from prosecution, giving
them a chance for freedom (Carleton). In his film, Barnaby uses a diachronic shot and a synchronic
shot to depict how there was no gender discrimination when it came to inflicting violence on an
Indigenous body. For instance, a sequence of cut shots begins with a medium shot of Aila peacefully
riding down a dirt road. Where all of a sudden, a long shot shows one of Aila's friend is running
from someone (Barnaby). The shot changes to a medium shot of him yelling for Aila to run; the shot
becomes a close–up of Aila from the shoulders up, she faces forward and out of nowhere a white
man sucker punches Aila. The shot changes to a medium shot, showing her fall to the ground and
the man walks back to her and tells her to give her friend a message. The camera view becomes a
synchronic shot to give the audience a view of what Aila sees as the man stomps on her face,
knocking her unconscious (Barnaby). From beginning to end of the diachronic shots, the audience is
set up to

The Damages Caused by Canadian Residential Schools for...
In the nineteenth century, the government of Canada felt it had an obligation to the nations people to
educate the Indigenous population of the country. The federal government sought to pursue this task
through the development of residential schools. Under this system, framed by the Davin Report,
Congregations of Christian missionaries were responsible for providing compulsory education to
Indigenous children within governmentally constructed schools. They were charged with
assimilating these children into mainstream culture and convert them into members of "civilized
society". The resulting actions on part of the Canadian government and acting missionaries have
caused detrimental psychological and emotional trauma to survivors of these residential schools;
trauma that has crossed intergenerational boundaries since the induction of the system. The direct
outcomes of the residential school system have resulted in a form of trauma with cross–generational
effects among contemporary Indigenous societies, known as historical trauma. The concept of
historical trauma was first applied to Jewish Holocaust genocide survivors and their descendants ,
and has recently been applied to survivors of the Indian Residential School system and their
offspring since the abolition of these schools began in the 1960s. The psychological concept of
historical trauma is comparable to the symptomatology of grief and post–traumatic stress disorder,
in that the long–term effects of the trauma are

Review Of The Book 'Broken Circle : The Dark Legacy Of...
BOOK REVIEW: BROKEN CIRCLE: THE DARK LEGACY OF INDIAN RESIDENTIAL
SCHOOLS A MEMOIR BY THEODORE FONTAINE Clea Curnew–Stewart Dr. R. Robson INDI
1100 Oct 4th 2017 Theodore Fontaine is one of the thousands of young aboriginal peoples who were
subjected through the early Canadian system of the Indian residential schools, was physically
tortured. Originally speaking Ojibwe, Theodore relates the encounters of a young man deprived of
his culture and parents, who were taken away from him at the age of seven, during which he would
no longer be free to choose what to say, how to say it, with whom to live and even what culture to
embrace. Theodore would then spend the next twelve years undoing what had been done to him
since birth, and the rest of his life attempting a reversal of his elementary education culture shock,
traumatization, and indoctrination of ethnicity and Canadian supremacy. Out of these experiences,
he wrote the "Broken Circle: The Dark Legacy of Indian Residential Schools–A Memoir" and in this
review, I considered the Heritage House Publishing Company Ltd publication. The book is an ideal
text for those who want to gain a higher understanding of, sociologists trying to concept the cultural
erosion from the schools, the religious supremacy of the schools, and the traumatic experiences of
the schools and the dark ages of the school's effects on the students. Psychiatrists in this field will
find it very helpful, written with first–hand information by

Monkey Beach by Eden Robinson
The fundamental characteristic of magical realism is its duality, which enables the reader to
experience both the character's past and the present. In the novel, Monkey Beach, Eden Robinson
uses this literary device to address the the trauma and mistreatment of the Haisla community in
Canada by unveiling the intimate memories of the protagonist, Lisamarie, and the resulting
consequences of this oppression. Monkey Beach illustrates how abuse in the past leads to another
form of self–medication in the future – a neverending, vicious cycle for the members of the Haisla
community. Many characters in Monkey Beach are scarred from childhood sexual abuse and family
neglect, and resort to drug and alcohol abuse as a coping mechanism. These ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
From the tone of Mick's voice, the alcohol acts a sedative to numb the pain from his past. This
motive for drinking is also evident through Lisa's brother, Jimmy, after he loses both his girlfriend,
Adelaine, and his goal in becoming an Olympic swimmer. The legacy of residential school is also
manifested in Trudy and Tab's mother–daughter relationship. Tab becomes the victim of her
mother's psychological and emotional upheaval that is a result from her childhood. In the grip of
alcohol, Trudy often mistreats Tab. Removed from a family environment and placed in a
reformation school, individuals return not only emotionally and psychologically scarred, but also
unable to reestablish their own functional family. Tab confesses to Lisa that she wishes she had a
mother like hers, saying, "You're lucky. You're really lucky that your dad was too young to go to rez
school. [...] Just Mick and my mum went and it fucked them up" (Robinson 254). Trudy's sister Kate
also notes that Trudy "thinks Mother's dirt, while she goes out and parties and treats Tab worse than
what she blames Mother for" (Robinson 285). Aboriginal women is sexualized, assaulted, and
mistreated in today's society, and the novel portrays this inequity. Lisa's friend, Erica, was in
Terrace, when Lisa witnesses her being harassed by a group of white men. The men were teaching
Erica how to "fuck a white man," when Lisa intervenes. The men call the girls "a squaw, "cunt", and
"bitch" (Robinson 250). The

The Importance Of Residential Schools In Canada
In the 1870's, the Canadian government partnered partnered with churches such as the Anglican,
Catholic, and United churches to establish residential schools for Aboriginal children.
Residential schools were first established after the Indian act which passed in 1876 and lasted up
until 1996 when the last residential school in Saskatchewan, Canada was shut down due to lack of
respect for the culture and the harsh mistreatment that the youth suffered.
The official reasons given to the country for establishing residential schools was that the Canadian
government believed that it had the responsibility of educating and caring for the aboriginal people.
They believed that learning English and adopting christianity was their best chance for success. ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Former students received 10,000 for the first year plus 3000 for each subsequent year they attended.
As of 2013, over 1.3 billion had been paid to students and foundations representing over 100,000
cases. Aside from the CEP, the government funded a commemoration initiative, which consisted of
events, projects, memorials and many other things. The Aboriginal Healing Foundation was
established in 1998 and received 350 million from Northern Affairs Canada to help former
residential school students who were abused physically and mentally, however, the funding ended in
2010. The IRSSA funded 960 million to the Independent Assessment Process (IAP). IAP was a
settlement fund for students who filed claims for sexual, physical and other wrong abuse.By 2012,
over 1.7 billion was paid through IAP. Lastly, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). The
IRSSA allocated over 60 million for the TRC to document and preserve the experiences of the
survivors in order to let their story be heard and cared about, so that the world does not make the
same mistake again. By 2012, the TRC released over 900 thousand documents that recorded the
experiance of the

Intergenerational effects of Residential schools
Intergenerational Effects of Residential Schools Who are the people that went to residential schools,
where are they, and their families today? Have you ever heard someone talk about residential
schools like it was an everyday conversation? Residential schools have become so camouflaged into
the back of people's minds. People tend to forget that these schools took place and that they are real
life events that can have an effect on everyone around them. These schools have left such an imprint
on Canada as a whole, that people should be more aware about the outcomes and more familiar with
the history of these schools. The intergenerational effects of residential schools in today's society has
taken such a toll on Canada and especially ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If a child is being a victim of any sort of abuse, they will not know any different. They have always
been told to listen and to respect their adults and elders. Children will always strive for that love and
protection feeling that can be provided from an adult. When an adult was sexually abusing a child,
the child often did not try put a stop to it. By not resisting these adults whom were doing these
things to them, they thought this is the way to get the love and attention feeling that they were
searching for. While interviewing Joni Desnomie, by the way she would talk about the events that
occurred I chose not to go through with the interview process. Joni Desnomie is my auntie, growing
up with her she talked about going to residential schools and how it was the worse experience of her
life. Joni had never had the chance to deal with the events that occurred. She has supressed her
emotions towards the school so deep, that when we were talking she started to choke up about the
subject. This is a prime example of how much of an impact these schools have on some people and
their families. Joni, did not deal with the emotions and while attending the school she had tried to
commit suicide numerous times. The scars on her wrists embodies the pain she endured

The Truth And Reconciliation Commission
Aboriginal persons in Canada have been facing oppression ever since colonization began. Even
when Canada gained independence from the British Empire, the oppression continued and still goes
on today. One major contributing factor to the oppression of Aboriginal people in Canada is the
actions taken by the Government. The Government of Canada has in fact mistreated and found to be
partaking in wrongdoing when dealing with the Aboriginal population in this country. With this ugly
truth being revealed, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission had to be tasked with discovering
and revealing past wrongdoing by a government in the hope of resolving conflict left over from the
past. (cite) The Truth and Reconciliation Commission was established on June 2, 2008, and was
completed in June 2015 (cite). The Commission was established in order to implement Canada 's
Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement, as well as to educate Canadians on Residential
Schools and the wrongdoing the Government of Canada had taken part in. The Indian Residential
Schools Settlement Agreement is Canada's largest settlement in its history, giving around two billion
dollars to around eighty–six thousand survivors of the residential school system (cite). Residential
schools were active from 1880 to 1996; they were one of the many tactics used by the Canadian
Government to enforce cultural genocide on First Nations people (cite). Over a span of six years,
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission heard

Residential Schools in Canada Essay
Sociology
Dr.C.Barry McClinchey
Residential Schools in Canada Before the nineteenth century, the Aboriginal people had their own
way of teaching the children in their community, through organic education. In addition to providing
knowledge and skills, organic education kept their culture alive (Ravelli & Webber, 2013: pg.
237). This is because the Aboriginal children would also be taught about their culture and its
customs. But the Europeans thought, "Canada's First Nation peoples were in the way of the
relentless onrush of capitalist and industrial expansion (Ravelli & Webber, 2013: pg. 238)."
This is when the residential education system was established. Since the organic education was what
made the Aboriginal culture ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
238). These children were harshly abused by the nuns in these schools and were terrified of being
there. There were many sociological concepts applied in the film, Education As We See It. Language
is an important part to culture. Language extinction is a concept presented in the film. When a
language is lost, then its culture will start losing its organization. Killing the language of the
Aboriginals will lead end their culture, which is what the Europeans wanted. By forcing the
Aboriginal children to speak English, the language they spoke with their parents will be lost (Ravelli
& Webber, 2013: pg. 131). An Aboriginal that went to a residential school described how they
weren't allowed to speak a word of their language at all and they were restricted from seeing their
parents on a regular basis (Bob, Geraldine & Marcuse, 1993). The nuns greatly enforced that
these children not speak their language, so that they could completely forget about it.
Looking–glass self was a concept that was applied. Looking glass self is how people describe who
they are by how others describe them. According to C.H. Cooley, have to envision themselves
through social interactions because the mind does not create the "self" (Ravelli & Webber,
2013: pg. 153). An Aboriginal said that when she was younger and first went to the school, the
teacher checked attendance and when she said her name, she answered "here" in her language and
the nun gave

Separation And Education Of Young First Nations Children
The ambition of the Canadian government in regard to First Nations People was to assimilate them
into European culture and erase their culture from the country. Separation and education of young
First Nations children was the major means to achieve their objective. With substantial involvement
from the Christian churches, the residential school system was created and schools were built
throughout the entire country. The Kamloops Indian Residential School was attended by students
from the nations surrounding Kamloops including children from the Secwepemc Nation who
occupied the much of the southern–interior of British Columbia. The school was ran by the Roman
Catholic Church. The Secwepemc children were no exception to the abominable conditions in the
residential school systems facilities and the effects of these schools can last a lifetime. The students
who attended the Kamloops Indian Residential School were cut off from their communities and
families; stripped of their language and culture; and subjected to abuse and severe labour, hunger,
and abuse. The Secwepemc People are indigenous to the south central region of British Columbia.
The Secwepemc Nation is also called the Shuswap Nation, more so by non–indigenous people,
which is an English version of Secwepemc. Currently, the Nation is comprised of seventeen separate
bands; however, prior to a smallpox epidemic in 1862 which drastically reduced the population,
there were thirty–two bands (Secwepemc Nation,

The Dangers Of Residential Schools In Canada

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