Criminal Behavior And The Lack Of Education

Criminal Behavior And The Lack Of Education
Criminal behavior is something that affects everyone, even if you don't particularly engage in the act
itself. Every time a crime is committed, we often find ourselves wondering what led that person to
do that crime. We wonder why they did it because it is something that we could never do, so therefor
we cannot fathom the act of engaging in criminal activity. Some people feel that people only engage
in it just because they lack the thing that they try to steal or because of their specific background and
race. In actuality, there is a link between criminal behavior and the lack of education. However there
is also a link between the attainment of education and criminal behavior. There are several ways that
theories suggest the affect that education can have on decisions that a criminal may make
beforehand. According to chapter seven (Conformity, Deviance, and Crime) of the textbook
Introduction to Sociology, functionalist theories along with Emile Durkheim and his concept of an
anomie, which is a situation where social norms loose their hold over individual behavior gives us
insight into the struggle between education and criminal behavior. "Functionalist theories see crime
and deviance resulting from structural tensions and a lack of moral regulation." (Page 172) Students
dropping out of school and coming from difficult backgrounds is seen as a norm within society. Due
to their being a failure to try and alter these things, students seek comfort elsewhere. As a result,
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Emotional Intelligence And Criminal Behavior
There has been a considerable number of emotional intelligence studies done on a variety of
disciplines such as psychology, sociology and criminology. For many decades, criminal behavior has
been studied by these disciplines. Recently, these studies have focus on the relationship of criminal
behavior, with intelligence and personality traits. There also exists a large number of studies that
evaluate the emotional intelligence of both, transgressors and non–offenders. However, a small
amount of these studies explore the transgressor population. In the cases where the studies consider
felons as direct variables, the results have been inconsistent. Perhaps, two of the major problems
with these studies, resides in the low sample taken into consideration, as well as, the non–disparity
of offences committed. The author of the article "Emotional Intelligence and Criminal Behavior"
assesses the connection between emotional intelligence (EI) and criminal behavior. This research
concentrates on the emotional intelligence of transgressors. Centering its attention on the
deficiencies expresses above, gathering a larger sample and disparity of offences. ... Show more
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Half of the participants were transgressors convicted for theft, drug dealing or murder. The other
half were non–offenders such as university employees and school teachers. The EQ–I, is a 133
questions self–report made to measure emotional intelligence. It not only supplies a general score,
but also a breakdown of results of the five composite scales; intrapersonal intelligence, interpersonal
intelligence, stress management, adaptability, and general mood, into another fifteenth

Theory of Criminal Behavior
Running head: Theories of Criminal Behavior
Theories of Criminal Behavior
Theories of Criminal Behavior The beginning of civilization dawned a new era in which man came
together to live amongst one another in relative peace and prosperity. The advent of civilization
however also brought about people who choose to live a life outside of societal norms and law,
norms and thus was the creation of the criminal. All civilizations tried to suppress and discourage
crime by using a multitude of tactics and punishments. Crime, however continued to grow despite
these harsh tactics and strict laws. Scientists have tried to understand the fundamental drive of the
criminal from early antiquity to the modern era. Several ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
153).
Both Sheldon's and Lombroso's theories have been dismissed due to faulty evidence and
inconsistencies, but the idea of biological predisposition to crime still lingers in the criminologist.
Another biological theory of crime is more associated with the genetics of the mind, and whether if
a person with certain mental or genetic abnormalities will be more prone to a life of crime. A part of
this theory is the extra chromosome theory. It has been suggested that a rare XYY aberration in
males may lead the possessor to uncontrolled violence. A large number of males who have
possessed this genetic abnormality have had a high predisposition to crime and have constituted
about 3.5 percent of males in the prison population (Reckless, p. 42). The other parts of genetic
theories of crime are associated with symptomatic behavior. In some studies, it is suggested that
persons suffering from a mental condition are more likely to commit violent crimes than

Theories Of Criminal Behavior
Understanding why crime occurs requires a special desire to put together the puzzle of the human
mind. Behavior can not be determined by one factor, but influenced by a party of many factors.
Scholars have argued that not all individual differences are completely represented in criminal
populations. For example, individuals who are impulsive, daring, and aggressive are found to be
more indulging in criminal populations than individuals who delay gratification, are cautious, and
are sensitive to the needs and wants of others. Criminology refuses to acknowledge the relationship
between personality and crime are connected. This omission lies
Personality reflects the totality of a human being's belief, behaviors, attitudes, and ways of
interacting ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The lack of this cognitive development can be linked to low morality within friends, family, and
others in the community. Kohlberg concluded that we learn morality from those individuals we
interact with on a regular basis. These individuals consist of our friends, family, and others in the
community. He claimed that a subgroup of our population has criminal thinking tendencies. As a
result, there is a thin line between low morality in this cognitive development. Another perspective
of personality and traits were argued by a number of well–known criminologists. They argued that
the root causes of crime are not linked to high unemployment or bad schools but deeply rooted in
the human personality and its early experiences. Low intelligence, an impulsive personality, and a
lack of empathy for other people are among the leading characteristics of people at risk of becoming
criminals. Hans Eysenck completed numerous studies on the impact of personality characteristics on
criminality. He theorizes that criminal behavior may be a function of both personality differences
and conditioning. He also theorized that some individuals are simply more difficult to condition than
others. Since we "develop a conscience through conditioning," it is not surprising that antisocial
behavior is more likely when this process breaks down for some reason. Eysenck argued that there
are two factors that play a part poor condition. They consist of physiological factors and personality

Criminal Behavior Conditioning
Dr. Terrie Moffitt provides consent to the detection and early intervention concept for
developmental/behavioral issues. Since 1993, Dr. Moffitt has focused on two youth types–both
developmental in nature–that lead to delinquency. Dr. Moffitt defined these problematic individuals
as either life–course–persistent (LCP) offenders, or adolescent–limited (AL) offenders. Where the
AL offenders exhibit shorter cycles of delinquency that begin and usually end within his/her
adolescent years, the LCP offenders begin at much earlier age and continues into the adolescent
years. Researchers agreed with Dr. Moffitt that high–risk youth can be identified at an early age with
great accuracy (Dodge & Pettit, 2003; Hill, Lochman, Coie, & Greenberg, ... Show more content on
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Nonetheless, it is not easy to assume which styles provide more "at risk" factors than others without
additional rationale. Parental practices that involve consistent interaction are additional strategies
employed by some. A child may be pushed to achieve specific academic, social, or athletic goals
across different contexts and situations (Hart, Nelson, Robinson, Olsen, & McNeilly–Choque,
1998). A child may receive monetary gratuity designed to teach him/her to manage money. Some
children thrive in other event–specific interaction–reading, attendance to sports or arts events, or
giving time to school rooms and/or activities. Herein, lies factors that produce the advent of self–
esteem and results may vary. Studies also reveal that observation has a responsive affect and often
leads to social competence, peer acceptance, and less antisocial behavior (Hart et al.,1998). An
inviting parent that elevates care and affection or one that encourages higher educational are
examples of styles that promotes rather than demotes development. Secondly, a child's socio–
economic situation may hinder development into a non–offender. While the parent can deter
negative behavior and reinforce positive outlook, the child may nevertheless fall prey to social
environmental factors. Observation of deviant behaviors may possibly encourage the same. The
nation's economic crisis of 2009 resulted in many

Engagement In Criminal Behavior Essay
Engagement in Criminal Behavior
Social control theory explains engagement in criminal behavior by the five informal social controls
which are, social and organizational ties, neighborhood attachment, happy with the police work in
the neighborhood and legal cynicism, if these norms are not followed then this is where deviant and
criminal behavior comes into play. If the area is not involved in any type of groups for instance,
religious groups, neighborhood watch program, crime prevention program etc, many different
programs they have available keep citizens, especially youths out of trouble because neighbors are
constantly keeping an eye out, and spreading wisdom to the children as well.
Before laws are established in certain communities many suburbs ... Show more content on
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The way the community can prevent this behavior is by looking out for the neighbor to make sure
there is no unknown stranger walking around, having a neighborhood watch program so no property
is being destroyed. Neighbors can keep an eye out for one another's children, to make sure they are
not involved in any deviant behavior.
"Thus, we conceptualize informal social control as the willingness of neighborhood residents to
actively engage in behaviors aimed at preventing criminal and deviant behavior in the local area,
with a particular emphasis on the deviant behavior of youth," (Silver and Miller, 2004, p.553).
Another key factor is social cohesion; this is the blocks capacity to be able to take away from crime
and deviance to a minimum. Neighbors are able to exercise informal social control over youths due
to social and organizational ties, neighborhood attachment, happy with the police work in the
neighborhood, and legal

Criminal Behavior Profiling
Criminal behavior profiling includes the assessment of a crime and analysis of a person's behavioral
and psychological characteristics to determine whether a person has committed a crime or if needs
further investigative observation is needed. Offender profiling, also known as criminal profiling
used to help investigators accurately predict and profile the characteristics of unknown criminal
subjects or offenders. Online behavioral profiling said to be used by Google and Facebook is not the
real behavioral profiling that focused on identifying a potential criminal, instead its main focused is
the user's computer related behavior and attempts to profile by identifying normal user patterns.
(Security Intelligence, 2017) I believe

Origins Criminal Behavior
Origins of Criminal Behavior
Tara Olivarez
University of the Rockies
Abstract
We spend a large amount of time learning. It should be important to know something about it.
Everyone is a learner, and everyone is also a teacher. Even as small children will show another child
how to play a game. Most social process theories assume behavior (good or bad) is learned behavior
which means that even criminal behavior can be learned through social interactions.
Origins of Criminal Behavior
In all connections with learning, we find ourselves learning to like or dislike. The learning process is
very complex, when we consider the large variety of idea, viewpoints, values and bits of information
people have. A great deal of learning is a matter of association or conditioning. Criminal behavior
has and will always be a large focus for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
M. (1985). Motivation and creativity: Effects of motivational orientation on creative writers. Journal
of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 393–399.
Clark, R. E., & Squire, L. R. (1998). Classical conditioning and brain systems: The role of
awareness. Science, 280(5360), 77–81. Retrieved from
http://search.proquest.com/docview/213566803?accountid=39364
McLeod, S. A. (2013). Pavlov's Dogs. Retrieved from www.simplypsychology.org/pavlov.html
Patterson, G. R. (2002). The early development of coercive family process. In J. B. Reid, G. R.
Patterson, & J. Snyder (Eds.), Antisocial behavior in children and adolescents: A developmental
analysis and model for intervention (pp. 25–44). Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association.
Pavlov, I. P. (1897/1902). The work of the digestive glands. London: Griffin.
Pavlov, I. P. (1928). Lectures on conditioned reflexes.(Translated by W.H. Gantt) London: Allen and
Unwin.
Windholz, G. (2009). Pavlov's conceptualization of learning. The American Journal of Psychology,
105(3), 459. Retrieved from

What Determines Criminal Behavior?
What determines criminal behavior? Are they born to be a natural born killer, is it in their genes, or
is it a learned behavior? There are multiple factors resulting in criminal behavior, from genes to
environmental factors. Although it is said and believed that criminal behavior is biologically
determined there are even more learned or environmental factors that play a role in criminal
behavior. There are four top social risk factors believed for the involvement of crime. Parental
behavior plays a large role in a child's risk of involvement of crime because of the parent's influence
on a child's development ("Social Risk Factors for Involvement of Crime"). Poor parenting in
supervision, maltreatment of a child, or if the parent is a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They also have to make sure that changing the gene or using certain medication is safe, effective,
and then decide who makes the choice of altering the gene or using the medication.
In the future, gene therapy could be used to alter genes that influence behaviour. There are two types
of gene therapy: somatic gene therapy which modifies the DNA in the body, usually intargeted cells,
and germline gene therapy where the reproductive cells are altered and the changes are transmitted
to future generations ("Genetics and Human Behaviour: The Ethical Context"). Genetic influences
on behavior can affect the criminal justice system. If a person is convicted of a crime with a mental
disorder they have diminished responsibility for the crime and may not be held accountable because
of their behavior and since this is the case should then genes affecting your behavior be treated the
same way("Genetics and Human Behaviour: The Ethical Context").
It has been argued that if genes influence behaviour and character, and we cannot choose our genes,
then our behaviour is outside our control and we are not responsible. However, we take the view that
genes are not deterministic, and that there is scope for an

Ongoing Delinquent Criminal Behavior
Joe. Problem/Issue: Ongoing delinquent/ criminal behavior. Goals: The identified goals established
by this worker and Joe, are to reduce criminal behavior, further Joe's academic standing, and to
provide Joe with structured activities throughout the week to reduce his negative social behavior,
and increase pro social behaviors. The following objectives were also established by both this work
and Joe, to aid in the attainment of the identified goals. Objectives: This worker will work with Joe
to (1) identified the thinking errors that contribute to his criminal behavior, and will referred Joe to a
psychosocial group held weekly to address the thinking errors. Joe's regular participation and level
of success reported each week by the facilitator ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Goals: the identified goals established by this worker and Mike are to establish positive coping
strategies, and increase social interactions. The following objectives were also established by both
this work and Mike, to aid in the attainment of such goals. Objectives: This worker will work with
Mike to (1) identify the areas that trigger maladaptive emotional responses within Mike. (2) This
worker will also work with Mike to support him in establishing positive coping strategies to address
the emotional responses. Mike's level of participation and self–reported progress with the use of the
established coping strategies will be used to measure Mikes progress. Mike will need a self–reported
score of 90, or greater to be considered making progress. The identified meetings will occur weekly
for duration of 12 weeks. (3) This worker will also work with Mike to seek community activities to
engage in. The level of interaction and time spent engaging in the identified activities will gradually
increase to allow Mike to acclimate to the new settings. This worker will continue to meet with
Mike on a weekly basis to ensure his continued progress and concerns are addressed. During these
scheduled meetings, this worker will use a self–reported score provided by Mike to determine the
level of progress. A score of 85 out of 100, or better will be considered making

Criminal Behavior Analysis Essay
The Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU) is a department of the United States Federal Bureau of
Investigation's National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime (NCAVC) that uses behavioral
sciences to assist in criminal investigations.[2] The mission of the NCAVC and the BAUs is to
provide behavioral based investigative and/or operational support by applying case experience,
research, and training to complex and time–sensitive crimes, typically involving acts or threats of
violence.
Operation
The BAU receives requests for services from federal, state, local, and international law enforcement
agencies. Responses to these requests for BAU assistance are facilitated through the network of field
NCAVC coordinators. BAU services can consist of on–site ... Show more content on
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Criminal investigative analysis is a process of reviewing crimes from both a behavioral and
investigative perspective. It involves reviewing and assessing the facts of a criminal act, interpreting
offender behavior, and interaction with the victim, as exhibited during the commission of the crime,
or as displayed in the crime scene. BAU staff conduct detailed analyses of crimes for the purpose of
providing two or more of the following services: crime analysis, investigative suggestions, profiles
of unknown offenders, threat analysis, critical incident analysis, interview strategies, major case
management, search warrant assistance, prosecutive and trial strategies, and expert testimony.[7] In
addition to the above services, the BAU staff produced the Child Abduction Response Plan to assist
investigators faced with these investigations. Recently, the BAU released "The School Shooter: A
Threat Assessment Perspective" report to guide school administrators, teachers, parents, and law
enforcement in identifying and evaluating threats in schools. The BAU maintains a reference file for
experts in various forensic disciplines such as odontology, anthropology, entomology, or

Biological Theories Of Criminal Behavior
Crime is an act that intentionally breaks the law, and act is considered criminal if it causes harm or
damage to a person or their property. However, factors like time and culture are constantly altering
the definition of crime. Acts that were considered normal, like a girl getting married at twelve to a
thirty year old man, are considered pedophilic now. Also, the idea of murder also differs between
cultures.
Measuring crime is also as hard as defining crime. Even though official crime levels are taken from
police reports, they are usually not a hundred percent accurate because they fail to include the
criminal as well as the criminal act, victims may not know that they were subject to a criminal act so
it goes unreported or victims fail to report crimes because of many factors like fear and relations
they might have to the criminal.
Many psychologists have been interested in serious criminal offenders and understanding how they
might have a different personality from 'normal' people. They have stated that common
characteristics of someone with a criminal personality are impulsiveness, lack of feelings of guilt,
pleasure seeking, being over– optimistic, and having a high sense of self–importance. (Walsh,
Bolen)
Biological theory of criminal behavior says that criminals are born and not made and that a criminal
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It is also a very fascinating topic for most scientists to try and understand and analyze for many
years. There are parts of the brain that are solely responsible for certain actions, for example, the
prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain that is responsible for regulating behavior and taking in data
through the body's senses and deciding on actions. The pre frontal cortex is also referred to as the
'seat of good judgement' because it controls intense emotions and impulses. When properly
functioning, it inhibits inappropriate behaviors like the need for instant gratification and devious

Criminal Behavior Theory Paper
Moffitt's theory of interaction hypothesis supports the study of The Contribution of Family
Adversity and Verbal IQ Behavior to Criminal Behavior. The theory which Moffitt explains is that in
a small group of offenders, they will show criminal behaviors early on in life. This is due to many
factors which will affect them during their development can cause constant criminal offenses. Two
factors that will affect these individuals are neuropsychological deficiencies and disadvantaged
environments and/or family adversity. Neuropsychological problems are a great effect of a constant
criminal behavior for an individual due to the impact on what would be a normal development.
These problems are defined by the Verbal IQ of an individual concerning the information, ... Show
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Living with a family adversity can vary in different situations. Most are in accordance of temporal
deficiencies which are people born into an adverse family. These families will be unsupportive
because they fall into one or multiple independent variables such as the socioeconomic status, single
parent, the age of the mother at birth, and multiple family transitions. Children who are in multiple
factors such as the age of the mother and single parent will more than likely have less attention
given and encounter bad behavior from the parent because they do not have the role model or
parenting skills. In these two variables, the parents or parent will need to take responsibility to
provide for their family in which they will not finish high school and have a low socioeconomic
status increasing the likelihood of criminal behavior for the offspring. The research shows that boys
from broken homes of separated parents can have a criminal offense up to the age 33. Another
finding shows that living in a single parent home will show that by the age 21 they will have a
conviction or at least a caution

Criminal Behavior Analysis Paper
One of my favorite shows on T.V is "Criminal Minds," show stories of the existence of the FBI'S
Behavioral Analysis Units and how expert profilers work with the FBI to search and capture rapists,
serial killers that terrorize society. However, after watching a number of episodes, one can't help but
question or wonders if what they watching are real. In the real world, every day in the United State
law enforcement officers is called to respond to horrify murder scenes. What is the mission of the
Behavior Analysis Units? "The mission of the Behavioral Analysis Units (BAU) is to provide
operational support for difficult and time–sensitive cases and other matters through the application
of investigative case experience, education, specialized ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, the recent sniper in 2002 " John Allen Muhammed killing ten people. "Since 9/11,
federal, state, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies have worked collaboratively to detect and
prevent terrorism–related and other types of criminal activity. FBI–sponsored Joint Terrorism Task
Forces (JTTFs) and fusion centers represent a change in culture and a willingness to share
information among agencies and across all levels of government"(ise.gov). The 2002 Washington,
D.C. sniper "John Allen Muhammed" is excellent of multi–jurisdictional sharing information to get
a killer out of the street. It all started on October 2, with several deadly shootings over a period of
hours in Montgomery County, Maryland, to North of Washington, D.C. As the number of fatal
shootings multiplied, the task force assigned to the case gets various state, local, and federal law
enforcement agencies involved. Law enforcement agencies from Maryland, Virginia, and the
District of Columbia were all involved provided assistance in the captured of John Allen
Muhammad and Lee Boyd Malvo at an interstate area in Western Maryland. A toll–free tip line was
created by one of the agencies for the

Essay on Criminal Behavior
Criminal law is essentially concerned with the regulation of behaviour. This may involve
prohibitions on some kinds of behaviour such as stealing another person's property or harming them
deliberately. Some criminal laws may require a specific action, such as having insurance when
driving a car, or complying with regulations. In some instances it is the combination of behaviour
with a particular situation that defines a crime such as being drunk in a public place. In others it is
the combination of status with behaviour such as the purchase of alcohol by someone under 16 years
of age.
Illegality covers a multitude of actions, responsibilities, circumstances and statuses and hence the
diversity ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are two sources of law in England and Wales: legislation and law based on decided cases.
Legislation consists of Acts of Parliament (statutes) and statutory instruments (often called
subordinate legislation). Case law is law that has been built up over the years by decisions of the
courts in individual matters: these may include decisions on the meaning of statutes. The law in
England and Wales is thus based on the accumulation of previous cases and is described as a
common law system.
Although many offences are now governed by, or were created by, statute. The general principles of
criminal law are still matters of the common law, which also governs some of the most serious
crimes, for example murder.
ENFORCEMENT
Behaviour is not self–defining nor are rules self–enforcing. Laws do not have an impact unless they
are enforced, or unless there is the anticipation of enforcement. The criminal law specifies who can
enforce the law and what procedures are necessary to investigate and prosecute crime, adjudicate on
guilt and decide on an appropriate sentence. Enforcement is the responsibility of specialist agencies
or organisations specifically given the right to enforce the law, such as the police, Customs and
Excise officers and crown prosecutors.
The legal conception of crime is subject to change and depends, on a parliamentary democracy, on
political as well as moral

Definition Of Criminal Behavior And Law
The actus rea involves offenses, and determined to obligate the action, or mens rea. Actus rea and
mens rea ought to be established in order to find an individual guilty of obligating a crime. Strict
liability offenses are transpired by the disadvantaged of the obligation of the mens rea. Strict
liability is crimes in which the offender does not have a purpose to breach a strict liability law
neither does they have the awareness of the lawful position of the exact strict liability offense. This
paper will use two scholarly articles to discuss the critical analysis of expanding the concept of
criminal behavior and law (strict liability). The first article in discussion is "Expanding Criminal
Laws by Predating Criminal Responsibility: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The comprehension of behavior of simple theoretical risks as criminal crimes drives practical
criminal law into the elegant domain of averting the commission of crimes and punishing the
criminal for producing hypothetical danger. Criminal law functions prospectively. Practical criminal
laws need to control an exact material substance, in order to ring fence developments. As implied by
Bernd Schünemann such substance is developed from determining the real condition needing
security of the lawful interest; determining that security will not hinder the permitted rights of the
performer; respecting legal values, especially the value of clearness and certainty, in explaining the
crime of abstract endangerment clearly and with confidence; and reflecting whether the suggested
wrong is related to the suggested punishment. Criminal law wants control, particularly if offender
duty is preceded to initial phases of development and provision. The advantage rests in linking both:
to verify the substance of a criminal law to its proportionality but also to whether it hinders the main
area of confidentiality. This indicates that the law should be comparable to the actual safety danger
and to accept midpoints of individual fundamental rights and freedom rights. Criminal law can
advance as the strength of democracies in the current form of diverse societies, in which part
knowledgeable standards appear to be random.

Criminal Behavior Theories Paper
This week our focus is on theories of criminal behavior and why people choose the behavior they
do. According to (Adler, Mueller, & Laufer, 2012), there are three main criminal behavior theories;
Labeling theory, Conflict theory and the Radical theory. Each theory outlines different perspectives
on why an individual engages in criminal activity along with the public's reaction.
The first theory is the Labeling theory which was first contemplated by Charles Horton Cooley,
William I. Thomas, and George Herbert Mead around 1918. It is one of the most important
approaches to understanding criminal behavior. It basically theorizes that no one act is inherently
criminal, but it is merely the interaction and relationship between the ... Show more content on
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One example may be that some children engage in activities such as breaking windows, stealing
fruit from other people's trees, climbing into other people's yards, or playing hooky from school. In
upscale neighborhoods, these acts may be looked at by parents, teachers, and police as innocent
aspects of the process of growing up. In poor areas, on the other hand, these same activities might be
seen as tendencies towards juvenile delinquency, which suggests that differences of class and race
play an important role in the process of assigning labels of criminal activity (Adler et al., 2012).
Next we look at the Conflict theory. Conflict theory states that tensions and conflicts arise when
resources, status, and power are unevenly distributed between groups in society and that these
conflicts become the reason for social change. In this context, power can be understood as control of
material resources and accumulated wealth, control of politics and the institutions that make up
society, and one's social status relative to

Charles Manson Criminal Behavior Theory
Known Perspectives
Professionals who have examined the case of Charles Manson and have researched his life have
been able to hypothesis and diagnose him with various psychological disorders. While attempting to
get bail Charles Manson was diagnosed with paranoid delusional disorder and schizophrenia. If
Charles Manson had schizophrenia then it was caused by his drug use that occurred in his thirties.
Therefore, this is not an explanation for why he committed crimes in his childhood and teenage
years.
The Cause of Charles Manson's Criminal Behavior
There are an abundance of sociological theories that can be corelated with the crimes that Charles
Manson committed including the behavior theory (Behaviorism), the social learning theory and ...
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The schools of thought that coincide best in the case of Charles Manson are the behavior theory and
the labeling theory. Manson never had a family who was there for him and his mother was unable to
love him and show him the affection that was essential throughout his development and early
childhood. He observed this lack of affection from a young age and saw how his mother treated
other individuals in a manipulative way which led him to treat others the same. This is a strong
example of the behavioral theory since the way that Manson was brought up developed his
personality, his behaviors and his opinion on other individuals. From a young age Manson was
known as a criminal by society and the criminal justice system. Manson began to steal from stores at
a young age which resulted in him being labelled as a criminal. Since Manson was labelled this
horrendous tittle he lived up to it and felt like there was no other label that he could possess. As the
crimes that he committed continued to get darker so did his label. From robber, to a rapist and
eventually a manipulator who led to people commit murder by proxy. Charles Manson is a
fascinating example of how the labelling theory works and depicts an individual's fate based on the
one word that they are continually called throughout their life. Manson never attempted to become
anything bigger then a criminal because he was in a self–fulfilling prophecy of criminal

Mystic River Criminal Behavior
Social Process and Learning Theories of Crime– Mystic River Andrea Vermilyea University of
Northern Colorado Is criminal behavior a learned behavior? Is it simply dependent upon ones
environment or is it much more complex? Many theorists have examined criminal behavior, such as
Edwin Sutherland, Pavlov along with Hirschi. Sutherland, who devised the differential association
theory, according this theory he stated that criminality is learned from those who are close to us, or
whom we have a close association with. An individual's behavior may be deviant if those whom
they are associated with are also involved in aberrant behavior. Sutherland's theory that criminal
behavior is "learned" then eliminates psychological and biological ... Show more content on
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The behaviors of individuals in this community could be viewed as cyclical, as many of these
behaviors have been passed down from generation to generation. This idealism can be directly
related to the theorists in the Chicago School, in that people can absorb deviant norms from the
environments to which they are reared. I feel that the learning theories observed in this film are the
differential association theory, as the characters show criminal behavior being emphasized with
peers and how they learn to handle their strives, such as Jimmy killing Ray, Ray's son killing
Jimmy's daughter. I also feel as though Pavlov's classical conditioning theory was observed as
people learn through associations between stimuli and responses, I feel that by Dave killing a
pedophile he some how felt vindicated, because he was given no choice when he was abducted and
tortured, in his mind maybe he felt as though this pedophile shouldn't have the choice to live, and he
could gain some power, again stimuli and

Criminal Behavior Psychology
Criminal behavior is related to three factors, the psychological, biological and social variables.
Research demonstrates that the psychological condition of people influences their anatomy. The
connection health disorders and crime mind–boggling, and the complications make up a significant
reason for crimes. Individuals who encounter delusions and hallucinations will probably partake in
criminal behavior. Mental health, for example, schizophrenia is connected to violence and crime.
The identity, cognitive capacity, and impulse capacity of people are likewise connected with
criminal practices. Criminal control approach concentrated on the psychological variables of people
utilizes measures, for example, preparing, advancements of mindfulness, rehabilitation, and
resocialization. Therapists perceive the past conduct of people as the best indicator of future actions.
Different ideologies, for example, the behavioral theory, cognitive theory, and trait speculations are
utilized to clarify the psychological reasons for criminal behavior (Gudjonsson, 2016). A few people
are conceived with violent propensities while others learn violence through life encounters, for
example, the media and ecological encounters. The cognitive ... Show more content on
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Psychological elements are the essential drivers of criminal behavior. Other than the psychological
components, the social and biological factors additionally result in criminal behavior. The
psychological causes are best clarified utilizing the behavioral, cognitive and trait speculations.
Components like mental issue, knowledge, and identify factors and natural encounters are the
primary drivers of the wrongdoing. It is imperative to decide the reasons for wrongdoing while
deciding the treatment strategy connected to the wrongdoer. The psychological reasons for crimes
are best clarified regarding the biological and sociological

Criminal Behavior And Strict Liability
When studying criminal behavior and strict liability, exploring the possible causations that may
contribute to criminal behavior is important. Examining family backgrounds, genetic make ups and
parenting are some factors that influence criminal behavior. Understand the possible risk factors of
criminal behavior helps us to better understand why people commit crimes. This paper will attempt
to critically analyze two articles on the concept of criminal behavior and law as it pertains to strict
liability. Criminal Conduct In the early 1960's the movement of the Model Penal Code transformed
American criminal law by the American Law Institute. The MPC seek to bring analytical clarity to
the definition and interpretation of criminal statutes that were encrusted with ill–defined law terms
such as "malice aforethought" (Brown, 2012, p. 287). Criminal conduct can be defined as conduct of
an offender that leads to and including a commission of an unlawful act (USLEGAL, n.d.) A recent
current event that is a prime example of criminal behavior or criminal conduct is the tragedy that
occurred at Smith Mountain Lake in Virginia. A former disgruntled employee, Vester Lee Flanagan
aka Bryce Williams opened fire on WDBJ news reporter Alison Parker, camera man Adam Ward and
chamber of commerce executive woman Vicki Gardner during a live morning broadcast. Flanagan's
criminal conduct was escalated by years of what he claimed as being harassed and a victim of racial
slurs and comments as well

Biological Theories Of Criminal Behavior
Criminal behavior is defined as the conduct of an offender that leads to and includes the commission
of an unlawful act. When assessing criminal behavior, we are attempting to predict future criminal
behaviors. We may measure criminal behavior by arrests and charges, however not everyone
charged is found guilty. We can also measure the amounts of convictions and incarcerations. It is to
be considered that when we study criminal behavior, we typically study what is known about
persons who have been defined as criminals through the criminal justice system.
Introduction
Criminal behavior is often a difficult topic to discuss as there are many different variables that must
be taken into account in order to truly define and obtain a thorough understanding ... Show more
More recently there has been efforts to develop methods to identify individuals at risk for certain
forms of deviant behavior including criminal activities based on personality and social variables.
These psychological variables can be identified in the school or at the home at an early age and
include such disorders as learning disabilities, ADHD, depression, and others. Since many
individuals with these problems often go on to demonstrate criminal behavior or have legal
problems later efforts to identify and treat these issues are forms of psychological crime control
policies (APA,

The Mind : Psychology And Criminal Behavior
All in the Mind: Psychology and Criminal Behavior Many people wonder why some people are able
to do bad things, even when they know the consequences. To our normal brains there seems to be no
reason for doing things like this. However, scientists have discovered that many criminal's brains are
not normal. Scientific studies show that a large majority of convicted criminals have some sort of
psychological issue or problem in their brains, which has been shown to affect their behavior. To
figure out who would be the most likely to do criminal acts in the first place, their brain must be
analyzed to see if there are some early warning signs. One of the big ones is inherited psychological
issues. Studies have shown that some psychological ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These problems can start to appear any time in life, but most won't develop fully until they are about
adults. Each one can cause problems in normal brain function that can negatively affect their
personality. One of the biggest and most dangerous problems is a condition called psychopathy,
which can also be known as moral insanity. Wade E. Pricken describes this condition as "The
psychopath was a person who wore a 'mask of sanity,' who outwardly appeared normal, charming,
and gregarious, but whose behavior could be utterly destructive." (Pricken 86). This means that
people with this condition have no sense of morals or empathy to others. Everything else about them
is normal, but they do not care for any other human except themselves. This can cause them to
perform violent action against other, and have no guilt of any kind. Another large problem condition
is called neurosis. This condition causes your mind to develop contradictions and defense
mechanisms to justify your actions. You can be doing something bad, but your brain can convince
itself that their is nothing wrong. It will also edit any thoughts coming into your brain so they will
keep your brains logic the same. There are also several other conditions that can negatively affect
someone 's behavior. Some other big ones are schizophrenia: which causes split personalities and
insanity, delusion: believing your actions are correct and everything else in wrong, paranoia:
believing

Differential Association Theory Of Criminal Behavior
Firstly, different association theory can be applied to explain more types of crimes since the theory
argues that individuals can learn to commit crimes. Sutherland and Cressey (1974) state that
criminal behavior is not inherited, it is the result of a learning process. In the debates of nature vs.
nurture, Sutherland and Cressey lean towards the nurture side as they argue that people have blank
slate and all behaviors are learnt, including criminal ones. A number of recent researches have
supported the ideas of learnt behavior as Thornberry (2009) claims that criminal behavior can be
learnt from deviant parents. From a different perspective, academics suggest that criminal behavior
can also be passed over through the interaction with delinquent friends (Hochstetler, Copes &
DeLisi, 2002) and romantic partners (Haynie, Giordano, Manning & Longmore, 2005). ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The association with delinquent people is what encourages them to perform illegal activities. Based
on the idea that any individual can learn criminal behaviors, criminals are argued to exist among all
social classes (Sutherland, 1949). Differential association theory then can be used to explain a wider
range of issues, notably corporate crimes (Piquero, Tibbetts & Blankenship, 2005), cyber crimes
(Hawdon, 2012; Wolfe & Higgins, 2009) and terrorism (Armstrong & Matusitz, 2015). On the
contrary, a large number of strain theories, namely Merton's, Cohen's and Cloward and Ohlin's
theories mostly concern only on juvenile delinquency and crimes committed by lower–class
individuals. As a result, differential association theory shows its strengths as the application range is
wider compared to other

Criminal Behavior Analysis
The ways in which offenders think about their potential actions are all diverse. This varied nature
can stem from the characteristics of the criminal being inherently different. However, the actual
crime commission can play a role in how offenders think about crime. This same thought process is
true for how an offender makes the decision to engage in criminal activity. There are countless
variables and factors that are moving and connected at any given time, that can result in the
engagement of criminal behavior and/or activity. Therefore, it is imperative that we understand the
complex thought processes that offenders participate in, with this knowledge we learn how to better
protect society, as well as how to prevent further crime from occurring. ... Show more content on
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For those offenders that are found guilty, the statement above also seems even more bizarre.
However, as we have learned this half of the semester, an often used method by white collar
criminals in their decision making process, as well as their own personal thought process about their
crime, often times can center around varied thoughts of deniability. Benson (1985), states that
normally with white collar crimes there is not necessarily a lengthy search of who committed the
crime, the primary focus is why. However, a great deal of the offenders use some tactic of
deniability to describe their decision–making process during the commission of their crimes. For
example, some offenders deny that the person they embezzled from had enough money as it is,
therefore denial of a victim, which allowed the continuance of criminal behavior, activity, and
obviously thinking patterns. The deniability aspect can branch further into allowing the offender to
not feel shame for his or her actions, which is why they felt secure in committing the crime in the
first place. Also, they did not believe that there was actually a victim, for example a top executive
stealing millions from customers. The theme of deniability is vast, and covers a tremendous amount
of irrational thoughts and neutralizations, and from what I gathered from the literature, allows the
offender to build a positive

Criminal Responsibility In Criminal Behavior Research
Criminal responsibility revolves around intent, which is a theme in debate on culpability. The study
to be reviewed was led by Williams et al (2010), which found at the age of 16, 46% of offenders
interviewed reported TBI. The main cause of the TBI was violence. Reports of more than three TBIs
were associated with a greater proportion of violence in criminal offences, suggesting number of
TBI is positively correlated with number of aggressive acts. Research in the past similarly indicates
individuals who experience traumatic brain injury (TBI) are more likely to commit future criminal
acts (Raine et al, 2005). Individuals with TBI affecting the frontal lobes are at an increased risk of
impulsive aggression and reduced affective empathy (Brower & Price, 2001), characteristics evident
in frequent offenders (Jolliffe & Farrington, 2004). This suggests an increased risk of criminal
behaviour, post–TBI, especially when the frontal area is damaged. Thus, can TBI be used to reach
the not guilty verdict in court, by reasons of diminished responsibility or can it be argued other
premorbid variables at work? I critique Williams et al (2010) and propose when violent behaviour is
the cause of TBI, there should be consideration of whether the behaviour ... Show more content on
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They concluded substance abuse led to increased inhibition and violence resulting in more
criminality and risk of TBI. Similarly, TBI criminals had a high occurrence of alcohol abuse both
before and after TBI; those with substance abuse history were also more likely to commit crimes
after TBI. Kreutzer et al (2009) concluded TBI is only a risk factor for criminality when there is a
history of both criminality and substance abuse and should not be considered a risk factor in its own

Nature Or Nurture Is The Cause For Criminal Behavior
No one can be certain whether nature or nurture is the cause for criminal behavior. However,
research has stated that it is more often an interaction between genes and the environment that
predicts criminal behavior (Jones, 2005). Through a biological perspective, it is determined that
criminal behavior is due to genetics and/or neurological conducts. It concludes that criminals are
born due to their criminal traits being passed down through genetic or chromosomal mutation.
Another explanation of criminal behavior within the biological perspective are the neurochemicals
within our brains and body. There many regulated chemicals in the brain that determines thought
process, perception and action. Like the arguments for genetic and chromosomal mutation, any
abnormal anomalies or chemical imbalance can heavily impact behavior (Schram, 2018). This goes
for any damages to some parts of the brain that controls emotions, reason and logic. Problems with
the biological perspective are the following: 1. It provide little explanations for a small of minority
of offenders with specific conditions (Levitt, 2013). 2. Disregard the effect of environmental
influences and life experiences that also impact behavior. 3. Since criminality is based on biology, it
is unchangeable, therefore, no one is to be blamed for their actions. Lastly, 4. Famous studies on
biological factors of criminality (ex: the twin, family and adoption studies) maintained an
intertwined relationship with social

Psychological Theories And Criminal Behavior
The psychological theories assume that criminal behavior is a result of individual differences in
thinking processes. There are many different psychological theories; however, they all believe that it
is the person's thoughts and feelings that dictate their actions. The problems with thinking can lead
to criminal behavior. I think one of the benefits of criminal justice professionals studying
psychological theories is an attempt to measure the intelligence associated with criminals and why
they commit crimes. The belief is also to shift the thinking process from the idea that criminals are
biologically inferior to the idea that they are intellectually inferior. (Bohm & Vogel, 2011) The
psychological theories indicate that certain mental condition like personal disturbance ... Show more
53–54). I believe the benefits for criminal justice professionals studying psychological theories help
see people in different views, to better understand the world in which we live, and make
communities safer. Therefore, when analyzing psychological theories, you learn the failures in
psychological development, learned behaviors of aggression and violence, inherent personality
traits, and the relationship of criminality to mental illness. (Boyd, 2017) The psychology theories
allow criminal justice professionals to understand more about how the body and mind work
together. The psychology theories help to identify personality traits that are linked to aggressive
criminal behavior. The psychology theories clarify that crime may be understood as a means by
which individuals satisfy their basic human needs. Therefore, criminal justice professionals can
benefit from being able to read criminals, second guess them and steer their thought patterns in the
different direction towards a better

Positivist Theory Of Criminal Behavior
The behavior of a criminal individual is a major center point for psychologists. Many experts have
researched and debated the outcome of criminal behavior. Is it genetic makeup that makes an
individual a criminal or is it their upbringing and background that influences their behavior? Studies
and laboratory experiments have been used to try to determine the conclusion of an individual's
deviant behavior. The debate of this topic has resulted in concepts that both DNA and the conditions
of an individual's environment do play an important factor in the misconduct of an individual. There
are also criminology theories such as classical theory, positivist theory, and deterrence of theory that
help support the study of criminal behavior. These theories ... Show more content on
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nurture. The basic sense of the positivist theory focuses on psychological and biological factors to
help describe criminal behavior. The connection between this crime theory and James Holmes
describes his behavior as an individual who is psychosocially disturbed. Unlike the classic theory, a
positivist theorist would not examine the part of free will in the tragic event performed by Holmes.
This approach would acknowledge his criminal behavior based on a psychotic event. This is where
the positivist theory addresses different aspects that are most likely the sources of James' behavior,
such as sociological factors, mental illness, and his environmental influences from when he was a
child to adulthood. In addition, a positivist will suggest that the cause of the mass murder that James
Holmes committed in Aurora, Colorado is because of his broken personality

What makes crime a rampant convention of human civilization? According to The International
Center for Prison Studies (2013), the United States holds the record for highest incarceration rates in
the world at 716 per 100,000 of the national population. At the beginning of 2013, the world
population was recorded at 7.1 billion; 10.2 million of that is the world's currently documented
prison population. In the past 15 years since the first edition of ICPS's World Prison Population List,
world prison population has increased 25–30% (ICPS; Walmsley, 2013). Actual crime in the United
States is projected to occur every 26 seconds for violent crimes, and every 3.5 seconds for non–
violent crimes. With the steady advancements in law enforcement, social ... Show more content on
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For example, scarce resources inflicted by either environmental exploitation, environmental
privatization, or natural causes, can impoverish nations dependent on these resources–subjecting
them to compensate by taking loans in order to afford the maintenance and importing of resources;
in almost all cases, loans come attached with compounded interest, which can easily accumulate
faster than the nation's economic growth (Kennedy, 1995; Maltritz, 2010). The pressure placed on a
nation unable to pay back its debts accordingly can result in economic depravation and the
disruption of key social institutions, which in turn can elicit "deprivation" conflicts such as
corruption, civil strife, and insurgency. For the impoverished nation's citizens, the repercussions
constitute rampant civil crime and violence; such was, and is still, the case for Africa and South
America (Homer, 1994; Jackson, 1985). Poor populations suffer the most from scarcity induced
crime since they are unable to buffer themselves as well as wealthier populations (Homer–Dixon,
1994); this fundamentally places them at a disadvantage, in which individuals inescapably accrue

Biological And Psychological Perspectives Of Criminal...
When looking at criminal activity and the direct connection to the criminal behavior we see that
there have been many research trials that have taken place over the history of humankind (Mishra &
Lalumiere, 2008). Two of these research areas that have been developed to attempt to understand the
causes of criminal behavior are known as biological and psychological perspectives of crime
causation. These two sectors have their principles that are held in their theories as a standard
scientific understanding of the basics that each evaluation of criminal behavior is built on (Dretske,
2004).
The principles of the biological theories allow us the understanding that all biological theories
should evaluate common factors that relate to each other from one biological theory to the other
(Schmalleger, 2012). The first parts of the biological theory assess the importance for the theories to
make a connection between criminal behavior and the human brain and a person's personality and
the studies of neurology and neurochemistry. This meaning that a person's ability to control
antisocial behavior stems from their environment and the and family genes gives the person directly
into right and wrong. There is also a standard that should evaluate the connection between different
groups such a sex and racial makeup that that of criminal behavior as well as human instinctive
behavior (Dretske, 2014). The link between the evolutionary development of a person criminal
behavior or ability to

Criminal activities are associated with three factors, namely the psychological, biological and social
factors. Research shows that the psychological state of individuals affects their biology. The
relationship between crime and medical disorders is complex, and the disorders constitute a major
cause of crimes. People who experience hallucinations and delusions are more likely to engage in
criminal activities. Mental illness such as schizophrenia is also linked to crimes and violence. The
personality, cognitive ability and impulse control ability of individuals are also associated with
criminal behaviors. Criminal control policy focused on the psychological factors of individuals
employs measures such as training, promotions of self–awareness, resocialization, and
rehabilitation. Psychologists recognize the past behavior of individuals as the best predictor of the
future behavior.
Various theories such as the behavioral theory, cognitive theory, and trait theories are used to explain
the psychological causes of the criminal activities (Eysenck & Gudjonsson, 2013). Some people are
born with violent tendencies while others learn aggression through life experiences such as the ...
The treatment of the disorders is one of the solutions to the behavioral misconduct (Tredoux, 2005).
However, treatment alone is not sufficient since some of the criminals re–offend even after receiving
the treatment. Further follow–ups such as rehabilitation and counseling of the individuals are
necessary. More so, the individual need to be secluded from the society to help them realize the
value of interacting well with their fellow and appreciate the role played by the society (Wortley,
2011). The insanity defense, which claims that an individual suffering from mental illness is not
responsible for violence or crime is one example of the effect of psychological factors on the
treatment of

For years, many people have been immersed in the topic of whether criminals are born or bred. In
the 1870s, doctor Cesare Lombroso identified criminals based on physical features of the face and
body (Murderers Born or Made?). This theory was soon disproved in the 1980s by neuroscientist
Adrian Raine to believe that criminal activity is a means of genetics (Murderers Born or Made?).
Currently, it is primarily accepted that criminal traits are shaped by genetic influences and
environmental factors. Considering the different perspectives of the fields of Anthropology,
Psychology, and Sociology, it is evident that criminals are both born and bred.
From an Anthropological standpoint, criminal activity is a consequence of how one is nurtured. In ...
In many cultures, criminals are put through extensive Governmental force and threats. This includes
interactions with the police, judges, and potentially prisons (Magnet, 1993). For many, a strict social
justice system is seen to restrain crimes (Magnet, 1993). Nevertheless, there is a recidivism rate of
80 percent in children who are released from custody (Batmanghelidj, 2008). This is noteworthy
because several cultures perceive criminals as savages who need to be treated harshly in order to
improve. The way society treats this group actually influences them to commit more crimes. These
cultural views should be modified to better individuals in order to give them the support they need
(Batmanghelidj, 2008). This proves that criminal behaviour is determined, and can be changed, by
cultural views in society, showing how criminals are nurtured to be who they are. In conclusion,
from an Anthropological perspective, it is evident that criminals are bred by the culture of their
family and the social justice

Criminal Behavior And Social Control
Our society is at the will of two fundamental forces: deviant behavior and social control. Behaviors
that are not deemed as socially acceptable, or that do not fall in line with what society calls
"normal", are deviant. Social control aims to influence people's behaviors and is a means of
moderating, as well as preventing deviance. The two forms of social control are informal and formal
social control. The former consists of "self–control" and "relational controls" (Owen, Fradella,
Burke, & Joplin, 2012, p. 103) while the latter uses governmental resources to deter deviance in its
citizens. In my opinion, informal social control is a better deterrent of criminal behavior since your
own will and how you are raised can be the greatest forces driving a person to live a good life or
choose to start one. Informal social control comes down to two forms of interactions – the ones that
you form with yourself that develop your conscience and those that you experience with others. The
first, internal, can not necessarily exist without the second, external, because we learn and gauge
what is right or wrong from the environments and people around us. Our parents encouraging us to
go to school, stay away from drugs, and raising us to be responsible members of society is an
example of external social control. In contrast to informal social control, formal social control
employs alternative methods of behavioral control. According to Owen, Fradella, Burke, & Joplin
(2012), "Donald Black, a

Family Criminal Behavior Analysis
Abrahamsen, David. "Family Tension, Basic Cause of Criminal Behavior." Journal of Criminal Law
and Criminology. January 1, 1949. Accessed October 29, 2014.
http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3687&context=jclc..
CS&CPC. "The Root Causes of Crime." January 1, 1996. Accessed October 25, 2014.
http://www.preventingcrime.net/usercontent/documents/Causes_of_Crime.pdf.
CSCPC provides an in depth analysis of the factors that cause criminal behavior. CSCPC argues that
poverty, social environment, and family structures are primarily the main reasons for criminal
behaviors. CSCPC stresses that to prevent crime it is important to understand its roots. In order to
prevent crime, the causes of criminal behavior must be understood. In addition, CSCPC presents a
strategic plan to increase crime prevention. CSCPC uses specific sources, such a publication by The
John Howard Society of Alberta "Crime Prevention through Social Development", to defend the
articles main points. Therefore, the article by CSCPC would be a useful source for further research
because it provides relevant sources and other websites on these ... Show more content on
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Engel indicates spending money on preventive methods such as job creation and education is
superior to the harsh punishment of criminals. Engel asserts the government's need to recognize that
there is a strong correlation between poverty and crime. Engel explains that to become a productive
member of society criminals must have sufficient means to live a normal life without resorting to
any form of crime. Engel concludes by saying that criminal behavior cis a complex issue that is not
easily solved by any one means. This video pertains strongly to my research topic, Causes of
Criminal Behavior. Engel emphasizes a positive and creative approach to solving the problem of
criminal behavior which may be a useful focus for this

Genetic Influence On Criminal Behavior
Many studies have found that criminal behavior often runs in families. Osborne and West (1982)
performed a study in which they compared sons of criminal fathers and sons of fathers who have not
been involved with crime. Their findings indicated that 40% of the sons of criminal fathers had
criminal convictions while only 13% of the sons of non/criminal fathers were involved in a crime.
Although they are reliable, the findings of this study cannot be completely attributed to genetic
influence. This is due to the effect of environmental factors, specifically the upbringing of the
children by their criminal fathers which is very likely to have affected their criminal activities and
thus, the findings of this study. In order to further investigate the idea of heritability of crime,
environmental factors such as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They looked for and compared the concordance rates of criminality in MZ and DZ twins. It was
found that MZ twins have almost three times the concordance rate for criminality compared to DZ
twins (35% for MZ compared to 13% for DZ). The findings of a similar study by Dalgard and
Kringlen (1976) correlate with the findings of the previous study, with the concordance rate for MZ
twins being 26% and concordance rate for DZ twins being 15%. These results are consistent with
the idea of a genetic influence on criminal behavior, however, the difference between concordance
rates is not large enough to cement the theory of inheritance of criminalism. Another problem with
these twin studies is that the difference in gender for DZ twins is not accounted for. This problem
can nullify the findings of the studies since it has been found that women are less likely to commit
crimes than men. In fact, in the United States, men account for 80% of violent crime committed.
Another way to reliably determine whether crime is heritable is to look at adopted children and their
biologic

Criminal Behavior In Children
The ability to attempt to make a better and safer society can begin by being able to determine
criminal behavior in children based on personal characteristics, demographic factors, generational
factors, and/or abuse problems. The use of a neural network could be used in an effort to make these
predictions with science and technology. A neural network is a type of artificial intelligence system
used to make predictions based on a wide variety of information and patterns (Haag, S., &
Cummings, M. 2013). The ability to be able to predict potential criminal behavior in children can
possibly be thwarted with education and behavioral adjustments. Criminal behavior can be detected
in children as young as 6 (Lowry, 2013). Parole boards use ... Show more content on
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One of the main factors for criminal activity based on demographics is race, age, and sex. There
have been studies linking young males who are members of disadvantaged minorities are at higher
risks of criminal activity (South & Messner, 2000). In poor neighborhoods children are more likely
to become involved with gangs in order to belong and have a purpose. Poverty is reality for
approximately 16 million children in the United States and these communities are subject to higher
crime rates (Kearney & Harris, 2016). Technology has introduced using artificial intelligence to help
predict criminal behavior in people based on algorithms. This technology would be a type of neural
network to gather data from children and parents to try to predict criminal behavior before a child
turns 18. Richard Berk, from the University of Pennsylvania, is currently working on a system to
teach computers to identify patterns to make predictions (McGorrery & Gilmore, 2016). Between
January 2007 and October 2011, Richard Berk and Susan B. Sorenson, a professor of social policy
in Penn's School of Social Policy & Practice, obtained data from 28,000 domestic violence
arraignments to teach the computer the type of people most likely to reoffend. Berk said, "In all
kinds of settings, having the computer figure this out is better than having us figure it out," (Berger,
2016). Berk stated there are fewer flaws using the algorithms compared to current

Nature Vs Nurture In Criminal Behavior
Criminal behavior has always been a focus for psychologists for several years. When studying
criminal psychology, psychologists engage in many various kinds of investigation and
experimentation to try and find out why criminals commit offence. What is a criminal's motive and
what makes them commit a crime? Is it the responsibility of an individual's genetic makeup that
makes them a criminal or is it the environment in which they are raised and surrounded by that
determines their criminal behavior? Extensive research has been conducted regarding these
questions. Several conclusions have been generated from a number of twin studies, family studies,
adoption studies, and laboratory experiments. There are many conclusions that gear towards both ...
Behaviorists argue that people are not born with a violent disposition; rather they learn to think and
act violently as a result of their everyday experiences (Bandura, 1977). Albert Bandura (1977) states
behavior is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning. This
popular behavioral notion is known as the social learning theory. Bandura believes that humans are
active information processors and think about the relationship between their behavior and its
consequences. Studies of family life, for example, show that aggressive children often model the
violent behaviors of their parents. In 1961, Bandura conducted the famous bobo doll experiment in
which children observed the people around them behaving in various ways. The experiment
involved exposing children to two different adult models; an aggressive model and a non–aggressive
one. After observing the adults and their aggressive or non–aggressive behavior, the children were
later allowed to play in a room with the Bobo doll by themselves. When they played with the doll by
themselves, alone in a room, they began to imitate the actions they had previously observed by the
adults. The children who had observed the adults aggressively playing with the doll imitated a
similar aggressive behavior while playing with the doll alone. Those who observed the

Essay on Organizational Behavior in Criminal Justice
Organizational Behavior in Criminal Justice
CJA/510
January 10, 2011
Brian Robinson Organizational behavior in a criminal justice agency is the way in which employees
and their superiors interact amongst themselves and with one another both positively and negatively.
Organizational behavior itself is the study of social conduct as it relates to the confines of a specific
group. It is the study of how an individual or group interacts with one another and the dynamics of
the personal relationships that evolve from that contact (Duan, Lam, Chen, & Zhong, 2010).
The shifting paradigm trends describe by Schermerhorn, Hunt, and Osborn (2008) can be used to
delve further into the understanding of the organizational behavior that exists ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
"Importance of human capital: A dynamic and complex environment poses continuous challenges;
sustained success is earned through knowledge, experience, and commitments of people as valuable
human assets of organizations" (Schermerhorn, Hunt, & Osborn, 2008, para. 14). The workforce is
the heart of a criminal justice agency. It should be the single most cherished asset. The appreciation
of experience by an organization is vital. But more importantly the recognition, respect, and
aspiration by new members and seasoned is a must. This necessity recognizes a clear chain of
command and model of training.
"Demise of command–and–control: Traditional hierarchical structures are proving incapable of
handling new environmental pressures and demands; they are being replaced by flexible structures
and participatory work settings that fully value human capital" (Schermerhorn, Hunt, & Osborn,
2008, para. 14). Shared responsibility and the extinction of the "because it has always been done that
way" is a requirement in the modern criminal justice agency. It is being replaced by the attitude that
the old way is not always the best way, and we all have a lot to learn from one another. While
command still flows in one direction; ideas can come from anywhere.
"Emphasis on teamwork: Organizations today are less vertical and more horizontal in focus; driven
by complex environments and customer demands, work is increasingly team based with a focus on
peer

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