Yin Wei, Changjiang Water Resources Protection Insitute, CEWP 2017, Outlook for Partnership Instruments, Friday, 22 September

1. Study on Ecological Techniques forStudy on Ecological Techniques for
Non-point Source Pollution Control inNon-point Source Pollution Control in
Reservoirs for Drinking WaterReservoirs for Drinking Water
YIN Wei September, 2017

2. 3
Suggestions for Cooperation
2
2
Problems and Challenges
1
Background

3.  The number of reservoirs is large, and it plays an important
role in the water supply
3
The surface water supply is 500 billion m3
, accounting for 80
percent of the total water supply
The water supply from reservoir is 158 billion m3, accounting
for 31.6% of surface water supply
There are 175 important drinking water sources in China and
37.2% are reservoir

4.  Main water environment problems of reservoir - unsatisified
water quality, eutrophication
4
Class III and below accounting for 50.2% Eutrophic reservoirs accounting for 42.9%
Water quality of national major reservoirs Eutrophication of national major reservoirs
Data Source ： 2013 National Water Resources Bulletin
Mesotropher Light eutropher Middle eutropher hypertrophic

5.  Nonpoint Source pollution is the main reason
5
 America's source pollution accounts
for 70% of the total pollution, and
the contribution of agricultural
surface pollution is 68% to 83%
 Of Denmark's 270 rivers, 94% of
nitrogen load 52% of the
phosphorus load comes from
agricultural source pollution
 China's nonpoint source pollution
contributes more than 50% to the
nitrogen and phosphorus load
 The contribution of surface source
pollution to total nitrogen was 76%
in Danjiangkou Reservoir
Data Sources ：
1- 贺缠生等， 1998 ，非点源污染的管理及控制
2-Kronvang et al ， 1996 ， diffuse nutrient losses in demark
3- 第一次全国污染源普查公报
4- 宋国强等， 2006 ，十堰市入库总氮对丹江口水库总氮浓度贡献的初步估算
USA DEMARK CHINA DANJIANGKOU Reservoir
Nonpoint
source
Point
source

6.  Fertilizer and pesticide loss in farmland
 The use of pesticide and fertilizer in our country
is growing, the fertilizer has increased by 2
times in the past 20 years, and the pesticide has
increased by 50%
 The loss of fertilizer and pesticide are large
due to the low utilization rate
Source: national bureau of statistics

7.  Direct discharge of rural
domestic sewage
 There are 3.2 million natural villages in China, 96
percent of the villages have no drainage channels
and sewage treatment systems, and the sewage is
directly discharged
 According to the survey of typical sources of
pollution in Taihu Basin, the total amount of COD
in the distribution of sewage in rural areas
accounts for 18% of the total basin, and ammonia
nitrogen accounts for 38% of the total drainage
basin. Total nitrogen accounts for 40% of the
drainage basin, and total phosphorus accounts for
38%
Data Sources ：
1- 苏洪洋等， 2015 ，中国村镇分散生活污水处理技术现状
2- 太湖流域实施方案编制组《太湖流域“十二五”科技需求与目标任务
的建议》

8.  Direct discharge from livestock farming
 The size of livestock and poultry farming in China is large, and the trend is increasing, and the
number of pig breeding has increased by 110 million in the last 20 years
 The yield of fecal manure is too large, the farmland cannot be effectively dissolving, and the
nutrients are lost
 Breeding facilities are out-dated, and the cleaning wastewater produces a lot of pollution output
Source: national bureau of statistics

9. 9
Nonpoint source pollution simulation and ecological control technology. The
surface source tracking simulation technology, such as Nutrient and nitrogen isotope
tracer, Bacterial Source Tracking, and Chemical source 3d fluorescent tracer are
developed to solve the complex problems of source pollution sources in the reservoir
area.

10. 10
The vegetation restoration and function strengthening technology. On the basis of
ecological investigation, the construction of artificial communities suitable for the
different conditions of water-land eco-tone, restoration and strengthening of the last
ecological barrier function.
库 湾 库 岸
不同水位
库岸径流
污染物去除

11. 11
Water source nonpoint source pollution tracking and simulation technology. The
surface source tracking simulation technology, such as Nutrient and nitrogen isotope
tracer, Bacterial Source Tracking, and Chemical source 3d fluorescent tracer are
developed to solve the complex problems of source pollution sources in the reservoir
area.

12. 12
Water source nonpoint source pollution control technology framework. Put forward the
framework of the pollution control technology system from the source control process to the
end management and the optimization of management measures
farmland
non-point
source
control
decentralized
wastewater
control
rural
waste
control
面源污染和富营养化关键技术体系框架 / frame of key techniques for
prevention and control of non-point source pollution
源头控制技术 / Source
control techniques
源头控制技术 / Source
control techniques
过程阻隔技术 / In-
process prevention
techniques
过程阻隔技术 / In-
process prevention
techniques
末端治理技术 / End
control techniques
末端治理技术 / End
control techniques
管理措施优化
management
measures
管理措施优化
management
measures
农
田
面
源
防
治
技
术
农
田
面
源
防
治
技
术
农
村
分
散
污
水
治
理
技
术
农
村
分
散
污
水
治
理
技
术
农
村
垃
圾
处
理
技
术
农
村
垃
圾
处
理
技
术
前
置
库
技
术
前
置
库
技
术
多
水
塘
技
术
多
水
塘
技
术
生
态
沟
渠
技
术
生
态
沟
渠
技
术
人
工
湿
地
技
术
人
工
湿
地
技
术
生
态
塘
技
术
生
态
塘
技
术
水
生
态
修
复
技
术
水
生
态
修
复
技
术
管
理
措
施
筛
选
管
理
措
施
筛
选
运
行
管
理
优
化
运
行
管
理
优
化
pre-reservoir multipond ecological ditch artificial
wetland
Management
screeningng
Eco-pond water
ecological
restoration
Operational
management
optimization

13. With the continuous
strengthening of protection of
water source, non-point source
control technology research
gradually developed from
single pollution source control
or end toward the source -
transfer – sink comprehensive
treatment. Taking the
watershed as a unit, and
building ecological clean small
watershed has become the
basic trend.
生态清洁小流域（ ecological and
clean small watersheds ）
 We have made a little bit of progress, and there is
much room for improvement

14.  Reduce nitrogen and phosphorus load to prevent eutrophication
Reduce farmland runoff pollution output, control the rural domestic sewage pollution and treat the
livestock pollution are the key problems. How to cut the nitrogen and phosphorus load, to prevent the
reservoir eutrophication, was the biggest challenges faced by the non-point source pollution control in the
water source.

15. National or provincial projects in progress
 “Demonstration of Ecological Prevention and Control Techniques for Water and
Soil Erosion and Non-point Source Pollution of Small Watershed in Danjiangkou
Reservoir Area” of the Ministry of Water Resources of PRC .
project objective ： Through the project implementation, promote the application of pollution
sources Identification techniques, ecological restoration techniques, and nonpoint source
pollution control techniques. Furthermore, improve relevant technology application, enrich the
system framework, and improve ability to solve practical problems in Danjiangkou water
resources protection
research contents ： In view of the prevention and control of soil erosion and non-point source
pollution control problems, the research contents contains Technical application, Typical
demonstration zone selection, Layout of engineering measures, construction of ecological
engineering and Implementation effect monitoring.

16.  “Investigation and Assessment of Eutrophication in Important Waters in
Yangtze River Basin” of the Ministry of Water Resources of PRC
project objective ： To evaluate the eutrophication level in the middle and lower
Hanjiang River, Dongting Lake, the Three Gorges Reservoir and Danjiangkou Reservoir,
and put forward the control measures for eutrophication of the water bodies of the
typical lake/reservoir
research contents ： investigate the status of the eutrophication of the middle and
lower Hanjiang River, Dongting Lake, the Three Gorges Reservoir and Danjiangkou
Reservoir. The survey index contains nutrient concentration, oxygen consumption
substances, primary productivity, Phytoplankton species and biological diversity. Based
on the survey results, analyze the main influence factors of eutrophication, and put
forward countermeasures and Suggestions for eutrophication prevention and control in
the Yangtze river basin.
National or provincial projects in progress

17.  “Research on Early Warning and Prevention of Eutrophication in Water Source
Areas of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project” of the Ministry of Water
Resources of PRC
project objective ： to establish the prediction model of eutrophication, and put
forward countermeasures of eutrophication prevention
research contents ： Using remote sensing and routine monitoring method, analyze the
of water ecological status of Danjiangkou Reservoir and its main. Establishing water
environment simulation model for land and water, identify the main controlling factors
of the water eutrophication, and put forward the prevention and control
countermeasures
National or provincial projects in progress

18. Project cooperation ： both parties set up the cooperative
project and co-work on it;
Co-host workshop or introduction of techniques ： To
hold an academic conference on pollution prevention and
control of the water source, or to introduce relevant
technologies directly;
Research staff exchange ： we could invite the experts
from other side to work on the projects.

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