Power Point required for Geology1

1. Geology
Marina Hendrickson
Professor Mark Lawler
West Hills College
December 4th, 2011

2. Part I - Rocks
Igneous Rock
is formed when a magma cools underground and crystallizes or when it erupts unto the
surface of the ground, cools and crystallizes.
Sedimentary Rock
forms from particles, called sediment, that are worn off other rocks.
Metamorphic Rock
is formed by great heat, or pressure, or both.

3. Location I – Avila Beach, CA
Avila Beach is located in the
central coast of California.
The weather is usually warmer
than other beaches in the area
due to its location protected
from the northwestern winds.
© Avila Beach, CA

4. Sedimentary Rock
 Observations
1. The rock is mad of crystal grains
with flat, shiny surfaces
2. No layers
3. Light colored
4. Does not scratch glass
 Hypothesis
Dolostone? Sedimentary
limestone/sandstone?
 Research
Most limestone is formed by a chemical
reaction in sea water.
 Conclusion
Limestone, specifically chalk.
© Avila Beach, CA

5. Igneous Rock
 Observations
1. The rock is mad of crystal grains
with flat, shiny surfaces
2. Medium grey to very dark
3. No layers
4. Can see crystal grains without
magnifier – but small
 Hypothesis
Basalt? Gabbro? Diorite?
 Research
Diabase forms from a magma that is rich
in iron and magnesium, and poor in silica .
The magma is forced into cracks or
between layers of rock near the earth's
surface.
 Conclusion
Diabase
© Avila Beach, CA

6. Sedimentary Rock
 Observations
1. No crystal grains
2. The rock has layers
3. No grains of sand
4. Thicker layers
 Hypothesis
Schist? Shale?
 Research
Clay sediments settle in quiet
lakes, lagoons, bays, or off-shore areas.
When buried and compacted the clays
become shale.
 Conclusion
Shale
© Avila Beach, CA

7. Location II – Hanford, CA
Nowhere else but my
backyard. The location proves
the widespread of the
specimen.
© Hanford, CA

8. Igneous Rock
 Observations
1. The rock is mad of crystal grains
with flat, shiny surfaces
2. No layers
3. Light color
4. Medium or coarse grained
 Hypothesis
Granite? Gneiss?
 Research
Granite forms deep in the earth's crust
from cooling magma. The magma contains
a lot of silica.
 Conclusion
Granite
© Hanford, CA

9. Location III – Malansac, France
Malansac is a little town in the
country, close to the west
coast of France. This town
was once highly known for its
slate mines. (My parents’
town)
© Malansac, France

10. Metamorphic Rock
 Observations
1. No shiny surfaces
2. The rock has thin flat layers
3. No grain of sand
4. Seem to have only one mineral
 Hypothesis
Slate?
 Research
Slate is usually formed from clay
sediments or shale that has been heated
and put under pressure by plate collisions.
 Conclusion
Slate
© Malansac, France

11. Part II
 A. Fault
 B. Weathering Process
 C. Mass Wasting & Erosional Events
 D. Sedimentary Environments
 E. Practical Use of Geology

12. A. San Andreas Fault
 Most famous fault in the World.
 The San Andreas Fault is a right lateral
transform fault.
 This fault is a place where two tectonic
plates are touching, the North
American plate and the Pacific plate.
 It is about 800 miles long.
© Point Reyes, CA

13. B. Weathering Process
1. Chemical Weathering
 Change the composition of
rocks
 The water interaction creates
chemical
reactions, transforming the
rocks.
© Yosemite Park, CA

14. 2. Mechanical Weathering
 Unloading happened when the
overlying rock is eroded away.
 Eventually, continuous
weathering causes slabs to
separate.
© Yosemite Park, CA

15. C. Mass Wasting & Erosional Events
© Yosemite Park, CA
© Avila Beach, CA

16. D. Sedimentary Environments
1. Continental Sedimentary
Environment
 Streams and Falls are
moving and depositing
sediments.
© Yosemite Park, CA
© Kings River, CA

17. 2. Transitional Sedimentary
Environment
 Sea shores are a
transition between
continental and marine
environments
 Sediments are wached
away in the ocean.
© Avila Beach, CA

18. 3. Marine Sedimentary
Environment
 Sediments come from
land and sea life.
© Avila Beach, CA

19. E. Practical Use of Geology
 The California Aqueduct provides water to South California.
© Fresno County, CA

20. Work cited
 Lynch, D. k. (2010). Retrieved October 21, 2011, from San Andreas Fault
Information: http://www.sanandreasfault.org/Information.html
 Peck, D. B. (2001). The Rock Identification Key. Retrieved November
3, 2011, from http://www.rockhounds.com/rockshop/rockkey/
 Tarbuck, E. J., & Lutgens, F. K. (2008). Earth. Upper Saddle River, NY:
Pearson Education, Inc.