Ecosystems

How Do Ecosystems Differ? Let’s explore biotic and abiotic factors of different ecosystems around the world

What Factors Cause the Differences? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Provo, Utah 40. 36° N 111. 71° W

Provo, Utah, USA Average Rainfall by Month 24-hr Average Temperature ABIOTIC FACTORS: 16.0 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.4 1.5 in 407. 39.4 36.5 40.3 29.7 22.5 18.4 22.4 39.0 41.0 42.1 36.4 38.2 mm Yr Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Jan 50.7 30.2 40.1 52.0 63.1 72.1 74.5 66.6 57.7 49.1 41.2 33.8 28.0 o F 10.4 -2.0 4.5 11.1 17.3 22.3 23.6 19.2 14.3 9.5 5.1 1.0 -2.2 o C Yr Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Jan

Provo is a Temperate Coniferous Forest and a Rainshadow Forest ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Discuss in groups of three what would happen if a) the average temperature increased by 20 o and b) if cougars went extinct

Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo 4.38°S 15.40°E

Kinshasa, Congo Average Rainfall by Month 24-hr Average Temperature ABIOTIC FACTORS: 55.3 6.1 9.3 5.2 1.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 5.7 8.6 7.2 5.8 5.4 in 1405.6 156.0 235.1 133.3 39.8 3.7 2.8 4.7 144.7 219.7 184.0 147.6 138.2 mm Yr Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Jan 76.1 77.0 76.8 77.2 76.1 73.2 70.9 73.2 76.6 77.7 77.5 77.7 77.4 o F 24.5 25.0 24.9 25.1 24.5 22.9 21.6 22.9 24.8 25.4 25.3 25.4 25.2 o C Yr Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Jan

Kinshasa is in the Tropical/Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands Biome ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],In the same groups as before, discuss what might happen to this ecosystem if a) over grazing destroyed the grasses and b) if the average temperature were to decrease by 20 o

New York City, New York 40.78°N 73.96°W

New York City, New York, USA Average Rainfall by Month 24-hr Average Temperature ABIOTIC FACTORS: 44.4 3.6 4.2 3.3 3.6 4.1 4.1 3.3 4.2 3.7 3.9 3.1 3.3 in 1128.9 92.3 106.6 83.5 91.2 104.3 105.0 84.5 106.0 93.4 98.5 78.8 83.6 mm Yr Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Jan 54.7 36.5 47.5 57.4 68.2 75.4 76.6 71.6 62.6 52.3 42.3 33.4 31.6 o F 12.6 2.5 8.6 14.1 20.1 24.1 24.8 22.0 17.0 11.3 5.7 0.8 -0.2 o C Yr Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Jan

New York City is part of the Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests Biome ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],In your groups, discuss the effects on this ecosystem of a) heavy logging and deforestation and b) a severe decrease in annual precipitation (drought)

Bangkok, Thailand 13.73 o N 100.50 o E

Bangkok, Thailand Average Rainfall by Month 24-hr Average Temperature ABIOTIC FACTORS: 57.8 0.4 2.3 9.1 12.6 7.4 6.2 6.0 7.5 2.8 1.2 1.1 0.4 In 1466.9 9.4 57.3 230.8 319.9 187.0 158.2 151.7 189.4 71.8 30.7 28.2 10.6 mm Yr Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Jan 82.6 77.9 80.2 81.9 82.6 83.1 83.3 84.2 85.3 86.2 84.6 81.7 78.6 o F 28.1 25.5 26.8 27.7 28.1 28.4 28.5 29.0 29.6 30.1 29.2 27.6 25.9 o C Yr Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Jan

Bangkok is part of the Mangrove Ecosystem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],In your groups, discuss the effects on the Mangrove Ecosystem if a) the water became heavily polluted and b) if a tsunami wiped out all the mangrove trees

Baghdad, Iraq 33.22° N 44.20° E

Baghdad, Iraq Average Rainfall by Month 24-hr Average Temperature ABIOTIC FACTORS: 6.1 1.0 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.7 1.1 1.1 1.1 in 154.8 26.3 20.0 2.6 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 7.3 18.8 26.9 27.5 27.1 mm Yr Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Jan 72.9 52.0 63.0 76.8 87.4 93.6 94.3 90.1 81.9 70.9 61.2 53.2 48.9 o F 22.7 11.1 17.2 24.9 30.8 34.2 34.6 32.3 27.7 21.6 16.2 11.8 9.4 o C Yr Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Jan

Baghdad is Included in the Deserts and Xeric Shrublands Ecosystem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],In groups, discuss the effects on the Desert and Xeric Shrublands Ecosystem if a) annual rainfall was 10x what it is now, and b) a new desert-loving plant was introduced and flourished.

62.2 o N 129.44 o E Yakutsk, Siberia

Yakutsk, Siberia Average Rainfall by Month 24-hr Average Temperature ABIOTIC FACTORS: 9.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.1 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.4 In 240 12 16 20 29 37 39 37 18 10 6 7 9 mm Yr Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Jan 13 -40 -18 18 43 59 65 59 42 14 -14 -33 -45 o F -11 -40 -29 -8 6.5 15 18 15 6 -7 -24 -36 -42 o C Yr Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Jan

Yakusk is Included in the Boreal Forests/Taiga Ecosystem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],In groups, discuss what would happen to the taiga ecosystem if a) the average monthly temperature increased by 50 o (hint: consider the rainfall!) and b) if moss and lichen were suddenly unable to grow.

Ecosystems

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