The document discusses Switzerland's experience in shifting freight transport from road to rail in order to reduce environmental impacts in the Alps region. Key policies and initiatives discussed include: 1) The 1994 Alpine Initiative that amended the Swiss constitution to require freight transport through the Alps to shift to rail. 2) The implementation of a heavy vehicle fee (HVF) in 2001 to internalize environmental costs of trucking and help fund rail infrastructure improvements. 3) Major rail infrastructure projects like the Gotthard and Lötschberg base tunnels to increase rail capacity through the Alps.