Effects of Carbon Clearance Assay on Immune Response

Essay On Carbon Clearance Assay
Carbon clearance assay Administration of PE(100 and 150 mg/kg p.o) increased the clearance of carbon particles from blood as indicated by a
significant increase in phagocytic index when compared with control group as shown in table II.The levamisol (50 mg/kg p.o) also show any
significant effect on the phagocytic index in the carbon clearance assay. Delayed type hypersensitivity responses Administration of PE (100 and 150
mg/kg p.o) increased the Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Responses significantly in terms of increase in the mean difference of paw thickness when
compared with control group. The levamisol (50 mg/kg p.o) also show significant effect on the in Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Responses. DTH
requires the specific... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Free radical components have a relevant pathophysiological role in several types of autoimmune human diseases such as heart failure, shock,
atherosclerosis, etc[27]. It is essential to counteract this oxidative stress and thereby enhance immunity of body system. The immunomodulatory agents
are being used as adjuvant therapy in oxidative stress induced various diseases or vice versa. A very few modern medicines are available to treat the
oxidative stress and immunesenescence; which are costly and posses serious side effect. On the contrary, the natural antioxidants are safer choice in the
treatment of oxidative stress and immunesenescence. Immunological agents of plant origin enhance the immune responsiveness of an organism against
a pathogen by non–specifically activating the immune system. Natural antioxidants can act as potential therapeutic agents against many diseases
resulting from oxidative stress. Nowadays there has been increasing interest in the investigation of medicinal plants for the discovery of new
antimicrobial,immunomodulatory and antioxidant agents[28]. In this study, in vitro antioxidant and anti inflammatory activity of different extracts of
Juniperus squamata were tested for their antioxidant activity using DPPH,H2O2, OH and lipid peroxidation. Immunomodulatory activity was
determined by Carbon clearance and DTH assay. The evaluate antioxidant
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Ciocalteu Reagetion Lab Report
Antioxidative activity can be tested using total phenolic content (TPC), 2, 2–diphenyl–1–picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power
(FRAP) tests. In TPC test, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent (mixture of phosphomolybdate and phosphotungstate) is used to determine the antioxidant potential
of phenolic and polyphenolic from the sample. DPPH bonds with hydrogen atom from sample while hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) bonds with iron ion
(Fe3+) to form iron (III) thiocyanate, Fe(SCN)3 in the FRAP test. The phenolic acids and flavonoids are contributing to antioxidant activities. Radical
scavenging activity of petroleum ether extracts of C. nutans was 82.00 В± 0.02 % (Arullappan et al., 2014, pp. 1455–1461). Chloroform leaves extract
of C. nutans... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Extraction of plant material
Method of Hassan et al. (2015) was adopted for preparation of plant material and extract with minor modifications. The 70% acetone (Merck,
Germany) extracts were prepared by dissolving fine powder of C. nutans in 1:10 solvent using ultrasonic extraction in an ultrasonic bath for an hour.
Then the extracts were filtered with the aid of a Bucker funnel and Whatman filter paper #1. The extracts were preserved in airtight bottles at –40В°C
for further use.
Preliminary qualitative phytochemical analysis
Qualitative phytochemical screening of the extracts was performed using a standard procedure by Sofowora (1993), Harborne (1984, pp. 4–16) and
Trease and Evans (2002, pp. 23–67).
1.Test for alkaloids
A 2 mL of potassium iodide was added to crude extract, which forms brown precipitate with alkaloids solutions.
2.Test for flavonoids
A 2 mL ofsodium hydroxide solution (2%) was added to crude extract, followed by few drops of diluted acid. Transformation from intense red–orange
color to colorless indicated the presence of flavonoids.
3.Test for glycosides
A 2 mL of glacial acetic acid (1 – 2 drops of 2% ferric chloride) was mixed with crude extract. Then, the mixture was poured carefully into test tube
with 2 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid. Presence of cardiac glycosides was determined by the

Health Of Dogs Research Paper
Whether you new friend is a puppy or an older dog you rescued from the pound or adopted from another person, your choice in treats affects the
health of the dog. Many treats are filled with chemicals and tons of corn or grain and both are bad for hair and skin maintenance and for digestion.
Depending on the dog, chemicals and grains could adversely affect your dog's health due to an intolerance or allergy to some ingredients.
Skin and Coat
What goes in must come out, and with dogs, that means not only through the digestive system. A dog's skin and coat are affected by ingredients in the
food, including treats, that you feed it. For a softer coat and better skin condition, feed all–natural treats. The chemicals in the treats affect coat growth
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to the National Institute of Health, BHT was found to cause hepatic and renal damage in male rats and hepatic toxic effects in both male
and female rats. Additionally, rats who were fed BHT showed an increase in liver weight and less activity of many hepatic enzymes. When BHT was
applied to the skin, studies showed lung toxicity. This chemical was also found to adversely affect humoral immune response in animals. A lowered
immune response, makes clearing up coat and skin issues a nightmare.
Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). According to DogFoodAdvisor.com, the National Health Institute has found that BHA is a cancer–causing agent.
Blue 2, Yellow 5 and 6, Red 40 and 4–MIE food dyes. Skip the pretty food dyes as they are attributable to a host of issues including but not limited to
hypersensitivity reactions, cancer and behavior problems. 4–ethylimidazole (4–MIE) causes cancer in animals.
Ethoxyquin. This has been found by Dr. Gloria Dodd, DVM, to be highly toxic to animals. Yet, it's used as a preservative in many dog foods and
treats. Other issues included shortness of lifespan, problems whelping and liver

Food Additives: The Reason Behind American Obesity Essay
America, as we know it, is notorious for having the reputation as the fattest country in the world. In fact, diabetes and heart disease (which are both
closely linked to the overweight and obesity problems of America) are the second causes of death in the country. According to statistics taken by the
CDC in 2010, nearly 33 percent of all adult Americans are suffering with obesity. That is one out of every three adults... Partially responsible for this is
food additives which have been used for thousands of years, even in prehistoric times. Our ancestors discovered that large amounts of sugar helped
preserve fruit and the use of salt preserved meat and fish. The ancient Egyptians used sulfites to stop bacterial growth and fermentation in ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Nevertheless, they are still detrimental to one's health.
One of the most serious, harmful additives is aspartame, which is more commonly known as Equal and NutraSweet; it is a neurotoxin and carcinogen
that may lead to a wide variety of ailments including brain tumor. Dr. Farlow declared in an interview she had with Norma Lehmeier Hartie of
Harmonious Environment that, "Almost any symptom can be a result of a food additive... Aspartame has been associated with 92 different adverse
reactions..."
The FDA's approval of safe consumption of this sugar substitute should not be taken lightly and dismissed, 85 percent of all complaints registered
with the FDA are for adverse reactions to aspartame. If that was not enough to shock you, try to wrap your head around this one. In a two–year study
conducted by the manufacturer of aspartame, twelve of 320 rats fed a normal diet and aspartame developed brain tumors while none of the control rats
developed tumors, and five of the twelve tumors were in rats given a low dose of aspartame.(http://www.mercola.com)
Another is Sodium Nitrate and Nitrite. It is used as a meat preservative as well as a coloring and flavoring for hot dogs, ham, corned beef, etc.. It, too,
is highly carcinogenic. Excessive nitrate or nitrite exposure can result in acute acquired methemoglobinemia, a serious health condition which causes
cyanosis (blue skin) of limbs/trunk, weakness, and rapid heart rate. If

Persuasive Essay About Pet Food
Fooled by Experts In this world full of the unknown, how can one say they know everything? The answer is simple, people rely on experts; but what
if the experts have been lying to the netizens all along? Believe it or not, but this case has been happening in the pet food industry for centuries. The pet
food industry has been fooling us for years. The pet food industry is something that is overlooked on and due to this, the industry is not as tightly
regulated than it should be. The pet food industry needs to be more strictly regulated because what we are feeding to our pets now are doing more
harm than good. The leniency of the FDA towards pet food is leading to the slow, unknowingly, deterioration of our pets. Further research is now...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Such chemicals and ingredients can lead to serious consequences, varying from obesity and allergies, to even death. In an article written by Erica
Shaffer, it was reported that a couple sued a dog food manufacturer after the company's product led to the ailment and the death of the couple's dogs
(Shaffer [pg. 2]). Learning these claims from multiple resources is enough to scare a pet owner, and these facts show why it is significant for the
federal agency of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to enforce a stronger regulation towards our fur babies' food.
The FDA's mild attitude towards pet food is also leading to the increase of pet food recalls. Well–known pet food companies have experienced having
to recall products due to such things like chemicals in pet foods, and commonly, bacteria like salmonella. This is a big problem, because not only are
companies losing money, but it is also an inconvenience and threat to pet owners. Salmonella is a germ can that make us and even our pets sick
("Pet Food and Treats: Tips for Keeping People and Pets Healthy and Safe from Salmonella" [pg. 1]). With the FDA's leniency, their actions can
eventually even lead to our sickness. Due to the rising numbers of pet food recalls, multiple websites have been created for solely tracking the different
recalls of pet food that has happened over the years. Those websites include www.dogfoodadvisor.com, www.petful.com, and

The History of Modern Day Parenting: Helicopter Parents...
Throughout the history of mankind, one thing has separated us humans from animals, which is parenting. In today's world, you will not find any
other animal that will take care of it's offspring for 18 plus years, well except for bonobo monkeys. Now it is normal for parents to keep their kids
from childbirth till the end of their education. However this brings up the question on where to draw the line, and what is the right way to raise a kid.
There is one type of parenting that goes beyond the call of duty and it is called helicopter parenting. A brief description of helicopter parenting is
basically a parent who is over protective and pays extreme close attention to their child's life. Although helicopter parenting has some positive ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Banks began to fail and nearly third of the population was unemployed, causing a significant drop in birthrates. Before the depression, parents tried to
have as many kids as possible. Despite different culture areas throughout the United States, this fact stayed true. Parents in this time period faced first
hand of the true epitome of teenage rebellion. Daughters began cutting their hair short, smoking cigarettes, and going out, rather than the social norm
of a women staying home. These women became known as flappers, and they tended to get married at a later age. Parents at this time did not know
what in the world to do and often let them live their lives happy. When the depression hit, the life of the American home changed drastically.
Neighbors began to see families becoming homeless who were just fine the other day. With the birthrate dropping, and suicide rates going up, many
children faced a type of family known today as a broken home. Many people lost hope, however through the guidance of President Franklin D.
Roosevelt, families received relief. Young Americans found work through CCC and other government programs. World War II began and actually
helped the United States get out the depression. When the war ended, the United States experienced another feel–good era, leading to the creation of
the Boomer Generation. The Boomer Generation are also known as the greatest generation, due to various reasons. This generation is generally known
for the increased

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Food Irradiation
In modern society, science has been heavily involved with the production of food. Due to urbanisation, most people in developed countries as well as
many people in developing countries neither have the resources nor the time necessary to carry out subsistence farming that can produce an adequate
amount of food for themselves and their family on a regular basis. This sort of farming is only possibly in a rural environment. Because of this, urban
families are troubled with the task of finding fresh and healthy produce to consume.
The industry dedicated to producing food products that can outlive difficulties such as going rancid, or being naturally preserved without changing in
texture or flavour. The only way the industry would do this is by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sodium nitrate is common example which can be found in most processed meats. This compound inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria in the meats,
which prolongs the shelf–life of the meats. Propyl gallate is another substance which is used as a preservative. Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and
butylated hydroxytoluene (BTH) help with the preservation of food items because of their antioxidant chemistry. Olestra and trans–fatty acids (trans
fats) are oil based substances which are artificially created substances. These substances are used hamburgers, potato chips many other pre–fried food
items. They enhance the flavour of these food items and are far cheaper to use for the manufacturers of the food items. Monosodium glutamate (MSG)
is used widely in food products as a flavourant. Aspartame is also a flavourant, which is used an artificial sweetener used by people who either cannot
or do not want to consume foods with high sugar content. Another sweetener which is widely used is Acesulfame–K, which is approximately 200 times
sweeter than actual table sugar. This makes this sweetener a cost effective replacement for normal sugar in the preparation of products which used
sugar. Potassium Bromate is an anticaking agent. This characteristic is beneficial in powdered substances, like baking soda, as their shelf life can be
prolonged. (Vakil

Daniela Galvan . Janet Pangilinan. Ap Chemistry. 08 May
Daniela Galvan Janet Pangilinan AP Chemistry 08 May 2017 The Chemistry Behind Foundation Many users from YouTube gain fame because of
their jaw dropping makeup skills. They perfect everything they can in the most artistic way. Their colorful eyeshadows can be seen from miles away
along with their flawless porcelain skin. Unlike food and medicine herbs, makeup wasn't created by Mother Nature. Makeup has been around since the
1600's, each generation improving every cosmetic created. The cosmetic that people get eager to buy? The foundation. Foundation has been known for
the way it covers imperfections, provides an even skin, and give the desired finished – matte or dewy. It comes in many different formulations,
including liquid, cream,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It absorbs and reflects light, including ultraviolet radiation from the sun, which can cause products to worsen and lose their pigment. Talc, hydrous
magnesium silicate (MgSlO4) is used as an absorbent, anti–caking agent. It improves the feel of the product and helps smooth or soften them. Metallic
stearates (C17H35CO) also known as stearate salts are used for their moisturizing properties. They help keep the mixture of two or more liquids from
separating into their oil and liquid components. The stearate salts increase the thickness of the liquid and reduces the transparent appearance of
finished products. Lecithin (C42H82NO8P) or hydrogenated lecithin help cover the appearance of dry or damaged skin by reducing flaking and
restoring flexibility. It also has skin–restoring abilities. Sulfosuccinate (C20H37NaO7S) helps the water solubility of other cosmetic ingredients. It
also helps form the unblendable mixtures by reducing the surface tension of the substances, which is known as a cleansing agent. Ethoxylated alcohol
(C26H50O10), functions as a surfactant and are used as cleansing agents. They clean the skin by helping water mix with oil and dirt so they can be
washed away. It also acts as a skin conditioning agent. Bentonite (Al2O34SiO2H2O) has many purposes. It 's used for smoothing, polishing, or
abrading other chemicals in the foundation. Helps hold together all of the ingredients. Acts as an absorbent. Increases the volume of a

Omnivore's Dilemma Analysis
I believe that every body should read my essay because it states true facts about all types of hidden food read my story because im trying to warn you
about secret ingredient they hide in fast food
" In The Omnivore's Dilemma, Michael Pollan presents convincing arguments for sustainable, locally produced foods. He uses in–depth research to
detail the unpleasant and sometimes horrifying truths about large–scale, industrialized food production" (enotes, 2018).we learned about the food
chains so we learned to research to warn us what we are eating. Which is the book I just got finshed reading.im proving that's it's a argument about
whats in the food chains it warns us to research and find details to find out the truth of most of the food they hide in the food ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
To help you see this, these 6 shocking facts about many people's favorite kinds of junk foods will leave you thinking twice about giving into regular
temptation.Junk food is a pejorative term for food containing high levels of calories from sugar or fat with little fibre, protein, vitamins or minerals. ...
Food from many hamburger outlets, pizza and fried chicken outlets is often considered as junk food
Would you eat your favorite breakfast cereal if you knew that it contained Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT), a product also used in jet fuel and
embalming fluit food processing revolution, which began soon after World War II, manufacturers did not bother to hide the newly added synthetically
made food additives. After all, the perception was that as women joined the workforce, their available time for cooking would be greatly diminished,
and that most everyone would quickly adopt the newly invented convenience foods. the evolutionary process of humans and their nutritional
requirements point to the clear fact that while our nutrition has radically changed since Paleolithic times, our biology really

Food Additive
INTRODUCTION
The use of food additives is an emotional topic which continues to provoke consumer concern. Despite modern–day associations food additives have
been used for centuries. Food preservation began when man first learned to safeguard food from one harvest to the next and by the salting and
smoking of meat and fish. The Egyptians used colors and flavorings, and the Romans used saltpeter (potassium nitrate), spices and colors for
preservation and to improve the appearance of foods. Cooks regularly used baking powder as a raising agent, thickeners for sauces and gravies, and
colors, such as cochineal, to transform good–quality raw materials into foods that were safe, wholesome and enjoyable to eat. The overall aims of
traditional ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Colors are used to add or restore color in a food in order to enhance its visual appeal and to match consumer expectations. The processing of peas
and the preparation of jams can lead to loss of color, and hence food colors can compensate for these losses. Some colors are used purely for visual
decoration on cakes and confectionery items. Masking or disguising inferior quality is unacceptable uses of color.
The primary reasons for adding colors to foods include: * To offset color loss due to exposure to light, air, extremes of temperature, moisture and
storage conditions * To compensate for natural or seasonal variations in food raw materials or the effects of processing and storage to meet consumer
expectations (Masking or disguising inferior quality, however, are unacceptable uses of colors.). * To enhance colors that occur naturally but at levels
weaker than those usually associated with a given food.
Sweetener
There are two types of sweetener. Intense and bulk sweeteners impart a sweet taste to foodstuffs and are useful in low calorie products and for special
dietary products, such as those for diabetics.
Intense sweeteners, such as acesulfam K, aspartame and saccharin are 130–200 times, 200 times and 300–500 times sweeter, respectively, than
sugar–and they have

Cosmetic Products Used From Ancient Egypt And Greece
2.What: Cosmetics are products used by people to change the look of or cleanse the face/body. Since cosmetics are simply applied onto the body,
they do not affect the functions of the body or its structure. There are cosmetics that are put under the makeup category which are used on the face
such as lipstick, eye shadow, mascara, eyeliner, blush, etc. Then there are cosmetic products used on hair such as shampoo and hair dyes. Finally, there
are cosmetics used on the body to create a pleasant smell such as body wash, toothpaste, and deodorant.
Who and When: Cosmetics history spans over 6000 years of human history and almost every society and culture on earth. It began over 100 000 years
ago deriving from the African Middle ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In developed countries, people use shampoo and soap daily, and thousands of people use makeup products too.
3.a) 1. What is an example of acids and bases used in cosmetics? Most of the acids and bases used in cosmetics act as pH adjusters to stabilize pH
levels, but not all of them. Some examples are:
ammonium hydroxide which is used in hair straightening/waving and skin peels
citric acid which is used mostly in transparent soap
potassium hydroxide which used to make liquid soap
sodium hydroxide which is used to make bars of soap
sodium bicarbonate which is used in shampoo
2. What products did cosmetic scientists use reactions in?As surprising as it may be, the majority of cosmetic products are not meant to react, and if
they do, that shows cosmetic scientists that the products are unstable. However, there are some products that are designed to chemically react, and
those are mostly ones used on the skin and hair. They are hair relaxers, permanent waves, hair colours (dye), hair bleach, hair relaxers, skin darkening
products, and products designed to remove unwanted hairs.
b) 1. What chemicals used in cosmetics might cause health issues in the future?
Parabens which are used in moisturizers, shampoos, and makeup
DEA (diethanolamine) and DEA compounds that are used to in moisturizers and sunscreens.
Dibutyl phthalate or DBP which is used in

Eating Food That Dies
"Real food is alive – and therefore it should eventually die" (Food Rules: An Eater's Manual 29). Foods with seemingly infinite shelf lives continue to
reach Americans' stomachs more frequently than ever before. Their impact on modern day America causes devastating health issues and diseases.
Current heart disease, cancer, obesity, and diabetes rates have been drastically increasing since World War II (In Defense ofFood 22). Today's society
fails to embrace the lost art of dining. Food manufacturers focus on the convenience of consumption and storage rather than the natural nutritional
value of food. In an age when processed food consumption continues to escalate, and chronic diseases follow suit, current trends imply that natural, ...
Fast food restaurants in particular promote nourishing and nutritious dishes without mentioning the overwhelming amount of sodium, calories, and fat
in each dish.
With many families involved in numerous extra–curricular activities, fast food has become a staple in today's society. Olive Garden, one of America's
most famous Italian restaurants, advertises "fresh, delicious Italian food" ("Who We Are"). While they may be delicious, many dishes at Olive
Garden will not provide any health benefit for the consumer (Barnhart). Many of the dishes served, including the "Chicken Alfredo Pizza," "Tour
of Italy," and "Steak Gorgonzola Alfredo," have about 1,350 calories and 60 grams of fat each (Barnhart). With a suggested daily caloric intake of
2000 and daily fat intake of 65 grams by the Food and Drug Administration, each dish possesses over half a day's worth of calories and nearly an
entire day's worth of fat (Barnhart). The "Chicken Alfredo Pizza" alone contains 3,200 milligrams of sodium, over twice the daily recommendation
(Barnhart). Often misleading, many fast food restaurants sell "healthy" salads no better than their burgers. A McDonald's Caesar salad without chicken
or dressing contains 90 calories, 4 grams of fat, and 180 milligrams of sodium ("McDonald's Nutrition Facts & Calorie Information"). With grilled
chicken, it contains 220 calories, 6 grams of fat, and 890 milligrams of sodium ("McDonald's Nutrition Facts & Calorie Information"). The crispy

Dietary Antioxidants : Natural And Synthetic
Abstract:
Dietary antioxidants, both natural and synthetic have been recent research topics for cancer. They have been utilized to see the prevention of cancer,
use during cancer treatment, and long–term side effects and/or outcomes. Antioxidants work to neutralize free radicals that are produced with the body.
When these free radicals, or Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are found in high quantities, they can be very harmful to the body. It has been found that
certain dietary antioxidants, such as Selenium, Curcumin, EGCG, and Resveratrol have been used in studies of cervical cancer. These patients yielded
positive results in regards to limiting side effects as well as cancer treatment outcomes. Synthetically made dietary antioxidants are not are effective in
regards to human cancer prevention or treatment. It has been found that these substances may cause adverse health effects in humans or have no
significant positive outcomes. It is important when utilizing these antioxidant supplements to not engage in any negative health behaviors, like
smoking, in order to decrease the risk to having adverse side effects to the antioxidants. If a patient smokes and takes these supplements, tumor
metastasis could occur. It was also found that it is important to take the correct amount of these supplements to reduce the risk of cancelling out
chemotherapy treatment. During chemotherapy, ROS are created to kill cancer cells and with too many antioxidant properties, the chemotherapy will not

Is The Most Selfish Species On Other Human Beings?
Humanity is known as the most selfish species on this planet. We seem to think that everything serves for our benefit. Truth is, we share this planet
with all the other species. They do not serve us nor do they think they are the dominant species. We have killed many species into extinction. Some
for fun, some for money and some just because. Animals are very reserved and just like to do their own thing. They mind their business and don't
try to pry into other's business. Now I'm not saying that exploring is a bad thing. But what I want to get across is that we shouldn't have to cut open
and test these poor creatures that have done nothing but mind their business and keeps the cycle going. We use all kinds of animals to test out
everything that we want to use. But why don't we test it on other human beings for better results? Oh right. Because it's inhumane. Many animals are
born just to be tested on from the get go. Imagine living your whole life getting jabbed on a daily basis with some new formula that can cause
deformations to your body, have a severe allergic reaction to, and that might or might not kill you. Imagine not knowing if you'll still be living the next
day. These animals might possibly be thinking all of this and we don't even know it. Animal testing has been going on since the nineteenth century. It
made its way into cosmetics when a woman almost went blind after using her mascara darkener (Murnaghan). Because of this incident, the FDA passed
an Act in 1938

Is It Possible For An Average South African?
Savannah Ludick
One Research Task
"Is it possible for an average South African to choose a variety of foods from their local supermarket where they can select a healthy, balanced diet
based on the food groups, without consuming a variety of chemical food products?"
Table of Contents
Cover page and table of contentsPg 1&2
IntroductionPg 3&4
Review of LiteraturePg 5–9
MethodologyPg 10–14
Presentation of findingsPg 15–21
Analysis of findingsPg 22–24
ConclusionPg 25
Reference listPg 26
AppendixPg 27
Introduction:
"Is it possible for an average South African to choose a variety of foods from their local supermarket where they can select a healthy, balanced diet
based on the food groups, without consuming a variety of chemical food products?"
Many foods today are full of chemical preservatives, therefore making it harder for us to maintain a healthy balanced lifestyle. However, we do
have the option to eat organic or healthy food, but in today's economy people want to eat as healthy as possible but want value for money.
Unfortunately foods containing chemical preservatives are not fresh and do not contain the nutrients that we need. Therefore organic food is an
option and a few reasons as to why it is so expensive are the following; there are no chemicals or harmful pesticides used, it involves intensive labour,
demand overwhelms supply and there are better living conditions for the live stock. Organic food is expensive and unaffordable for

Body Care Products and their Impacts Essay
Body care products. We use them every day. On our hair, on our body, on our face. And, sometimes but not often, we think about the environmental,
ethical and social impacts it has. Nowadays, it's a standardised idea that it is extremely important to take in these factors when choosing and
purchasing products; however, is it really as important as it is portrayed to be? To come to a conclusion as to whether or not it is important to think
about the environmental, social and ethical impacts when buying a product, both sides shall be discussed.
The environment is probably one of the most debatable subjects around right now. And yet another debatable aspect about the impact on the
environment is related to the body products. One must be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The chemicals used and the consequences related to them are similar to those stated above. Another factor where body products endanger the
environment is when it comes to packaging. Statistics show that in fact body products make up a third of all landfill waste. The packaging being non
bio–degradable is left lying in landfills, waiting for hundreds of years to break down. With enough threats to the environment, is there really need to
worsen its condition even more? As can be seen above, the environmental impact of body products is quite profound. Body products that go into the
ocean can also cause dangerous consequences to the eco–system, especially to the organism living there. Even the packaging of body products affects
the environment. Therefore, the environmental impacts should be taken seriously when choosing a body care product.
Yet, some are still doubtful. They think that perhaps they are part of a scheme to scare people with over–exaggerated statistics and dangers. Some
believe we are being too paranoid and easily swayed by what we hear. So are we creating needles worries and stirring a storm out of nothing? Before,
we jump to conclusions too quickly by drawing conclusions from things we hear; we should see the concrete evidence first. Although there has been
lots of research, nothing has been 100% confirmed nor are they extremely certain the effects are caused by the body care

Minimally Processed Foods
Heavily processed foods make up 59% of calorie intake in the average American diet. Food is meant to provide nutrients that humans need to live and
stay healthy. Modern day processed foods practically defeat the purpose of food because they provide little nutrients and can cause various illnesses in
humans. These negative health effects are primarily caused by the toxic chemicals that are hidden in food. Sadly, the majority of Americans eat
processed foods without considering the toxic chemicals the food contains.
Chemicals are found in almost every processed food there is. What is their purpose? There is no one answer to that question. Some chemicals are
used to enhance the color and appearance of food like certain types of dye. Others are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One example of a chemical in food is Carrageenan. Carrageenan is a chemical introduced to the United States in the 1930's that is used as a food
additive, an ingredient in laxatives, treatment for peptic ulcer disease, an ingredient in certain types of toothpaste, an ingredient in various air
fresheners, and many other things. Carrageenan is considered GRAS (generally regarded as safe) despite all the negative health effects it has shown on
animals when given an injection of this substance. Animals injected with carrageenan developed multiple types of tumors and the injections also
caused sarcomas along with multiple other complications. Carrageenan is used to replace fat, increase solubility, and enhance texture of various foods.
This chemical can be found in numerous things such as low calorie drinks, infant formulas, various dairy products, and many more processed foods
(Tobacman). Another chemical called benzene is a carcinogenic substance that is toxic when humans are exposed to it in high amounts. This substance
was found in small amounts in various soft drinks and in a later study in a cranberry juice. Although benzene was used in a small amount, long term
exposure could lead to health complications (Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition). In addition aluminum is found in cheese and can cause
gluten sensitivity along with other health complications. Additionally, processed meats contain

Summary Of An Ethic Of Eating By Michael Pollan
In Michael Pollan's essay " An Ethic of Eating", he talks about how 'real' food is disappearing from supermarkets and groceries and being replaced with
"food–like substances." He claims that the overly processed foods are taking over and that "ordinary foods" are becoming harder to find. He is also
claiming that these "food–like substances" are confusing consumers into thinking that they are healthy for you and consumer should shop from the
source, farmer's markets. His first piece of advice he has is "don't eat anything your great grandmother wouldn't recognize as food." He evidence is
that she wouldn't recognize modern food as actual food. If he was born in 1955, that would place his great grandmother in the 1890's. Back in that
time, consumers thought that Crisco was good healthy and that eggs were full of bad cholesterol. Eggs are actually healthy because they are full of
high–density lipoprotein cholesterol, which is good for you. I see the point he is trying to make here, stay away from processed foods that were not ...
The edges are where cheese, yogurt, meat, and fresh foods are. He explains you have to be careful around the edges as well saying; "things like
high–fructose corn syrup have slipped into the diary case undercover." In the middle of the supermarket you find canned foods, these are highly
processed and don't contain much nutritional value. You will also find the prepackaged sweets and candies. Everyone already know these are awful
for your health and such be avoid in the supermarket to curb temptation to throw a package in your shopping cart. This brings up his point to just
avoid supermarkets altogether, but this is often impossible for some people. Personally, the nearest farmer's market is about an hour away while out
local grocery store is about five minutes away. Farmers markets and fresh produce are also more expensive and a lot of people these days cannot afford
to eat

Dog Food Research Paper
Chemicals In Dog Food Are They Good? Are They Bad?
You're standing in the pet store, buying your four–legged friend some food. The front of the bag says it's all natural, but you don't read the ingredients.
Little do you know, that food could be harming your dog. Did you realize dog food companies put harmful chemicals into their product. Take a moment
to ask yourself this question. If you knew that a certain food was harmful to you, would you feed it to your dog? Some dog food companies put harmful
chemicals into their product that are also harmful to humans. They call this feed–grade. Feed–grade is food that is much lower quality than
human–grade. Feed–grade allows toxins and chemicals into the food, while human–grade does not. For instance, they put a chemical in feed–grade
called Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT). Not only has this chemical caused liver and kidney problems in dogs, it has been linked to cancer in humans.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Most of the time, companies will try to trick you into thinking that the product is good by using a certain way of words. For example, when a bag
says "natural with added vitamins" This doesn't always mean its natural. This could simply mean that there are only few natural ingredients and the
rest are harmful. Those chemicals could be made in labs and could even be harmful. Although not all chemicals are bad, some of them can be affecting
your precious pet. Back in 2014, the dog food company Purina put a chemical called Propylene Glycol in their product, and had a lawsuit against
them. This chemical is so bad because this chemical is also found in automobile antifreeze, which is very harmful to dogs. Veterinarian Patrick
Mahoney says "These chemicals not only costed Purina millions of dollars, but costed some dogs their

Comparison Of Parabens, Phtalates And Butylated Compounds
An endocrine disruptor is any chemical that when used can cause an interference in the body's ability to function and carry out everyday bodily
functions. Three of these disrupters are Parabens, Phtalates and Butylated Compounds. Parabens are a commonly used preservative in 75–95% of
cosmetics. As a loophole allows parabens are considered as a fragrance ingredient but most likely will not be listed because manufacturer are not
required to reveal fragrance chemicals in their list of ingredients. Parabens act as a synthetic estrogen and throws off the hormonal balance within ones
body. Since parabens are water soluble, when they are applied to the skin and body the body absorbs them, the parabens in the cosmetics skip the normal

Why Is It Ethical To Target Uninformed Customers?
For many years companies have been keeping secrets from customers. A very common secret would be not telling your customers what all is in
your product. Some companies will leave out one or two minor ingredients, while others may skip over a few major ones. While it can be beneficial
for a companies sales, it is morally unethical to target uninformed customers as the customers are putting all of their faith into the product label. When
going to the store for a product many customers will look to the product labels for guidance so they can find the best product for them. Little do they
know that many companies will leave key ingredients out of the label to help sell the product. Wether the ingredients may be small or large
contributions to

Cosmetics And Self-Esteem
Although, cosmetics can have a very positive effect on our self–esteem, they can also have a very negative effect on our health. Many chemicals in
cosmetics can undermine your internal health and they can damage your skin. Some people can go all their lives and not have a problem with any
cosmetics, others are not as lucky. Cosmetic products include much more than just make–up. According to the US Food and Drug Administration
(FDA), the law defines cosmetics as "articles intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, or sprayed on, introduced into, or otherwise applied to the
human body... for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance." This includes makeup, perfumes, hair dye, lipsticks,
fingernail polish, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Huff) Many of the products have not been tested thoroughly. Even when the products are tested the results are not always direct and clear. Some
ingredients in cosmetics are toxic if used in large amounts, but the amount of these ingredients are much less than the amount used in studies. Experts
also do not know how much of the ingredient is absorbed into the body. Human studies of the long term effects of cosmetics do not exist, so there is
little evidence of the risk of cancer from these products. This means that cosmetic companies cannot claim that these products are safe for use.
Although, in the United Sates, cosmetics must be regulated by the FDA, so cosmetics must be safe, but the FDA does not have the authority to make
companies test their products. The FDA will hold the companies responsible for the safety of their customers. Products that are not tested must have a
label warning customers that the product has not been tested.
Cosmetics sold for retail must have the ingredients listed on the label. This list does not have to include secret trade ingredients. Products used by
professionals are not required to list the ingredients. The FDA does have the authority to take action if a product is not safe. The FDA can initiate
criminal action, refuse entry of an imported cosmetic, request the US marshals to seize the product, or ask a federal court to issue an injunction. The
FDA cannot

Yellow Number Five Essay
Yellow #5: yellow number five also known as tartrazine affects the human body in several ways. When one consumes products with yellow 5 you
lose zinc through your saliva and urine. Zinc is an essential element for the chemical compound of one's body. Your body uses zinc in hundreds of
ways, zinc is required for your metabolism of carbohydrates and fat, protein, alcohol. Not just limited to that zinc "is also critical for wound healing,
sense of taste and smell, immune system function, bone strength, thyroid function, blood clotting, cognitive functions, prenatal development, and sperm
production" ("yellow No. 5").
Blue #1: Blue number one can be known as Brilliant Blue FCF can be traced to pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or ... Show more
The pigment comes from the coating of the seeds it is not uncommon to see this colorant as a paste or a powder. Coming from a Hispanic family, I
am surprised to learn that the coloring that is used in tacos al pastor is being used in the food I consumed. This colorant is exempted from the FDA
guide lines because of it being a natural substance not a man–made colorant.
Soy lecithin: Soy lecithin is found in almost all the products that we consume. Soy lecithin is created by extracting the oil from the beans usually
hexane, after this the raw oil goes through a refining process where the crude oil gets mixed with water so that the lecithin may become hydrated so
that they can be removed. But there is a staggering concern with the amount of hexane let over from this process. People with soy allergies should try
to avoid this chemical but not necessarily cancel this product from their diet, but should be cautious.
Malic Acid: Is considered to be safe by the FDA, malic acid was first isolated by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1785. This acid is very tart it is most
commonly found in green apples and present in wine grapes. One should not consume so much malic acid because it can cause irritation of the

Essay On Dog
Are Your Dog's Nutritional Needs Being Met?
According to Gallup, (–– removed HTML ––) 44 percent (–– removed HTML ––) of American households contain at least one dog. These loyal,
four–legged pets may be man's best friend, but are we taking proper care of them? For example, have you ever stopped to consider the ingredients in
their food?
Humans who regularly ingest poor quality ingredients are much (–– removed HTML ––) more susceptible to health issues (–– removed HTML ––)
such as diabetes, obesity, depression, heart disease and cancer. However, you have the power to make smarter decisions for yourself that can reduce
your risk of developing a serious disease. Meanwhile, your dog can only rely on the type of food you choose to ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Sadly, at least one dog died as a result of the company's negligence. This disaster was Evanger's (–– removed HTML ––) first recall in 82 years. (––
removed HTML ––) As you can see, even the best history does not mean you can let yourself become complacent in regards to your dog's health.
FDA Guidelines for Dog Food May Not be Good Enough
In 2015, a class action lawsuit was filed on behalf of thousands of pet owners who believed that their beloved pet became sick due to poor quality
ingredients in Beneful dog food. Despite expert testimony indicating that Beneful most likely contributed to numerous cases of kidney failure, a judge
decided to dismiss the case. Even though it was proven that toxins are present in each bag of Beneful, the amount of these potentially poisonous
ingredients had been deemed acceptable by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
During the pretrial hearing, an expert witness indicated that the FDA was not taking into account the cumulative effect of daily exposure to toxins.
This argument was not enough to convince a judge that there might be a very real issue with Beneful, and it remains on store shelves as a result.
What Ingredients Are Needed in Dog Food?
Dogs must have the correct combination of carbohydrates, protein, vitamins, fats and minerals daily, along with constant access to clean water. If you
look at most dog food bags, you'll see that

Abstract Of Food Additives
Abstract: Food additives are substances that added to food in small amount by food manufacturers while producing or processing food to improve
the taste, color, flavor, and appearance of the food. Food preservative is a type of food additives that prevents food from spoilage by inhibiting the
growth and reproduction any microorganisms that cause diseases like Clostridia spp, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and other
microorganisms. This can be accomplished by reducing the PH and stabilizing the redox of food to make the environment invalid for microbes to
grow up. The aims of this research are to exhibit the types of additives that are added to food in food factories and the purpose of adding them. In
addition, the research will show the manufacturing process of food and the various effects of food additives and preservatives. Food additives are
substances that are added to food in small amount by food manufacturers while producing or processing food to improve the organoleptic of the
food. The shelf life of the food increases by adding food additives and that by keeping product freshness and consistency. It makes it possible to keep
the food longer without the daily stress of shopping and cooking. Some food additives must add in organized quantities and concentration. Also, food
additives should be acceptable daily intakes (ADIs) because they may have some disadvantage effects on the consumer. This definition is general for
any materials used in

Learn More About Various Medical Processes For Neck...
Learn more about various medical processes for neck tightening Description: there are various ways to battle the saggy skin problem but the
medical processes which are most popular and effective for neck tightening and for face lifting described here in detail. Visible jawline and saggy
neck do not only look you dull but also the early signs of aging too, if not taken care in due time then it can do a lot of harm as well. sagging skin
which is also known as the turkey neck is the combination of mainly three things namely excess fat, loose neck skin and muscle weakening. To fight
this out, you have to opt for the neck tightening process with the help of drugs as well as other alternative therapies. There are various ways of
medication with which you can battle this situation. Various medication processes There are various medication processes which are effective in
battling the aging signs and turkey wattle. Let's check out the most popular process, Administer topical retinoid: retinoid is a particular kind of
vitamin A derivatives that are helpful in fighting the skin roughness, wrinkles, and splotches. Applying the doctor prescribed topical retinoid can give
your neck skin more elasticity and also the appearance. It is advisable to consult a doctor before using any kind of retinoid for your skin. Seek
prescription and based on that buy the medicines. Tazarotene and Tretinoin are the most commonly used retinoid which is giving by the medical
practitioners. Beware of the

Bisphenol Research Papers
Abstract
Most consumers are unaware of the chemicals they ingest on a daily basis. Some of these chemicals are added to ensure shelf life, taste, or texture.
While others are ingested by eating animals that have come into contact with chemicals in their environment or their feed. While government agencies
such as the Federal Drug Administration, Environmental Protection Agency and the United States Department of Agriculture state that these chemicals
are harmless in small doses other research has proven otherwise. Using laboratory animals these chemicals have been shown to increase the
development of cancer, chromosomal defects, leukemia, reproductive and neurological problems. This paper will focus on the common chemicals of
Bisphenol–A ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The major sources of human contact and ingestion are through a water source contaminated with Atrazine from a run off site and soil contamination.
According to the EPA "The Maximum Contamination Level Goal for atrazine is 0.003 mg/L or 3 ppb" (Agency, Basic Information about Atrazine in
Drinking Water, 2013). However, individual states are allowed to enforce more stringent guidelines. People who drink water that has been contaminated
with high amounts of Atrazine can develop cardiovascular and reproduction problems. "Atrazine has been shown to cause changes in blood hormone
levels in animals that affected the ability to reproduce" (Registry, 2015).
Butylated Hydroxytoluene Butylated Hydroxytoluene or BHT is a preservative that is used to prevent packaged oil from becoming rancid. BHT is
used in the making of diesel fuel, tires and cosmetics. BHT was given FDA approval for food use in 1954. This preservative is often found in
microwavable popcorn, boxed cake mix and boxed cereal. The FDA has set a regulations that limit the amount of BHT to "not over 0.02 percent of fat
or oil content" (Administration, CFR – Code of Federal Regulations Title 21, 2015). BHT has been known to cause symptoms similar to hay fever and
irritate asthma suffers (Interactions,

Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants Essay
Antioxidants are substances that stable enough to prevent or retard the oxidation of easily oxidisable biomolecules such as lipids, proteins and DNA,
thus preventing oxidative damage (Lobo et al. 2010). Antioxidants can be classified into two classes, according to their action, into primary or chain
breaking antioxidants and secondary or preventative antioxidants. Primary antioxidants, when present in low concentration, can either delay or inhibit
the lipid oxidation by reacting with a lipid radical or peroxyl radicals. Secondary antioxidants on the other hand, retard the rate of oxidation by
chelating of metal ions or quenching of singlet oxygen (Amalia et al. 2005). These antioxidants are widely used as food additives in foods,... Show more
Hence, the high content of polyphenol antioxidants present in a variety of plants is probably the main factor responsible for antioxidant activity of plant
materials.
Recently, there is an increasing interest both in the industry and in the scientific research on various plant extracts due to their strong natural
antioxidants properties (Wu et al. 2009). These antioxidants compounds are pharmacology effective and have low or no side effects for use in
preventive medicine and food industry (Sati et al. 2010). Several synthetic antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated
hydroxyanisole (BHA) and tert–butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) are commonly used as food preservatives to prolong the shelf life of foods due to their
low cost, high stability and effectiveness. However, these substances may be dangerous for human consumption, as recent publications have mentioned
their possible toxic properties for human health and the environment. On the contrary, natural antioxidants from plant resources such as phytochemicals
are safe to be used. Hence, the development of natural antioxidants has attracted considerable attraction and the search for natural antioxidants from
various natural sources has been intensified in recent years (Jia et al. 2007).
As mentioned earlier, agarwood leaves are a source of bioactive components and are rich in various types of polyphenols (Takemoto et al. 2008). A
research

Regulation Before Restriction Essay
"Americans spend about ninety percent of their food budget on processed foods, which, unlike whole foods, have been treated, stripped, altered, or
refined in some way after being harvested or butchered ("Additives")." Most food industries believe preservatives make food last longer. More
importantly, preservative are cheaper and therefore better for the company's budget. Although, organic ingredients and foods would be more
expensive, and because of this, we have the ultimate question: what is your value based on, your money or your health? By spending less money,
we are able to save our wallet, but by spending more money, we are able to save our body. So what is the "cost" oh keeping preservatives legal? The
cost is far too many lives and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While there are benefits in preservatives in order to preserve shelf life, these preservatives could also negatively impact your vital organs causing
decline in their functions. Are preservatives and additives like this helping or hindering? Even foods which most would consider to be "preservative
free" and "healthy" often contains those additives. Take salad as an example, most Americans consider it a healthy lunch. But it does not cross the
average American's mind that something supposedly healthy such as salad would bring issues due to the preservatives that were once present in them.
Anastasia Toufexis, Time Magazine author, informs us that sulfites were put in salads and vegetables to keep them from wilting and discoloring.
However, in the 1980s, the FDA took control and limited the intake of sulfites by mandating "that foods containing more than 10 parts per million of
sulfites must list this information on the food label. (Robin)" The FDA has yet to ban them, they simply require food companies to list them on the
label. Currently, most Americans also see the protein foods or meal replacement shakes they eat after working out or to lose weight as healthy;
however, most of these are also full of preservatives. Men's Fitness focuses on the food that people eat it without thinking because it says it is meant to
help fitness. People are unaware that the majority of the ingredients in "health foods" are still acids, preservatives, and mostly, sugar. This fact leads the

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