How The Technological And Cultural Impact Of The World...

How The Technological And Cultural Impact Of The World...
The Chicago World Fair of 1893, or "The World Columbian Exposition", was a watershed event in American history and influenced many of the
technological and cultural changes of the early 20th century. When establishing whether the Fair was a turning point in American society, one must
assess the extent to which society was changed by the event. Industrially, The World Fair added 200 new buildings to the city's skyline, including the
famous Ferris Wheel. Economically, the fair brought in an over 1 million dollar surplus for stockholders, making it the standard to which all other fairs
would be compared to. And socially, the fair brought the community together through music and shows and with inventions like Aunt Jemima's syrup
and Juicy Fruit gum. Thus, The World Columbian Expo did, in fact, influence the 20th century industrially, economically and culturally. The late 19th
century was a time for technological and industrial triumph. Inventions of this time proved so benign that they are still used to this day. The World's
Columbian Exposition channeled this new creative mindset of people and set it into action on the world's stage. Erik Larson constructs an image of
these inventions as, "They (fair goers) saw the first moving pictures on Edison's Kinetoscope, and they watched as lightning chattered from Nikola
Tesla's body. They saw even more ungodly things– the first zipper; the first ever all electric kitchen, which included an automatic dishwasher; and a
box purporting
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The Columbian Exchange Between The New World And The Old...
The Columbian exchange is an interchange of plants, ideas, diseases and many more things traded between the New World and the Old World during
the 15th and 16th century. It all began in 1492 after Christopher Columbus went on his voyage and discovered the New World. After discovering the
New World many milestones in history began to form. Following in his steps of his new discovery came some of the Europeans. Since the Colombian
exchange began, many things have been brought to America and many things have been sent over in the directions. The Old World has brought over
many supplies as in sugar, coffee, horses and smallpox. The Americas brought to them corn, cocoa beans, and tomatoes in their exchange. Not only
did the old and the new world bring great things to each other, they also brought diseases and a decrease in the population of the new world. Instead
of the old world taking in the new world's culture, it was reversed. The new world had taken in the old world's way of lifestyle.
During the exchange of goods and people moving to the new world brought sickness and diseases. The most common diseases the Old World brought
were smallpox, measles, malaria, yellow fever, influenza, & chicken pox. The most destructive disease out of all the ones brought to America were the
smallpox. Small pox is a contagious, disfiguring and a deadly disease. The small pox started with the animals, and once the animals started being
brought over and the disease was then transferred on to the

The Columbian Exchange
At one point in time there was one big super continent known as Pangea. There was no need to reconnect with the other continents because they were
already connected, it was just a matter of how long it would take to get from one place to another. Shortly after, continental drift happened where
Pangea split into several continents. One of them is now known as Europe; another is America. 1492, the year that changed everyone's mindset about
what happens if someone should go overseas, Christopher Columbus didn't fall of the earth like projected. However, he did find America; which led to
the Columbian Exchange. The Columbian Exchange, also known as the great exchange, was the act of the new world (America) and the old world
(Europe) trading ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is a huge list of plants that America received. The list includes Bananas, barley, beans, black pepper, cabbage, coffee, cotton, citrus, garlic,
hemp, lettuce, oats, onions, peaches, pears, rice, rye, sugarcane, turnips, and wheat (Columbian Exchange at a Glance). Those are the things that was
given to America from Europe. On the other hand, from America, Europe received a good portion of things as well. On the animal side of the trade,
America gave Europe fowls, guinea pigs, raccoons, lamas, and turkeys (Columbian Exchange at a Glance). America didn't give Europe as Many things
as Europe gave to America.
Not only did Europe receive animals, they also received avocado, beans, cashews, chicle, chili pepper, cocoa, cotton, huckleberry, maize, manioc,
papaya, peanut, pecan, pineapple, potato, rubber, squash, sunflower, strawberry, sweet potato, tobacco, tomato, and vanilla (Columbian Exchange at
a Glance). There were many benefits to this trade, there were also different diseases traded that weren't meant to be traded, but were transferred by
the ignorance of the people who were already immune to the disease. The old world had many diseases that its people were already immune to.
Since the new world was, as stated, a "New World" they had no way of vaccinating themselves or making anyone aware of what was just given to

When building the New World, the labor that was used was due to racism and slavery. Wealthy white people would come to the Americas for
opportunity while poor white indentured servants and enslaved African Americans built their colonies and worked in the fields. As time went on,
people began to view certain races as more important and of a higher class than others. The New World became a heavily racist society filled with
African Americans being captured and brought over to the America's only to be worked to death. Even Indians were treated differently based off their
origin and religion. In Virginia Lawyer, William Waller Hening's Laws Pertaining to Slaves and Servants, Virginia 1629
–1672, an act was placed to
determine how long Indians should... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some of the food brought over held great nutrition such as beans, squash, and potatoes. The diets of everyone in the New World improved. In A
People & A Nation published by Cengage, written by American Historian Mary Norton and Professor of History at Harvard University Jane
Kamensky, it states that the food brought improved nutrition and was "helping the world's population to double over the next three hundred
years. Increased population in Europe fueled further waves of settler colonists, keeping the exchange in motion" (Norton, et al., 20). While the
Columbian Exchange brought so many useful items overseas and had so many benefits, it also brought disaster along with it. Along with the
food, animals, and items came disease. In The Columbian Exchange: A History of Disease, Food, and Ideas written by Harvard Professor Nathan
Nunn and Associate Professor at Yale, Nancy Qian and published by American Economic Association, it reads "The list of infectious diseases that
spread from the Old World to the New is long; the major killers include smallpox, measles, whooping cough, chicken pox, bubonic plague, typhus,
and malaria" (Nunn and Qian). The spread of disease caused massive drops in populations throughout the world. In Doctor James Carrick Moore's
book The History of Small Pox written in 1815 states that "several warlike nations of Indians had been almost extinguished by the Small Pox and
fifty years ago heaps of bones, like trophies of the disease, were to be seen in the fields, under the tufted oaks" (Moore). Not only the transfer of
diseases, but also the exchange of food, ideas, and animals had such a large impact on the world and humankind. The Columbian Exchange allowed
growth for the world as it advanced the way people grew crops and lived their daily lives. They were learning more about new crops that had much
more nutritious value and were also brought over things such as

The Columbian Exchange, Cons, And The Impacts Of The...
In 1492, Columbus and his crew disembarked three ships: The Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria. He and his crew were kindly welcomed by the
foreign men and women he thought to be the Indians of Asia. However, about two thousand years earlier, a group of Viking explorers discovered the
land and stayed there for a few years, before returning to Greenland. Although Columbus did not "discover" this foreign land, he was responsible for the
changes that soon followed his voyage. These changes, referred to as the Columbian Exchange, altered the way the natives lived, traded, hunted, and
fought amongst other tribes. It also led to undesirable effects for the tribes, as a result of the introduction of new diseases, slave labor, and advanced
weaponry. From first contact, the foreign Europeans forced the natives into quickly and radically adapting to the new threats they faced and learning
how to use the newly introduced products the Europeans carried over to the New World. As the Europeans started arriving to the distant continent,
disease was an invisible menace to the natives. Although the Native American population was not aware of the diseases the European men carried, the
viruses decimated villages and quickly spread to faraway lands from the minor exchange between village traders. The European explorers brought
smallpox, influenza, typhus, measles, malaria, and diphtheria into the new land, all of which the native population had no immunity towards. This
introduction

The Columbian Exchange And The Columbian Exchange
In 1492, one of the most important exchanges in our history began. At that time, there was a need for spices and tradable goods and supplies. There
were some people who just wanted a direct route to the trade supply in Asia, and there were others who wanted wealth or to spread the word of God.
Christopher Columbus believed that the world was in fact round, but he was unaware the actual size of the planet. He sailed west in search of the East
Indies, however he reached the Caribbean Islands of the Americas instead. By this accidental encounter with the foreign islands and people, Christopher
started the Columbus exchange. The exchange was widespread throughout Europe, Africa and the Americas around the 15th and 16th centuries. In the
trade, many things were introduced to all three continents. Examples of those things were ideas, people, plants, animals, technology, etc. The exchange
affected the Old World and theNew World very differently. Europe had definitely benefited the most, while others weren't quite so lucky.
Europe had been affected by the Columbian Exchange greatly. They had gained so much from it. Potatoes, maize (corn), pumpkins, turkey, vanilla,
cocoa and many other foods were introduced to Europe through the exchange. With these new foods, the europeans diets improved tremendously. Their
better diets helped make them healthier than before which ultimately increased their lifespan and caused less infant deaths. Not only did their lifespans

One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest Analysis
In Ken Kesey's One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, a story is told through the eyes of a large Columbian Indian who is a patient at a mental
institution. His story explains all that has happened since he has been there. The key to his success is that no one seems to acknowledge his
existence and would not hide secrets around him because he was thought to be deaf and dumb. He finds a way to learn everything that has
happened, and he will eventually meet a revolutionary man who will change both his life and the ward forever. The story also has a very common
theme involving the women within it. Kesey makes most of the women in the story manipulative and overbearing. Mrs. Bromden and Mrs. Bibbit
are two examples of the women who have handicapped men in their lives. Comparing these two and what they did will give a better perspective on
how Chief and Billy turned out the way they did. Through the power these women had over the men in their lives, it is clear to the audience now why
Chief, his father, and Billy all turned out the way they did based upon the way they were belittled and manipulated by Mrs. Bromden and Mrs. Bibbit.
For starters, Mrs. Bromden was the first to begin the process of belittling Chief Bromden and his father. She marries the Chief of the Columbian
Indians and has him change his name instead of her. Chief explains this to McMurphy the night before the fishing trip as he says, "'My Papa was a full
Chief and his name was Tee Ah Millatoona...'" (Kesey 219).Bromden

The Columbian Exchange : The Columbian Exchange
https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history–by–era/american–indians/essays/columbian–exchange http://www.learnnc.org/lp/editions/nchist–twoworlds
/1866 The Columbian Exchange is one of the greatest exchanges in foods, animals, plants and diseases between Europe and the Americas. In 1492
Christopher Columbus came to America. He saw things he had never seen before so then he decided to take some of them with him to Europe. He
started trading routes to initiated an interchange of plants between Eastern and Western, as a result it doubled the resources of the food crop on both
sides.
When the Europeans explored the Americas, they were introduced to new plants, foods, and animals, as well as riches and land. Foods such as corn,
white and sweet potatoes, beans, tomatoes, cacao, fruits, peppers, peanuts, sugar cane, and tobacco were many of the new foods enjoyed by
Europeans. Some animals such as wild turkeys, llamas, and alpacas, were brought back to Europe. Native American Indians traded furs with the
Europeans, which were luxury items throughout Europe. The discovery of lands rich in gold, silver, and other treasures prompted the conquistadors to
launch expeditions to the Americas, while reports of newly discovered lands abundant in resources, lured many other Europeans to the Americas in
search of a new and better life.
The Native American Indians had no beasts of burden, no plows, no wagons, no means of transportation, and no way to move heavy objects other than
by their own power. The Europeans brought over horses, oxen, donkeys, and camels. Horses became very valuable to the Native Americans. For the
hunter–gatherers or nomads, the effect was beneficial because the horse enabled them to cover great distances, and hunters could locate and kill the
bison more easily. Horses, oxen, donkeys, and camels became American Indians beasts of burden, instead of relying on their own manpower. Europeans
also brought a number of domesticated animals to the New World, including cattle, pigs, sheep, and fowl, which served as valuable sources of food and
clothing.
While the Native Americans introduced the Europeans to many new foods, the Europeans also introduced the American Indians to foods they had
never come across. Grains

One of the most memorable landings of the Americas is the landing of Christopher Columbus in the Bahamas on October 12, 1492. This landing was
the first of many that brought about the age of exploration into the Americas. The age of exploration, however, brought other things into the Americas,
but not all of them were beneficial. This event is now known as the 'Columbian Exchange'. It brought over many exotic fruits, vegetables, livestock,
and along with the beneficial items, death and disease were brought along with it (McNeill). These diseases destroyed the native populations and
created a need for African slaves to work in mines and on sugar plantations as early as 1511.
Plantation slavery is the "economic system in which slave labor was used to grow cash crops such as sugarcane, tobacco, and cotton on large estates"
(von Sivers 578). Since plantation slavery was the most prominent source of income during these times, the slave's involvement in plantation life was
paramount to the continuation of income. According to Patterns of World History, around 11 million African slaves reached the shores of the
Americas but these numbers were not a definite due to the exclusion of Africans that were killed in the raids and wars (von Sivers 578). Some
historians believe that over four million slaves were delivered to the Caribbeans, with around seven million slaves being split between the South and
North American plantations ("History & Memory.").
The treatment of slaves could be

Columbian Exchange Thesis
The Columbian Exchange took cultural diversities and made America. It introduced biological, economic and cultural impact with drastic
consequences. It is considered too had changed years of evolution.
The Columbian Exchange is the movement of goods or products and people. It was introduced in the time of Columbus voyages. It put plants, animals
and cultures together. Europe introduced technology, corn, tomatoes, potatoes, peanuts, tobacco and cotton. The Old world then introduced wheat, rice,
sugarcane, horses, cattle, pigs and sheep. One downfall of this transaction was that Europeans brought with them germs. Demographically during this
time there was an estimation of fifty to ninety million people in the Americas.

columbian exchange
The Columbian Exchange The Columbian exchange created an enormous interchange of various political ideas, cultures, foods, diseases, animals, and
people between the old world and the new world, this give and take relationship caused many changes some positive and some negative between the
two areas and help redistribute resources between the two hemispheres. There were many positive things that happened as a result of the Columbian
exchange. Potatoes and corn became major food sources for Europeans allowing populations to increase and allowed more settlers an explorers to
arrive. The introduction of pigs, cows, and horses gave new food sources and new animals for the Native Americans to use. Also many Native
Americans taught the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mercantilism is the focus of draining other countries for its resources and exporting more than you import while gaining as much wealth that is
possible by taking the assets from their colonies. So Great Britain believed the more money they had the more power they could achieve. Great
Britain used the ideology of mercantilism on the colonies and they were used to export raw materials, such as wood, crops, and furs. Great Britain
were able to make goods out of the raw materials that the colonies had exported, once Great Britain was done making the finished goods they would
sell it back to the colonies and other countries. Many merchants from Europe gained charters which is a license to do business in the American
colonies, this caused an enormous growth in population and merchants became very wealthy. The effect mercantilism had on the natives was not
good, because many of the remaining natives became slaves. However the Indians kept dying from the diseases that Europeans brought over, which
they were not immune to, and they also would escape because they knew the land very well, so the Europeans needed a new labor group to gather
the raw materials and harvest crops for them. The work force the British were looking for had to be cheap, because the merchants wanted to make as
much as money as possible, this led to the growth of the African slave

The Impact Of The 1893 Columbian Exposition
A Nation Reborn
In the closing years of the 19th century, The United States of America stood before the world as a divided nation in the ruins of a deadly civil war.
After years of tragedy and hardship, it was time for the states to turn a new leaf and start a new chapter of prosperity. To accomplish such, America's
greatest minds were assembled to construct a fair so magnificent, it would not only usher in a new age of American civilization. but establish the
foundation of the urban world. The finished project became known as the White City. This venue for the World's Columbian Exposition left a multitude
of positive and negative impacts on the social, political and economic scale. Socially, this event introduced the foundation of the modern American
living and lifestyles. Politically, the 1893 Columbian Exposition put TheUnited States on the map. While economically, the Fair had succeeded at the
cost of cultivating a new rise in crime and fraudulent activity. Although it barely turned a profit, finance was one of many factors in determining
whether the Fair truly was the transitional event sparking the rise of a global superpower. In summary, the 1893 Columbian Exposition to a significant
extent was a watershed event in US history providing a blueprint for a global superpower entering the 20th century.
To begin with, the social legacy of the 1893 Columbian Exposition had several lasting impacts on American culture. The Fair accomplished such by
influencing the

The Columbian Exchange The Columbian Exchange is non–fiction book written by Alfred W. Crosby JR. It illustrates the important events that
transpired when Columbus came to America in 1492. I initially chose this this book because I wanted to know more about Europe's effects on
America, and how Columbus altered the flora and fauna of America for better and for worse. As I started to read further into the book I immediately
was captivated by all the information that was hidden within the text. The book started out by contrasting the Columbian Exchange to the early human
migrations and early land bridges. I believe this is especially important because, it gave e a better understanding of how early humans developed a
pattern and a need to explore new lands. This quote states, "The connection between the Old and New Worlds, which for more than ten millennia had
been no more than a tenuous thing of Viking voyages, drifting fishermen, and shadowy contacts via Polynesia, became on the twelfth day of October
1492 a bond as significant as the Bering land bridge had once been"(Crosby 3). This is a particularly important sentence in the book because it gave
me a tie between mankind's migrations throughout the earth. The Bering land bridge was used as a rout for human migrations from Asia to the
Americas about 20,000 years ago. Knowing this gave me a sense of what the book was about. When Columbus came to America one of the big effects
that occurred was disease. As Crosby explains,

Women's Pavilion at the Columbian Exposition Essay example
The Women's Pavilion The Columbian Exposition was notable for its impressive architecture and large international attendance. Of particular
importance was the Women's Pavilion. The first of its kind to have been designed by a female architect, it revealed much about the social plight of
women at that time, and the need for further progress in the movement for equal rights. While its existence did not trigger significant changes for the
Women's Movement, this pavilion was certainly a promising first step that would set a precedent for women's involvement in later years. All aspects
of women's involvement in the Chicago fair were overseen by the Board of Lady Managers. This governing body, the first of its kind, had authority over
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Those that were in the field also received little public acknowledgement. At this Philadelphia fair, November 7th was chosen was "women's day",
based on the assumption that the women should take advantage of the fair while the men were casting their ballots. This angered the suffragettes,
who proceeded to boycott the fair. The women's pavilion placed "...particular emphasis on those activities generally acknowledged to be within the
women's sphere" with little information in the areas of science and discovery. (Greenhalgh, 175) Most of the art work done by women was nowhere
to be found in the women's pavilion, but instead was in the main Fine Arts building. While the Board of Lady Managers was supposed to have
"general charge and management of all interests of women in connection with the Exposition", they were denied a say in the selection of the actual
architect. (Ralph, 170) This decision instead was made by a board of men. In order to select the architect, work was examined from fourteen
distinguished women in the field. It is noted that none of these applicants was over the age of twenty–five. The woman who was chosen was Sophia
Hayden, who had just

The Columbian Exchange : The Impact Of The Columbian Exchange
Over five hundred years ago, the world was holding its breath as a man stood on the shores of what, he thought, were the West Indies. He had sailed
with the hope of acquiring riches and fame from Asia, but instead, was met with an island full of lush, green vegetation. This island was nothing like
the cosmopolitan cities of Asia, with prospering trade and opportunities for the aspiring merchant. His calculations had been wrong and now he was in
new territory that was not on any map. What this man had "discovered" was a diamond in the rough and would launch a period of globalization like
never before. This Italian merchant's name would be documented in the history books centuries after his death and the process of trade he initiated
between Europe, Africa, and the Americas would come to bare his name: the Columbian Exchange. The impact that this exchanged had on the world
would resonate for years after as new ideas, cultures, technologies, and diseases got shared. Not one civilization was spared and the changes that
ensued were numerous. The Columbian Exchange would throw an active light on Europe on the global stage and devastate previously thriving native
populations, but perhaps most prominent, it increased emphasis in the differences and importance of races. Prior to the Colombian Exchange, Europe
had been in the background of the global stage. Asia had been the star player and was surrounded in riches, new technologies, and interacting cultures.
With the Crusades, Europeans saw the, "backwardness" of their ways and decided to embark and participate in the new, exciting possibilities. A desire
for riches, favorable weather patterns, competing rival empires, and new advances in marine technology – mapmaking, sailing, navigation, and ship
design – gave Europeans an advantage over the Asians because they had more motivation. Asia already considered itself a wealthy state and saw no
need to expand outwardly when everything needed was in their reach. With the Columbian Exchange, Europe was able to enter the global stage. Each
new trading connection brought Europeans a new basin of resources to draw from. For instance, Spain's newfound industry and quick monopolization
of sugar greatly increased its trading

The impact on the health of the people from the Old and New Worlds had their similarities and their differences. This impact on the health of the
people was based on the event known as the Columbian Exchange. The Columbian Exchange occurred in 1492 when Christopher Columbus sailed
across the Atlantic Ocean to find a new route to Asia. The event of the Columbian Exchange greatly changed the health of the peoples of the Old World
and the New World.
The similarities of the impact of the health involved new culture, diets, and diseases. The Old World, which includesEurope and Africa, and the New
World, which includes the Americas, both learned and grew of new culture during the Columbian Exchange. The learning of new cultures involved the
exchange

Columbian Exchange Genocide
The Columbian Exchange, a Trade or a Genocide?
"Economic growth without investment in human development is unsustainable and unethical"–Amartya Sen, an Indian economist and philosopher. In
1492, Columbus set sail for India, only to find America. He started The Columbian Exchange which refers to a period of cultural and biological
exchanges between the New and Old Worlds (Europe and America). Exchanges of plants, animals, diseases, and technology transformed European
and Native American ways of life. It was originally only between Spain and America, but soon many other countries in Europe began to join the trade.
Among the many crops that were traded the two most important ones from America were potato and maize (corn) with sugarcane as a close second.
The Europeans also took some of the land to mine for gold and silver. With this, the economy flourished and Europe began to develop because they
had more food to support bigger populations. On ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Due to the fact that most of the Native Americans were sacrificed for European economic gain, the Columbian Exchange undoubtedly did more harm
than good.
The Europeans exploited the Native Americans and both inadvertently and purposefully killed millions by spreading disease, conquering them, and
overworking them. The effect of these is clearly shown in 2 sources, "A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies", by Bartolome de las casas,
and a population chart from "CIA Worldfactbook 2015". Bartolome lived during the Columbian Exchange, and has even metChristopher Columbus in
person. He is a Spanish missionary and historian, and he gave up his wealth, including his encomienda, to help the Americans. In

The Impact Of The Columbian Exposition
March 31st, of 1889 marked an important day in not only France's history, but America's history as well. The Eiffel Tower was unveiled that day,
during the Exposition Universelle in Paris, joining "the palace of machines," and other larger than life feats of "the iron architecture [that] dominated
the fair" (Expo 1889 Paris). As a nation, America was embarrassed and determined to show their dominance in the realm of iron and steel working.
Thus, the idea for the Chicago's world fair was born, giving the US "a needed opportunity to out–Eiffel Eiffel" (Larson 15). Before long, it was decided
that the fair would be called "The Columbian Exposition", honoring the 400th anniversary of Columbus's sail across the Atlantic. During its six months
of operation the fair was an unequivocal success and "had a powerful and lasting impact on the nation's psyche" politically, socially, and economically
(Larson 373). Consequently, despite having certain economic implications, the 1893 Chicago World's Fair, to a large extent, was an event that both
influenced millions and acted as a transitional period for America in several different manners.
Politically, the Columbian Exposition was an immense success. Just coming out of an industrial revolution, the nation had several inventions and
innovations, that were yet to be seen by other leading countries, such as AC DC electricity, agricultural machines, and an impressive transcontinental
railroad system. Without a doubt, the Columbian Exposition

Benefit Of The Columbian Exchange
This essay will explore whether the old world or the Americas benefitted more from the Columbian exchange. The Columbian exchange was the transfer
of plants, animals, ideas and more between the Americas and the old world during the 15th and 16th century. This essay will first talk about the slavery
that happened during the Columbian exchange. Secondly the deaths that were caused by the transfer of diseases through the Columbian exchange.
Lastly how the exchange of foods through the Columbian exchange lead to an agricultural revolution.
Body
During the Columbian exchange when Europeans went to explore, create colonies and conquer land, native Americans would often be captured as
slaves and exported back to Europe. For example, after Pizarro won the battle against the Incas, Pizarro captured the rest of the Incas as slaves.
Europeans would also go to America to find goods such as gold and silver or wealth in general. The Europeans then found wealth in Slavery. By the
15th century slavery was well established and became very popular. "On his second expedition to the Americas in 1493, Christopher Columbus
enslaved over 500 Native Americans and sent them to Spain." (American Indians as Slaves). These slaves were often used to cultivate tobacco and
were over worked (Slavery among Native Americans in the United States). The old world benefitted more than the Americas in this case. The
Americans were harshly treated and were stripped of rights as slaves while the old world used

Alfred W. Crosby's Article The Columbian Voyages, The...
In his article "The Columbian Voyages, the Columbian Exchange, and Their Historians", Alfred W. Crosby seems to think that much of the Columbian
voyages and what came out of them was detrimental to many cultures, most of all the Native Americans. Crosby brings up many institutions and
ideologies to re–enforce his opinion, such as the slave trade and the conquest of many Native American cultures. One of the major effects of the
Columbian exchange was the decimation of the Native American population. Crosby attributes this to many factors, the conquest of the Europeans, the
cultural vacuum created by European attempts to Christianize the Amerindians, and the introduction of new and lethal micro–organisms into the
ecosystem. More commonly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This in turn would lead to more consumption at the top of the food chain, eliminating the predators to creatures at the lower end of the food chain. This
would cause their numbers to rise, which would lead to irreparable damage to the ever–fragile ecosystem.
Another reason that disease is needed was defined by Thomas Malthus. His concept is called the Malthusian Law, which states that the population will
increase geometrically while the food supply will increase arithmetically. This, simply put, means that the population will grow enormously faster than
the food supply will. Predictably, this leads to starvation and death. Disease, as a natural check, prevents this from happening. As the population is
checked, the supply of food can keep up with the growth of population, keeping the ecosystem balanced. If disease was not a prevalent factor to check
the growth of population, then the Malthusian Law certainly would be.
However, checking the growth of population is not the only reason the disease is needed. Exposure to viruses can also help future generations of
humans live longer and more fruitful lives. Strange as it may sound, being exposed to a particular virus can help one's children become better equipped
to deal with it. This because human beings, as all living things, are constantly evolving. As the world around them changes, the physiology of the
human changes as well. Each generation is

America Before Columbus And The Columbian Exchange
In modern America, we often take for granted the natural world that surrounds us and the American culture which is built upon it. For many of us, we
give little thought to the food sources that sustain and natural habitats that surround us because when viewed for what they are, most people assume
that they have "simply existed" since the country was founded. However, the documentary 'America Before Columbus' provided this writer an
extremely interesting record of how the America we know came to exist. In the documentary, one of the most interesting discussions centered on the
fact that it was not merely the arrival of conquistadors and colonists that irrevocably changed the landscape of the Americas, but that it was also the
coined term known as the "Columbian Exchange" that afforded these travelers the ability to proliferate so successfully. The basic definition of the
Columbian exchange is one that defines the importation of European flora and fauna. It could also loosely represent other imports, both intended and
unintended, such as tools, implements, and even disease. Armed with this definition, it takes little imagination to envision how differently the
Americas might have developed had any significant amount of the native European flora, fauna, or other unintended import not been conveyed to the
Americas through the Columbian Exchange. Beyond the arrival of explorers, settlers, and colonists to the New World, the breadth of what the
Columbian Exchange represented to

The Columbian Trade And The Columbian Exchange
The Columbian exchange refers back to the exchange of diseases, thoughts, meals crops, and populations between the new world and the old world.
The Colombian trade greatly influences nearly each society. It induced each voluntary and forced migration of tens of millions of human beings. The
old world–by which we suggest now not just Europe, but the complete eastern Hemisphere gained from the Columbian exchange in a number of
ways. Discoveries of latest resources of metals are possibly the fine known. However the old world gained new staple vegetation in addition which
includes sweet potatoes, potatoes, cassava, and maize. less calorie–in depth foods, which includes tomatoes, chili peppers, cacao, peanuts, and
pineapples were also added, and are now culinary centerpieces in lots of vintage world nations, Greece, Italy and other Mediterranean nations like
Korea and india (chili peppers), Hungary (paprika, made from chili peppers), Malaysia and Thailand (chili peppers, peanuts, and pineapples). Tobacco.
New world crop, changed into so universally followed that it got here for use instead for foreign money in many elements of the sector. The alternate
also appreciably accelerated the supply of many old world crops, including sugar and espresso, which were in particular well–perfect for the soils of the
new global.
In 1492, while Christopher Columbus got here to America, he saw flowers and animals he had never seen earlier than so he took them returned with
him to Europe.

The World's Columbian Exposition
In 1893, The World's Columbian Exposition was held in Chicago to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in the New
World and to show how America has grown and progressed since then. In conjunction with the world fair, was the Parliament of the World Religions,
an event displaying non–Christian religions and where they were able to speak on behalf of their own religion. However, even though the world fair
was hosted on a total of 690 acres of land, not a single one of those acres were dedicated to Native American Religion besides a teepee set up at the
entrance and the noble savage. In the text of the world fair the "Classification of the World's Columbian Exposition", Native Americans weren't even
recognized as having ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"The Great Awakening" occured in the spring and summer of 1735 associated with a revivalist preacher and Congregationalist Protestant of the name
Jonathan Edwards. Though their is great debate around the exact effect and correlation the so named "Great Awakening" had on the cause of the
American Revolution, many did and still believe today that it was "The Great Awakening" that got people ready for the revolution and without it, the
American Revolution would have never occured. By giving "The Great Awakening" and John Edwards preaching so much power it causes one
religion, Protestanism, to become compatable as a part of the American identity. By associated Protestantism with an American identity it reveals the
founders hypocrisy when they stated in the Bill of Rights that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the
free exercise thereof" when it seems indeed a single religion is being promoted as the American religion. However, this could also simply be because
of the confusion in definitions and what peoples views on church and state's relationship is and or should be on its promotion of a religion. This issue
was brought up on page 89 of the reader, when in 1818 in Connecticut, Baptists argued that the state should support all churches equally while Thomas
Jefferson argued that

What Is The Most Important Result Of The Columbian Exchange
Issue Paper 2
Tino LoGerfo
History 105
What many people only know about Christopher Columbus's expedition is that he found the Americas. While this is true, he did find a completely new
frontier that was unknown to the Old World, his findings re–shaped global consumption patterns from the seventeenth century. He found aNew World
filled with resources that the old world hasn't seen before. When he found the new world he brought with him European plants and animal species that
were foreign to the citizens of the New World. TheColumbian Exchange introduced many foods that are still essential to consumption in today's
world along with the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries. The potato is a prime example of how the Columbian Exchange changed global
consumption patterns because it was nutritious and had an abundant amount of calories in it and caused a mass population increase in areas where
the potato was available. The use of slaves also increased exponentially when sugar cane was introduced. This was a very cheap, productive way to
produce a large amount of sugar and it was used by many Old World countries. The findings of these new world products created a rise in global
consumption and production because products were introduced to the both the New World and the Old World and there instantly became a large spike
in the availability of products. Along with this, the old world decided to go out and get themselves involved in the New World because they saw an
opportunity

Impact Of The Columbian Exchange
The Columbian Exchange, negatively altering the social and cultural makeup of both the Europeans and Native Americans, transpired during the
duration of the years of expansion and commenced subsequently to Christopher Columbus' discovery of 1492. This was the predominant reason
why the Columbian Exchange relates to European colonization/trade. In essence, the Columbian Exchange was the exchange of detrimental
diseases that depopulated societies, exchange of animals, and the exchange of technology. Furthermore, ideas were freely interchanged that were in
the benefit of both Old and New World (i.e) advancements in agricultural production, superior warfare, and education. Henceforth, this
significantly transformed European and Native American ways of life. The most significant impact the Columbian Exchange had was the transfer
of Old and New World diseases, adversely affecting the population for both the Native Americans and Europeans. Native Americans suffered
immensely from European disease as these were foreign to them, thus they had not developed immunities to these diseases as a result from of
isolation from the Old World. The diseases were also escalated and easily spread, for they were infectious through air. Diseases that exceedingly
devastated the Indian population consist of the following: smallpox, measles, malaria, yellow fever, influenza, and chickenpox. John Winthrop,
governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, states that the Native Americans were dying at alarming rates as a result of these diseases when he claims
that"the natives, [they] are neere all dead of Smallpox, so as the Lord hathe cleared our title to what we possess." In total, these diseases killed
million of Natives'. Although the Native Americans were infected and ultimately killed by these diseases, they were not the only ones going through
this predicament as the European population shrunk from 150 million to a mere 25 million. The disease that, for the most part, killed many of the
European sailors was syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease. This disease was considered as "the pox" and according to Alfred W. Cosby "...they
had never seen the pox before." This mean that the disease was not indigenous to Europe and was a new disease.

Indians And The Columbian Exchange
The Columbian Exchange is a huge exchange of goods and ideas between the old world and the new world. The old world is considered Europe, Asia
and Africa and the new world is considered America. Their colonies started to trade with each other and that's when they formed the Columbian
Exchange. Many countries were involved in this trade, including China, Africa and Italy. The exchange of the new ideas, traditions, food, religion and
diet changed cultures everywhere. The Natives gave and received many items. Even though Europeans and American Indians saw some similarities in
each other, their words differed. The introduction of plants into the new world extended a process that had been taking place for centuries in the Old
World. Trade... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
That had to be the worst thing ever to have to deal with. Some of the diseases were: small pox, measles, chicken pox, malaria, influenza and
cholera, along with others. The ending result and the ultimate result of the whole Columbian Exchange was negative because of the spread of the
diseases to the Indians and European, it created a lot of things and introduced new pests to the New World. The disease did not only spread to the
Europeans to the natives, but the natives passed syphilis to the Europeans. Almost 90% of the Indians died due to the disease between 1492 and
1650. The disease did the stop the Europeans from trying their best to get make it to the New World. They could not avoid getting sick but it did not
and could not stop them from invading Europeans. Clearly, imported disease had the most ruinous influence on the lives of Indians. Cooperative labor
was required for hunting and gathering, and native groups faced extinction if disease caused a shortage of labor. Besides goods, disease and other
things, the Columbian exchange was also apart of slavery. When slavery came most of the Native Americans has been killed off by the diseases that
they has caught. The Europeans had now brought slaves in to work for them on the land. When you think of slaves you think of the south, but only
5% of the slaves brought to the New World started importing slaves in the 1620's and it didn't end until the Civil War. It is still true that slavery has
existed long

Columbian Exchange Thesis
Brooke Meyer
HIST 1301
Professor Adams
September 12th, 2017
The Columbian Exchange is a topic that I chose because, it's an obscure topic that no one knows about or even heard of. I think of the the knowledge I
know about is important to know because it is an event that matter in history. Columbian Exchange refers to the period after Columbus reached New
World in 1492 and initiated trade between the Old World (Europe, Africa and Asia). Potatoes, corn tomatoes, fruit, tobacco and turkeys were the
primary exports from the Americas. Grains and livestock such as Cows, pigs and horses were the primary imports. Diseases came an important
byproduct of the Columbian Exchange where consequences with native americans who were ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It examines how the import and export of goods and changed both economies and how the effects of disease changed the Americas. I will use this for
quotes and how it affects old and new world.
Citation:
Crosby, Alfred W. The Columbian Exchange. 2011, pp. 1
–5, https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history–by–era/american–indians/essays
/columbian–exchange. Accessed 12 Sept. 2017.
Primary Source Document Analysis:
Are you sure that both of your choices are primary source documents as defined by the project guidelines and the online tutorial? Yes
Are you sure that these documents have enough content for you to write a two page analysis? Yes
Source One:
Title of Document: The Letter of Columbus to Luis De Sant Angel Announcing His Discovery.
What type of Document: Letter
Article Thesis:
This Article Columbus presents reading the letter announcing his discovery which seems to be giving to the King and Queen of Spain but really he is
just bribing about his own successes.
Citation:

Columbus, Christopher. The Letter of Columbus to Luis De Sant Angel Announcing His Discovery. 1493, www.ushistory.org/documents
/columbus.htm. Accessed 12 Sept. 2017
Source

The Pros And Cons Of The Columbian Exchange
The trade of biological and cultural aspects defines The Columbian Exchange, also called the Great Biological Exchange, for the first time Europeans
decided to connect with the Western Hemisphere. This was important because the Europeans actually gained more by taking advantage of the Indians;
animals, plants, and diseases, these transactions marked a whole new beginning in the history of America. Two isolated parties explored their
differences, and by that, they enriched their biological and cultural lives. (Shi and Tindall 336–37).
The beginning of the exchange happens, the plants and foods. The diets of the two cultures happened to be different, and so they altered them. The
Western Hemisphere had many new different options for the Europeans to choose from. There were three new foods that the Europeans did not
recognize, but took advantage; corn, which was called maize, it basically grew everywhere, sweet and white potatoes, and many different kinds of
beans that the Europeans loved. (Shi and Tindall 37). Some other examples of the food the Indians shared with the Europeans are peanuts, peppers,
tomatoes, pumpkins, pineapples, avocados, cacao, chewing gum, and the list goes on. The Europeans, on the other hand, presented to the indigenous
people, the greatest foods that still go on to this day, which are, rice, wheat, barley, wine grapes, melons, coffee, olives, bananas, daisies, and many
more. The transactions of these foods were so important to both cultures because when they combined them, they were amazingly rich in taste.
Europeans did not have pepper, but when adding it to the food it became something so delicious it could not be real. Also, they did not know that in the
future young people would conquer the New World with the positive effect that corn left them (Shi and Tindall 37). Both of these groups basically
repaired their culture for good.
On the other hand, the Europeans never in their life saw iguanas, armadillos, anacondas in real life, nor the Indians knew what horses, pigs, and
chickens were; of course, after the exchange, the Americas were full of these interesting animals from the European culture (Shi and Tindall 37). Pigs,
cows, and horses were a new beginning to the Americas,

Positive Effects Of The Columbian Exchange
In 1492 Christopher Columbus and his voyagers set sail because Columbus wanted to find a new route to Asia and to prove that the world is round
and not flat. But along his journey he had discovered new some new islands,which lead to the start of the Columbian Exchange, the Columbian
exchange was between the Old World (Europe, Africa) and the New World ( North and South America). The Columbian Exchange was the exchange of
plants,tobacco,food,disease and so much more. The Columbian Exchange had both a negative and positive change on the people's life who lived in
those continents. During the Columbian Exchange there was an exchange of many types of foods. The Old World exchanged Bananas,citrus
fruits,peaches, sugar cane,grapes,coffee beans. They exchanged lots of foods with the New World, the New World exchanged corn, , tomatoes,
potatoes, pumpkins and bunch more. The Columbian Exchange was not just all about the exchange of food. They also had an exchange of native
plants. The two most important plants that were exchanged was maize, and potato plants.
The Columbian Exchange was also an exchange of many types of diseases, they had many types of diseases that caused people to start to die. The
people in the New World didn't know about the disease that were being exchanged due to just getting touched but someone from the old world, some
diseases that the Old world brought over was chicken pox, measles, smallpox, whooping cough, malaria, typhus and many more. They gave

Negative Effects Of The Columbian Exchange
The Columbian Exchange that occurred in the Western Hemisphere subjected America to extensive changes that would fundamentally change the
people that lived there, the people that would come to live there, and the land itself. In fact, the America that we know today has been shaped by the
events that took place hundreds of years ago during the Columbian Exchange. As European people brought their culture and values to the Americas, it
started to combine and mix with the cultures and values already established there, changing both Europeans and Indians in admittedly small, but
significant ways. While this can be considered a positive point of the Columbian Exchange, in its entirety, the Columbian Exchange could be
considered a disaster, especially for the natives that lived in America before the Europeans came to claim it. Not only did Indians suffer at the hands of
European diseases that we completely foreign to them, killing off millions and changing the Indian demographic forever, but the world that they grew
to be so familiar with changed around them. When the Europeans first hit land, for the most part, they did not seek to completely obliterate the Indians
that already inhabited the land. Instead, Europeans desired to convert Indians and utilize them, which inevitably led to cultures mixing both ways. For
example, in the reading it states that before the Europeans had made extensive contact and established trade with the Indians, they would kill en masse
to feed their

Chicago World's Columbian Exposition
The World's Columbian Exposition, also known as the Chicago World's Fair, was an event held in Chicago from May to October of 1983. The fair
was created to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Columbus's discovery of the New World. The fair was designed to celebrate American innovation as
well as bring together the American public and expose them to a multitude different ideas and cultures. One aspect of the fair was the abundance of
living museum exhibits, which had people from other cultures going about their daily activities while the public observed. These living museum
exhibits were primarily on the Midway, an area of the fairground on the outskirts of the main area, known as the White City. While White City mainly
housed exhibits pertaining... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The children were taken from a culture thought to be inferior and treated like animals in a zoo. The isolation of the school on the Midway illustrates
that Americans saw natives as outsiders. Rather than being treated as Americans they were they were placed in the Midway with other non–white
people to be gawked at and exorcised. The financial failure of the of the model school exhibits American's disinterest in non–white people whom they
could not view as savages. The school questioned the belief that Indians were culturally and intellectually inferior to whites, and as a result it was not

The Columbian Exchange Statistics
The Columbian Exchange Statistics By the Numbers Estimated population of Europe in 1492: about 60 million Estimated population of the Americas
in 1492: 40–100 million Estimated population of Europe in 1800: 150 million Estimated population of the Americas in 1800: 25 million (the vast
majority of whom were of European or African descent) Major domesticated animals in the New World in 1492: dog, llama Major domesticated
animals in the Old World in 1492: horse, cow, pig, sheep, goat, chicken, camel, oxen, cat, dog Major edible plants unique to the New World in 1492:
maize (corn), potato, squash, cassava (manioc), tomato, bell pepper, chili pepper, avocado, squash, pumpkin, peanut, chocolate, vanilla, strawberry,
blueberry,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
You cannot understand why you speak the language you speak, why you live in the nation you live in, or even why you eat the food you eat. If you
don't understand the Columbian Exchange, much of what you think you know about the history of the Americas may be wrong. Spanish soldiers did
less to defeat the Incas and Aztecs than smallpox did. Divine Providence did less to bless the Puritan settlers of the Mayflower with good health and
fortune than the Pilgrims' own immune systems did. In the Columbian Exchange, ecology became destiny. Powerful environmental forces, understood
by no one alive at the time and by very few people even today, determined who would thrive and who would die. And that may be the most shocking
truth revealed to those who take the time to understand the Columbian Exchange: we, as humans, cannot always control our own destinies. The most
important historical actors in this story are not Christopher Columbus or Moctezuma or HernГЎn CortГ©s. They are the smallpox virus, the pig, the
potato, and the kernel of

Columbian Exchange Dbq
Why Europe Conquered the Americas and not the Other Way Around? The old world, specifically Europe shaped history; it was an age of exploration
and expansion. Europe was one of the first civilizations and that gave them a head start to explore new lands, find new ideas, and domesticate more
animals. The following sources support the fact that Europe Conquered the Americas, these documents include: The Columbian Exchange written by
Nathan Nunn and Nancy Qian convey the message that through trading of animals, ideas, diseases, food crops, and population between the new world
and the old world helped shape the civilization of Europe and gave Europe the push to conquer the Americas (Columbian exchange). Additionally, in the
Guns, Germs, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Columbian exchange was passed through the old, new worlds, and Africa (Columbian Exchange). The geography of these three places and
their downfalls and rises all work together to import and export goods and species (Columbian Exchange). They exported goods, slaves, and
animals (Columbian Exchange). Europeans all together were the best at trading for goods and exporting goods to making themselves have such an
early advantage (Columbian Exchange). The Columbian exchange refers to the exchange of diseases, ideas, food crops, and populations between
the new world and old world following the voyage to the Americas by Christopher Columbus in 1492, by the old world meaning the eastern
hemisphere (Columbian Exchange). The discoveries of new supplies and metals is the best known, the old world also gained staple crops, sugar and
coffee (Columbian Exchange). The exchange of disease occurred such as smallpox, measles, and typhus. Some cuisines of countries were altered by
the Columbian exchange; it introduced a wide range of new calorically rich staple crops to the old world –namely potatoes, sweet potatoes, maize, and
cassavas. The Europeans adapted tobacco. Sugar cane was extremely important for the European masses (Columbian Exchange). The potato provided
a large supply of calories and nutrients, it had a positive growth on the population by 12%, and it effected urbanization by 47% as well (Columbian
Exchange). Slaves were also imported into the Americas because of the spread of old world diseases to native Americans, the cultivation of highly
priced old world crops such as sugar and coffee(Columbian Exchange). Over all, the Columbian exchange helped form Europe and guided it to conquer
the Americas (Columbian Exchange). Furthermore, in the tables written by Jared Diamond and

Adversity Negative Effects
Intro: Adversity; misfortune, disaster and trauma. We have seen adversity on both the major and minor levels of the past, present and in fiction. We
often see in all aspects the negatives that adversity leads to. So this begs the question, does adversity lead to growth? We see adversity from the
Columbian exchange through growing populations and new technology. In the New York Times' article by Andrew E. Kramer, one reads about the
financial growth Russia faces after a long time of recession. Likewise, in Catherine Hyde's "Pay it Forward" One will read about the emotional and
mental growth people have after Trevor dies which essentially causes the movement to flourish. We see adversity everywhere in life, and although there
are many negative consequences that go along with adversity, eventually, it will lead to development and a rise in success.
The Columbian exchange had many moving parts to it, however, a largely known negative impact was the massive fatalities diseases spread by trade
and exploration had on both Europeans and native societies; these massive epidemics slowly brought growth to the world. "The Columbian
Exchange" by Alfred W. Crosby, is an article that shows the statistics and impacts that the Columbian exchange had on those who lived during it, as
well as the people who came generations after. Crosby explains how these diseases impacted Native Americans by saying,Qte 1: "Smallpox was the
worst and most spectacular of the infectious diseases mowing down the

Millions of years ago, continental drift carried the Old World and New Worlds apart, splitting North and South America from Eurasia and Africa. That
separation lasted so long that it fostered divergent evolution; for instance, the development of rattlesnakes on one side of the Atlantic and vipers on the
other.
After 1492, human voyagers in part reversed this tendency. Their artificial re–establishment of connections through the commingling of Old and New
World plants, animals, and bacteria, commonly known as the Columbian Exchange, is one of the more spectacular and significant ecological events of
the past millennium.
When Europeans first touched the shores of the Americas, Old World crops such as wheat, barley, rice, and turnips had not traveled west across the
Atlantic, and New World crops such as maize, white potatoes, sweet potatoes, and manioc had not traveled east to Europe.
In the Americas, there were no horses, cattle, sheep, or goats, all animals of Old World origin. Except for the llama, alpaca, dog, a few fowl, and
guinea pig, the New World had no equivalents to the domesticated animals associated with the Old World, nor did it have the pathogens associated with
the Old World's dense populations of humans and such associated creatures as chickens, cattle and black rats. Among these germs were those that
carried smallpox, measles, chickenpox, influenza, malaria, and yellow fever.
The Columbian exchange of crops affected both the Old World and the New.

The Impact Of The 1893 Columbian Exposition
A Nation Reborn By the closing years of the 19th century The United States of America Stood before the world as a divided nation in the ruins of
a deadly civil war. After years of tragedy and hardship it was time for the US to turn a new leaf and start a new chapter of prosperity. To accomplish
such, America's greatest minds were tasked to construct a fair so magnificent, it would not only usher in a new age of American civilization but
establish the foundation of the urban world. Although the 1893 Columbian Exposition barely turned for a profit, finance is one of the myriad of
factors in determining whether the Fair truly was the transitional event sparking the rise of a global superpower. Aspects such as economic, political
and social impacts are key factors in determining overall influence. In summary, the 1893 Columbian Exposition was a watershed event in US history
to a great extent due to its impacts on the social and political scale despite its economic shortcomings. Starting off with the social legacy, the 1893
Columbian Exposition had a lasting impact on American culture. The Fair accomplished such by influencing the thoug|h }+ts, ideas and lives of
millions of americans. Larson writes "they saw even more ungodly things–the first zipper; the first–ever all–electric kitchen, which included an
automatic dishwasher" (Larson 247). All electric households are only the tip of the iceberg when it comes to myriad of culture defining advancements.
The visitors were so

The Columbian Exchange of food brought a great change to the world's culture and to the food we eat today. An example of this is the holiday
Thanksgiving, where we celebrate the trading of goods and all the new foods introduced the separate nations. Some examples of these ingredients are
potatoes, bacon (pigs), sugar, ginger, and eggs (chickens). Some of these ingredients were introduced to the Americas by Europe, Africa, and Asia and
some were introduced the other way around. The potato had a huge influence on the current diet of the European as well as the population size and
pigs being introduced into the Americas created tension between the Colonies and Natives and the pigs were even used in a native revolt against the
Colonists. Having ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sugar originated in New Guinea for 10,000 to 12,000 years. It was introduced into North Africa and Europe in 350 BCE to 350. It was brought to
the New World during the same voyage (the second one in 1493) that brought the livestock mentioned before, chickens and pigs and was
"cultivated" in Santo Domingo. It was first shown to Spain in 1516, from the Americas. This raised the consumption of sugar in Northern Europe
in the 17th century, as it spread from country to country. This profited the business of sugar farming in the Americas and made it a successful
business. This caused a large demand of a work force to harvest the sugar, so the old world started bringing slaves from Africa to work in the sugar
plantations. This eventually created the triangle trade, which was basically the Columbian Exchange but an added passage called the "Middle
Passage" to Africa where people were taken to become slaves. This lasted for around 300 years, and 11 million Africans were taken to the New
World, half sent to work in the West Indies. The increase of sugar crops lowered the price of sugar and increased the demand for the product. Sugar
was called "white gold" because the high demand of this product and all the profit being made by Europe, and it also made it become a "staple" of the
European diet. The addition of sugar to the Americas brought a

Responsibility In Chronicle Of A Death Foretold
Where Does Ultimate Responsibility lie for the death of Santiago Nasar, in Chronicle of a Death Foretold?
"On the day they were going to kill him"[1], is the opening to Chronicle of a Death Foretold, by Gabriel Marquez, is a novella written in the form of a
pseudo–journalistic reconstruction;, in which the reader is told about the 'murder death' from the first line. Here comes the importance of the theme of
responsibility; we, along with the narrator, work backwards to unravel the reasons and the mysteries behind the murder. However, we must differentiate
between two opposite aspects of this theme; responsibility and action. Some characters were prominently conventionally responsible for the death of
Santiago, through their actions. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, they both determined, not to mention it to the latter. It could be perceived that she, as a young woman, just stepping into the world of
adolescence, was not yet able define her feelings towards Santiago. The narrator comments that, "(Divina) didn't warn him because she was nothing
but a frightened child at the time, incapable of a decision of her own." She was unclear about her feelings towards him and permitted her mother to
decide for her. However, Divina's main contribution to the theme of responsibility arises at the end of the novella. She led PlГЎcida Linero, into
locking the door, deeming believing that she had seen Santiago had gone up to his room. Yet, in fact the latter, was assaulted by the Vicario twins, in
front of his house and the narrator comments that, "(he) only lacked a few seconds to get in when the door closed. (Marquez, P.119)" Despite, the
fact that her illusion sounds implausible, Divina confirms that she had seen him come inside the house, "It was a very clear vision" (Marquez, P.118).
We, as the readers are left with no option but to believe her.
Two other characters; LeonardoLeandro Pornoy and Colonel Aponte can be both held responsible for the murder, they had equivalent chances to save
Santiago's life. LeonardoLeandro Pornoy, the policeman, was given first hand information, when the Vicario twins, informed him of their intent to kill
Santiago. However, his ignorance prevented him from arresting them or even

Columbian Exchange Imperialism
The transition from the Old World to the New World, commonly classified as the Columbian Exchange, was the basis of European expansionism and
imperialism. In reference to previous and future endeavors in history involving expansionism and imperialism, were notoriously implemented in
inhumane ways. Evidently, the Columbian Exchange, named after the founder of the New World,Christopher Columbus, was the introduction of
numerous things such as: technologies, plants, animals, diseases, and cultures. As the Columbian Exchange is a significant event is history, despite the
demise of numerous Native American tribes and Europeans, the Columbian Exchange is the beginning of modernization in terms of socio–economics
in the Western hemisphere.
The new plants and technologies included in the Columbian Exchange were crucial between the Native Americans and the Europeans, the Spanish in
particular, in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is estimated that 60% to 90% of Native American tribes had died from new diseases brought from the Columbian Exchange from the Europeans.
Numerous diseases such as the infamous smallpox were introduced to the Native Americans and were degrading to the population as the Europeans
grew a type of immunity from the diseases unlike the Native Americans. Conflict between the Spanish and the Native Americans brought war which
encourages diseases to spread through hand to hand combat. Cultures and tribes were on the brink of extinction, as European expansionism and
imperialism succeeded in claiming land that was formerly the Native Americans. The mass genocide and epidemic of various diseases towards the
Native Americans reach to new heights due to the Columbian Exchange as Europeans militants strived for land and gold at the cost of the Native
American's

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