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SWU171 – Introduction to Social WorkSection 11896Aldo Quinta.docx
- 1. SWU171 – Introduction to Social Work Section 11896 Aldo Quintana, MSW Chapter 2 – The History of the Social Welfare System and the Social Work Profession WELFARE What is it? WELFARE = The well-being of people (society) as a whole. Welfare Some people do not want government involved in providing social welfare AT ALL. But the Federal government IS involved… law enforcement, highways, postal system, education, our utilities
- 2. Social Welfare Philosophies RESIDUAL It’s abnormal to be needy Problems result in an emergency or crisis Exhaust personal money before help is given There is stigma attached Temporary help, as last resort, discontinued soon Rugged individualism is best INSTITUTIONAL Needs are expected Problems are common due to complexity of life Help is provided before a breakdown or emergency No stigma to getting help Prevention, rehabilitation, long-lasting or permanent Give all a feeling of security, humanitarianism Examples of Residual Assistance TANF-Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (was AFDC) SSI- Supplemental Security Insurance General Assistance Medicaid Food Stamps Public Housing WIC (Food program for women, infants, children) School breakfast and lunch programs RESIDUAL ASSISTANCE (Public Assistance) Examples of Institutional Assistance are:
- 3. Social Security Medicare Unemployment Insurance Workers Compensation Veterans Health Services Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance INSTITUTIONAL ASSISTANCE We can understand the present by looking at the past Historical Development of Social Welfare Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601 Two concepts: Relative responsibility Overseer of the poor Three types of poor: Able-bodied poor Impotent poor Dependent children A stigma was attached to being poor Being poor was not acceptable Being poor is a sign of immorality or criminality (at least for the able-bodied) This became the basis for the attitude the U.S. held towards poverty.
- 4. Legacy of the Elizabethan Poor Law Similar to that of England’s attitude from Elizabethan Poor Law, the government should take some responsibility for the poor. Early U.S. view of the poor Almshouses for people who could not work. Asylums for the mentally ill Children were put into orphanages BUT…they turned into warehouses for the poor and severely mentally ill. Rehabilitation was rare….. The U.S. had: We have Social welfare institutions such as Group homes, Halfway houses Residential treatment facilities Concept People with the same problems are in a single residence as an efficient way to serve them by sharing resources TODAY
- 5. The Great Depression Was the most significant economic downturn in American society. One in four workers was unemployed. Money in the private sector was depleted by the stock market crash Small, private agencies could no longer afford to continue their relief efforts so the federal government took on that role The federal government responded with the Social Security Act of 1935. It provides insurance coverage for retirement, disability, and survivors following a death Social Security Act in 1935 In the 1960’s to 1990’s and present day Human rights revolution Civil rights movement War on poverty Women’s rights movement Charity Organization Society (COS)
- 6. Buffalo, NY, 1877 GOAL: Find out what causes poverty? Eliminate poverty FOCUS: Problem is inside the individual, a personal deficiency, a character defect. Mary Richmond – A Key Figure in SW Published Social Diagnosis in 1917 Biggest problem: Changing behavior of poor people was not enough to solve the social problems. Social & economic systems were dysfunctional, too. Settlement Movement Philosophy: a person’s well-being is linked to their surroundings FOCUS: changing the environment will improve quality of life Jane Adams a key figure founded the Hull House Settlement Should we change the person or the system? Are people worthy or unworthy of assistance (dates back to Elizabethan Poor Laws)? History of social work shows that religion and volunteers should be responsible and that church and state should be
- 7. separate. Conflicting Values about Social Welfare Chapter 1 What is Social Work? SWU171 – Introduction to Social Work Section 11896 Aldo Quintana, MSW 1 What is Social Work? Social Work is a profession that overlaps with other professions And Improves the functioning of the individual And Improves the functioning of society What are some professions that social work may overlap with? 2 Social Work as a Profession You MUST hold a social work degree from an accredited undergraduate or graduate program
- 8. Upon graduation, some agencies and/or states require social work licensure and certification 3 Social Work Mythbusters Most social workers work for the government For therapy you need a psychologist or psychiatrist Most social workers are employed in public welfare Social service employees, case workers, and volunteers are social workers 4 Social Work Central Concepts and Theories Person-in-environment General system theory Ecological theory Strengths perspective Diversity perspective 5 Social Work Values and Ethics Service
- 9. Social justice Dignity and worth of the person Importance of human relationships Competence Human rights Scientific theory 6 Values = Are beliefs about what is good and right. They guide decisions about how to act in various situations. 7 Ethics = Are based on values and Describe the behavior one uses to express one’s values. 8
- 10. Social Work Practice Cultural Competence Ethics and Values Self-awareness Cross-Culture Knowledge Service Delivery Empowerment and Advocacy Diverse Workforce Professional Education Language Diversity Cross-Culture Leadership 9 Social Work Careers 10 Social Work Careers Child welfare Gerontology Healthcare/Medical Social Work Mental Health School Social Work Substance Abuse Violence, Victim and Criminal Justice Crisis, Trauma & Disaster Military Social Work Public Welfare Community Organization
- 11. Policy Practice Management/Administration Rural Social Work International Social Work 11 Personal Characteristics Suited to Social Work Practice Creativity Open mind Empathy Compassion Flexibility, willingness to receive feedback and willingness to change Curiosity and openness to lifelong learning Patience Healthy skepticism Commitment to self-awareness Trust in people Positive outlook Respect for diversity 12 Social Workers as Change Agents The Social Work Dictionary defines change agent as “a social worker or other helping professional or a group of helpers whose purpose is to facilitate improvement”