Project-based learning is an approach that engages students by having them work in groups to solve an authentic problem. It involves developing a project idea, determining the scope, selecting standards, incorporating simultaneous results, working from design criteria, and creating an optimal learning environment. Key principles are assigning collaborative groups, presenting a real-world problem students can connect with, setting parameters for completion, providing teacher consultation and feedback, and sharing the final product. Project-based learning focuses on the process of working together to solve tasks rather than just the end results of students' work.