2. Introduction
“Modern thief can steal more with a computer
than with a gun.”
- National Research Council USA, ‘Computers at
Risk’ (1991)
3. • The birth of internet facilitates swift sharing of
information
• Forrester Research, a technology research
firm reported that the number of internet
users would touch 4 billion mark by 2018.
• With the passage of time many people
started misusing the cyberspace.
• This demanded the countries all over the
world to pass cyberlaws.
4. CYBER LAWS
• Cyber law is the law governing the
cyberspace.
• Wilham Gibson coined the term cyber-space
in his fictional work Neuromances (1980s)
• Cyberspace is a conceptual hallucination that
looked like a physical space but was actually
computer generated.
5. • Cyber Law is a term that describes the legal
issues related to the use of internet.
• Another name for Cyber Law is Internet Law
or Computer Law.
6. Cyber Law of India encompasses laws relating
to
1) Cyber Crimes
2) Electronic and Digital Signatures
3) Intellectual Property
4) Data Protection and Privacy
7. 1) Cyber Crimes
• Cyber Crime is the latest and most
complicated problem in the cyber world.
• Cyber Crimes are unlawful acts where
computer is used either as a tool or target or
both.
• Enormous growth in e-commerce and online
trading has led to phenomenal increase in
cyber crimes.
8. Cyber Crimes can be basically
divided into 3 categories
• Cyber Crimes against persons
• Cyber Crimes against property
• Cyber Crimes against government
9. Cyber Crimes against persons
Include various crimes like
• Transmission of child pornography
• Harassment via e-mails
• Cheating and fraud
• Unauthorised control/access over computer
system
10. Cyber crimes against property
Include various crimes like
• Destruction of others property ( Computer
vandalism)
• Stealing funds from financial institutions
• Stealing secret data and information
• Physically damaging computer system
• Transmission of virus
11. Cyber Crimes against Government
Include
• Cyber terrorism against government
organisations
• Distribution of pirated software
• Possession of unauthorised information
12. 2) Electronic Signature
• Electronic Signatures are used to authenticate
electronic records
Eg : Digital signatures
13. 3) Intellectual Property
• Intellectual property refers to creations of the
human mind
Eg : Song, Story, Paintings etc
• Cyber Law protects all these Intellectual
properties related with Cyber Space.
Eg :- Copy Right Law, Trade Mark Law, Patent
Law etc
14. 4) Data Protection and Privacy
• Data Protection and Privacy Laws aim to
achieve a balance between privacy rights of
individual and interests of data controllers like
banks, hospitals etc.
15. IT ACT of India, 2000
• The primary source of cyber law in India is the
Information Technology Act 2000.
• It deals with cyber crime and electronic
commerce.
• Gets the assent of Parliament on 9th June 2000
and came into effect on 17th October 2000.
• IT Act 2000 is based on UNICITRAL (United
Nations Commission on International Trade
Law) model.
16. • IT Act 2000 has 13 chapters, 94 sections and 4
schedules
First 14 Sections deal with legal aspects
concerning digital signatures.
Sections 43 to 47 - Penalties and
compensations
Sections 48 to 64 - Tribunals and appeal to
High Court
Sections 65 to 79 - offences
Sections 80 to 94 - miscellaneous
17. IT Amendment Act, 2008
• A new version of IT Act 2000
• Provided additional focus on Information
security.
• Added new sections on offences including
Cyber Terrorism and Data Protection
• Passed by the Parliament on 23rd December
2008. Came into force on 27th October 2009.
18. • IT Act 2008 has 14 chapters, 124 sections and
2 schedules
• Now IT Amendment Act has 14 chapters, 119
sections and 2 schedules
19. Important Sections of IT Act 2008
• Section 5 - legal recognition of digital signatures
• Section 43 - destroy or damage electronic devices
• Section 44 - damaging of software in electronic
devices
• Section 61 - Civil court not to have jurisdiction
• Section 65 - cyber tampering
• Section 66 - hacking with computer system
• Section 66 F - Cyber Terrorism
• Section 67 A – Cyber Pornography
20. • On 24th March 2015, Supreme Court deleted
Section 66A of IT Act which allowed arrest for
objectionable content online
Conclusion
• Increase dependence on cyberspace has
resulted in many cyber crimes
• The main aim of cyber law is to control man
and machine
