2. What is the CVD?
Cerebrovascular disease is a group of brain
dysfunctions related to disease of the blood
vessels supplying the brain.
Hypertension is the most important cause
It damages the blood vessel lining,
endothelium, exposing the underlying
collagen.
3. Anatomy of Cerebral
Vascular 1
-Internal Carotid
Artery System
-Vertebral Basilar
Arterial System
-Willis Circulation
10. Classification of CVD
โข Cerebral Infarction, CI
(or called Cerebral Ischemic Stroke)
โข Intracerebral
Hemorrhage, ICH
โข Subarachnoid
Hemorrhage
โข Transient Ischemic
Attack, TIA
11. Cerebral Infarction, CI
A Cerebral Infarction is the ischemic kind
of stroke due to a disturbance in the blood
vessels supplying blood to the brain.
17. Infarction Stages 3
Late stage (> 1 weeks)
Removal of tissue by macrophages
Fluid filled cysts with dark grey margin (gliosis)
18. Principle of Diagnosis
โข The middle aged people and the elder
โข Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, Diabetes, TIA
History
โข Disease onsets in quiet situation
โข Symptoms gradually worsened
โข Hemiplegia, Aphasia, etc
โข CT, MRI test
19. Principle of Therapy
โข Early thrombolytic
โข Adjustment of blood pressure
โข Prevention of brain edema
โข Anticoagulant therapy
โข Vascular dilatation
โข Brian nutrition therapy
โข Surgeon therapy
โข Interventional therapy
20. Principle of Nursing
โข Medication Nursing
โข Prevention of Asphyxia
โข Mental Nursing
โข Health Education
21. Intracerebral
Hemorrhage, ICH
A Cerebral Hemorrhage (or intracerebral
hemorrhage, ICH), is a subtype
of intracranial hemorrhage that occurs
within the brain tissue itself. Intracerebral
hemorrhage can be caused by brain trauma,
or it can occur spontaneously in hemorrhagic
stroke. Non-traumatic intracerebral
hemorrhage is a spontaneous bleeding into the
brain tissue.
26. Brain Herniation
-Cardiac arrest (no pulse)
-Coma
-Irregular breathing
-Irregular pulse
-Loss of all brainstem
reflexes (blinking, gagging,
pupils reacting to light)
-Progressive loss of
consciousness
-Respiratory arrest (no
breathing)
27. Brain Herniation
(abnormal posturing)
โข Decorticate posturing: with elbows, wrists and fingers flexed, and legs
extended and rotated inward
โข Brain herniation frequently presents with abnormal posturing. a
characteristic positioning of the limbs indicative of severe brain damage.
28. Principle of Diagnosis
โข Over age-50 who has history of hypertenxion
โข Accidence in the emotional or physical
activtise
โข Emerging the symptoms of intracranial
pressure rising and disturbance of
consciousness
โข CT, MRI test
29. Principle of Therapy
โข No movement, O2
โข Adjustment of blood pressure
โข Control of brain edema
โข Application of hemostatic
โข Surgeon therapy
30. Principle of Nursing
โข Basic Nursing
โข Prevention of Asphyxia
โข Complications: Brain Herniation
โข Complications: Upper Gastrointestinal
Bleeding
31. Subarachnoid
Hemorrhage
A subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)
is bleeding into the subarachnoid space
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37. Principle of Diagnosis
โข More among the youth, Female>Male
โข Accidence in the emotional or physical
activtise
โข CSF test
โข CT, MRI test
38. UNESCO Training the Trainers in Information Literacy Workshop, September 3-5, Ankara-Turkey 38
39. Principle of Therapy
โข No movement, O2
โข Adjustment of blood pressure
โข Application of hemostatic
โข Surgeon therapy
40. Principle of Nursing
โข Basic Nursing
โข Prevention of Asphyxia
โข Complications: Brain Herniation
โข Complications: Upper Gastrointestinal
Bleeding
41. Transient Ischemic
Attack, TIA
A transient ischemic attack (often
colloquially referred to as โmini strokeโ) is a
change in the blood supply to a particular area
of the brain, resulting in brief neurologic
dysfunction that persists, by definition, for less
than 24 hours.
43. Typical Symptom
โข Temporary loss of vision
โข Difficulty speaking (aphasia)
โข Weakness on one side of the body
โข Numbness or tingling, usually on one side of
the body.